Third-order Nonlinear Susceptibility Research Articles

Synthesis, structure identification and linear/nonlinear optics of hydrothermally grown WO3 nanostructured thin film/FTO: Novel approach

Thin film of WO3 has been deposited on conductive fluorine tin oxide substrate using the hydrothermal technique. The film's microstructural, morphological and optical properties have been identified using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope, and spectrophotometer. The obtained results have confirmed the nanocrystalline structure of the as-received WO3 thin film with crystallite size ≈63.4 nm. Analysis of the absorption coefficient using Tauc's model shows the possibility of direct and/or indirect allowed transition with energy gaps 3.95 and/or 3.45 eV, respectively. The refractive index has been determined by different methods showing the average value (2.2 and 2.3 corresponding to the direct and indirect transitions, respectively). The nonlinear refractive index and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility have been determined, showing the high polarizability of WO3/FTO with radiation to be promising for different optical devices and applications.

Effect of cycle numbers on the structural, linear and nonlinear optical properties in Fe2O3 thin films deposited by SILAR method

Fe2O3 thin films were deposited by Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method onto glass substrates at different cycle numbers to investigate structural, linear and nonlinear optical properties. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the Fe2O3 thin films have a non-crystalline nature. The morphological properties of the films were investigated by Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and the results show that the films’ surfaces are porous. The linear and nonlinear optical parameters were evaluated and analyzed by using transmittance and absorbance measurements. For these measurements, UV–Vis spectroscopy at room temperature was used. The refractive index values were calculated in the range of 1.45–3.23 for visible region (400–700 nm). Obtained results reveal that direct optical band gap changed between 2.62 and 2.68 eV and indirect optical band gap changed between 1.67 and 1.77 eV. Additionally, optical electronegativity, optical dielectric constants, surface and volume energy loss functions, nonlinear refractive index, linear optical susceptibility, third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, optical and electrical conductivity, and loss tangent values were calculated and discussed in detail. It was found that each parameter studied is dependent on the cycle numbers. Also, it can be stated that Fe2O3 thin films are promising candidate for solar cells and optoelectronic device technology.

Anisotropic optical responses of layered thallium arsenic sulfosalt gillulyite

Multi-element two-dimensional (2D) materials hold great promise in the context of tailoring the physical and chemical properties of the materials via stoichiometric engineering. However, the rational and controllable synthesis of complex 2D materials remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of large-area thin quaternary 2D material flakes via mechanical exfoliation from a naturally occurring bulk crystal named gillulyite. Furthermore, the anisotropic linear and nonlinear optical properties including anisotropic Raman scattering, linear dichroism, and anisotropic third-harmonic generation (THG) of the exfoliated gillulyite flakes are investigated. The observed highly anisotropic optical properties originate from the reduced in-plane crystal symmetry. Additionally, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of gillulyite crystal is retrieved from the measured thickness-dependent THG emission. We anticipate that the demonstrated strong anisotropic linear and nonlinear optical responses of gillulyite crystal will facilitate the better understanding of light-matter interaction in quaternary 2D materials and its implications in technological innovations such as photodetectors, frequency modulators, nonlinear optical signal processors, and solar cell applications.

Polarization-dependent optical responses in natural 2D layered mineral teallite

Multi-element layered materials enable the use of stoichiometric variation to engineer their optical responses at subwavelength scale. In this regard, naturally occurring van der Waals minerals allow us to harness a wide range of chemical compositions, crystal structures and lattice symmetries for layered materials under atomically thin limit. Recently, one type of naturally occurring sulfide mineral, ternary teallite has attained significant interest in the context of thermoelectric, optoelectronic, and photovoltaic applications, but understanding of light-matter interactions in such ternary teallite crystals is scarcely available. Herein, polarization-dependent linear and nonlinear optical responses in mechanically exfoliated teallite crystals are investigated including anisotropic Raman modes, wavelength-dependent linear dichroism, optical band gap evolution, and anisotropic third-harmonic generation (THG). Furthermore, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of teallite crystal is estimated using the thickness-dependent THG emission process. We anticipate that our findings will open the avenue to a better understanding of the tailored light-matter interactions in complex multi-element layered materials and their implications in optical sensors, frequency modulators, integrated photonic circuits, and other nonlinear signal processing applications.

