Theory Of Reproduction Research Articles

HABITUASI REMAJA PECANDU NARKOBA PADA YAYASAN REHABILITASI DHIRA SUMAN TRITOHA

Social deviations against adolescents are increasingly prevalent because of their curiosity to find identity so that for those who have the wrong association, it will have an impact on social deviations and become drug addicts. While drugs are increasing, there are not many people around to suggest addicts to rehabilitation. This study aims to identify and describe the habituation process of adolescent drug addicts at the stage of Mental, Narcotics, and Geriatrics rehabilitation at the Dhira Suman Tritoha Foundation. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods, observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results of the research in this matter were analyzed using Pierre Bordieu’s theory of Cultural Reproduction, showing that the Dhira Suman Tritoha rehabilitation foundation played a role in shaping the character of adolescent drug addicts through four aspects, namely (1) habitus: adaption of adolescent former drug addicts, (2) capital: there are four, namely economic capital (rehabilitation costs borne by parents of drug-addicted adolescent patients, social capital (establishment of the closeness of a relationship with one another in rehabilitation foundation), cultural capital (habituation in behavior is formed well), symbolic capital (providing self-control to adolescent addicted patients). (3) Arena: a form of struggle for drug addicts to recover, (4) Symbolic Violence: formation of the character of former drug addicts through control. Adolescent drug addicts during rehabilitation form good character and understanding of social norms.

Current demands in the Nepali electricity sector: For a social reproduction theory of infrastructure

This article uses work and state relations at a Nepali electricity office as a staging ground for bringing the labour of repair squarely into focus in the ethnography of infrastructure. A trio of electricians at the office had a torrid time trying to address an ever-increasing number of complaints. Customers were under the impression that the electricians were both lazy and slow, despite even compromising safety regulations to get more work done. Although the electricians’ jobs may be comparatively stable and privileged, they put their bodies on the line to service an often-unappreciative public. This shows that infrastructures are made of people, not simply constructed by them. This is often skirted over in the anthropology of infrastructure, which frames repair through its absence and insufficiency, in rare ethnographic engagements with those who do repair work. A suggested response to this deficiency is found in a social reproduction theory of infrastructure.

Unpacking Super-Exploitation in the 21st Century: The Struggles of Haitian Workers in Brazil

Emerging patterns of south–south migration and rapid economic growth in developing countries have highlighted the need for new conceptual contributions accounting for the experiences of migrant workers in the Global South. The concept of super-exploitation has been among those contributions with reference to appalling working conditions and the dependence of developing countries on the export of commodities. However, this article argues that the understanding of contemporary forms of super-exploitation experienced by migrant workers remains underdeveloped. Drawing upon 42 semi-structured interviews with Haitian workers in Brazil, this study makes an innovative contribution to the conceptualisation of super-exploitation in the 21st century, particularly from the perspective of social reproduction theory. This article argues that super-exploitation can be defined more accurately as a combination of economic and non-economic forces that entangle productive–reproductive–exploitative relationships, thereby shaping the dependence of workers on wages below the value necessary for their social reproduction.

Sorting Machines: Digital Technology and Categorical Inequality in Education

Existing scholarship suggests that schools do the work of social stratification by functioning as “sorting machines,” or institutions that determine which populations of students are provided educational resources needed to help them get ahead. We build on this theory of social reproduction by extending it to better understand how digital technology use is implicated in this process of unequal resource allocation in schools. We contend that educational resources, like digital technologies, are also sorted by schools. Drawing on scholarship from both education research and science and technology studies, we show how educational institutions have long played a role in constructing the value of technologies to different ends, by constructing hierarchies of technological activity, like “vocational” and “academic” computer use, even when strikingly similar. We then apply this lens to three areas of inquiry in education research: the use of digital technologies for instruction, school use of student data, and college admissions. Each illustrates how education scholars can view technologies as part of school sorting processes and with implications for inequality within and beyond the classroom.

