Theory Of Enunciation Research Articles

El discurso polémico de Mauricio Macri en Facebook durante la pandemia de covid-19 en Argentina, 2020

During the year 2020 in Argentina a series of demonstrations against the political decisions taken by the president of the Nation Alberto Fernández was carried out as a result of the effects of the global pandemic unleashed by the Virus of the covid-19. In relation to the above, the so-called “anti-quarantine” marches organized through social networks under hashtags as #19SPorLaRepública or # 8N condensed both citizens and opposition political spaces among which highlights the leader's Juntos por el Cambio, Mauricio Macri, who in tune with the marches and policies carried out by Alberto Fernández, broke the silence months after the end of his presidential term. From the theories of enunciation and applying the methodological tools of discourse analysis, this article aims to analyze the controversial discourse of Mauricio Macri in the framework of the covid-19 pandemic in Argentina 2020 from his Facebook posts. It concludes in the various ways of arguing with the Alberto Fernández government based on the transformation of Mauricio Macri's style during the development of the covid-19 pandemic in 2020.

As pessoas que passavam xingavam ela de “macaca”: as facetas do racismo em textos infantis

Abstract How do public school students represent manifestations of racism in texts? Through the analysis of polyphony, we scrutinized the nuances of racial prejudice in personal accounts of sixth-year students from a public school. Considering the speaker's division allowed us to see how racism appears in the words of children aged 10 to 12 years. Racial insults were the main marks of the racism reported. However, it appears never in the voice of the narrator of the text, but always in the voice of other enunciators. We noticed that children judge racist manifestations wrong, censoring their occurrence. However, such manifestations are included in the voices of others incorporated in the texts. We conclude that the Polyphonic Theory of Enunciation is a useful tool to deepen the understanding of racist discourse.

Can we really free ourselves from stereotypes? A semiotic point of view on clichés and disability studies

Abstract In this paper, we try to build a semiotics of stereotypes through the key idea of enunciation. We investigate stereotypes of Persons with Disabilities in the context of social media networks (e.g., Facebook, Instagram) by adopting a semiotic perspective. The mainstream idea about stereotypes is that they are necessarily something negative, that must be avoided to maximize inclusivity and fairness. However, in our view, stereotypes are the background of our perception of the world, and we cannot escape from them, because when we leave behind a stereotype, it is only for adopting a new one built on a different basis. Therefore, it is crucial to understand stereotypes and the way they are expressed, since they are one of the enunciating instances that circulate in the space of the Encyclopedia. Through a semiotic point of view, we will follow how stereotypes transform, showing the way they change the modes of existence of meanings, shifting between the virtualized, the potentialized, the actualized, and the realized. Analyzing a huge corpus of social network messages built by the partners of the European project MeMe (Me & the Media: Fostering Social Media Literacy competences through Interactive Learning Settings for Adults with Disabilities), we will show how the advent of social media affected the research field of disability studies. Later, we will point out the variations of the classic stereotypes that have been addressed in the new participatory context of social media through the semiotic theory of enunciation.

Creación de herramientas de traducción. Sobre la traslación de culturemas en español

This study draws on the enunciative semantic theory of notional domain proposed by Antoine Culioli, enriched with the concept of semiotic complex by Claude Delmas. The approach considers a lexical item as a set of semes that determine its admissible extension conditions within a specific culture, activable in accordance with the situation of utterance. The aim of this research is to develop translation tools for transposing culturemes (Fernando Poyatos) to another cultural-linguistic system. These culturemes represent expressions that hold significant cultural relevance within a speech community. The proposed tools involve extracting the notional and semiotic features of a notional domain and selecting the most relevant ones according to the ongoing enunciative situation. This selection process takes into account specific parameters of the communicative act and the presumed intention of the discourse. The chosen features are then explicitly incorporated into the target text, aiming to create an illocutionarily equivalent product to the source text. This approach is necessary as direct manipulation of the lexical item itself at a global level is impossible due to the absence of an equivalent notional domain in the target language. This contribution is part of a project that aims to establish a theoretical model for translation, based on the metaoperational enunciative theory.

