Synergy Theory Research Articles

Motivating Integration Processes in Entrepreneurial Structures

The article analyzes key theories, reasons for building and functioning of integrated entrepreneurial structures. The authors regard the essence of mergers and acquisitions (M & A) as economic phenomena dealing with capital concentration, which makes it possible to highlight their gradual complication with each stage of global economy development. They define the notion ‘integrated infrastructure of entrepreneurship’, which means a sum total of economic business units that reach mutual coordination in organizational-economic and financial-credit fields in order to resolve common problems and obtain synergy effect. The article studied two principle theories available in today’s economics substantiating benefits of company amalgamation through M & A into integrated business structures: the theory of synergy or the theory of added economic value growth and the theory of pride. By researching detailed classifications of reasons for M & A of companies, goals of integration agreements in view of their participants the classification of reasons was worked out by the following classification signs: reasons of current work efficiency, finance reasons and reasons for gaining competitive advantages. Specific features of home practice in the field of M & A operations were identified and characterized, which include bankruptcy and raiding.

The Value Relevance of ESG Practices in Japan and Malaysia: Moderating Roles of CSR Award, and Former CEO as a Board Chair

This study examines the impact of ESG practices and its three pillars on the stock price, and the moderating role of CSR award, and having an ex-CEO as a chairman on the ESG-value nexus in Japan and Malaysia. Based on a large sample of 538 observations from 2015–2019, we find a positive valuation effect of ESG practices in both countries, which are in line with stakeholder theory. We observe that the value relevance of ESG practice is significantly higher in Malaysia than in Japan. However, the market does not significantly value all three ESG pillars equally in Japan and Malaysia. Our study reveals that the social pillar is more dominant in Japan; whereas, in Malaysia, it is the environmental pillar that strongly influences market value. According to signaling theory, we find CSR award only moderates the market valuation of ESG in Malaysia. Based on positive synergy theory, we further suggest that when an ex-CEO sits as a chairman, it moderates the value relevance of ESG in Japan. Our study has practical implications for stakeholders including investors, policymakers, and managers. Our results suggest investors and regulators in the Indo-Pacific region need to distinguish between the three pillars of ESG practices and their consequences on the market price, before making an investment decision.

Optimization of Green Space Form Assessment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Cities under “Carbon Reduction - Quality Improvement” Green Innovation

Under the background of the “two-carbon” goal, balancing the demand for land for economic development and ensuring the ability of urban green ecological carbon sink is the key issue of urban sustainable development. Based on the synergy theory, this paper uses the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) method to calculate the area ratios of seven landscape types in 13 cities within the BeijingTianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, and forms an assessment system (factor evaluation) for green space forms of cities that are not carbon neutral, near carbon neutral and already carbon neutral based on relevant indexes, and then gives optimization suggestions: First, the larger the proportion of the area of urban construction land intersecting or contacting with natural patches and corridors, the easier it is to improve the carbon storage capacity of green space. Second, on the basis of ensuring a certain proportion of development space after, landscape types with a high degree of aggregation have a certain effect on the score improvement of the urban innovation index. Fourth on the basis of ensuring a certain proportion of development space, a reasonable ratio of green space between the core area and the fringe area is beneficial to the realization of the coordinated development mode of economy and ecology.

Trust Relationship with Suppliers, Collaborative Action, and Manufacturer Resilience in the COVID-19 Crisis.

Frequent emergencies highlight the importance of corporate resilience, and relationship governance behaviors have received much attention for improving firms' resilience. This study uses structural equation modeling to test hypotheses based on trust theory and synergy theory. It investigates the impact of the behavioral operations management approach of collaborative action on manufacturers' resilience in Chinese manufacturing firms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Environmental uncertainty is used as a moderating variable to explore its role between the trust relationship with suppliers and collaborative action, which are two types of relationship management behaviors. The results show that collaborative action positively affects each of the three stages of manufacturer resilience. Moreover, collaborative action mediates between the trust relationship with suppliers and the different dimensions of manufacturer resilience. Environmental uncertainty does not moderate the facilitative effect of the trust relationship with suppliers on collaborative action. This study examines the relational governance behavior of firms in the context of a particular Chinese culture to build a bridge between relational governance behavioral science and firm resilience management. This study tries to provide inspiration for managers to improve the risk management ability of manufacturing enterprises by using relationship management theory and behavioral science.

