Theoretical Advances Research Articles

Shining light on the dark side of personality: Measurement properties and theoretical advances by Peter K.Jonason (Ed.). Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe Publishing. 2023. 320 pages, $75 paperback

Shining light on the dark side of personality: Measurement properties and theoretical advances by Peter K.Jonason (Ed.). Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe Publishing. 2023. 320 pages, $75 paperback

Register and the dual nature of functional correspondence: accounting for text-linguistic variation between registers, within registers, and without registers

Abstract During the past 20 years, corpus linguistic research on register variation has yielded important theoretical advances. The first part of this paper discusses these advances and the cumulative body of research that has produced them. In the second part of the paper, we focus on the goals of research on register variation. The traditional goal of the text-linguistic (TxtLx) approach to linguistic variation has been to describe registers and patterns of register variation: describing the linguistic and situational characteristics of registers. In this paper, we explore a related, but distinct, text-linguistic goal: to account for all linguistic variation among texts. Because the TxtLx framework assumes the importance of functional correspondence between linguistic characteristics and situational characteristics, it is reasonable to assume that in addition to register, we can use situational parameters coded continuously at the level of individual texts as additional predictors of text-linguistic variation. We describe the results of an empirical study to show that using both register categories and text-level situational parameters as predictors results in a more comprehensive and explanatory model of text-linguistic variation. In the conclusion we discuss the future of corpus-based register studies, focusing on unanswered questions related to theoretical claims about register.

Adopting agile in government: a comparative case study

ABSTRACT This study examines the adoption of agile in public administrations through the lens of Scandinavian institutionalism and translation theory. By conducting interviews in 19 German public administrations, we investigate how agile is translated into public settings and how they address associated challenges. Our findings reveal three translation modes: agile stripped down to a cultural concept, agile as governance to foster cross-functional collaboration, and agile as methodology, adhering closely to its original values and principles. As such, our study contributes to a better understanding of and theoretical advancements surrounding agile in government.

Advanced Neuromorphic Applications Enabled by Synaptic Ion-Gating Vertical Transistors.

Bioinspired synaptic devices have shown great potential in artificial intelligence and neuromorphic electronics. Low energy consumption, multi-modal sensing and recording, and multifunctional integration are critical aspects limiting their applications. Recently, a new synaptic device architecture, the ion-gating vertical transistor (IGVT), has been successfully realized and timely applied to perform brain-like perception, such as artificial vision, touch, taste, and hearing. In this short time, IGVTs have already achieved faster data processing speeds and more promising memory capabilities than many conventional neuromorphic devices, even while operating at lower voltages and consuming less power. This work focuses on the cutting-edge progress of IGVT technology, from outstanding fabrication strategies to the design and realization of low-voltage multi-sensing IGVTs for artificial-synapse applications. The fundamental concepts of artificial synaptic IGVTs, such as signal processing, transduction, plasticity, and multi-stimulus perception are discussed comprehensively. The contribution draws special attention to the development and optimization of multi-modal flexible sensor technologies and presents a roadmap for future high-end theoretical and experimental advancements in neuromorphic research that are mostly achievable by the synaptic IGVTs.

Fractional-Order Dynamics in Epidemic Disease Modeling with Advanced Perspectives of Fractional Calculus

Piecewise fractional-order differential operators have received more attention in recent years because they can be used to describe various evolutionary dynamical problems to investigate crossover behaviors. In this manuscript, we use the aforementioned operators to investigate a mathematical model of COVID-19. By utilizing fractional calculus, our approach aims to capture the crossover dynamics of disease spread, considering heterogeneity and transitions between epidemic phases. This research seeks to develop a framework using specialized mathematical techniques, such as the Caputo fractional derivative, with the potential to investigate the crossover dynamical behaviors of the considered epidemic model. The anticipated contribution lies in bridging fractional calculus and epidemiology, offering insights for both theoretical advancements and practical public health interventions. In order to improve our understanding of epidemic dynamics and support, we used MATLAB to simulate numerical results for a visual representation of our findings. For this interpretation, we used various fractional-order values. In addition, we also compare our simulated results with some reported results for infected and death classes to demonstrate the efficiency of our numerical method.

