Development Of Technological Capabilities Research Articles

Firm’s Technological Capabilities towards Technology Transfer Performance in Malaysian Manufacturing Companies: The Antecedents That Lead to Successful Development of Firm’s Technological Capabilities

Drawing upon Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, this research investigates the effect of technological capabilities on the performance of technology transfer activities in Malaysian manufacturing firms. This research also empirically examines the antecedents that lead to the development of a firm’s technological capabilities. The data were obtained from 133 manufacturing companies in Malaysia by means of questionnaires. As predicted, the results indicated that the firm’s technological capabilities significantly related to technology transfer performance and all the antecedents are chosen positively influenced the firm’s technological capabilities development.

Artificial Intelligence: The Opacity of Concepts in the Uncertainty of Realities

The development of the systems of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital transformation in general lead to the formation of multitude of autonomous agents of artificial and mixed genealogy, as well as to complex structures in the information and regulatory environment with many opportunities and pathologies and a growing level of uncertainty in making managerial decisions. The situation is complicated by the continuing plurality of understanding of the essence of AI systems. The modern expanded understanding of AI goes back to ideas formulated more than 100 years ago. In official national policy documents on the development of AI, working definitions of AI are preferred. The current stage of AI systems life cycle can be assessed as the completion of the initial period in the development of systems associated with weak AI. The ability of artificial systems to realize themselves as a separate person becomes one of the serious scientific and practical challenges. Attention to the issues of the ethics of AIS indicates the expansion of the diversity of its forms and the beginning of the work in the field of goal-setting. New moral and ethical problems also arise in connection with the possibility of the creation of genuine conscious subjects in the foreseeable future. There is an increasing phenomenon of degradation of natural intelligence. It is required to take into account the issue of the heterogeneity of data generated by humans, electronic sensors and network devices in the dynamic complex environments of the digital economy, the issue of the complexity of the process of co-evolution of AI systems, collective and individual natural consciousness. A special area of opportunities and risks is the development of neurotechnologies. The object of control is digital twins, through which there can be manipulation of real attitudes, preferences, and behavior of individuals. As a result, there are the development of technological capabilities that provoke destructive phenomena as well as the formation of a new class of mass addictions.

Особливість і специфіка кераміки і відмінність її від інших мистецтв

The author of the article considers the features and specifics of ceramics. The difference between this art and others. Observes the historical path of development of ceramics, technical and technological capabilities of creative ceramics, features of modern ceramics. Ceramics is also considered as a special kind of art, the creation of various works of art thanks to this technique. The qualities of ceramics inherent in the creation of works of monumental and decorative art, sculpture, design, installations, plastic possibilities of technology, its expressiveness and a wide palette of colors when using glaze are considered. The work is addressed to scientists, employees of the system of higher art - pedagogical education, students.

Collaborative innovation: a technological perspective

Collaborative innovation: a technological perspective

Explaining the expansion performance in technological capability of participants in megaprojects: A configurational approach

Megaprojects are considered to be platforms providing participants with potential opportunities for technological innovation and capability development, but it is unclear which participants can benefit more from them and how. Taking the expansion performance in technological capability as the specific objective, this paper seeks to investigate what combination of antecedent conditions can enable participants in megaprojects to achieve high performance. Applying fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to the sample of main participating companies in the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge project, we find that megaprojects do not automatically lead to a significant expansion in technological capability of participants, and no single condition is sufficient in isolation or absolutely necessary for high performance. We uncover three pathways to high expansion performance, among which the conditions show relationships of complementarity and substitutability. This study enhances the theoretical understanding of the process of megaprojects promoting participants’ growth, and offers new insights into the complex causality of performance differences in capability development.

Detecting residual host cell DNA with Droplet Digital PCR technology

Watch the video or read the poster to find out: How ddPCR technology may be leveraged for the effective removal of residual host cell DNA from cell and gene therapy products, thus enhancing product and patient safetyWhat specific benefits and advantages ddPCR technology can offer compared to alternative tools for residual host cell DNA detection, sizing, and quantificationMark White is the Associate Director of Biopharma Product Marketing at Bio-Rad. He has played a key role in the development of multiple core technology capabilities and assays alongside a multidisciplinary team of biologists and engineers at Bio-Rad and previously at Berkeley Lights Inc.. Mark obtained his Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences at the University of California, San Francisco.