Numerical analysis of heat transfer characteristics in a flywheel energy storage system using jet cooling

A flywheel energy storage system (FESS), with its high efficiency, long life, and transient response characteristics, has a variety of applications, including for uninterrupted power supplies and renewable energy grids. The heat produced by the system as a result of power loss has a significant negative impact on the long-term stability in a vacuum environment. This paper proposes an impingement jet cooling structure with rotating axis to facilitate the heat dissipation of FESS. The implications of the cooling medium, nozzle length, cavity zone diameter, and nozzle diameter of the impingement jet cooling structure on flow and heat transfer performance are studied by field synergy theory. Additionally, the structural parameters are optimized using the response surface method. The Nusselt number, friction coefficient, field synergy angle, comprehensive coefficient of heat transfer, and temperature field are analyzed. Heat transfer can be improved by decreasing the diameter of the cavity zone, lengthening the nozzle, and increasing the nozzle diameter. The pressure drop of the optimized structure is at least 62.48% less than that of the unmodified structure, while the temperature increase of the cooling medium is nearly 3.5 times higher.

Experiment and simulation study on cavitation flow in pressure relief valve at different hydraulic oil temperatures

Hydraulic oil is the “blood” of hydraulic system, its high temperature in low-pressure hydraulic system would promote the development of cavitation and cause severe erosion of pressure relief valve. The influence of high oil temperature on the distribution of pressure field, velocity field and vapor volume fraction are discussed experimentally and numerically. The results show that with the increasing oil temperature, the viscosity of the oil decreases, and the flow rate increases, resulting the decreasing pressure at the orifice. Higher oil temperature promotes the occurrence of cavitation in the pressure relief valve, wider low-pressure zone could be found and cavitation bubble developed more fully and towards the valve core head. When the oil temperature increases from 303 K to 353 K, the cavitation intensity rises more sharply, but the growth rate of cavitation intensity increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing input pressure. Furthermore, based on the field synergy theory, the flow resistance and energy dissipation under different oil temperatures are evaluated. Both of large viscous dissipation and effective viscosity coefficient are mainly concentrated at the orifice, which are all effected by the oil temperature, so as to the characteristics of cavitation flow. The average field synergy cosine angle and the average viscosity coefficient decreases gradually with the increasing oil temperature, while the average vapor volume fraction increases. The energy dissipation is reduced by 3.3 × 107 (W m−3) while the hydraulic oil temperature increases from 303 K to 353 K. Appropriate hydraulic oil temperature could provide favourable working conditions for the pressure relief valve which is beneficial for extending the hydraulic system's service life.

Numerical Simulation of the Natural Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in a Square Cavity Based on Different Predictive Models for Single-Phase and Multiphase Flow Mixtures

Abstract The flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in a square cavity were simulated using single-phase and mixed-phase flow models, and the simulation results were compared with the corresponding experimental values. The effects of different prediction models for the thermal properties of nanofluids, Grashof number, and volume fraction on the Nusselt number were analyzed. The velocity and temperature distributions of the nanofluid and de-ionized water in the square cavity were compared, and the effects of the temperature and flow fields on the enhanced heat transfer were analyzed according to the field synergy theory. The results show that for the numerical simulation of convective heat transfer in water, both the single-phase flow models and multiphase flow mixing models had high prediction accuracy. For nanofluids, single-phase flow did not reflect the heat transfer characteristics well, and the simulation results of the single-phase flow model relied more strongly on a highly accurate prediction model for the physical parameters. The multiphase flow mixing model could better reflect the natural convective heat transfer properties of the nanofluids in a square cavity. The nanofluid could significantly improve the flow state in the square cavity, thereby facilitating enhanced convective heat transfer. When the concentration is 2% (Grashof number is 1 × 106), the average Nusselt number of the nanofluid is increased by 19.7% compared with the base fluid.