Multidisciplinary Staffing in a Graduate Writing Center: Making Writing Labor Visible, Valued, and Shared

Writing studies and writing center scholars have recently focused much-needed attention on how graduate student writers are taught, mentored, and supported. This scholarship also points to a persistent and stubborn conundrum: Graduate students must write their way into disciplinary belonging, yet most advisors lack a language for, or even awareness of, the specialized practices and tacit expectations shaping written discourse in their fields. While graduate student–serving writing centers help fill this writing-support gap, a reliance on English and humanities graduate students for staff reproduces a status quo in which the genre awareness and rhetorical vocabulary needed to mentor advanced academic writers are neither widely distributed nor recognized and valued. This essay offers the counterexample of a graduate writing center whose consultants hail primarily from master’s and doctoral programs in the sciences and social sciences. Using feminist social reproduction theory to examine this case study of one graduate writing center, the authors explore how multidisciplinary staffing resists the enclaving of writing process and rhetorical knowledge and points to a future in which the responsibility for mentoring graduate student writers is visible, valued, and shared.

Revisiting social reproduction theory: Exploring the influence of economic and cultural capital on students’ achievement in China

• A study based on PISA 2018 database. • Multiple-case embedded research design. • Uncover that cultural capital exerts positive influence on students’ academic achievement mediated by habitus . • Reveal that China is under the process of stratification.

The embeddedness of visionary agency within the economic-cultural-capital formation: A case of Sino-Malaysian high school graduates

Drawing upon Bourdieu's cultural reproduction theory, this study sets out to examine the influence of agency on the practice of cultural capital. The technique of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was applied to analyze this influence on 960 graduates randomly sampled from 12 Chinese independent high schools in Malaysia. The results show that mothers’ qualifications and fathers’ occupations consistently contribute to students’ academic achievements. As these two variables are associated with the practice of cultural capital and the constitution of economic capital, respectively, the realization of cultural capital is geared by family socioeconomic status (SES) variables. These relations suggest that visionary agency performed by high SES parents is embedded within the economic-cultural-capital formation.

HISTORICAL RETROSPECTION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WITH PROBLEMS OF REPRODUCTION IN LIVESTOCK SCIENTISTS OF SCIENTISTS OF THE INSTITUTE OF LIVESTOCK INSTITUTE NAAS (XX CENTURY)

An attempt is made in the historical context to comprehensively assess the contribution of the Institute of Animal Husbandry NAAS in the development of biotechnology, to identify priority developments of scientists of the Department of Biotechnology of Reproduction of Farm Animals as one of the main domestic centers of research on farm animals. Track the evolution of industry basic and applied research as a result of the work of scientists in the scientific field for the needs of livestock practice. During the study period (1932-1999) the institution changed its name several times: Southern Institute of Dairy Science (1930-1934), Ukrainian Research Institute of Cattle (1934-1935), Ukrainian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry (1935-1956) , Research Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Forest-Steppe and Polissya of the Ukrainian SSR (1956–1992), Institute of Animal Husbandry of UAAS (1992–2010), now - Institute of Animal Husbandry of NAAS. The formation of scientific research on the problems of artificial insemination dates back to 1932-1941. In the period of postwar reconstruction (1946-1948), scientific topics are characterized by more in-depth development of topics and experiments. The period of the highest creative activity of scientists in 1949–1990 - the existing and new methods of artificial insemination were improved. With the opening of state breeding stations and artificial insemination stations, the widespread use of this method in the practice of animal husbandry began. IV Smirnov's work was the impetus for the development of methods for freezing and long-term storage of sperm of broodstock. Embryo transplant work has been developed. The embryo has been established to implement the latest advances in farm animal biotechnology and to significantly expand the scope of international scientific contacts. At the beginning of the period of revival of Ukrainian statehood: 1991 - 1999 the issues of animal reproduction theory and further improvement on this basis of technologies for obtaining, cryopreservation and use of gametes and zygotes in artificial insemination and embryo transplantation, as well as development of more efficient biological environments and technical means new technologies.

