Theory Of Imagery Research Articles

МЕТОДИКА КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ОПИСАНИЯ ИДИОСТИЛЯ В АСПЕКТЕ ТЕОРИИ ОБРАЗНОСТИ

МЕТОДИКА КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ОПИСАНИЯ ИДИОСТИЛЯ В АСПЕКТЕ ТЕОРИИ ОБРАЗНОСТИ

Let Me Imagine That for You: Transforming the Retail Frontline Through Augmenting Customer Mental Imagery Ability

The rapid development of augmented reality (AR) is reshaping retail frontline operations by enhancing the offline and online customer experience. Drawing on mental imagery theory, this paper develops a conceptual framework to reflect how AR emulates customer’s cognitive processes offloading those to the technology. Consequently, the AR-enabled frontline improves decision comfort, motivates positive WOM and facilitates choice of higher value products. The underlying mechanism is a sequential mediation via improved processing fluency and decision comfort. The findings also demonstrate boundary conditions of customers’ visual processing styles and product contextuality. Object-visualisers benefit more from AR induced imagery processes, and the effect of processing fluency on customer decision comfort is moderated by product contextuality. The results are verified with repeat studies to control for novelty of AR, and a field study that highlights the impact of AR on customers’ choice and spending. We discuss implications for theory and practice of AR-enabled frontline retailing.

Enhancing Graphic Communication and Design Student Teachers’ Spatial Visualisation Skills through 3D Solid Computer Modelling

Graphic Communication and Design (GCD) students often struggle to understand and convert multi-faceted objects from orthographic (2D) into isometric (3D). Research established a strong link between spatial visualisation and the field of Graphics Communication. Conventional teaching and learning practice using textbooks, physical models and pencil drawings is not sufficient for improving spatial visualisation skills. The current research focused on the effect of three-dimensional solid computer modelling software (3D-CAD) on the spatial visualisation skills of GCD students at a rural-based university. Students at this university are from disadvantaged and under-resourced schools and they arrive with little or no computer-based experience. The study principally depended on literature that suggested that spatial visualisation is developed throughout a person’s lifetime and that it can be improved by partaking in spatial activities. Underpinned by Piaget’s perception and imagery theory, the study investigated the impact of 3D-CAD on students’ spatial visualisation skills. The study was carried out at the University of Zululand (Unizulu), comprising 200 pre-service teachers taking a GCD module in 2016 and 2017. The study employed a pre-test and post-test design using the Purdue Spatial Visualisation Test: Rotation (PSVT:R) to evaluate students’ spatial visualisation before and after a 3D-CAD intervention. The post-test scores from the PSVT:R for the groups were compared using ANCOVA. Results showed that there was a significant difference with a moderate positive effect in the spatial visualisation skills between the experimental group and the control group. Therefore, 3D-CAD proved to be an effective means of instruction in a GCD module.

“… El mundo retornará a su primer silencio.” Estudio sobre el silencio y el lenguaje en relatos apocalípticos judeo-cristianos

The dialogue between religion and literature must be able to establish the epistemic foundations on which this dialogue takes place. In this sense, the relation of the text to the culture is not evident and needs to be explained. The article starts with the current theories of social imagery and the social construction of silence, trying to arrive at a more complete understanding of the apocalyptic text of Jewish and Christian antiquity. The theory of the imaginary brings both the subjective and the social question of silencing; on the other hand, silence and language are categories present in the religions that contribute to the discussion about the relationship between religion and literature. Thus, the article has a theoretical and a descriptive claim. In the first part takes into account a theory gives social construction of silence do highlighting the role of silence in literature, in another, of apocalyptic stories shows how the silence is present and reveals central issues of the Imaginary shared by these texts.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGERY RELATING TO THE CARPE DIEM IDEA IN THE POEM “THE RUBAIYAT”