Observation of high nonlinearity in Bi doped BixIn35-xSe65 thin films with annealing

The present work demonstrates the impact of thermal annealing on the structural, linear, and non-linear optical characteristics of thermally evaporated BixIn35-xSe65 (x = 0, 5, 10, 15 at%) thin films. The prominent crystalline phases have been developed for all annealed films at 450 °C whereas the films remain amorphous at 350 °C annealing. The XRD and Raman analysis showed the phase transformation of Bi-doped films and new Bi2Se3 phases developed upon annealing at 450 °C. The phase transformation induced change increased the linear and nonlinear properties with great extent as seen from the UV–visible optical studies. The direct and indirect optical bandgaps decreased with annealing temperature and also with Bi % content due to the formation of surface dangling bonds near the crystallite sites. The static linear refractive index and high-frequency dielectric constants were increased with annealing. The third-order non-linear susceptibility and non-linear refractive index were found to be greatly influenced by annealing temperature and increased with bismuth content. The FESEM micrographs also showed the phase transformation and EDX analysis showed the composition. The results obtained from the materials showed the potentiality to be useful for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications.

Comprehensive study of -Alanine passivated colloidal gold nanoparticles and GNP-PVP thin films: Linear optical properties and very large nonlinear refractive index, absorption coefficient, third-order nonlinear susceptibility measurements and effect of passivation

We synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) stabilized in various concentration of l-alanine by chemical reduction method. We measured NLO responses of GNPs when they are dispersed in the l-alanine stabilizer with 1, 2.5 and 5 mM concentrations and when they are implanted into the PVP matix, by using single beam Z- Scan technique with 632 nm He–Ne CW laser for excitation. GNPs exhibited blue shift in localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak with the l-alanine concentration. The fcc structured GNPs of reducing size with the stabilizer concentration were obtained and characterized by the TEM as well as XRD. The FTIR spectral investigation revealed the formation of strong bond between the surface of GNPs and the l-alanine functional groups and established that l-alanine is very good candidate for stabilization of MNPs. It was observed that these samples show very large nonlinear refractive index, absorption coefficient and third-order nonlinear susceptibility in the order of 10−8cm2W−1, 10−6 cmW−1 and 10−9esu respectively for colloidal suspension of GNPs, and for the GNP-PVP thin films these parameter values were found in the order of 10−6cm2W−1, 10−5cmW−1and 10−6esu respectively. The thermally stimulated, l-alanine concentration dependant, very large NLO responses attributed to the local field effect from Mie resonance and thermal lensing effect originated from thermo-optic phenomenon. The obtained results validate the influence of the stabilizer (l-alanine) on NLO properties.

Experimental investigation to determine the optical properties of (Fe2O3)1-x(NiO)x thin films prepared by PLD technique for NLO applications

In this work, we have synthesized (Fe2O3)1-x: (NiO)x thin films by pulsed laser deposition, then study the impact of NiO doping concentrations on the linear and nonlinear optical characteristics. The optical properties were investigated by the UV–visible spectrophotometer. The transmittance was influenced by NiO doping concentrations as well as the absorption and extinction coefficients. Moreover, the band gap was found to decrease from 2.69371 to 2.41751 eV with increasing NiO contents in the Fe2O3 matrix. Furthermore, the nonlinear optical parameters were estimated based on the Wemple-DiDomenico model, the single-oscillator energy was increased from 2.29 to 2.86 eV as the dispersion energy was found to increase from 8.04 to 16.72 eV by increasing NiO doping concentrations, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility was found to increase in the doped films from 1.04 × 10–12 to 7.96 × 10–12 esu. The best result was achieved in (Fe2O3)0.98: (NiO)0.02 thin film where the highest nonlinear optical constants were obtained which make it a potential candidate in nonlinear optics (NLO) applications.