Sailing and insight reproduction of Geo-Socio-Cultural unity of Nusantara/Indonesia Maritime: A study focus of Maritime Anthropology

This paper aims to explain how Indonesia was conceptualized as the Indonesian Maritime Continent. From a geo-social perspective, maritime culture can be viewed in, three major dimensions. First, Indonesia is one of the largest archipelagic countries in the world with all the geographical potential, invaluable marine, and maritime resources; second, the potential for socio-cultural, socio-demographic, socio-economic, and long maritime cultural history within the framework of the unity of the Republic of Indonesia; and third, the existence of academic core and the maritime vision of Unhas, the idea of the Indonesian Maritime Continental Development which was launched by the government in 1995/1996, and the vision of maritime national development by President Joko Widodo marked the role of academics and governments in the dynamic process of development to the phase of maritime civilization in the future. In the context of developing maritime ethnographic studies and anthropological contributions to the development of maritime civilization in the future, ideas and academic commitment are needed to make the Indonesian Archipelagic State a large and unique area of maritime socio-cultural research development in the world and Southeast Asia in particular. Thus, interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, comparative, and multidisciplinary research is needed to carry out broadly and intensively. For this reason, through my inauguration speech for Professor of Anthropology in Hasanuddin University, I introduced a focus of maritime anthropology studies on sailing experiences and the reproduction of Nusantara/Indonesian maritime geo-socio-cultural insights. Through the application of the concept of experience and reproduction of maritime geo-socio-cultural insights which were developed from the concept of maritime ethos disposition theory of reproduction from A.H.J. Prins as a mode of description and analysis, I found the categories of maritime cultural insights and attitudes of Indonesian sailors. They understand most of the territorial waters of the Nusantara (archipelago) and the resources within as common property, a space for interaction between groups of sailors who are diverse in their maritime ethnicity and culture, which in turn strengthens awareness and recognition of the unity of the homeland, culture, and nation that is Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (unity in diversity).

Feminism for the 99% or Solidarity in the House of Difference? Intersectionality and Social Reproduction Theory

Intersectionality is often understood to exist primarily as a corrective to other emancipatory theories rather than as a theory in its own right. Social reproduction theory (SRT), a strain of Marxist feminism exemplified in this article by contributors to the volume Social Reproduction Theory – Remapping Class, Recentering Oppression published in 2017, is characterized by a self-understanding that involves incorporating intersectional insights as a reaction to Black feminist interventions. In this narrative, intersectionality itself becomes obsolete, serving first and foremost as a step on SRT’s dialectical journey to becoming a better theory. Allegedly undertheorized intersectional frameworks constitute an ever-present foil for SRT’s self-image as an emancipatory theory of the capitalist social whole. This narrative is problematized on multiple levels in this article. SRT and its depiction of intersectionality are summarized in the first part of the paper. The second part demonstrates, on the one hand, that a historicization of intersectionality as ‘intervening’ into Marxist feminist theories, adding an intersectional perspective to feminist analysis of capitalism, ignores the formative role of analyses of Black women’s position as working subjects within overarching capitalist structures in intersectional thought. On the other hand, SRT's narrative occludes practical and theoretical implications of a framework that explicitly theorizes resistance from the margins. Building on this critique of SRT’s understanding of intersectionality, the third part develops an intersectional notion of solidarity, thus showing that the ostensibly seamless integration of intersectional insights into SRT obfuscates a potentially fruitful tension between the two frameworks pertaining to their respective understandings of solidarity and social transformation.