This research is presented to discuss about the imagery of the poetry entitled “The Rubaiyat”. The Rubaiyat is a poem in the 11th century written by a Persian poet named Omar Khayyam. One of the poets who had translated the poem "The Rubaiyat" into English was Edward FitzGerald in 1859, which attracted much controversy. The Rubaiyat is a poem containing with the religious teachings and philosophical symbols that produce a harmonious effect. In this research, the writer used qualitative method with descriptive approach. The writer used the theory of Imagery in analyzing the use of imagery in the poetry relating the idea of carpe diem. Furthermore; the writer collects the data from the poem “The Rubaiyat” written by Omar and classify the kinds of imagery refers to carpe diem ideas that can be found in the poem

التصوير الفني في القرآن الكريم عند سيد قطب: مفهومه وخصائصه البارزة

ملخص البحث يتحدث هذا البحث عن قاعدة التصوير الفني القرآن الكريم حيث قام رائدها الشهيد سيد قطب بتطبيقها الواضحة تفسيره الأدبي في ظلال القرآن. ونقطة الانطلاق لهذا البحث تضع على المشكلة التي يعانيها معظم المسلمين اليوم فهم الآيات القرآنية، خاصة تعبيراتها المجازية. فلذلك، يعتبر الباحث بجدية أن هذا البحث ضروري ومناسب لحل المشكلة وقضية التأويلات المنحرفة عن الصحة والدقة. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز المنهج الدقيق الموحي الذي سيرشد القارئين إلى فهم تعريف التصوير الفني مفصلا، وخصائصه البارزة الفائقة مع الأمثلة من الآيات القرآنية. وفي هذا البحث، قد استخدم الباحث المنهج التحليلي الوصفي للوصول إلى معلومات جلية ناصعة ونتائج موثوقة بها. وأهم النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث إن التصوير الفني قاعدة مفضلة وطريقة دقيقة مؤثرة للتفاعل مع الآيات القرآنية المعجزة بصفة عامة، وتعبيراتها المجازية العميقة بصفة خاصة، وكان سيد قطب قد صور لونا فنيا جديدا الدراسة القرآنية والأدبية. الكلمات المفتاحية : التصوير، الفن، الخصائص البارزة، التعبيرات المجازية. (ARTISTIC IMAGERY IN THE HOLY QURAN BY SAYYID QUTUB: THE CONCEPT AND THE EMINENT CHARACTERISTICS) ABSTRACT This research talks about the theory of Artistic Imagery (AI) in the Holy Quran, where the martyr Sayyid Qutub as its pioneer developed and showed it into his literary exegesis “In the Shadow of Quran”. This research is based on the Muslim’s problem today in understanding of Quranic verses, especially in interpreting the metaphorical expressions. Therefore, the researcher considers seriously that this study is necessary and suitable for the salvation of the problem and arbitrary interpretation issue. This research aims to disclose the accurate and inspirational method which it conducts the readers to understand the detailed meaning of AI, and its eminent characteristics with the example of Quranic verses. The researcher uses the descriptive analytical approach in this research to arrive to the clear information and reliable results. Some important conclusions note that the AI is a preferred principle and exact approach and impressive to interact with the miracle of the Quranic verses generally and with the deep metaphorical expressions particularly, and it indicates that Sayyid Qutub has gave a new artistic color of Quranic studies and literary. Keywords: Imagery; Artistic; the Eminent Characteristics, the Metaphorical Expressions.