Specific complex-oxide crystals with strong nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction as promising optical materials

In the present work the third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the complex-oxides crystals, including nonlinear absorption (NLA) and nonlinear refraction (NLR) are performed by the Z-scan technique. The non-centrosymmetric lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and lithium tantalite (LiTaO3) and centrosymmetric cadmium tungstate (CdWO4), calcium tungstate (CaWO4) and calcium molybdate (CaMoO4) single crystals were used for experimental investigation. The main nonlinear optical parameters, such as the two-photon absorption coefficient β, the nonlinear refractive index n2 and third-order nonlinear susceptibility for all investigated crystals are evaluated at different wavelengths λ: 1064 nm and 532 nm. Herein, the influence of λ and crystal orientation of third-order NLO properties on complex-oxides crystals is discussed.

Ge2Sb2Te5-based nanocavity metasurface for enhancement of third harmonic generation

The third-order nonlinear processes in nanophotonic devices may have great potentials for developing ultra-compact nonlinear optical sources, ultrafast optical switches and modulators, etc. It is known that the performance of the nonlinear nanophotonic devices strongly relies on the optical resonances and the selection of appropriate nonlinear materials. Here, we demonstrate that the third harmonic generations (THG) can be greatly enhanced at subwavelength scale by incorporating α-Ge2Sb2Te5 (α-GST) into the nanocavity metasurface. Under pumping of a near-infrared femtosecond laser, the THG from the nanocavity metasurface is ∼50 times stronger than that from the bare GST planar film. In addition, the nanocavity metasurface also provides a powerful platform for characterizing the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the active medium in the cavity. We expect that the GST-based nanocavity metasurface could open new routes for achieving high efficiency nonlinear nanophotonic devices.

A systematic investigation on structural, electrical, linear and nonlinear optical properties of Zn:CdO thin films for optoelectronic applications

In the present work, a systematic study on structural, electrical, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of Zn doped CdO thin films prepared by Spray Pyrolysis (SP) technique is reported. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed the cubic, wurtzite structure, and polycrystalline nature of all the films. The observed results showed a decrease in lattice constant and unit cell volume with an increase in Zn doping concentration. Morphology study confirms uniform distribution of spherical grain-like structure with small voids. An increase in direct and indirect bandgap is observed with doping concentration up to 5 wt%, and the trend reverses at higher concentration. The significant effect of Zn doping on optical parameters such as absorption coefficient, extension coefficient, refractive index, optical dielectric constant, and optical conductivities are calculated for all thin films. Further, the optical studies were used to analyze the linear susceptibility, third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, and nonlinear refractive index of the films. The observed values for χ(1),χ(3) and n2 are in the range from 0.03 to 0.09 esu, 3.51×10−16 to 1.02×10−14 esu, and 1.09×10−14 to 2.67×10−13 esu for pure and Zn doped thin films respectively. Hall coefficient and electrical studies indicate that the Zn doping influences the electrical properties. An n-type and ohmic behavior is also observed for these films. Optical and electrical results suggest that these Zn:CdO films can be a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications.

Synthesis and Third-Order Nonlinear Synergistic Effect of ZrO2/RGO Composites.

Tuning the third-order nonlinear properties of graphene by hybrid method is of great significance in nonlinear optics research. ZrO2/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites with different ZrO2 concentrations were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure show that ZrO2 nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of graphene nanosheets. The nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics of composites with different ZrO2 concentrations were studied by the Z-scan technique of 532 nm picosecond pulsed laser. The results showed that ZrO2/RGO composites had saturated absorption and positive nonlinear refraction characteristics. Meanwhile, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the ZrO2/RGO composite with a 4:1 mass ratio of ZrO2 to graphene oxide could reach 23.23 × 10−12 esu, which increased tenfold compared to RGO, and the nonlinear modulation depth reached 11.22%. Therefore, the NLO characteristics could be effectively adjusted by controlling the concentration of ZrO2, which lays a foundation for further research on the application of ZrO2/RGO composites in NLO devices.