Voice and Voicing: Genre, Poetics, and Metapragmatics in Bob Dylan’s “Tangled Up in Blue”

Abstract: This article interprets the plurality of voices at play in the performance design of “Tangled Up in Blue” as the meta-pragmatic structures of the singer-songwriter’s relation to the listener. The author divides her task into a study of sonic, generic and stylistic, and pragmatic and metapragmatic planes upon which the singer establishes connection with the listener by implanting culturally expected patterns in his artistic configuration. These patterns are perceived as voices of co-speakers in the sense of Émile Benveniste’s theory of enunciation and put into effect for purposes of arousal and satisfaction of expectations, a rhetorical operation of all works of art according to Kenneth Burke. Though divided in terms of task, the three planes are revealed as interdependent in the act of performance as illustrated by the metapoetic instantiation of performer and audience, “From me to you.” The author concludes her study by proposing a textual approach in which the lyric (or text) manifests foremost as a linguistic system that, itself, interpellates both the singer and his audience through a counter-interpellation that constructs the voice of the artist, a function at the heart of all natural language events in socio-historical context as demonstrated in the works of Jean-Jacques Lecercle.

Enunciative Meaning-Making in Vizijos by Vytautas Mačernis

This article is a textual analysis of Vizijos (Visions), a cycle of poems by Vytautas Mačernis (1921–1944). The analysis focuses on enunciative meaning-making. The theory of enunciation (énonciation) originated in lingustics, as an inquiry into the speaking subject which, by an act of enunciation, appropriates the system of language. The introductory part of the article presents enunciative textual analysis as a modification of so-called standard greimasian textual semiotics. As a case in point, a textual analysis, by Algirdas Julien Greimas, of a poem by Marcelijus Martinaitis (“Ašara, dar tau anksti...”) is discussed, highlighting Greimas’ reluctance to discuss enunciative meaning-making. Next follows a brief discussion of an outline for inquiry into the formal apparatus of enunciation as proposed by Émile Benveniste. A model of dimensions of enunciative meaning-making that are relevant to a textual analysis of a lyric text is presented.The first part of the textual analysis is dedicated to the “Įžanga” (“Prelude”) of Visions. It is inferred that in terms of enunciative meaning-making the “Prelude” is distinct from the other parts of the work. It is argued that the “Prelude” does not live up to the standard set by those other parts. In order to demonstrate what that standard is, “Pirmoji” (“The First”) vision and excerpts of other parts are discussed. Throughout the demonstration, it is suggested that an inquiry into enunciative meaning-making leads to a different understanding of Visions than the one proposed in comprehensive studies by Virginija Balsevičiūtė-Šlekienė.

Sözceleme Kuramının Fransızca Öğretmen Adaylarının Hizmet Öncesi Eğitimlerine Dâhil Edilmesi: Bir Eylem Araştırması

Dilbilim çalışmalarının dil öğretimi yaklaşımlarına olan etkisi günümüzde de yaygın olarak kabul edilmektedir. Güncel dil öğretim yaklaşımlarından olan iletişimsel yaklaşım ve eylem odaklı yaklaşımın en çok yararlandığı dilbilim kuramlarından biri de sözceleme kuramıdır. Fransızca öğretmeni adaylarını sözceleme kuramının temel kavramlarıyla tanıştırmak, Fransızcanın yapısını ve işleyişini anlamalarını olumlu yönde etkileyeceği gibi ileride bu dili daha etkili biçimde öğretmelerine de katkıda bulunacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu kuramın verilerinin Fransızca öğretmeni adaylarının eğitimine dâhil edilmesi sürecini ayrıntılı bir biçimde betimlemek ve ortaya koymaktır. Eylem araştırması yönteminin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada nitel ve nicel veriler bir arada toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulaması 2020-2021 öğretim yılı güz döneminde, xxx Üniversitesi Fransızca Öğretmenliği Programı öğrencileri ile Fransızca Dil Becerilerinin Öğretimi 1 dersinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri video kayıtları, yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme, sözlü ve yazılı anlatım sınavları, ders sonrası değerlendirme formu, araştırmacı günlüğü, öğrenci çalışmaları olmak üzere çeşitli nitel ve nicel veri toplama araçlarıyla toplanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın veri toplama ve analizi aşamalarında tümevarımsal bir yaklaşım benimsenmiş, nicel verilerin analizinde “SPSS Statistics 24” programı, nitel verilerin analizi aşamasında ise “Nvivo 12” programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda sözceleme kuramının temel ögelerinin öğretimi için hazırlanan uygulamanın öğretmen adaylarının yazılı anlatım ve sözlü anlatım becerilerine olumlu katkı yaptığı ortaya çıkmıştır.

