Structure Of Thin Layers Research Articles

Heat Transfer with Phase Change in a Multilayer Construction: Simulation versus Experiment

The latent heat storage in the layer of phase change material (PCM) exposed to dynamic changes in boundary temperature was investigated numerically and experimentally. The original numerical model of heat transfer with phase change using a mushy volume approach was proposed and validated. The main improvement in the proposed model in comparison to others is that the compaction of the mesh and longitude of the time step were chosen after analysis of its impact in the field of error. The model was tested in the case of thin layer structure of the triple glazing window with one cavity filled with phase change material paraffin RT18HC. The experimental validation was carried out in the climatic chamber under dynamic changes in external temperature (from 10 to 50 °C) in a daily cycle. The highest accuracy was obtained for space discretization of the control volume 1 mm thick (12 CV for 12 mm of PCM layer) and 5 min time step. The obtained RMSE values, although they cannot be directly compared because of the very different approaches to the simulations, show that the proposed algorithm is sufficiently accurate for the assessment of energy storage in the PCM window. Both the simulation and experiment proved that, under specific conditions, implementation of the PCM into the structure resulted in delaying the peak for around 4 h.

The 3D Printing of Freestanding PLLA Thin Layers and Improving First Layer Consistency through the Introduction of Sacrificial PVA

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an inexpensive way of producing objects through a programmed layer-by-layer deposition. For multi-layer, macro-scaled prints, acceptable printing is achieved provided, amongst other factors, first layer adhesion is sufficient to fix a part to the surface during printing. However, in the deposition of structures with a single or few layers, first layer consistency is significantly more important and is an issue that has been previously overlooked. As layer-to-bed adhesion is prioritised in first layer printing, thin layer structures are difficult to remove without damage. The deposition of controllable thin structures has potential in tissue engineering through the use of bioactive filaments and incorporation of microfeatures into complex, patient-specific scaffolds. This paper presents techniques to progress the deposition of thin, reproducible structures. The linear thickness variation of 3D-printed single PVA and PLLA layers is presented as a function of extrusion factor and the programmed vertical distance moved by the nozzle between layers (the layer separation). A sacrificial PVA layer is shown to significantly improve first layer consistency, reducing the onus on fine printer calibration in the deposition of single layers. In this way, the linear variation in printed single PLLA layers with bed deviation is drastically reduced. Further, this technique is used to demonstrate the printing of freestanding thin layers of ~25 µm in thickness.

Evaluation of the catalytic activity of graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical sensing of T1R2-Rebaudioside A complex supported by in silico methods

Abstract Herein, we report on the performance of graphene oxide (GOx) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on a platinum (Pt) electrode, immobilized with the human T1R2 sweet taste receptor subunit for the detection of rebaudioside A (Reb-A). The characterization studies performed in this work confirmed the thin-layered structure of GOx and the polydispersed nature of ZnONPs. The elucidation of the mass loss observed by TGA demonstrates the stability of GOx. The cyclic voltammetry results for Pt/GOx revealed good catalytic activity over Pt/ZnONPs for adsorption of the T1R2-Reb-A complex. In addition, a series of computational modelling studies were carried out to better understand the surface adsorption phenomena of GOx and ZnONPs to mimic the layer-by-layer electrode modification strategies independently. The strongest interaction energy observed (−573 kcal mol−1) for the direct interaction of ZnONPs onto the Pt electrode surface, demonstrates a stronger adsorption in contrast to the GOx modified Pt electrode (−23 kcal mol−1). However, the overall results for the layered-nanocomposite revealed that the GOx (−256 kcal mol−1) were more strongly adsorbed in contrast to ZnONPs (−231 kcal mol−1) for the detection of the T1R2-ReB-A complex, demonstrating the reliability of our GOx electrode functionalization strategy. The results of this study can potentially be used to improve the design of rapid Reb-A sensors for the food and beverage industry.