Развитие взглядов на взаимосвязь произвольного движения и его мысленного образа

Введение. Широко известно, что проработка двигательного навыка посредством мысленного представления способствует повышению его скоординированности и результативности. Однако образ рассматривался как гипотетическая основа произвольного движения еще до начала своего практического применения. Статья впервые представляет текущее понимание образа движения как разрешения противоречий, присущих более ранним взглядам, и рассматривает совместимость последних с современной точкой зрения, чем обосновывает необходимость пересмотра некоторых существующих рекомендаций по применению мысленного образа в спорте.
 Теоретическое обоснование. Отправной точкой в рассмотрении мысленного образа как основы произвольного движения явилась идеомоторная теория. Моторным эффектам, описанным как неконтролируемое выражение доминирующей идеи, посвящены работы Т. Лэйкока и У. Б. Карпентера. Однако их видение как проявления системной роли образа в контроле движения пришло благодаря трудам И. Ф. Гербарта, Г. Р. Лотце и Э. Харлесса. Экспериментальное подтверждение подобных явлений было получено в ряде инструментальных исследований непроизвольной двигательной активности при ее мысленном представлении, которые поддержали научный интерес к идеомоторной теории в условиях ее критики со стороны бихевиоризма. Разрешение противоречий было предложено на современном этапе М. Джиннеродом, рассматривающим двигательный образ как осознанную репрезентацию лежащих в основе соответствующего движения нейрофизиологических процессов, которая формируется при отсутствии инактивирующей обратной связи от исполнительных органов.
 Результаты и их обсуждение. Современное понимание двигательного образа фокусируется на его эквивалентности фактическому движению с точки зрения реализующих его центральных нейрофизиологических процессов и присущих ему свойств, в т. ч. формирования навыка при повторении соответствующего движения. Важную роль в двигательном обучении, особенно на начальных этапах, которую подчеркивал еще П. Ф. Лесгафт, играют когнитивный анализ движения и познание его смысловой структуры с помощью образа. При этом, как показывают исследования, когнитивные и моторные процессы тесно переплетены между собой.

Obese models’ effect on fashion brand attractiveness

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of obese models vs normal weight models on fashion brands’ attractiveness.Design/methodology/approachAn experiment was carried out in which 1,225 university students in Sweden and Brazil rated the attractiveness of a fashion brand worn by a normal weight model and an obese model.FindingsThe overall effect of obese models’ effect on fashion brand attractiveness was insignificant. Furthermore, neither culture nor the consumer’s own weight had a significant effect. There was, however, a significant effect of the participant’s own gender; women rate fashion brands worn by obese models significantly higher on attractiveness than they did fashion brands worn by normal weight models. Men displayed the inverse response.Research limitations/implicationsThe effect of the model’s ethnicity was beyond the scope of the experiment, and the brand attractiveness scale captured only one aspect of brand character, leaving other potential brand effects for future studies.Practical implicationsCompanies can use obese models with no overall brand attractiveness penalty across markets and for marketing to women of all sizes. Given men’s negative reactions, such models might however be unsuitable for the male-to-female gift market.Social implicationsThe results support the use of obese models, which can lead to greater representation of larger women in the media, and consequently, reduced fat stigma.Originality/valueThe study validates the theory of user imagery, and it extends the theory by examining how different target consumers react to user imagery traits and thus provides evidence for gender bias toward obese models.

Mentalizing Imagery Therapy: Theory and case series of imagery and mindfulness techniques to understand self and others.

Facilitating mentalization, or the ability to understand mental states and their link to behavior, is increasingly viewed as a common mechanism of action across effective psychotherapies. Here we present an overview of a new set of contemplative psychotherapeutic techniques, Mentalizing Imagery Therapy (MIT), that uses guided imagery and mindfulness practices to facilitate mentalization. MIT aims to reduce negative psychological symptoms by stimulating an understanding of mental states and their links to behavior in self and others, including in challenging interpersonal situations. Case discussions of MIT in personality disordered and depressed patients are used to illustrate theoretical points and the specific practical benefits of MIT. We conclude that there are promising indications that the imagery and mindfulness practices of MIT, that are specifically targeted to facilitate insight in the context of attachment relationship challenges, may help to improve mentalization and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Both in practice and with respect to its articulated goals, MIT promotes a distinct set of capacities from other mindfulness or compassion based therapies. Further research is required to determine the clinical efficacy of MIT in controlled trials.