Information Visualizations and the Interpellation of a Social Subject

Though rarely used in critical discussion of information visualizations, theories of enunciation created in the context of linguistics and media theory offer an insight into the way graphic displays create and interpellate social subjects. The argument made here is that while the graphic conventions used for the display of information create the appearance of neutral statements, they are actually structured as modes of address. Critical tools can expose the power relations structured into visualizations and address the ways in which a social subject is specifically produced and positioned) within cultural systems. In addition, using the familiar maps of Covid outbreaks as an example, this discussion points to the various ways in which human experience, individual and collective, is erased from view, even as the scale of tragedy and suffering increases. This piece calls for a new critical understanding of the relations between subject production and graphical conventions as a way to read information visualizations and also infuse them with affective force that registers the human dimensions of data.

Story versus discourse in film studies: a return to the theory of enunciation

Abstract In this paper, we address the problematic of film narration and its narrator from a re-reading of Émile Benveniste’s theory of enunciation in open discussion with both the theories of film enunciation that have derived from it, and the cognitive theories that, by discarding it, have tried to take its place. This has led us to a differentiation between two dimensions of the problem of enunciation that are usually ignored: that which separates the act of enunciation and the subject who performs it from that of the textual subjects (the enunciator, the narrator …) who inscribe that act in the text. An erroneous understanding of the modes of enunciation of story and discourse has derived from their ignorance, which has led to reducing the former to a kind of form that derives from the latter, constituting no more than a form of discourse that would hide its basis. A precise enunciative definition of the lie is derived from their conscience. Certainly, there is always a subject of the act of enunciation whose traces can be recognized in the materiality of the statement. But there is a properly ontological distance that separates them – as material traces – from the enunciator, as a purely formal textual figure that, by being that, may or may not be present in the text. In this way, the Benveniste’s affirmation can be sustained according to which the story, the pure mode of the narrative, so to speak, is characterized by the absence – not the erasure, nor the invisibility – of any enunciator.

“NÃO É OBESIDADE. É ESCRAVIDÃO”: GESTÃO E INTERAÇÃO DE PONTOS DE VISTA SOBRE FATORES DE COMORBIDADE DA COVID-19

In times of pandemic resulting from the new coronavirus, there is an intense production of speeches that bring knowledge about the disease and how people are infected. The repeated speeches have produced a strong link between COVID and obesity as one of the main factors of comorbidity for a disease. However, in a much smaller number and little circulated, representations that problematize this are promoted to carry the fatphobia and bringing racial issues to comorbidities. The purpose of this article is, therefore, discursive analysis, based on enunciative theories, the management and hierarchization of the points of view of the opinion article “It is not obesity. It’s slavery.” from RioOnWatch. The results point to an anti-oriented form of points of view that legitimize obesity as a risk factor in order to deconstruct it and at the same time to highlight that this narrative distracts the main factor of comorbidity of COVID 19: race.

The “modulation mania”. Impersonal enunciation and visual rhetoric of the data image

The growth of contemporary positivistic trust in computational tools inspired semiotics to contribute to the debate on the strategies of communication of truth. In order to study these strategies in data images, the article features a framework modeled on the theory of impersonal enunciation. The computational utterer is believed to assure a super-personal enunciation understood as impartial and true. Furthermore, it will be observed how subjectivities are in any case modulated in the data images: this operation constitutes as much a visual rhetoric to achieve the effect of truthfulness as it is a discursive practice featuring the computational enunciation of the data image.