Dynamical bifurcation of a stochastic Holling-II predator–prey model with infinite distributed delays

This paper serves as a continuation and expansion of the previous achievement by B. Han and D. Jiang in their article (Han and Jiang, 2024). Our initial step involves transforming the more complex stochastic Holling-II model featuring a stronger kernel into a simplified yet degenerate stochastic system composed of five interconnected equations. For the deterministic component of this model, we delve into an extensive examination of the local asymptotic stability of its positive equilibrium state. Subsequently, for the stochastic model, we derive critical conditions that determine the thresholds for exponential extinction and persistence of both predator and prey populations. Importantly, our findings not only encompass scenarios where there are no stochastic disturbances but also shed light on how environmental noise impacts the population dynamics within the predator–prey system. Through the exploration of the homologous Fokker–Planck equations, we present approximate representations characterizing the probability density function of the stochastic predator–prey model. To substantiate these theoretical advancements, several illustrative examples are provided, offering numerical elucidations of our proposed results and emphasizing the profound effects of stochastic noises and some important parameters on the behaviors of the stochastic model.

Solving large-scale electricity market pricing problems in polynomial time

In centralized wholesale electricity markets worldwide, market operators use mixed-integer linear programming to solve the allocation problem. Prices are typically determined based on the duals of relaxed versions of this optimization problem. The resulting outcomes are efficient, but market operators must pay out-of-market uplifts to some market participants and incur a considerable budget deficit that was criticized by regulators. As the share of renewables increases, the number of market participants will grow, leading to larger optimization problems and runtime issues. At the same time, non-convexities will continue to matter, e.g., due to ramping constraints of the generators required to address the variability of renewables or non-convex curtailment costs. We draw on recent theoretical advances in the approximation of competitive equilibrium to compute allocations and prices in electricity markets using convex optimization. The proposed mechanism promises approximate efficiency, no budget deficit, and computational tractability. We present experimental results for this new mechanism in the context of electricity markets, and compare the runtimes, the average efficiency loss of the method, and the uplifts paid with standard pricing rules. We find that the computations with the new algorithm are considerably faster for relevant problem sizes. In general, the computational advantages come at the cost of efficiency losses and a price markup for the demand side. Interestingly, both are small with realistic problem instances. Importantly, the market operator does not incur a budget deficit and the uplifts paid to market participants are significantly lower compared to standard pricing rules.

Philosophy of psychiatry: theoretical advances and clinical implications.

Work at the intersection of philosophy and psychiatry has an extensive and influential history, and has received increased attention recently, with the emergence of professional associations and a growing literature. In this paper, we review key advances in work on philosophy and psychiatry, and their related clinical implications. First, in understanding and categorizing mental disorder, both naturalist and normativist considerations are now viewed as important - psychiatric constructs necessitate a consideration of both facts and values. At a conceptual level, this integrative view encourages moving away from strict scientism to soft naturalism, while in clinical practice this facilitates both evidence-based and values-based mental health care. Second, in considering the nature of psychiatric science, there is now increasing emphasis on a pluralist approach, including ontological, explanatory and value pluralism. Conceptually, a pluralist approach acknowledges the multi-level causal interactions that give rise to psychopathology, while clinically it emphasizes the importance of a broad range of "difference-makers", as well as a consideration of "lived experience" in both research and practice. Third, in considering a range of questions about the brain-mind, and how both somatic and psychic factors contribute to the development and maintenance of mental disorders, conceptual and empirical work on embodied cognition provides an increasingly valuable approach. Viewing the brain-mind as embodied, embedded and enactive offers a conceptual approach to the mind-body problem that facilitates the clinical integration of advances in both cognitive-affective neuroscience and phenomenological psychopathology.