Experimental study on flow and heat transfer performance of condensing gas-fired boiler

In the process of energy utilization, a large amount of heat transfer needs to be realized through the heat exchange process. Therefore, the development of efficient enhanced heat exchange technology has important theoretical and application value for realizing the efficient utilization of energy and reducing pollutant emissions. Condensing heat exchanger is the core component of condensing water heater. Firstly, this paper analyses the development trend of condensing heat exchanger at home and abroad, and studies the heat exchange, pollutant emission and structural optimization design of condensing heat exchanger by using the gas water heater test-bed. Using the field synergy theory, the flow channel and fin structure of the heat exchanger are optimized. The series flow channel on the water side of the heat exchanger is optimized as the structure of first parallel and then series flow, so that the heat transfer capacity of the water side of the heat exchanger can be increased by 5.6% at the maximum, the reduction of NOx emission concentration is relatively less than 6.7%.

Development of a Wireless Multichannel Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Sensor System for Monitoring Muscle Activity

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology is a noninvasive technology that can detect the hemoglobin concentration in the shallow tissue of humans in the form of an optical signal and determine the muscle’s activation state based on the change of hemoglobin concentration. It has a broad application prospect in the biomedical and physiological signal analysis. There are specific requirements for the structure of NIRS sensors for different application scenarios. The muscle synergy theory explains that body movements are often accompanied by the cooperation of many different muscles. Therefore, a multichannel NIRS system is necessary for motion recognition. This article presents a distributed multichannel NIRS system. The wireless communication avoids the interference of signal lines, and the equipped upper computer system can display NIRS signals in real time. Our NIRS sensors have three different wavelengths of near-infrared light (750, 800, and 850 nm) and two photodiodes, which can effectively improve the sampling accuracy of the signal. Experimental verification and evaluation prove that our system’s performance and reliability are better than those of other NIRS systems. Finally, cuff occlusion and hand motion experiments demonstrated that blood flow and oxygen consumption are the two main factors that cause hemoglobin concentration changes. We offer a new scheme for NIRS signal analysis that uses the common mode and difference mode of Hb and HbO2, and the results demonstrate its superior performance. In future work, we will discuss the application and effect of the NIRS system in rehabilitation training.

Analysis of the Cooperative Carrying Capacity of Ulan Suhai Lake Based on the Coupled Water Resources–Water Environment–Water Ecology System

In order to maximize the carrying benefits of Ulan Suhai Lake and utilize the important role of the Inner Mongolia plateau lake basin in restoring its ecology and conserving water, the carrying capacity of the water resources, water environment, and water ecology of Ulan Suhai Lake was determined using system theory and synergy theory, and a 17-item evaluation index system of the three levels of the water resources, water environment, and water ecology (including the ice-covered period) was established using hierarchical analysis. In addition, a system dynamics model of the synergistic carrying capacity of the water resources–water environment–water ecology of Ulan Suhai Lake was constructed. A principal component analysis was conducted on the indicators of the Ulan Suhai Lake survey; six main sensitive factors were selected, and five simulation scenarios (status continuation mode, development continuation mode, conservation continuation mode, comprehensive mode I, and comprehensive mode II) were designed to regulate the configuration, taking into account the actual local development needs. Using 2014 as the base year and 2014–2020 as the validation period, a dynamic simulation analysis of the carrying capacity of the Ulan Suhai Lake from 2014 to 2050 was carried out. The results show that Ulan Suhai Lake has a poor carrying capacity level and a fragile carrying state. Three of the five simulated scenarios lead to severe water shortages, while the others affect economic growth. Considering these aspects, it was found that comprehensive mode I performed better, and for the configuration of this scheme, the following countermeasures, and suggestions to enhance the carrying capacity of the Ulan Suhai Lake are proposed. The rate of change in the industrial water use should be reduced by 20%, the discharge coefficients of the domestic and industrial wastewater should be reduced by 10% and 50%, respectively, the effective utilization coefficient of agricultural irrigation should be increased to 0.71, and the wastewater treatment rate should be increased by 30%. These measures can ensure the protection of the water resources while ensuring economic development.