Cercados, o documentário: entre fatos e mentiras, entre imprensa e discursos

Abstract In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, the clash and resistance of the press to the attacks and aggression by the deniers was evident. The documentary Cercados, produced by Globoplay, object of analysis of this work, portrays the challenges behind the scenes of the news coverage in the first year of pandemic in Brazil. Supported by concepts of enunciation theory and television studies, this paper aims to reflect on the effects of meaning produced by the audiovisual text and its contribution to critical reflection about the disinformation scenario, as well as the relevance of journalism as an institution of the democratic system. The results indicate that the organization of the discourse, marked by the aesthetics of self-referentiality, allows the enunciatee to enter the universe of journalistic production and identify with the thematic roles played by journalists.

Análise histórico-linguística das pesquisas brasileiras sobre a reescrita no contexto do ensino superior entre 1998 e 2018

This paper aims to analyze the linguistic aspects surrounding the rewriting process, from 1998 to 2018, of upper-level students through scientific articles that address the rewriting activity of students immersed in this context, in order to fill enunciative gaps related to rewriting. Therefore, this work was based on the enunciative theory of Émile Benveniste (1989) and his perspective that language gives the individual the status of subject. It was also based on the studies of Swi- ggers (2013) in order to have a reliable historiographical analysis of the data present in this work and, finally, on the PCN’s (1998) in which the teaching of textual production was normatized, serving as a basis for the temporal choice present here. The analyses carried out descriptively pointed out significant changes throughout the period studied, espe- cially between the years 2011 and 2013. As a result, the normatization required by the NCP’s brought advances in the rewriting process, from the moment it includes the view of the ‘other’ in the process and su- ppresses the gaps present in the rewriting.

Language tensions and unseen languages in a multilingual university: the perspectives of university lecturers

ABSTRACT Linguistic diversity emerging from international student mobility, in non-anglophone universities, is typically eclipsed by the existing tensions between the national language(s) and English as ‘Lingua franca’. Through a series of semi-structured interviews with university lecturers, this study highlights the tensions surrounding national languages and English and the attention paid to international student languages as resources for learning. Furthermore, using enunciation theory it seeks to show what shapes lecturers’ attitudes to language use at university. It concludes that while there is some evidence that international student languages are recognised in teaching practices, there are also real concerns over maintaining the national language(s). This obscures the role that international student languages could play in teaching and learning.

Стаття Шарля Баллі «Syntaxe de la modalité explicite» («Синтаксис експліцитної модальності») і сучасна лінгвістика

The article examines the place of Charles Ballyʼs paper «Syntaxe de la modalité explicite» in the body of work of the prominent Swiss linguist on the category of modality and identifies the role of his ideas in modern description of syntax. In Charles Ballyʼs linguistic heritage the concept of modality plays an exceptionally important role. His views o n the modal organization of the sentence are based on the theoretical perspective to describing the phenomenon of language proposed by his teacher Ferdinand de Saussure. Charles Ballyʼs theory of modality is an integral part of his general theory of enunciation. Identification of the two components in the semantic structure of the sentence, namely the modus and the dictum, becomes some kind of a bridge between Saussureʼs intellectualized grammar of language and the grammar of speech, which specifically entails the study of emotional and affective factors, and also stylistic aspects of human language. According to Charles Bally, the modus is a combination of a modal verb, which may contain a variety of shades of opinion, feeling or will, and a modal subject, which can represent a speaking subject and also other subjects. Charles Ballyʼs studies significantly influenced the interpretation of the category of modality in modern linguistics. However, not every theory based on the idea of identifying the modus and the dictum in the sentence can be theoretically convincing. Identifying the dictum with the representation of the objective, and the modus with the subjective led to unsubstantiated theoretical opposition of objective and subjective modality. Only misunderstanding of Charles Ballyʼs ideas might explain the attempts to attribute the ability to express the category of evaluation and emotionality to the modus. Charles Ballyʼs original theoretical views proved to be productive in the development of the cognitive theory of modality, which in its turn is based on other theoretical views on the phenomenon of language. Within this theory, modality is defined as a category that describes the mental-sensory differentiation of the speakerʼs thoughts in the process of sentence formation. According to the active approach to sentence interpretation, the subject of the modus in cognitive modality theory is only the speaker. The paper «Syntaxe de la modalité explicite», which Charles Bally described as a program of studies, has not lost its relevance. The task of describing the semantic shades of modality, as well as various forms of its expression, the principles of classification of modal verbs outlined in the paper as the goal of linguistics, remains largely unresolved today.