Relating the crystal structure and third-order nonlinear susceptibility of a new Neolignan derivative

Theoretical results for electronic properties of a synthesized nitro chalcone with a neolignan moiety (NOPP) whose crystal structure was elucidated by using Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction (SCXRD) are presented. The NOPP crystal structure suggests that its potential for nonlinear applications is related to the chalcone moiety planarity and that the lamellar NOPP crystal packing along with dimer formation maximize the electronic properties. The in-crystal absorption spectrum and static and dynamic electric properties were determined by applying a supermolecule approach in combination with an iterative electrostatic scheme, in which the surrounding molecules are represented by point charges. It is found that the environment polarization effect is mild for absorption spectrum and linear polarizability, but it is marked for second hyperpolarizability of NOPP molecule. Estimates of macroscopic quantities from the results of an explicit unit cell of crystal, including environment polarization effect and partially the exchange and dispersion effects, are presented. The results illustrate the role played by these interactions on the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the NOPP crystal, and a theoretical (λ=532nm) prediction of 2.81×10−20 (m/V)2 for χ(3)(−ω;ω,ω,ω) suggests that the NOPP crystal is a very promising NLO material.

Nonresonant CARS Imaging of Porous and Solid Silicon Nanoparticles in Human Cells.

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), a nonlinear optical method for rapid visualization of biological objects, represents a progressive tool in biology and medicine to explore cells and tissue structures in living systems and biopsies. In this study, we report efficient nonresonant CARS imaging of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) in human cells as a proof of concept. As both bulk and porous silicon exhibit a high third-order nonlinear susceptibility, χ(3), which is responsible for the CARS intensity, it is possible to visualize the SiNPs without specific labels. Porous and solid SiNPs were obtained from layers of porous and nonporous silicon nanowires and mesoporous silicon. Electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy showed that porous SiNPs consisted of ∼3 nm silicon nanocrystals (nc-Si) and pores, whereas solid nanoparticles comprised ∼30 nm nc-Si. All types of SiNPs were nontoxic at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL after 24 h of incubation with cells. We demonstrated that although nc-Si possesses a distinguished narrow Raman band of about 520 cm-1, it is possible to detect a high CARS signal from SiNPs in the epi-direction even in a nonresonant regime. 3D CARS images showed that all types of studied SiNPs were visualized as bright spots inside the cytoplasm of cells after 3-6 h of incubation because of the contrast provided by the high third-order nonlinear susceptibility of SiNPs, which is 1 × 104 to 1 × 105 times higher than that of water and typical biological media. Overall, CARS microscopy can provide localization of SiNPs within biological structures at the cellular level and can be a powerful tool for in vitro monitoring of silicon-based drug delivery systems or use SiNPs as labels to monitor various bioprocesses inside living cells.

Interpenetrated Metal-Porphyrinic Framework for Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Limiting.

Structural interpenetration in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) significantly impacts on their properties and functionalities. However, understanding the interpenetration on third-order nonlinear optics (NLO) of MOFs have not been reported to date. Herein, we report two 3D porphyrinic MOFs, a 2-fold interpenetrated [Zn2(TPyP)(AC)2] (ZnTPyP-1) and a noninterpenetrated [Zn3(TPyP)(H2O)2(C2O4)2] (ZnTPyP-2), constructed from 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP(H2)) and Zn(NO3)2 (AC = acetate, C2O4 = oxalate). ZnTPyP-1 achieves excellent optical limiting (OL) performance with a giant nonlinear absorption coefficient (3.61 × 106 cm/GW) and large third-order susceptibility (7.73 × 10-7 esu), which is much better than ZnTPyP-2 and other reported OL materials. The corresponding MOFs nanosheets are dispersed into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to form highly transparent and flexible MOFs/PDMS glasses for practical OL application. In addition, the OL response optimized by adjusting the MOFs concentration in the PDMS matrix and the type of metalloporphyrin are discussed in the ZnTPyP-1 system. The theoretical calculation confirmed that the abundant π-π interaction from porphyrinic groups in the interpenetrated framework increased the electron delocalization/transfer and boosted the OL performance. This study opens a new avenue to enhance OL performance by the construction of interpenetrated structures and provides a new approach for the preparation of transparent and flexible MOF composites in nonlinear optical applications.