Design solution for the thin-layer separation effect use of the suspension when washing metal-bearing sand at placer deposits

The technical solution for the thin-layer apparatus structures’ use in technological processes of polymineral sands enrichment as applied to alluvial deposits development is considered. Characteristic features of technological processes at sand washing, requirements to the equipment in mobile variant and comparative estimation of possibilities on typical thin-layer analogues’ use in extreme operating conditions of enrichment complexes of washing devices type are given. It is shown that massproduced thin-layer devices do not meet the specific requirements both in weight and dimensions and in absence of enrichment features to capture small and thin classes of valuable component from the resulting suspension flow. Proposed new technical solution of the apparatus on the basis of large diameter pipes has allowed to reduce the total weight and dimensions of the structure many times, which gave them a transportability factor with frequent change of washing locations. The adopted longitudinal configuration of the device makes it possible to set the double-thin-layer effect of separation of the suspension’s two-phase medium, which is used to form an enrichment function. Testing of prototypes in the production environment has shown that the use of hardware design process of water treatment based on the proposed thin-layer devices makes it possible to return 80–90% of process water to the turnover, bypassing the environmentally unstable groundwater sediment ponds. Physical modeling has shown that the design with two-contour flows of sediment layer additionally forms the effect of particle segregation with the subsequent lower part of the localized sludge cutting off. At the same time the technological efficiency of heavy fractions’ enrichment is provided up to 79,1% according to Hancock-Luiken formula.

Fe, Cu co-doped BiOBr with improved photocatalytic ability of pollutants degradation

Designing efficient photocatalysts is essential for improving photocatalytic performance. Separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers is one of the key factors affecting photocatalytic performance. Combining the construction of two-dimensional materials with elemental doping can further improve the separation of photogenerated carriers. As expected, the performance of the samples produced by Fe and Cu co-doping was superior to that of pure BiOBr and mono-doped samples, with significant improvements in the photocatalytic degradation of both rhodamine B and tetracycline. The dopant of excess metal element atoms can form impurity energy levels in the forbidden band that effectively facilitate the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers. Meanwhile, the thin-layer two-dimensional structure can effectively shorten the bulk charge carrier transmission distance and improve the transmission efficiency. This study not only provides a simple, green and low-cost method for combining iron and copper into composites materials at same time but also confirmed that the photocatalytic performance of BiOBr was strongly influenced by different Fe and Cu contents.

Computational assessment and experimental study of optical and thermoelectric properties of rutile SnO2 semiconductor

Throughout this research, the optical and thermoelectric properties of rutile SnO2 are investigated using the ab-initio method and the experimental measurements. Both phonon dispersion curve and dynamical stability of rutile SnO2 have been investigated. The high static value of dielectric constant (4.2LDA and 5.1GGA), and refractive index (2.1LDA and 3.01GGA) are determined. Thermoelectric properties of pure SnO2 such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and the figure of merit are calculated as a result of temperature within 300–700 K range. The obtained values show that the pure rutile SnO2 can be a good candidate for a thermoelectric application. The obtained results of the current investigation demonstrate a potential application of rutile SnO2 in many thermoelectric, optoelectronics, and photonic applications. Deposited by spray pyrolysis method, a (110) -oriented tetragonal crystal structure of SnO2 thin layer is confirmed by X-ray patterns. SnO2 thin layer demonstrates a high transparency >80% within IR range with an optical bandgap of 3.5 eV. Furthermore photoluminescence analysis reveals the blue (452 nm) emission and SEM, AFM observations confirm the nanostructure aspect of such layers with an average grain size of 100 nm.

Benchmarking of oxygen evolution catalysts on porous nickel supports

Summary Active and inexpensive oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts are needed for energy-efficient electrolysis applications. Objective comparison between OER catalysts has been blurred by the use of different supports and methods to evaluate performance. Here, we selected nine highly active transition-metal-based catalysts and described their synthesis, using a porous nickel foam and a new Ni-based dendritic material as the supports. We designed a standardized protocol to characterize and compare the catalysts in terms of structure, activity, density of active sites, and stability. NiFeSe- and CoFeSe-derived oxides showed the highest activities on our dendritic support, with low overpotentials of η100 ≈ 247 mV at 100 mA cm–2 in 1 M KOH. Stability evaluation showed no surface leaching for 8 h of electrolysis. This work highlights the most active anode materials and provides an easy way to increase the geometric current density of a catalyst by tuning the porosity of its support.