Reflections on neo-Kaleckian growth regimes: a Marxian reproduction perspective

PurposeThe neo-Kaleckian model follows the ideas of Marx, Keynes and Kalecki, that investment is a key influencing factor in the dynamics of the capitalist mode of production. Through the discussion of different forms of investment decision function, this paper constructs the analysis framework of wage-led and profit-led economic growth regimes.Design/methodology/approachThe model has become an important theoretical paradigm for current Western heterodox economists regarding the research on the impact of functional income distribution on economic growth, and it has a very large impact on both theoretical and empirical research. Starting from Marx's reproduction theory, this article discusses the theoretical shortcomings of the neo-Kaleckian growth regime model.FindingsThis paper mainly focuses on three aspects: (1) the ideological legacy of “Smith's Dogma”; (2) neglecting the restrictions on income distribution from the organic composition of capital and the surplus value rate; (3) technological progress and the formation of a new long economic wave.Originality/valueThe authors believe that the neo-Kaleckian model unilaterally emphasizes the demand-side factors in the economy and, unconsciously or not, ignores the role of the supply-side, which makes it encounter certain limitations in explaining long-term growth. Even if some empirical conclusions are employed to bridge functional income distribution and technological progress, there is still a lack of a theoretical basis for accurately describing long-term economic changes using this model. In order to better promote high-quality economic development and accelerate the formation of a new pattern of economic development in which the domestic large-scale cycle is the mainstay and the domestic and international double cycles promote each other, the authors need to adopt a policy combination with the supply-side as the main and the demand-side as the supplement, and to work from both sides.

Exploring the sinicization of Marx's social capital reproduction theory: review and reflection

PurposeKarl Marx's social capital reproduction theory is his significant contribution to economics. The purpose of this paper is to review the contributions of the exploration of Chinese economists (especially Professor Liu Guoguang) in the concretization of Marx’s social capital reproduction theory combined with socialist construction since 1949.Design/methodology/approachDuring this process, Professor Liu Guoguang, a famous Chinese Marxist economist, has made an outstanding contribution by creating a Marxist social capital reproduction model with Chinese characteristics and a distinctive Marxist economic growth model. Professor Liu's exploration is still of crucial practical significance to building a socialist market economy today.FindingsThe process and achievements in the sinicization exploration of Marx's social capital reproduction theory were reviewed. With the reform and opening up, fundamental changes have occurred in China's economic system – the centralized planned economic system has been transformed into a socialist market economic system.Originality/valueThe planned management of the national economy is replaced by a macro-regulation system characterized by gross control gradually, and the concepts of agriculture, light industry, and heavy industry, and their intercorrelation are no longer applied in theory and policy. However, the sinicization exploration of Marx's social capital reproduction theory in the older generation of Marxist economists represented by Liu is not only of historical significance but also of important practical significance.

Back to Basics with Labor-Power

Ted Striphas recently called for a return to the “problem of culture” within cultural studies. This is a political as much as a methodological provocation: “culture” became an object of analysis among mid-twentieth century scholars in dialogue with Marxist accounts of ongoing political crises. Taking a cue from this past, this essay rethinks culture in relation to the ongoing crisis in social reproduction via Social Reproduction Theory (SRT). Within some Marxist feminist currents, “social reproduction” refers to the reproduction of labor-power, Marx’s term for the capacity to work sold on the market in exchange for wages. Marxist feminists have theorized such matters at length via their analyses of the practices undergirding the reproduction of labor-power. SRT is not unfamiliar to cultural studies scholars, but those engaged with it tend to explore the representation of socially reproductive practices within culture rather than the ways culture itself contributes to labor-power’s reproduction. This is unsurprising. Historically, the field has discussed labor-power in terms of its circulation rather than its reproduction, detailing culture’s role in reproducing social systems. Drawing upon Michael Denning’s “labor theory of culture,” recent work in SRT, and Marx, I argue that culture functions in a socially reproductive capacity within the logic of capitalism. In doing so, it casts cultural struggle as a form of social reproduction struggle at the intersection of labor-power’s reproduction and that of the society that requires it. This essay constructs a systematic account of culture’s socially reproductive before using it to consider its historical expression in the current moment.