Image and imagery in imaginal psychology (mental image and theory of science)

This paper deals with theoretical concepts of image and imagery in foremost imaginal psychologists (James Hillman, Michael Vannoy Adams). Attributing primary epistemological status to image and imagery, archetypal/imaginal psychology school developed (both within philosophy and psychology) new theory of image and imagery, questioned older thesis about derivative and secondary epistemological status of image (image as imprint within human psyche, derivative of primary sensations). Using Jung’s concept of autonomous psyche of essentially archetypal nature, Hillman started to question Jung’s concept of “Self ” as the central archetype that — for him — symbolized sort of disguised traditional monotheism (Christian God, Jewish Yahweh etc.) similarly to Freud’s sexuality (id) or central cultural myth (Oedipus myth). Archetypal/imaginal psychology defends essential sovereignty and equality of all images (liberty to imagine considers as the first and the most important liberty of human being) and imagery and resultant polytheist psychology. Such direction that took place within Jungian Studies and give birth to imaginal psychology coincided with the development in different fields: in philosophy and theory of science. Derrida’s and Feyerabend’s rejection of ultimate referential frame is not identical with but parallels Hillman’s and Vannoy Adam’s discovery of fantasy rules of the psyche. This paper also discusses similarities and differences in Hillman and Feyerabend and their concepts of paradigmatical cultural shift from culture and science dominated by “monotheist psychology” to that dominated by “polytheist psychology” where all images are treated equally.

The neural correlates of visual imagery: A co-ordinate-based meta-analysis

Visual imagery is a form of sensory imagination, involving subjective experiences typically described as similar to perception, but which occur in the absence of corresponding external stimuli. We used the Activation Likelihood Estimation algorithm (ALE) to identify regions consistently activated by visual imagery across 40 neuroimaging studies, the first such meta-analysis. We also employed a recently developed multi-modal parcellation of the human brain to attribute stereotactic co-ordinates to one of 180 anatomical regions, the first time this approach has been combined with the ALE algorithm. We identified a total 634 foci, based on measurements from 464 participants. Our overall comparison identified activation in the superior parietal lobule, particularly in the left hemisphere, consistent with the proposed ‘top-down’ role for this brain region in imagery. Inferior premotor areas and the inferior frontal sulcus were reliably activated, a finding consistent with the prominent semantic demands made by many visual imagery tasks. We observed bilateral activation in several areas associated with the integration of eye movements and visual information, including the supplementary and cingulate eye fields (SCEFs) and the frontal eye fields (FEFs), suggesting that enactive processes are important in visual imagery. V1 was typically activated during visual imagery, even when participants have their eyes closed, consistent with influential depictive theories of visual imagery. Temporal lobe activation was restricted to area PH and regions of the fusiform gyrus, adjacent to the fusiform face complex (FFC). These results provide a secure foundation for future work to characterise in greater detail the functional contributions of specific areas to visual imagery.

Accessible luxury fashion brand building via fat discrimination

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate if accessible luxury fashion brands discriminate overweight and obese consumers.Design/methodology/approachThe physical sizes of garments are surveyed in-store and compared to the body sizes of the population. A gap analysis is carried out in order to determine whether the supply of clothes match the demand of each market segment.FindingsThe surveyed accessible luxury garments come in very small sizes compared to the individuals that make up the population.Research limitations/implicationsThe survey is limited to London stores but the garment sizes are compared to the British population. It is therefore possible that the discrepancies between assortments and the population are in part attributable to geographic and demographic factors. The study’s results are, however, so strikingly clear that even if some of the effects were due to extraneous variables, it would be hard to disregard the poor match between overweight and obese women and the clothes offered to them.Practical implicationsFor symbolic/expressive brands that are conspicuously consumed, that narrowly target distinct and homogenous groups of people in industries where elitist practices are acceptable, companies can build brands via customer rejection.Social implicationsThe results highlight ongoing discrimination of overweight and obese fashion consumers.Originality/valueThe study is the first to provide quantitative evidence for brand building via customer rejection, and it delineates under which conditions this may occur. This extends the theory of typical user imagery.

Vividness of positive mental imagery predicts positive emotional response to visually presented Project Soothe pictures.