High-frequency cylindrical magnetic cloaks with thin layer structure

The article presents a design methodology of a thin layer, high-frequency cylindrical invisibility cloak intended for quasi-static magnetic fields. The proposed bilayer structure of a cloaking shell is synthesized using isotropic ferromagnetic and conductive materials. An analytical formula is derived to find the properties of a ferromagnetic layer in the wide frequency spectrum of an external time-harmonic magnetic field. The cloaking properties of the shell can be adjusted by the selection of conductive materials and estimated using an introduced formula. Analytical calculations are accompanied with numerical results of exemplary cloaking structures. The thin layer structures are able to maintain cloaking effect from a specific frequency, up to high frequencies of the magnetic field as long as displacement currents can be neglected. Additionally, the results of an experimental verification of the broadband magnetic cloak efficiency are reported. The cloaking shell composed of ferromagnetic polymer and conductive materials is subjected to the time-harmonic magnetic field. Three samples are presented and the magnetic field distortion, measured in the background area, is discussed. In order to obtain a desired effective electrical conductivity, a method of fabricating conductive layer, utilizing copper film on polytetrafluoroethylene base, is used. The experimental results are compared with both 3D and 2D numerical model of the cloak.

Preparation and Performance Analysis of Graphite Nanoparticle in Domestic Refrigerator

This article examines experimentally the performance of domestic refrigerators with isobutene (R600a) and graphite nano-lubricants as working fluids. Graphene has an extremely thin layer structure that fills the friction surfaces and reduces friction losses quickly. However, there is a lower coefficient of friction (COF) and higher thermal conductivity of nano-fluids generated using graphite in the base fluid. The graphite nanoparticles modified in the surface are verified to continuously suspend for a long period of time in the form of clusters. The refrigeration test examined the application of the graphite nano-lubricants in the domestic refrigerator with a volume concentration of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%. The findings show that nano-refrigerants in the refrigeration system work safely and normally. And also compressor and refrigerator output have been analyzed. Moreover, refrigerator energy usage decreased by 15.26%, 17.10%, and 21.16% with graphite nano-lubricant as a concentration of 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%, respectively.

Automation of a Thin-Layer Load-Bearing Structure Design on the Example of High Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (HALE UAV)

In the aerospace industry, thin-layer composites are increasingly used for load-bearing structures. When designing such composite structures, particular attention must be paid to the development of an appropriate geometric form of the structure to increase the structure’s load capacity and reduce the possibility of a loss of stability and harmful aeroelastic phenomena. For this reason, the use of knowledge-based engineering support methods is complicated. Software was developed to propose and quickly evaluate a thin-layer load-bearing structure using generative modeling methods to facilitate development of the initial concept of an aerospace load-bearing structure. Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis verifies and improves such structures. The most important contributions of the paper are a methodology for automating the design of ultralight and highly flexible aircraft structures with the use of generative modelling, proposing and verifying the form of generative models for selected fragments of the structure, especially wings, and integration of the use of generative models for iterative improvement of structures using low- and middle-fidelity methods of numerical verification.

First measurement using a nuclear emulsion detector of theνμcharged-current cross section on iron around the 1 GeV energy region

AbstractWe have carried out $\nu_{\mu}$ charged-current interaction measurement on iron using an emulsion detector exposed to the T2K neutrino beam in the J-PARC neutrino facility. The data samples correspond to $4.0 \times 10^{19}$ protons on target, and the neutrino mean energy is 1.49 GeV. The emulsion detector is suitable for precision measurements of charged particles produced in neutrino–iron interactions with a low momentum threshold thanks to a thin-layered structure and sub-$\mu$m spatial resolution. The charged particles are successfully detected, and their multiplicities are measured using the emulsion detector. The cross section was measured to be $\sigma^{\mathrm{Fe}}_{\mathrm{CC}} = (1.28 \pm 0.11({\mathrm{stat.}})^{+0.12}_{-0.11}({\mathrm{syst.}})) \times 10^{-38} \, {\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/{\mathrm{nucleon}}$. The cross section in a limited kinematic phase space of induced muons, $\theta_{\mu} < 45^{\circ}$ and $p_{\mu} > 400 \, {\rm MeV}/c$, on iron was $\sigma^{\mathrm{Fe}}_{\mathrm{CC \hspace{1mm} phase \hspace{0.5mm} space}} = (0.84 \pm 0.07({\mathrm{stat.}})^{+0.07}_{-0.06}({\mathrm{syst.}})) \times 10^{-38} \, {\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/{\mathrm{nucleon}}$. The cross-section results are consistent with previous values obtained via different techniques using the same beamline, and they are reproduced well by current neutrino interaction models. These results demonstrate the capability of the detector in the detailed measurement of neutrino–nucleus interactions around the 1 GeV energy region.