Professional caring in affective services: the ambivalence of emotional nurture in practice

ABSTRACT Emotional nurturance is a fundamental feature of all forms of professional caring. As well as delivering expert social, health, education, practical or personal services, good caregivers possess an other-centred disposition, are emotionally intelligent and relationally skilled, and morally caring. Despite this, the value, role, and status of emotional nurturance in professional care is ambivalent. Drawing on feminist care theory, Hochchild’s emotional labour theory, and Bourdieusian social reproduction theory, as well as diverse empirical studies, this paper identifies how emotion is marginalised and misrecognised and calls for the reappraisal of emotion in professional care work in ways that appreciate tensions, contradictions, and dilemmas in practice.

Inflation Targeting Model in Macroeconomics.

Empirical targeting by lowering inflation to the marginal level that causes monetary deflation and transition to depression is shown to increase the growth of the real GDP, while increasing inflation from the marginal level reduces the growth of the real GDP. The inflation is determined according to the theory of reproduction of the national economy by the mathematical function of the amount of money in circulation, foreign currency cash, interest rate, the cost of the utilized in production capital, the production input-output coefficient, and the unemployment rate. A model for regulating the economy by inflation targeting is developed, which allows the Central Bank of Ukraine to determine the target indicators for the period under consideration based on the statistical indicators of the previous period and through the nomogram of the inflation function of its arguments. The growth of the Ukrainian economy was modeled with an inflation target of four percent in 2021–2023 after the recession in 2020 caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE UNITARY STATE IN CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZED BUDGETING

The purpose of the article is to deepen the scientific foundations of strategic planning using the provisions of the theory of purposeful reproduction and the principles of systematic methodology. In modern conditions in Ukraine there is an increase in financial self-sufficiency of regions with a simultaneous increase in social responsibility of the Center and Regions for the achievement of balanced and sustainable socio-economic development at different levels of management. The main objectives of the study were as follows: clarification of challenges and problems of strategic planning; disclosure of the essence and content of strategic planning in a unitary state; system classification of purposeful reproduction processes at different levels of management; rationale for the limits of budgetary centralism with budgetary federalism in the harmonious proportions of the "golden section"; defining the powers of Central and Regional authorities in the strategic planning of a sovereign state. The research methodology was based on the following methods: historical, dialectical, structural and functional, system analysis and synthesis, hypothetic and deductive, and logical modeling. The subject of the research is the scientific and methodological support of the justification of strategic objectives, priorities and indicators for planning long-term socio-economic development at the national and regional levels of management in terms of decentralized budgeting. The powers of the Central and Regional executive bodies are based on the provisions and principles of state formation on the basis of coordinated and synchronous interaction of purposeful reproductive processes. The execution of strategic planning processes and procedures by the Center and Regions under decentralized budgeting conditions determines those components of the development of a sovereign, independent, legal, social and unitary state, which are regulated by the volume and structure of the Consolidated State Budget. The establishment of proportions between the state and local budgets of Ukraine within the framework of the Consolidated Budget of the unitary state was carried out using the harmonious proportions of the "Golden Section", which ensures the balanced and systematic functioning of the Center and Regions as a dialectically separated unity. Conclusions. The main result of the study is a methodological approach to determining the competence of the Center and Regions in the strategic planning of socio-economic development on the basis of achieving coherence and synchrony of purposeful reproductive processes of different scales of market economy of the unitary Ukrainian state. The results of the study formed the basis of the scientific paradigm "Stable and sustainable socio-economic development for the Ukrainian people". Implementation. The methodological approach to the strategy of Regions and the Center for socio-economic development of the administrative region and the state as a whole was developed by the Khmelnytskyi Regional State Administration in 2015–2016. Strategic goals and priorities of socio-economic development of Luhansk and Donetsk regions were defined for 2014–2020 as an alternative to the Antiterrorist Operation (ATO), which was conducted from February to August 2014 in the Ukrainian Donbass.