Theoretical and empirical advances in understanding musical rhythm, beat and metre

Theoretical and empirical advances in understanding musical rhythm, beat and metre

Routine dynamics and sociomateriality: insights into technological artifacts and their roles

Purpose This paper aims to discuss artifacts and how they influence the performative scheme of the routine and human agency. Artifacts emerge from a heterogeneous network of technical and social elements, which implies assuming that they strongly influence the performance of a routine and the organizing. Design/methodology/approach This essay starts from an established theoretical framework to develop reflections and propose that the artifacts entangle part of organizational knowledge and that the artifact's role is structured by their enactment in performing a routine, which gives them meaning and a sense of purpose. Findings The propositions contribute to theoretical and empirical advances by offering new insights for analysing the role of artifacts in routine dynamics. The main arguments presented are about (i) the existence of a potential role and a performed role for artifacts, (ii) that the artifacts' role evolves from knowledge and know-how embedded in routines and their actants and (iii) that artifacts are connected through networks of routines, and they embed a vast repertoire of knowledge and expertise. Originality/value Also, it proposes a fruitful research agenda based on the main reflections. Finally, the thoughts presented open a pandora's box to reflect on the intertwining between human and artifacts, not just in organizing but also in everyday social life.

Relationship between Artistic Expression and Mental Well-being

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the relationship between artistic expression and mental well-being. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to artistic expression and mental well-being. Preliminary empirical review revealed that engaging in creative activities offers therapeutic benefits such as emotional expression, self-discovery, and social connection. Through various forms of art, individuals were able to reduce stress, improve mood, and foster a sense of belonging within their communities. Moreover, artistic expression served as a catalyst for personal transformation and empowerment, enabling individuals to overcome challenges and find meaning in their experiences. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating arts-based interventions into mental health care to promote holistic well-being. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Art as Therapy theory, Flow theory and Socio-Emotional Selectivity theory may be used to anchor future studies. The studies exploring the relationship between artistic expression and mental well-being offered valuable recommendations that contributed to theoretical advancements, informed practical applications, and guided policy development. By elucidating the therapeutic mechanisms of artistic expression, practitioners integrated arts-based interventions into clinical practice, educators incorporated arts into school curricula, and policymakers advocated for increased funding and support for arts initiatives in healthcare and community settings. These efforts aimed to foster creativity, resilience, and social connection, ultimately enhancing mental well-being across diverse populations.

The Efficacy of Restorative Justice Programs in Reducing Recidivism Rates

Purpose: This study sought to assess the efficacy of restorative justice programs in reducing recidivism rates. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to restorative justice programs in reducing recidivism rates. Preliminary empirical review revealed that restorative justice interventions were effective in reducing reoffending and promoting positive outcomes for both offenders and victims. Through processes such as victim-offender mediation and family group conferencing, restorative justice provided opportunities for offenders to take responsibility, repair harm, and engage in rehabilitation. While acknowledging variations in effectiveness based on offender characteristics and program implementation, the study highlighted the importance of continued investment in restorative justice initiatives to create a more just and equitable criminal justice system. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Labeling theory, Social Learning theory and Routine Activities theory may be used to anchor future studies on restorative justice programs in reducing recidivism rates. The study offered recommendations that contributed to theoretical advancements, practical improvements, and policy developments in the field. It emphasized the importance of exploring underlying mechanisms, standardized training for practitioners, and integration of restorative principles into mainstream criminal justice policies. These recommendations were aimed at enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of restorative justice interventions in promoting positive outcomes for victims, offenders, and communities.