Fabrication of two-dimensional 3d transition metal oxides through template assisted cations hydrolysis method

With ample exposed active sites and fast reaction kinetics, thin layered 3d transition metal oxides have always been regarded as a promising candidate catalysts in the field for energy storage and conversion. Due to the complex coordination fields and highly hybridized metal-oxygen bonds, the generalized synthesis method of thin-layered 3d TMOs with large size is still lacking. Here, graphene oxide (GO) template-assisted method is developed to fabricate large-size two-dimensional 3d transition metal oxides (TMO), e.g. Mn2O3, Mn3O4, Fe2O3, Co3O4, CoO, NiO. The electrostatic attraction between electronegative GO templates and electropositive metal cations is used to confine the growth of hydroxide precursor along GO surface. The precise control of pH and temperature is essential for tailoring the balance between heterogeneous nucleation and heteroepitaxy growth which leads to different morphology, size and granularity of the final metal oxides. A mild annealing treatment of layered hydroxide precursor is necessary to achieve smooth and uniform surface morphology for thin layered TMO nanosheets. The unique advantages of these thin layered structures have been proved by the enhanced oxygen evolution reaction catalytic performance, because the distorted crystalline structure contributes to the oxygen exchange and accelerates the charge transfer process. Especially for thin layered Co3O4, it exhibits a superior OER activity with a low overpotential of 275 mV at 10 mA cm−2, even better than that of benchmark IrO2 electrocatalyst. This unique synthesis strategy is believed to facilitate the design and fabrication of advanced two-dimensional materials.

Additive manufacturing of thin electrolyte layers via inkjet printing of highly-stable ceramic inks

Inkjet printing is a promising alternative for the fabrication of thin film components for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its contactless, mask free, and controllable printing process. In order to obtain satisfying electrolyte thin layer structures in anode-supported SOFCs, the preparation of suitable electrolyte ceramic inks is a key. At present, such a kind of 8 mol% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (8YSZ) electrolyte ceramic ink with long-term stability and high solid loading (> 15 wt%) seems rare for precise inkjet printing, and a number of characterization and performance aspects of the inks, such as homogeneity, viscosity, and printability, should be studied. In this study, 8YSZ ceramic inks of varied compositions were developed for inkjet printing of SOFC ceramic electrolyte layers. The dispersing effect of two types of dispersants, i.e., polyacrylic acid ammonium (PAANH4) and polyacrylic acid (PAA), were compared. The results show that ultrasonic dispersion treatment can help effectively disperse the ceramic particles in the inks. PAANH4 has a better dispersion effect for the inks developed in this study. The inks show excellent printable performance in the actual printing process. The stability of the ink can be maintained for a storage period of over 30 days with the help of initial ultrasonic dispersion. Finally, micron-size thin 8YSZ electrolyte films were successfully fabricated through inkjet printing and sintering, based on the as-developed high solid loading 8YSZ inks (20 wt%). The films show fully dense and intact structural morphology and smooth interfacial bonding, offering an improved structural quality of electrolyte for enhanced SOFC performance.

Investigation of charge carrier mobility and recombination in PBDTTPD thin layer structures

Abstract In this paper we present investigation of hole transport properties in sandwich and OFET structures with single active layer of PBDTTPD (Poly[(5,6-dihydro-5-octyl-4,6-dioxo-4H-thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,3-diyl)[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl]]). Sandwich structures were investigated by photo-CELIV and TOF techniques, obtained results showed strongly time dependent hole mobility and non-Gaussian DOS tail. Photogenerated charge carrier decay experiment demonstrated that bimolecular recombination coefficient is smaller than calculated Langevin recombination coefficient and this was explained by faster holes escaping recombination area and not participating in Langevin recombination process. Organic field-effect transistor structure was investigated by current transients technique to find hole mobility near the dielectric layer and to study OTS treatment influence on hole transport. The study of hole mobility dependence on temperature was performed in order to evaluate energetic disorder of interface DOS in the channel of OFET structures.