Dynamic capabilities configurations: the firm lifecycle and the interplay of DC dimensions

PurposeDynamic capabilities (DCs) upgrade operational capabilities. However, DC dimensions of sensing, seizing and reconfiguring may combine in different configurations that result in alternative outcomes, depending on the firm's lifecycle stage. The purpose of this research is to explore configurations of DC dimensions during different stages of firms' lifecycles that result in operational marketing and technological capabilities.Design/methodology/approachGiven the limited understanding of how DC dimensions and operational capabilities interact across a firm's lifecycle, the authors employed a multi-method approach to understand whether different configurations of DC dimensions may lead to operational marketing and technological capabilities and how the firm's lifecycle may condition these configurations. The authors first apply PLS path modelling to assess the validity and reliability of the measures. Then, the authors use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyse micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in different growth stages operating in the creative industry within highly competitive and fast-changing environments.FindingsResults show that several configurations of DC dimensions and competitive intensity influence marketing and technological capabilities. Although several configurations include sensing, seizing and reconfiguring, the findings also point to configurations where not all DC dimensions are present.Practical implicationsImproving operational capabilities does not necessarily imply a simultaneous presence of all three DC dimensions. Especially in the growth stage, managers that face resources shortage may only focus on sensing and seizing dimensions when developing marketing capabilities.Originality/valueThis research focuses on configurations of DC dimensions (instead of configurations of different types of DCs) that generate diverse marketing and technological capabilities development paths. The authors provide several equifinal configurations of DC dimensions that lead to operational marketing and technological capabilities. This study contributes to disentangling DCs and their dimensions across different lifecycle stages.

Key considerations when adopting Droplet Digital PCR for viral vector manufacture

Increase your knowledge of:  The crucial considerations when transitioning into ddPCR from a different platform. The additional key areas in which ddPCR is beginning to be applied and the impact made. The key issues and standardization requirements that are relevant to the various specific applications of ddPCR. Mark White is the Associate Director of Biopharma Product Marketing at Bio-Rad. He has played a key role in the development of multiple core technology capabilities and assays alongside a multidisciplinary team of biologists and engineers at Bio-Rad and previously at Berkeley Lights Inc.. Mark obtained his Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences at the University of California, San Francisco.

A Cross-Cultural Study on the Capability Development Difference of Educational Management Technology in China and the West

Abstract Against the background of “Internet plus,” western countries have taken a lead in modernizing educational management technology to fit the times. The application of education management technology in China is in a period of rapid development. There are certain differences between China and western countries. In order to adapt to the intelligent trend of contemporary education management reform and improve the national macro education management level, there should be cross-cultural thinking on the differences in the development of educational management technology capabilities between China and the West. Based on the literature analysis of Chinese and Western education management technology and education management theory, and based on the research data of 8 domestic colleges and universities education management technology, we explored the development differences between China and the West in teaching evaluation, multimedia teaching, and teaching decision-making. The results showed that ideology, national conditions and technology are the main influencing factor of the differences in the development of educational management technology capabilities between China and the West. We need to create a cross-cultural education concept conflict, cross-cultural perspective to re-plan the teacher’s positioning, and fundamentally change the concept of teachers to accept Western education management models in China. The application proportion of education management technology should be allocated based on the actual teaching situation, to increase the teaching utilization rate of multimedia equipment, and reduce unnecessary multimedia teaching. Data-driven intelligent teaching decision-making technology should be developed to guide teaching behavior scientifically and efficiently. Finally, we should construct a modern management system in line with national conditions, as well as narrow the gap between Chinese and western educational management.

Technological Capabilities of Medium-Sized Contractors in Indonesia

The construction industry plays a significant role in national development and economic growth of Indonesia. Contractors are key actors in the construction industry and manage large amounts of construction resources and activities. While the demand for improving the nation's infrastructure is on the rise, the question remains whether the industry, especially contractors, will be able to fulfil this demand. This study investigates whether contractors include technological capabilities as an important part of their company strategies for addressing the dynamics of the construction industry. In particular, it aims to understand how contractors develop and improve their technological capabilities through a technological learning process (exploration, acquisition and internalisation). The investigation focuses on medium-sized contractors, who often play an important role as part of the supply chain for larger contractors. A model is developed to represent the dynamic interactions between key factors that influence the way contractors select and use technology to enhance their performance. Data were collected through a survey and were then used to map the contractors' development of technological capabilities. The study reveals that medium-sized contractors have yet to consider the development of technological capabilities as strategic. The results are expected to benefit the regulator and construction companies in Indonesia in their efforts to improve the performance of the country's construction industry.

A ddPCR primer: advantages, challenges, and key considerations when adopting Droplet Digital PCR for viral vector manufacture