Lang's bioinformational theory of mental imagery proposes that mental imagery and external stimuli engage emotional information-processing systems in similar ways. However, the positive and negative systems are thought to be distinct, so this similarity is likely to show a valence-specific effect. Therefore, we hypothesized that an individual's ability to construct vivid positive, but not negative, mental imagery would predict positive emotional responding to positive visual stimuli, independently of depressive symptoms. Our stimuli were pictures collected through Project Soothe for possible use in psychotherapy (www.projectsoothe.com); as these pictures were intended to induce soothing emotion, we hypothesized that theoretically linked variables Self-compassion and Self-criticism would also predict positive responding to the stimuli. A total of 214 participants completed an online study including validated questionnaire measures, mental imagery tasks, and a picture-rating exercise. Only Positive Imagery Vividness and Self-compassion were significant predictors of positive responding to the soothing pictures, even controlling for depressive symptoms, and Negative and General Imagery Vividness. These findings support Lang's theory and provide evidence for individual differences in a positive processing tendency shared across mental imagery-based and perceptual representations. As this relationship is distinct from depressive symptoms, future imagery-based psychotherapies might aim to influence this positive processing tendency.

Allan Urho Paivio (1925–2016).

Presents an obituary for Allan Urho Paivio, who passed away on June 19, 2016. One of his many accomplishments was the development of a dual-coding theory. Dual-coding theory, while very influential, has, unfortunately, been discussed all too often as a theory of mental imagery, and not within its larger context wherein mental imagery and verbal processes are separable but interconnected representational systems, an academic battle in clarification that Paivio waged much of his life. He published prodigiously, even in the decades after retirement. Among his many honors, he served as president of the Canadian Psychological Association (1975) and was appointed a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (1978). (PsycINFO Database Record

برنامج إثرائي مقترح لتنمية مهارات تحليل النصوص الأدبية لدى الطلبة المعلمين في ضوء نظرية النظم للجرجاني

This study aimed at constructing a proposed enriching program for developing literary text analysis skills of the student teachers in the light of Al-Jurjani's theory of poetic imagery. To achieve that, first, the content of Al-Jurjani's book Dala'el Al-E'ajaz was analyzed to identify his method of literary text analysis according to the theory of poetic imagery. In light of his method, the proposed conceptualization was built in a way that can help in practicing the skills of literary analysis. Second, the literary text analysis skills required for the student teachers (i.e. 22 skills) were identified to be developed through the enriching program of the proposed conceptualization. Third, the enriching program was designed after identifying its bases, objectives, the content which consisted of three units, the strategies and the educational activities needed to implement the program, and the appropriate evaluation method. The designed program was validated by some juries and became ready for implementation. The study recommended that the enriching program and the skills of literary text analysis should be included in the student teacher's academic preparation program in colleges of education at the university.

La investigación en Chile sobre imaginarios y representaciones sociales

This paper addresses the of the art that draws on the theory of imagery and representations in Chile. It is a cartographic study, and as such, it considers those approaches, methodologies and results that are more relevant, which allow a state of the to be sketched out. It is not, therefore, an exhaustive signing of each paper or thesis to which it can be linked with the field indicated, due to the large volume of products associated directly or indirectly with the so-called social imagery. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to researchers in the area, research progress was reviewed and the most cited scientific articles were analyzed, allowing a content analysis to be applied. It was observed that the authors and theories with which they work are diverse and propose a conceptual crossing that extends to the methodological plane. It is concluded that imagery and representations have become a good tool to understand reality and that facilitates research questions about the past and present of the relevant and the everyday.

Symbolic water imagery in the drama of J. P. Clark-Bekederemo

This essay examines symbolic water imagery in the drama of J. P. Clark-Bekederemo. It is necessitated by the lack of a critical enquiry into that aspect of the renowned dramatist’s creative use of water imagery, its literal and figurative counterparts having been examined already. Hinged on the theory of imagery, the study observes that Clark-Bekederemo is adept at manipulating locally-derived imagery in his drama, and that water imagery forms the nucleus of that local imagination. The study discovers that the symbolic water images used in the plays are largely conventional, but that in spite of their conventionality, the playwright deploys them to such private purposes as the enhancement of the plays’ tragic import, the reinforcement of their Ijaw settings, and the enunciation of the socio-religious and cultural life of the same society, whose citizens constitute the bulk of the plays’ dramatis personae. It concludes by stressing that symbolic water imagery is an integral and functional component of Clark-Bekederemo’s dramatic imagination. Keywords: Imagery, Symbolism, Water, Drama, J. P. Clark-Bekederemo