X-ray third-order nonlinear asymmetric diffraction in the transmission geometry

For high intensity x-ray sources, the investigations of the nonlinear x-ray effects become essential. The x-ray third-order nonlinear asymmetric transmission case dynamical diffraction is investigated theoretically in perfect crystals. The three essential input parameters are taken into account: the deviation from the Bragg exact orientation, the asymmetry angle of reflecting atomic planes and the intensity of incident wave. The third-order nonlinear equations for the asymmetrical dynamical diffraction and two integrals of motion are presented. The exact solutions for the wave amplitudes, presented via Jacobi elliptic functions, have been found. The solutions are periodic functions of the depth. It is shown that the behavior of the waves inside the crystal is determined by the sign of a combined parameter, which includes the three input parameters, mentioned above. The regions, where this parameter is positive, negative or zero, are found. For positive values, the energy is concentrated both in the transmitted and diffracted waves while for the negative values, the energy is concentrated mainly in the transmitted beam. It is found that when this combined parameter is zero, the amplitudes are elementary periodic or non-periodic functions. For the periodic solutions, the nonlinear Pendellösung effect takes place, i.e. the transmitted and diffracted waves periodically exchange with their energies. For the period, called an extinction length, an exact expression is found. It is shown that for large values of the asymmetry factor, the observation of the nonlinear diffraction effects can be realized for sufficiently low intensities of the incident wave. The obtained results can be used for experimental investigation of the nonlinear Bragg diffraction and for preparation of high intensity x-ray beams with given parameters. The expression for the nonlinear extinction length allows to estimate the third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of crystals by measuring the extinction length in experiments.

Synthesis, Growth, Structural and Physicochemical Properties of a Novel Linear and Nonlinear UV-Optical Single-Crystal for Photonic Applications: [Ba(C14H20O5)2.Co(SCN)4

The hybrid nonlinear optical crystal of barium (II)-dibenzo-15-crown-5-ether-cobalt (II)-tetra-thiocyanate (BDBCCTC) single crystal with a dimension of 15 × 5 × 3 mm3 was grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The title compound of BDBCCTC belongs to a monoclinic system with a space group of P21/n. The calculated lattice parameters are a = 12.05 (19) Å, b = 20.20 (3) Å, c = 17.36 (3) Å, α = γ = 90˚, β = 101˚, Z = 4 and volume V = 4150 Å3 which are calculated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology and presence of the elements have been identified by FE-SEM and EDAX studies. Additionally, the reverse growth rate of the grown single-crystal was absorbed by etch pits patterns. The C-N stretching vibration modes and other functional groups were identified by FT-IR which are further verified by micro-Raman spectral analysis. The optical bandgap was found to be 3.24 eV by Tauc’s relation. Furthermore, the estimation of solid-state parameters, such as valence electron (Ev = 283), plasma energy ( = 19.384 eV), Penn gap energy ( = 1.823 eV) and Fermi energy (E f = 15.199 eV), have been calculated by standard empirical relation. The thermal stability of the grown BDBCCTC was found to be 352 °C. Moreover, Vickers’s hardness measurement reveals that the grown BDBCCTC compound can be categorized into hard material with n = 0.825. The third-order nonlinear optical properties, such as nonlinear refractive index (), nonlinear absorption coefficient, and third-order nonlinear susceptibility were also determined grown BDBCCTC single crystal exhibits high thermal stability, and moderate by linear transmittance which turn into be a potential candidate for NLO applications such as short pulse generators, pulse shaping, power spreading, and optical limiter.

Synthesis, structure and optical properties of Ge26InxSe74-x thin films for photonic applications

Ge26InxSe74-x thin films were deposited through thermal evaporation process on glass substrates. The characterization of the deposited films have been done by x−ray diffraction [XRD], field emission scanning electron microscope [FESEM] and energy dispersive x−ray spectroscopy [EDX]. The optical properties were also studied by using transmittance and reflectance. Each of absorption coefficient, optical band gap and refractive index were calculated. It is found that the addition of In content decreases the optical band gap. Furthermore, the refractive index was analyzed on the basis of Wemple–Didomenico model. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility and the nonlinear refractive index were estimated for investigated films.