The Philosophical Implications of Neuroscience Research on Free Will and Moral Responsibility

Purpose: This study sought to analyze the philosophical implications of neuroscience research on free will and moral responsibility. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the philosophical implications of neuroscience research on free will and moral responsibility. Preliminary empirical review recognized that the compatibility between neuroscientific determinism and philosophical concepts of free will. It highlighted the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to address the ethical considerations and societal implications of using neuroscientific evidence in legal and ethical contexts. The study emphasized the importance of public engagement to foster informed discourse on the ethical and philosophical implications of neuroscience research. Overall, the findings underscored the complexity of navigating the intersection of neuroscience and philosophy, calling for continued interdisciplinary dialogue to address the multifaceted implications of neuroscience research on free will and moral responsibility. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Compatibilism, Libertarianism and Determinism may be used to anchor future studies on philosophical implications of neuroscience research on free will and moral responsibility. The study provided valuable insights and recommendations across theory, practice, and policy. It contributed to theoretical advancements by synthesizing neuroscientific findings with philosophical theories, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. In practice, the study emphasized ethical considerations in research conduct and interpretation, aiming to enhance the reliability and validity of neuroscientific evidence. Policy recommendations focused on developing evidence-based policies governing the use of neuroscientific evidence and promoting public engagement and education. Additionally, the study identified areas for further research, such as longitudinal and cross-cultural studies, to advance understanding in the field. Overall, the study highlighted the importance of ethical considerations and responsible innovation in the development and application of neuroscience research. Keywords: Philosophical Implications, Neuroscience Research, Free Will, Moral Responsibility, Ethics, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Neuroscientific Findings, Public Engagement, Education, Ethical Considerations, Responsible Innovation

The Nature of Moral Realism vs. Anti-Realism and Its Implications for Moral Discourse and Practice

Purpose: The general objective of this study was to explore the nature of moral realism vs. anti-realism and its implications for moral discourse and practice. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the nature of moral realism vs. anti-realism and its implications for moral discourse and practice. Preliminary empirical review revealed that individuals' beliefs about moral realism vs. anti-realism significantly influenced their moral reasoning and behaviors, with proponents of moral realism exhibiting absolutist moral judgments while those endorsing anti-realism demonstrated greater moral flexibility. Cultural and ideological variations in these beliefs were evident, reflecting diverse societal norms and values. Longitudinal studies revealed the developmental origins of these beliefs, emphasizing the importance of early moral education. Overall, the study highlighted the complex interplay between philosophical perspectives on morality and real-world implications, advocating for informed and culturally sensitive approaches to moral discourse and practice. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development, Social Identity theory and Cultural Relativism may be used to anchor future studies on the nature of moral realism vs. anti-realism. The study provided valuable recommendations for theory, practice, and policy. It contributed to theoretical advancements in moral philosophy by integrating empirical evidence with philosophical insights, thereby refining existing theories and generating new avenues for exploration. The findings had practical implications for educators, policymakers, and practitioners, emphasizing the importance of ethical education, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ethical leadership practices. Policy recommendations highlighted the need for contextually sensitive approaches to addressing ethical issues, while ethical practice emphasized fostering open dialogue and ethical reflexivity in professional settings. The study also identified future research directions, suggesting the importance of longitudinal and interdisciplinary studies to further advance our understanding of morality and ethics. Keywords: Moral Realism, Anti-Realism, Moral Discourse, Beliefs, Philosophy, Ethics, Interdisciplinary, Collaboration, Ethical Leadership, Professional Practice

Role of Social Capital in Community Development

Purpose: The general objective of the study was to explore the role of social capital in community development. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the role of social capital in community development. Preliminary empirical review revealed that social networks, trust, and collective action played crucial roles in enhancing community well-being and resilience. Through empirical research conducted across various contexts, it was found that social capital served as a catalyst for community empowerment, fostering cooperation and mutual support among residents. The study highlighted the importance of context-specific factors in shaping the relationship between social capital and community development, emphasizing the need for targeted investments in social capital-building initiatives to promote inclusive and sustainable development. Overall, the findings underscored the vital role of social capital in driving positive change within communities, providing valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and community leaders. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Capital theory, Community Development theory and Network theory may be used to anchor future studies on the role of social capital in community development. The study contributed to theoretical advancements by enhancing comprehension of how social relationships influence development outcomes, refining existing theories, and highlighting the interplay between social capital and socio-economic factors. Practically, it guided practitioners in fostering social networks, promoting civic engagement, and tailoring interventions to community needs. From a policy perspective, it influenced the design of development policies by leveraging social capital for inclusive and sustainable development, promoting social cohesion, and addressing structural barriers. Overall, recognizing social capital's importance underscored its potential as a catalyst for positive change within communities.