Research on the competitive and synergistic evolution of the water-energy-food system in China

Water, energy, and food are essential and strategic resources for human well-being and socio-economic development and form the water-energy-food (WEF) system with competition and synergy. The competitive and synergistic evolution model was developed to remedy the limitations in quantitatively analyzing the tradeoffs and synergies of the WEF system. Firstly, an assessment model was developed for measuring the synergy and competition of the WEF system based on the order degree of each subsystem (That is, the development degree of each subsystem) and synergy theory. Then the synergy evolution model (SEM), with the help of a logistic model and accelerated genetic algorithm (AGA) model, was developed to measure and identify the steady-state. Furthermore, an empirical study was conducted with 30 provinces in China as examples. The results indicated that the food subsystem had the highest average order degree (0.347), followed by the energy subsystem (0.305), and the water subsystem had the lowest (0.281). The degree of order of the three subsystems exhibited an upward trend in time and has differences in the spatial distribution. Also, the results showed that synergistic, restrictive, and competitive relationships exist within the WEF system. Areas with competitive and restrictive relationships are mainly located in South China and North China, respectively, within the relationship between the water and energy subsystems. The entire country showed a restrictive relationship between the water and food subsystems. The energy and food subsystems showed that the eastern regions with relationship, while the western regions with competitive and restrictive relationship. Finally, effective measures (e.g., optimize the industrial structure, continuing to implement the strategy of “storing grain in the land and technology”, and to hold the arable land minimum) are suggested to achieve the WEF system coordinated and sustainable development. We believe that the assessment model is also applicable to assess the other complex and dynamic system worldwide that involve multiple factors.

A Conceptual Framework for Collaborative Development of Intelligent Construction and Building Industrialization

Digitalization drives the arrival of the era of intelligent construction, which greatly affects the development of construction industrialization. Due to the collaborative barriers between intelligent construction and building industrialization (ICBI), it is difficult for construction enterprises to participate in the actual engineering projects in this work. Achieving the collaborative development of ICBI has become a way to transform and upgrade the construction industry, and it has attracted more and more attention. However, the existing literature lacks consensus on the collaborative development of ICBI affecting the construction industry. In order to promote the theoretical research on the collaborative development of ICBI, this paper proposes a “mi” shaped conceptual framework so that readers can understand the operation law of ICBI collaboration and promote its healthy development. Therefore, based on the synergy theory, this paper extracts the contents of stakeholders’ collaboration, industrial collaboration, structural collaboration, construction technology upgrading, factor endowment upgrading, innovation service upgrading, and construction process upgrading. These seven items are summarized into four dimensions: dual drive, resource supply, collaborative operation, and trust guarantee, which indicate the direction of ICBI collaborative development. The research results will help to realize the industrialization of new buildings and promote the sustainable development of the construction industry.

Economic Research on Multiple Linear Regression in Fruit Market inspection and Management

Abstract Based on the hypothesis test of multiple regression models, this paper discusses three different implementation methods of permutation tests and analyzes their manifestations and application effects in regularization models. The two implementation methods are used for the first time to discover the Markov edge of the regularization model, which expands the application range of the replacement test method. The fruit market uses an e-commerce platform to connect farmers, leading enterprises, financial institutions, and logistics companies. Using information technology as a means, it uses the network to implement online transactions, online financing, online pledges, and online management to achieve information. New flow of finance, capital flow and logistics. Based on the theory of information asymmetry, system theory, and synergy theory, it is found that there is a linkage effect between the online supply of fresh agricultural products and the risk system. Various interest systems have affected the risks of online supply of fresh agricultural products by affecting the risks of financing companies, e-commerce platform risks, financial institution risks and other risks. The quantitative ridge regression model can well solve the shortcomings that MRLM-P cannot be applied to collinear data sets; on low-dimensional data sets, there is a classic regularization model of Markov edge discovery performance similar to MRLM-P; permutation The two newly-implemented implementation methods are slightly inferior to the previous implementation methods; Markov edge theory can effectively perform “dimensional reduction” operation on the spectral information matrix, and both correction models can well reflect the spectral information of the detection object. Dependence. information on platform financing companies, and assume regulatory responsibilities in the transaction process. Financial institutions should also carefully select cooperative e-commerce platforms and determine the appropriate financing rate based on the results of risk prediction, so as to effectively reduce the risk of online supply is of great significance.