Research on Thin Layer Structure Identification and Sedimentary Facies of Middle and Deep Layers Based on Reflection Coefficient Inversion—By Taking Dongying Formation of CFD Oilfield in Bohai Offshore as an Example

The sand layer B of Dongying Formation of CFD oilfield in Bohai offshore belongs to the middle deep layer of buried hill overlap deposit. Its reservoir distribution has the characteristics of large burial depth, thin thickness and rapidly lateral change. Because of low resolution of seismic data and overlying sand layer. It is difficult to identify and interpret the structure of sand layer accurately. The uncertainty of structure and reservoir restricts the fine development of B sand layer. In order to identify the top surface of reservoir effectively. The seismic data are processed by using the reflection coefficient inversion method. The results show that the inversion resolution of reflection coefficient is significantly higher than that of original data. The top surface of sand layer B and its overlying sand layer can be well identified and traced. Carrying out structural interpretation of B sand layer based on reflection coefficient inversion data and the microstructure and the formation tip extinction point are implemented. Based on the constraint of new interpretation level, the sedimentary facies plane distribution of B sand layer is described and make prediction of dominant reservoir development area in detail combining with sedimentary paleogeomorphology, along layer attribute section and limited drilling data. The research shows that the study area is mainly from the northwest material sources, the slope belt in the northwest is close to the lake shoreline with a gentle slope and shallow water depositional environment, which is located on the main transport and deposition channels. The shallow water gentle slope landform is suitable for forming large-area sand bar deposition, mainly composed of underwater distributary channel and debouch bars facies, which is the dominant reservoir development area. The research conclusion guides the deployment and implementation of the development well location effectively.

Annealing effect of sputter-grown Pt/Ni80Fe20/Pt sandwich trilayer films on Gilbert damping

The annealing effect of Pt/Permalloy(Py: Ni80Fe20)/Pt sandwich trilayer films on Gilbert damping was investigated through ferromagnetic resonance, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. We estimated the variation of the effective Gilbert damping constant with 30-min-post-annealing temperature in the range of Ta = 600–800 K. The damping constant for the as-grown sample was estimated to be αeff = 0.021, but it linearly increased with Ta until 700 K and then drastically increased by 4.5 times up to αeff = 0.093 at Ta = 800 K. Delicate analyses of the XRD and TEM data revealed that the damping constant in such a thin-layered structure is closely related to the structural characteristics of the interfaces and atomic intermixing through them. The linear increase in αeff in the range of Ta = 650–700 K was ascribed to the alloying/intermixing effect between the Pt and Py layers through both interfaces, whose effect was found to be related to the degradation of the Pt (111) texture. Meanwhile, in the range of Ta = 750–800 K, αeff further and rapidly increased relative to the values in the range of Ta = 650–700 K. Specifically, the 800-K-post-annealed sample showed that its damping constant was 4.5 times larger than that of the as-grown sample, its saturation magnetization decreased by ∼54%, and also that new stoichiometric compounds such as NiPt, FePt, and NiFePt appeared. TEM equipped with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy also revealed that Ta gives rise to atomic intermixing between the Pt and Py thin layers through both interfaces, resulting in interface shifting. This work provides the means to control the Gilbert damping constant and better to understand complex multi-layered structures in potential spintronic devices.

Origin of performance improvement in solution-processed indium–gallium–zinc-oxide thin-film transistors having thin active layer and asymmetric dual gate structure

In this paper, we report the electrical characteristics of thin active layer indium–gallium–zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (IGZO TFTs) having an asymmetric dual gate structure. It was observed that the performance of IGZO TFTs significantly improved when the TFT is operated in the dual gate mode though the performance of the top gate mode shows very poor performance of low field-effect mobility and large subthreshold slope. We found that the channel electrons are coupled in the bulk region when the active layer is very thin, and top gate biasing provides additional electrons to the coupled channel region, which improves the electrical performance of dual gate mode IGZO TFTs. Bias stress instability measurements also indicate that dual gate mode IGZO TFTs show better stability compared to the other mode because coupled electrons are mainly formed in the bulk region, which reduce the effect of interfacial defect density of states. Therefore, the improvements of performance of dual gate electrode IGZO TFTs can be realized regardless of the relatively poor performance of the top gate mode.

