Niobium boride coating was produced on AISI 1020 steel by multicomponent boriding process. Boriding treatment at1000 °C for 4 h was followed by thermo-reactive diffusion technique at 1000 °C for 6 h under argon atmosphere. Microabrasive wear tests were carried out using SiC abrasive particles at slurry concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 g cm−3. Normal loads of 0.49 and 0.98 N were used. NbB and Nb5B6 phases were identified by XRD analysis. The niobium boride coating thickness was 2.0 ± 0.5 μm and its hardness was 1360 ± 200 HK0.01. Owing to the presence of a porous region on the niobium/iron boride layers the abrasive wear resistance decreased comparing to the borided and untreated AISI 1020 steel. Rolling abrasion was the main wear mechanism observed.