Study on the Synergistic Effect of Regional Electronic Commerce and Regional Economy from the Perspective of Coupling

To measure the coordinated development level of a regional e-commerce and regional economy. Based on the analysis of the synergistic effect of a regional e-commerce and regional economic development, this paper constructs the index system, adopts the coupling method based on the analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method (AHP-EWM), and selects the order parameters of 9 regional e-commerce subsystems reflecting the development scale and development potential of e-commerce and 11 regional economic system order parameters reflecting the total economic output, economic structure, and economic benefits, constructs the synergy theory and synergy model), and uses the panel data samples of Beijing from 2013 to 2020 as the analysis. The results show that the degree of synergy between regional e-commerce and regional economy in Beijing presents an M-shaped development trend alternating increase and decrease and is generally in a low-level synergy state.

PERANAN DESA ADAT DALAM PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA DALUNG KECAMATAN KUTA UTARA KABUPATEN BADUNG PROVINSI BALI

This research was based on the increasment of the positive cases of COVID-19 which is absolutely huge cases. This afected towards the villagers economic which is the task of the traditional village in controlling, efforting, and serving the implementation of Parahyangan, Pawongan and Palemahan in Traditional Village therefore the role of the traditional village is exactly needed to conserve the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research aimed to know the role of traditional village in conserving the Covid-19 pandemic, also knowing the factors which are able to decrease the Pandemic case of Covid-19 and the effort that the traditional village to be done in conserving the Pandemic of Covid-19 at Dalung Village North Kuta District Badung Regency Bali Province. Normatively, this research refers to Bali Provincial Regulation Number 4 of 2019 about Traditional Village in Bali and teoritically this research refers to synergy theory by Stephen R. Covey. This research was qualitative using descriptive method and inductive approach. The technique of data gathered through interview, observation, and documentation. The technique of data analyzis was through data gathered, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The result of this research showed that the role of the traditional village in conserving the Pandemic of Covid-19 is already optimal which is showed by the amount case of Covid-19 has decreased, even though the obstacle is stil exist such as the people still disobey the health protocol, but this has been followed up by pecalang and giving sanctions for those who violate the Covid-19 health protocol.

Synergy Degree Evaluation of Stakeholder Engagement in Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case Study in Harbin, China

Municipal solid waste (MSW) has caused the increasing concern for environmental issues in recent years, and the wide engagement from all stakeholders of society has been involved in promoting integrated MSW management. Therefore, this study aims to identify the problems of dis-synergy among multi-stakeholders engaged in the integrated MSW management evolution, then contribute strategies to coordinated development of integrated MSW management system by bettering the engagement and interaction of different stakeholders combined with the region characteristics. From the perspective of the stakeholder theory and synergy theory, we constructed an integrated MSW management system with four stakeholder subsystems: governments, enterprises, residents, and NGO subsystems. We used integrated MSW management in Harbin as a case study and used the synergy degree model to estimate the system synergy degree from 2010 to 2019. Then, the synergetic development trend of integrated MSW management was studied, providing a feasible approach to boost the coordinated development of integrated MSW management in Harbin. The results were in concordance with the factual situation and pointed to integrated MSW management in Harbin and, although there is movement towards a more harmonious and orderly state over time, the government subsystem needs to be further reinforced.