Effect of non-annealed and annealed ZnO on the optical properties of PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films

The goal of this study was to investigate the optical properties of the prepared polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposite films. The PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films consist of the addition of different concentrations with both non-annealed ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles annealed at temperature of 700°C. The PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films by weight concentrations of (0 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, 5 wt.% and 10 wt.%) have been prepared by the casting method. The optical absorbance and transmittance values of the composites films were measured in the wavelength range between (250 to 1100 nm) at room temperature by using the UV-1800 Shimadzu spectrophotometer. The optical properties (absorption coefficient, dielectric constant, refractive index, and optical conductivity) have been investigated by the ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. The optical parameters (direct optical energy gap, excitation energy for electronic transitions, the dispersion energy, static refractive index, static dielectric constant, optical oscillator strengths, the moments of optical spectrum, linear optical susceptibility, third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, nonlinear refractive index, high-frequency dielectric constant, the carrier concentration to the effective mass ratio, the long wavelength refractive index and the plasma frequency) were calculated. The results showed that the optical properties behavior of the PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films was found to be dependent on the ZnO concentration, and photon wavelength. In addition, the results of the study show that the optical parameters can be influenced by alter the concentration of the nonannealed and annealed a ZnO nanoparticle in the PVC polymer matrix.

Phenomenological model of the third-harmonic magnetic response due to superconducting fluctuations: Application to Sr2RuO4

We employ the phenomenological Lawrence-Doniach model to compute the contributions of the superconducting fluctuations to the third-harmonic magnetic response, denoted here by $\overline{M_{3}}$, which can be measured in a precise way using ac magnetic fields and lock-in techniques. We show that, in an intermediate temperature regime, this quantity behaves as the third-order nonlinear susceptibility, which shows a power-law dependence with the reduced temperature $\epsilon=\frac{T-T_{c}}{T_{c}}$ as $\epsilon^{-5/2}$. Very close to $T_{c}$, however, $\overline{M_{3}}$ saturates due to the nonzero amplitude of the ac field. We compare our theoretical results with experimental data for three conventional superconductors -- lead, niobium, and vanadium -- and for the unconventional superconductor Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$ (SRO). We find good agreement between theory and experiment for the elemental superconductors, although the theoretical values for the critical field systematically deviate from the experimental ones. In the case of SRO, however, the phenomenological model completely fails to describe the data, as the third-harmonic response remains sizable over a much wider reduced temperature range compared to Pb, Nb, and V. We show that an inhomogeneous distribution of $T_{c}$ can partially account for this discrepancy, since regions with a locally higher $T_{c}$ contribute to the fluctuation $\overline{M_{3}}$ significantly more than regions with the "nominal" $T_{c}$ of the clean system. However, the exponential temperature dependence of $\overline{M_{3}}$ first reported in Ref. [3] is not captured by the model with inhomogeneity. We conclude that, while inhomogeneity is an important ingredient to understand the superconducting fluctuations of SRO and other perovskite superconductors, additional effects may be at play, such as non-Gaussian fluctuations or rare-region effects.

Synthesis, growth and investigation of an efficient nonlinear optical single crystal: Glycine potassium iodide

• GPI single crystals were grown by slow evaporation method. • Functional groups of the crystal were identified by FTIR spectral analysis. • The SHG efficiency is 0.89 times that of KDP. • Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ 3 ) was found to be 3.79 × 10 −6 esu. Using the slow solvent evaporation method with deionized water as the solvent, a single crystal of glycine potassium iodide (GPI) was grown at room temperature. The GPI crystal belongs with space group Cc to the monoclinic system. Functional groups present in the sample were identified by FTIR spectral analysis. The crystals were further characterized by UV-Vis NIR transmission spectrum in the range of 250–1100 nm. Second Harmonic Generation was validated in the Kurtz-Perry powder technique. The Z-scan experiment was being used to assess the nonlinear absorption coefficient, nonlinear refractive index and third-order nonlinear susceptibility to explore GPI crystal third-order NLO behavior. The photoconductivity study confirms the grown crystal is positive photoconductivity. The grown crystal suitability for nonlinear optical applications was confirmed through characterization studies.