Gender Dynamics in STEM Fields: Women's Experiences in Different Cultural Contexts

Purpose: The general aim of this study was to explore gender dynamics in STEM fields particularly, women’s experiences in different cultural contexts. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the gender dynamics in STEM fields. Through a comparative analysis across diverse cultural settings, significant variations in women's experiences in STEM were revealed, with some societies demonstrating greater gender equity and support for women. However, persistent disparities and challenges related to cultural norms and gender roles were observed in others. The research underscored the intersectional nature of gender dynamics in STEM, emphasizing the interconnectedness of gender with other dimensions of identity such as race and ethnicity. Additionally, cultural stereotypes and societal expectations were identified as significant barriers to women's participation and advancement in STEM fields. The findings underscored the importance of context-specific approaches to promoting gender equity in STEM and highlighted the need for challenging stereotypes and fostering inclusive environments for women in STEM fields globally. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social Cognitive Career theory (SCCT), intersectionality theory and Cultural-Historical Activity theory (CHAT) may be used to anchor future studies on gender dynamics in STEM fields. The study provided valuable recommendations with significant implications for theory, practice, and policy. It contributed to theoretical advancements by highlighting the intersectional nature of gender dynamics in STEM, offering practical recommendations for stakeholders in education and workforce development, and suggesting policy interventions aimed at promoting gender equity in STEM fields. The study emphasized the importance of organizational change, global collaboration, and continuous evaluation and improvement in advancing gender equity in STEM. By implementing these recommendations, stakeholders could work towards creating more equitable and inclusive environments where women could thrive and contribute meaningfully to STEM fields worldwide.

The Ontology of Time: Investigating the Nature of Temporality and its Implications on Existence

Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the nature of temporality and its implications on existence. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the nature of temporality and its implications on existence. The study comprehensively explored various theoretical perspectives and empirical findings related to temporality and its impact on human existence. Through a synthesis of theoretical frameworks such as eternalism, presentism, and the growing block universe theory, alongside empirical studies examining temporal perception and cultural variations, the research provided insights into the complexity of temporality and its relevance to reality. By identifying research gaps and delineating future directions, the study laid the groundwork for further inquiry into the fundamental nature of time and its implications for human experience and understanding of existence. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Eternalism, Presentism and Growing Block Universe may be used to anchor future studies on the nature of temporality and its implications on existence. The study provided valuable recommendations for advancing theory, informing practice, and guiding policy formulation. It contributed to theoretical advancements by proposing a comprehensive model that integrated diverse perspectives on temporality, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to synthesize insights from philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, anthropology, and other disciplines. In practice, the study recommended integrating temporal perspectives into therapeutic interventions, educational curricula, and organizational strategies to enhance well-being and productivity. Policy implications included promoting flexible work arrangements, patient-centered healthcare approaches, and environmentally sustainable practices that acknowledge the temporal dimensions of human existence. Through these recommendations, the study aimed to deepen our understanding of temporality and its profound significance for human existence. Keywords: Ontology, Time, Temporality, Existence, Philosophical, Interdisciplinary, Well-being, Framework, Perception, Multifaceted