Geological justification for increasing the efficiency of development of deposits of hard-to-recover oil reserves in the collectors of the Tyumen arch of the Surgut (Western Siberia)

The article deals with the results of studies of the geological structure features of the US2 oil-bearing stratum in the upper part of Tyumen suite (a case study of the Surgut arch fields). Object US2 is represented by low-permeability reservoirs with complex facies variability and an uneven distribution of reservoir properties over area and section, characterized by a thin-layered structure. In this regard, the oil reserves of the US2 structure are naturally classified as hard-torecover, requiring additional work to further study its structure and features for effective development of oil reserves. The facies of river channels, riverbank shoals and sands of floodplain spills were identified, based on the analysis of geological and geophysical materials: 3D seismic survey, core studies, well testing data, sampling and dynamics of wells operation in the area of the deposits in the upper part of the US2 horizon. Based on the analysis of the detailed correlation, three types of section of the US2/1 formation were identified, differing in the nature of the reservoir spread. Based on the 3D seismic survey data, in order to clarify the structure of the US2 formation, a dynamic analysis of the attributes of the seismic record was carried out. Significant coefficients of cross-correlation between the dynamic characteristics and production parameters of the US2/1 formation were not obtained. It is necessary to develop optimal methods for exploration and clarification of the features of the geological structure and forecasting the distribution of reservoir properties, rational methods and approaches to the development of hard-to-recover reserves of Tyumen suite objects with a complex distribution of reservoir properties and variability of productive thicknesses.

A Study on rational well spacing for Producing Evaluation and Solution Scheme of the Water Injection in Northern Daqing Blocks

The inter of daqing oil field has already entered the period of high water cut,with the deepening of oil and gas field development technology,the current water flooding development objects in the high and moderate permeableness layers gradually transformed into poor thin layers, such reservoirs with the complicated structure have poor development benefits, but the remaining reserves of several million tons of the demonstrated reserves mainly exist in low permeability poor thin layers. The development well pattern deployment of thin and poor pay zones still have the problems of the imperfectly injection-prodction relation, poor water flooding wells driving, and low producing degree,and it is still difficult to employ the reservoirs with poor development. In order to improve the effect of oil development,and enhance the producing degree of low poor thin reservoirs with permeability,so that it can establish the effective driving energy system,the research on effective producing limitation and technology policy limitation of thin and poor pay zones need to strengthen. Through a lot of research abroad effective producing and rational development technology policy limitation research results on the thin and poor pay zones, based on the basis of previous word, the paper study the microscopic pore structure of thin and poor layers, and compares with the thick reservoirs, while carrying out the research on effective producing limitation and development technology policy limitation of thin and poor layers. On the basis of the standard model fitting the paper analyzed the plane and vertical distribution characteristics of the remaining and also discussed the rational well spacing for producing evaluation.

Emerging Chemical Functionalization of g-C3N4: Covalent/Noncovalent Modifications and Applications.

Atomically 2D thin-layered structures, such as graphene nanosheets, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4), hexagonal boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides are emerging as fascinating materials for a good array of domains owing to their rare physicochemical characteristics. In particular, graphitic carbon nitride has turned into a hot subject in the scientific community due to numerous qualities such as simple preparation, electrochemical properties, high adsorption capacity, good photochemical properties, thermal stability, and acid-alkali chemical resistance, etc. Basically, g-C3N4 is considered as a polymeric material consisting of N and C atoms forming a tri-s-triazine network connected by planar amino groups. In comparison with most C-based materials, g-C3N4 possesses electron-rich characteristics, basic moieties, and hydrogen-bonding groups owing to the presence of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms; therefore, it is taken into account as an interesting nominee to further complement carbon in applications of functional materials. Nevertheless, g-C3N4 has some intrinsic limitations and drawbacks mainly related to a relatively poor specific surface area, rapid charge recombination, a limited light absorption range, and a poor dispersibility in both aqueous and organic mediums. To overcome these shortcomings, numerous chemical modification approaches have been conducted with the aim of expanding the range of application of g-C3N4 and enhancing its properties. In the current review, the comprehensive survey is conducted on g-C3N4 chemical functionalization strategies including covalent and noncovalent approaches. Covalent approaches consist of establishing covalent linkage between the g-C3N4 structure and the chemical modifier such as oxidation/carboxylation, amidation, polymer grafting, etc., whereas the noncovalent approaches mainly consist of physical bonding and intermolecular interaction such as van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, π-π interactions, and so on. Furthermore, the preparation, characterization, and diverse applications of functionalized g-C3N4 in various domains are described and recapped. We believe that this work will inspire scientists and readers to conduct research with the aim of exploring other functionalization strategies for this material in numerous applications.