Macro social theory, linguistic ethnography and interpreting research

This article presents an outline of a sociological and linguistic-ethnographic perspective as applied to contexts of community interpreting. It describes a theoretical and methodological approach which, drawing on Toury ’s descriptivist theory of norms and Bourdieu ’s social reproduction theory, considers how relevant macro-social features impact on interpreting activity. This approach has as its aim to theorise configurations of the social in lo- cal interpreting contexts and to demonstrate how interpreters, as pivotal players in these contexts, are caught up in larger social configurations of power and control, both internal and external to their professional field of practice. It suggests that norms of interpreting activity and training can be linked to the wider social and political contexts of their occurrence. A descriptive language of interpreted events is developed which reflects participants’ embeddedness in social and political processes, and how this impacts on both actual and potential discursive moves within interpreted interactions. The sociological and linguistic-ethnographic perspective takes the view that what happens at the surface level of interactions is more often than not a micro drama through which a larger social and political reality is acted out in a refractedform.

Unproductive Workers and State Repression

Social Reproduction Theory, as advanced by scholars such as Bhattacharya (2017) and Ferguson (2019), is at its core a theory of the revolutionary capacity of “unproductive” workers such as teachers, nurses, and social workers who are disproportionately women and disproportionately employed by the state. However, Social Reproduction Theory overlooks the contradictory and antagonistic role of the state in the lives of people, as the reproduction of labor power in capitalism proceeds via antagonism and state repression. The task of teachers, nurses, and social workers is the production of not just any life but that of a docile, exploitable worker. JEL classification: B51, B54, P1, I3

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ РЕПУТАЦИЯ КАК РЕСУРС МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ДИНАСТИЙ

Objective of the study is to present the characteristics of reputation as a resource of medical dynasties, as well as to identify its role in regulating the labor activity of dynastic doctors. The methodological basis of the research are the concept of social and symbolic capital, the theory of social reproduction by P. Bourdieu. Reputation is considered as "a social representation shared by the majority, having a temporary and local character, associated with a certain name and based on more or less influential and formalized social assessments".       The empirical basis of the work is the materials of an empirical study conducted in 2020-2021 using the methods of autobiographical narrative interviews with representatives of medical dynasties, a mass questionnaire survey of the medical community and the method of in-depth interviews with doctors interacting with colleagues - representatives of dynasties.   Research results. Professional dynasties in medicine act as transfers of reputation, which is an element of symbolic capital, significant for the strategies of social reproduction of the family. Reputation transfers, acting, as a rule, from older generations to younger ones, create a resource for securing a young specialist in the professional community and gaining the trust of patients through informal communication channels (word-of-mouth marketing) and patient expectations based on experience of consulting an ancestor-professional. At the same time, the reputation of the family acts as a mechanism for social control of the medical profession, and maintaining a positive reputation serves as a guide in the professional development of the successors of the dynasty.   Prospects of the study is further sociological analysis of the constructive and destructive potential of professional dynasties in Russian society.  

An intersectional examination of the opportunity gap in science: A critical quantitative approach to latent class analysis

This study employs a critical quantitative lens to model intersectionality in quantitative analysis and examine how inequities are perpetuated in U.S. schools. Using the U.S. sample from nationally representative PISA 2015 data, Latent Class Analysis was used to identify intersectional student background groups based on indicators of race/ethnicity, social class, immigration background, language spoken at home, and measures of cultural capital associated with cultural reproduction theory. A regression auxiliary model combined with latent class regression was then used to determine if intersectional group membership moderated the relationship between a covariate, gender, and two distal outcomes: sense of belonging to school and opportunity to learn (OTL) inquiry-based science. Differences between intersectional background groups on the two distal outcomes were also examined. The findings from this study reinforced the use of LCA as a promising method for incorporating intersectionality frameworks in quantitative research designs. Six distinct intersectional background classes were identified and findings revealed evidence of a wealth gap between classes of similar affluency based on parent occupational status and education. In addition to this evidence of systemic inequality, significant gender disparities within classes were found for OTL and sense of belonging.