Preface

GEOSHANGHAI 2024 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Volume 4: Tunneling and Underground Construction Shanghai, 26-29 May, 2024 GeoShanghai 2024 International ConferenceCollege of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 2024All Rights ReservedGeoShanghai is a series of international conferences on geotechnical engineering held in Shanghai quadrennially. The conference was inaugurated in 2006 and was successfully held in 2010, 2014 and 2018, with more than 1600 participants in total. Since the last conference, the geotechnical community has witnessed many advances both in fundamental understanding and engineering practices. To demonstrate the latest developments and promote collaborations in geotechnical engineering and related fields, we launch the 5th GeoShanghai International Conference to be held in May 2024.With cities facing pressing issues like congestion, pollution, and land scarcity, subterranean solutions have emerged as a compelling alternative, unlocking new avenues for urban expansion while minimizing surface disruption. This volume presents a culmination of recent advancements in tunneling and underground engineering, reflecting global efforts to address evolving challenges and opportunities in subterranean endeavors. Utilizing cutting-edge digital and deep learning techniques, inspiring case studies, and theoretical advancements in tunnel-related simulations offers a comprehensive understanding of the field.This volume received a total of 60 papers from countries such as China, Germany, Switzerland, Thailand, and others, totaling 60 papers accepted. All papers were reviewed and the accepted papers will be submitted to IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science indexed by Scopus.Cordially yours,Zhiguo Yan, Qianbin Zhang, Mingliang Zhou, Zili Li, Zhongkai Huang, Fan ZhuThe editors of Volume 4: Tunneling and Underground ConstructionList of Tracks, Conference Steering Committee, International Advisory Committee, Technical Committee, Organizing Committee are available in the Pdf

In vivo disentanglement of diffusion frequency-dependence, tensor shape, and relaxation using multidimensional MRI.

Diffusion MRI with free gradient waveforms, combined with simultaneous relaxation encoding, referred to as multidimensional MRI (MD-MRI), offers microstructural specificity in complex biological tissue. This approach delivers intravoxel information about the microstructure, local chemical composition, and importantly, how these properties are coupled within heterogeneous tissue containing multiple microenvironments. Recent theoretical advances incorporated diffusion time dependency and integrated MD-MRI with concepts from oscillating gradients. This framework probes the diffusion frequency, , in addition to the diffusion tensor, , and relaxation, , , correlations. A clinical imaging protocol was then introduced, with limited brain coverage and 3 mm3 voxel size, which hinder brain segmentation and future cohort studies. In this study, we introduce an efficient, sparse in vivo MD-MRI acquisition protocol providing whole brain coverage at 2 mm3 voxel size. We demonstrate its feasibility and robustness using a well-defined phantom and repeated scans of five healthy individuals. Additionally, we test different denoising strategies to address the sparse nature of this protocol, and show that efficient MD-MRI encoding design demands a nuanced denoising approach. The MD-MRI framework provides rich information that allows resolving the diffusion frequency dependence into intravoxel components based on their distribution, enabling the creation of microstructure-specific maps in the human brain. Our results encourage the broader adoption and use of this new imaging approach for characterizing healthy and pathological tissues.

Effect of Workplace Spirituality and Servant Leadership on Service Quality in Higher Education: A Mediation Model of Job Satisfaction

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of workplace spirituality and servant leadership on service quality in higher education. Design/methodology/approach: This was done by examining the function of job satisfaction as a mediator in this relationship. The study was carried out in a tertiary educational institution in Bali, Indonesia, and the data was analysed using PLS-based SEM (Structural Equation Model). Findings: The study findings indicate that (1) workplace spirituality and servant leadership in higher education have an impact on job satisfaction, (2) workplace spirituality and servant leadership do not have a direct effect on service quality in higher education, and (3) job satisfaction acts as a mediator between workplace spirituality, servant leadership, and service quality in higher education. Research limitations/implications: Research was carried out using scientific procedures and methods, but in its implementation, some limitations provide room for improvement in the future. Other variables that are decisive to service quality in education should be involved in future studies. Originality/value: Based on the findings, this study introduces a novel paradigm offering theoretical and practical advancements in ensuring quality of service in higher education. Additionally, it suggests fostering spirituality in the workplace and adopting servant leadership to guarantee lecturers' contentment to enhance the quality of service in higher education.