Tai Chi with mental imagery theory improves soleus H-reflex and nerve conduction velocity in patients with type 2 diabetes

ObjectivesDiabetes is a disease that leads to damage to the peripheral nerves which may eventually cause balance instability. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of Tai Chi (TC) training combined with mental imagery (MI) on soleus H-reflex and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the sural and superficial peroneal nerves in people with diabetes. DesignsQuasi-experimental, one group pretest-posttest design. SettingHuman Research Laboratory. InterventionsA series of Yang style of Tai Chi classes with mental imagery, one hour, two sessions per week for 8 weeks was done. Main outcome measuresThe Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, Functional Reach Test (FRT), and One Leg Standing Test (OLS) were measured as functional data. Hoffman reflex (H-reflex), and sural and superficial peroneal NCV were measured as main outcomes. ResultsAll functional outcomes measures were significantly improved after the intervention (p<0.01). In the H-reflex, there was a significant increase in amplitude (μV) after completing 8 weeks of TC exercise (p=0.02). In the sural nerve, the velocity (p=0.01), amplitude (p=0.01), and latency (p=0.01) were significantly improved between pre and post-test. In the superficial peroneal nerve, significant improvements were observed in (p=0.02) and latency (p=0.01), but not in amplitude (μV) (p>0.05). ConclusionsCombining TC intervention with MI theory showed an improvement in the H-reflex and NCV tests, which suggests improved balance and walking stability.

Performance improvement through motor imagery study of the case in artistic gymnastics

The motor imagery is a cognitive process of mental simulation of actions in absence of movement. There are two methods to improve skills learning trough motor imagery: in first person and in third person. The biological basis on which the motor imagery theory is founded by mirror neurons. The aim wants to evaluate the effects of motor imagery practice in training, so it verifies the effects on the skills. The method is experimental and it consists of two steps subsequently. To administrate the questionnaire at athletes in order to evaluate the perception of own skill, called round-off flic, and then to compare their perception with the evaluation of Italian federation of artistic gymnastics method. The data will be being compared with those of judge/technician. By the data there is a more effective internal evaluation and also an improvement in the performance on about 80% of the gymnasts that performed the round-off flic. Interpretation of data concerning evaluation of others emerged a lower outside awareness of the skills that is looked. The innovative aspect of this study is the use of hetero-evaluation tool. It is rarely used, but the data show improvements in the performance and ability to evaluate, after using for 5 months of this methodology. Another innovative aspect is the use of motor imagery in the third person. Finally, there’s and improvements learnings for about 80%. So, providing the athletes and trainers could use practice of motor imagery as a possible application for the improvement of the performance.

Um Deus com o rosto do Brasil: um estudo exploratório sobre a relação entre imagens e imaginários de Deus na cultura e na pregação evangélico-luterana

&lt;p&gt;Este artigo pretende refletir sobre imagens e imaginários de Deus no contexto brasileiro em relação com imagens e imaginários de Deus em prédicas do contexto latino-americano, tomando como exemplo prédicas escritas por ministros/as da Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB), publicadas no site &lt;em&gt;Göttinger Predigten im Internet&lt;/em&gt;. Para análise destas imagens e imaginários de Deus, julgou-se importante, tratar o contexto sociocultural da IECLB – que corresponde, em grande medida, ao contexto do protestantismo histórico no Brasil – e refletir brevemente sobre imagem e imaginário em relação à religião e à teologia, não pretendendo construir uma teoria sobre imagem e imaginário. O artigo divide-se em três partes: na primeira parte apresentam-se aspectos das imagens e dos imaginários de Deus presentes na cultura e religiosidade brasileira, tomando alguns exemplos da cultura pop e do contexto teológico de alguns segmentos eclesiásticos. Na segunda parte, busca-se brevemente por conceitos de imagem, imaginário, averiguando a sua relação com a teologia. Na última parte, analisam-se imagens de Deus em prédicas da IECLB e busca-se refletir sobre o significado destas imagens para a pregação cristã, considerando-se o contexto em que a igreja está inserida. &lt;/p&gt;