Enhancement effects of the side blockage arrangement in the flow channel on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Flow field configuration critically affects the heat and mass transfer process in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which is a key factor to ensure efficient and stable operation of fuel cells. Side blockages arranged in the cathode flow channel is proposed for performance improving of PEMFC. Conventional straight, side blockage alternating with straight, side blockage flow channels are studied to analyze the effects of side blockages arrangement on the distribution of velocity, temperature, reactant concentration and water content and the performance of PEMFC. Results show that the O2 mole concentration in the flow field could be increased by the presence of side blockages, thus the convective mass transfer coefficient and performance are both improved. At current density of 2.0 A cm−2, the performance of PEMFC increases by 9.5%. In comparison to the straight flow channel, flow channels installing side blockage present about 1.5 K lower of the maximum temperature, more uniform temperature distribution and increased Nusselt number, indicating the enhancement of heat transfer. Based on field synergy theory, it’s found that the average angles describing the synergetic effect of heat transfer and mass transfer decrease with the installation of side blockages. This reveals the enhancement of the synergetic degree in heat and mass transfer processes under the turbulence of side blockages, which coincides with the improved performance of PEMFC.

AHP-CRITIC-Based Collaborative Benefit Analysis of Regional Energy and Economic Development

With the rapid changes in China's external economic environment, regional energy and economic problems have become increasingly prominent, and the research on the synergy between regional energy and economy has received more and more attention. From the perspective of system analysis, this paper constructs the index system of regional energy and regional economy and uses AHP-CRITIC (Analytic hierarchy process-Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method to calculate the coupling weight of indicators. The ordered model of the two subsystems of regional energy and economy and a composite system synergetic degree model are constructed based on synergy theory. Taking the relevant data on energy and economic development in Shanxi Province from 2010 to 2020 as samples, this research analyzes the synergetic development of regional energy and regional economy in Shanxi Province. The results show that the order degree of regional energy and economic subsystems in Shanxi Province shows an overall upward trend, but the synergy degree of the two systems shows a fluctuating trend of alternating increase and decrease. The stability of the development synergy effect is poor, and it is vulnerable to external environmental impacts. The endogenous synergistic development mechanism has not yet been formed.

Collaborative Analysis and Research on Marketing Risk and Enterprise Growth

To measure the level of synergy between marketing analysis and business growth, the existing literature is used to analyse the two perspectives of marketing risk and business growth and explore the possible links between the two based on synergy theory. A marketing management system and a business growth system are developed. The marketing system is based on seven indicators: cash ratio, asset turnover ratio, gearing ratio, current ratio, fixed asset turnover ratio, and higher technology share. The enterprise growth system is based on the growth rate of net asset income, the ratio of main earnings, the synchronization rate of main income and main profit growth, the capital preservation and appreciation rate, and the retention rate of profit retention. Corporate growth is inseparable from deep resource integration, of which marketing risk is a key part and the study of whether there is a link between the two systems of existence through the quantification of indicators and synergistic analysis of the linkage between the two.

Analysis on the Practical Logic of Agricultural Product E-commerce Platform Ecosystem under the Framework of Reconstruction and Regeneration

In the context of the development of "multi-chain integration" and "digital village", this paper is based on ecosystem theory, synergy theory, and dynamic capability theory, and constructs agricultural products electricity from four aspects: environmental attributes, structural analysis, operation mechanism, and platform goals. The theoretical analysis framework of the business platform ecosystem, and explore new ideas, new dimensions and new paradigms of the agricultural product e-commerce platform ecosystem. This paper believes that the agricultural product e-commerce platform ecosystem, as a system of resource integration, multiple symbiosis, multi-chain integration, and risk sharing, has weak adaptability to the external environment, unreasonable benefit distribution mechanism, difficulty in extending the industrial chain, and lagging information platform construction. Multiple Lockdown" dilemma. Based on this, it is proposed to realize the ecological, clustered and large-scale development of the e-commerce platform ecosystem from four aspects: integrating resource advantages, optimizing the external environment, extending the service chain, and building a reasonable profit distribution mechanism.