How do bilinguals manifest emotions? A perspective based on the theory of Enunciation

How do bilinguals manifest emotions? A perspective based on the theory of Enunciation

Investigation of the Pronoun “We” within the Framework of Enunciation Theory

In this paper, the matter of subjectivity, which is of paramount importance in Turkish, yet studied in a limited number of research, was discussed centering on the pronoun “we”. In this regard, the pronoun’s semantic content was defined, emphasizing its relation to other pronouns. In doing so, the Benveniste’ Enunciation Theory was applied. Initially, the definition of the pronoun “we” was resolved, then the conflict between the pronouns “we”/”I” was analyzed further. After observing how the pronoun “we” is used with titles, its use in fictional works, theses, scientific research, and group studies was also examined. Additionally, how the pronoun “we” was reached in the inner speech was also investigated, and the process of replacing “we” with “you”; “we”/”you” (plural, polite)/”you” (second person singular)=subordinate parent relationship; we”/”you” (plural, polite)/”you” (second person singular)=equality relationship were revealed. Therefore, it was observed that these uses show a semantic change from both negative to positive and from positive to negative, which are two aspects of inversion. Besides, it was revealed how the pronoun “we” acquires its semantic sense when the third singular person speaks on behalf of multiple persons. Finally, the observed use of “we” referring to uncertain “I” and, the speaker’s strategies of avoiding responsibility and getting lost in “we” were explained. The “we” as used by spokespersons in political texts/discourses was also mentioned in this context, and the use of “we are” was emphasized.

Face and Mask: “Person” and “subjectivity” in Language and Through Signs

In this paper, I will deal with the way linguistics and semiotics focus on person and subjectivity in language. I start from two different meanings of the “person” word and from Benveniste and Latour’s theories of enunciation. Later, I deal with the problem of subjectivity in language and I connect it to two different views: Benveniste’s idea that subjectivity is grounded on the “I” and Guillaume’s idea of a primacy of the “he”. Starting from the Iliad and from the semiotic idea of subject, I take side for Guillaume and Latour’s theory: it is the delocutive structure of the “he” which, in language, expresses subjectivity, namely the capacity of the subject to make himself the object of his reflections and of his words.

La théorie de la polyphonie et des stéréotypes au service de l’analyse contrastive des opérateurs discursifs

Este trabajo profundiza en las equivalencias de hélas en español y se inscribe en el marco de los enfoques comparativos recientes ligados a las teorías lingüísticas de la enunciación. El objetivo del artículo es abrir una vía para el análisis contrastivo de los operadores discursivos que combine las propiedades sintácticas con un enfoque semántico que permita mostrar las similitudes y diferencias entre las instrucciones ligadas a su significado. El estudio ofrecido, ilustrado con ejemplos del corpus Frantext, refuerza la hipótesis de que un marco metodológico inscrito en la Teoría de los estereotipos y en la Teoría de la polifonía puede tener aplicaciones muy interesantes en la búsqueda de relaciones entre operadores afines de una misma lengua y de lenguas diversas.

A LEITURA NAS PESQUISAS DE MESTRADO EM EDUCAÇÃO (2010-2015)

É essencial que a sociedade contemporânea, permeada por situações que exigem o domínio da língua escrita, promova desenvolvimento humano e participação social de todos sujeitos que nela vivem, sejam eles, crianças, jovens ou adultos. O presente artigo, parte de estudo de mestrado realizado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás – Regional Catalão, teve como objetivo discutir as principais fundamentações teóricas sobre a leitura de 170 pesquisas realizadas entre 2010 e 2015, na área de Educação, a partir da pesquisa qualitativa, baseada no estado da arte. Os resultados apontam para a concentração de pesquisas sobre leitura realizadas em instituições na região sudeste do país. Outro resultado, mostrou os principais autores que tem sido fundamento para as investigações de mestrado, assim como as principais perspectivas, sendo elas: sociointeracionista com abordagem histórico-cultural; da linguagem como prática social do letramento com autores representantes; e da teoria enunciativa da linguagem, que compreende a linguagem como processo de construção social e interação dialógica. Palavras-chave: Leitura. Estado da arte. Educação.