<div class="authors authors-lg"><div class="author"><div class="author-img"><img src="https://cdn.insights.bio/uploads/Drouin_headshot.jpg" data-image="1"></div><div class="author-det"><h3 class="author-name" style="color: rgb(93, 83, 138);">Lauren M Drouin</h3><h5 class="author-title" style="color: rgb(93, 83, 138);">Associate Director of Analytical Development, LogicBio TherapeuticsAssociate Director of Analytical Development, LogicBio Therapeutics</h5> Lauren M Drouin leads the Analytical Development group at LogicBio Therapeutics, where she supports the development and implementation of analytical methodologies needed to progress LB-001 and other pipeline products from preclinical development into the clinic and beyond. Current research interests include novel AAV capsid characterization and developing a robust understanding of the factors that influence potency of gene therapy products. Previously, Lauren worked at Voyager Therapeutics where she was responsible for analytical method development and overseeing CMC analytics operations for the Parkinson’s Disease clinical program. Lauren received her PhD in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from the University of Florida where she utilized molecular, biophysical, and structural techniques to characterize the AAV capsid for improved gene delivery. </div></div></div><div class="authors authors-lg"><div class="author"><div class="author-img"><img src="https://cdn.insights.bio/uploads/F Dorange photo copy.jpg" data-image="1"></div><div class="author-det"><h3 class="author-name" style="color: rgb(0, 167, 149);">Fabien Dorange</h3><h5 class="author-title" style="color: rgb(0, 167, 149);">Head of Analytical CMC, Genethon</h5> Fabien Dorange holds a PhD in virology and worked as a postdoctoral researcher in the gene therapy field. Before joining Genethon, Fabien was Head of R&amp;D viral safety in a CRO company (Texcell, France). He joined Genethon in 2016 and currently heads of the CMC Analytical Department. He is responsible for the analytical activities in the characterization and release testing of gene therapy products. </div></div></div><div class="authors authors-lg"><div class="author"><div class="author-img"><img src="https://cdn.insights.bio/uploads/Bsilvey_headshot_2021 copy.jpg" data-image="1"></div><div class="author-det"><h3 class="author-name" style="color: rgb(0, 117, 137);">Bryan Silvey</h3><h5 class="author-title" style="color: rgb(0, 117, 137);">Head of Quality, A2 Biotherapeutics</h5> Bryan Silvey has been in the biopharmaceutical industry for over 25 years in both Quality technical roles and Regulatory Affairs CMC leadership positions having responsibilities for both product and facilities lifecycle management. Global experience in regulatory authority requirements and expectations in the CMC space with biologics has proved a grounding platform of quality principles that he has applied to successful development and commercialization of two (2) CAR T-Cell therapies while at Kite (a Gilead Company). As Head of Quality for A2 Biotherapeutics, an early stage cell therapy discovery and development company, this journey in CMC science continues to push forward in an effort to address unmet cancer patient needs. </div></div></div><div class="authors authors-lg"><div class="author"><div class="author-img"><img src="https://cdn.insights.bio/uploads/Mark Head Shot 2020 copy.jpg" data-image="1"></div><div class="author-det"><h3 class="author-name" style="color: rgb(85, 85, 89);">Mark White</h3><h5 class="author-title" style="color: rgb(85, 85, 89);">Associate Director of Biopharma Product Marketing, Bio-Rad</h5> Mark White is the Associate Director of Biopharma Product Marketing at Bio-Rad. He has played a key role in the development of multiple core technology capabilities and assays alongside a multidisciplinary team of biologists and engineers at Bio-Rad and previously at Berkeley Lights Inc. Mark obtained his PhD in Biomedical Sciences at the University of California, San Francisco. </div></div></div><div class="authors authors-lg"><div class="author"><div class="author-img"><img src="https://cdn.insights.bio/uploads/Pincus copy.jpg" data-image="1"></div><div class="author-det"><h3 class="author-name" style="color: rgb(0, 59, 76);">Steven Pincus</h3><h5 class="author-title" style="color: rgb(0, 59, 76);">Executive Director Analytical Development, Neurogene</h5> Steven Pincus has a PhD in Biochemistry with training in molecular Virology and Immunology. Steven has over 30 years in the biotech industry leading teams in research and development of vaccines, AAV Gene Therapies and monoclonal antibodies in the areas of infectious disease, autoimmune disease and cancer. He has taken projects from discovery through Phase 2 clinical trials. He has developed qualified and validated release assays and assays for measuring clinical and immunological responses. He has led the transfer of assays to partners, developed and managed collaborations with academic and industrial partners, managed CRO’s and developed and managed project budgets and goals. During his career Steven has gained experience in Quality control, analytical development, regulatory affairs and manufacturing development for vaccines and Gene Therapies. He is currently Executive Director Analytical Development at Neurogene. </div></div></div>

Single-photon microwave photonics

With the rapid development of microwave photonics technology, high-speed processing and ultra-weak signal detection capability have become the main bottlenecks in many applications. Thanks to the ultra-weak signal detection capability and the extremely low timing jitter properties of single-photon detectors, the combination of single-photon detection and classical microwave photonics technology may provide a solution to break the above bottlenecks. In this paper, we first report a novel concept of single-photon microwave photonics (SP-MWP), a SP-MWP signal processing system with phase shifting and frequency filtering functionalities is demonstrated based on a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) and a successive time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) module. Experimental results show that an ultrahigh optical sensitivity down to −100 dBm has been achieved, and the signal processing bandwidth is only limited by the timing jitter of single-photon detectors. In the meantime, the proposed system demonstrates an ultrahigh anti-interference capability, only the signal which is phase locked by the trigger signal in TCSPC can be extracted from the detected signals combining with noise and strong interference. The proposed SP-MWP concept paves a way to a novel interdisciplinary field of microwave photonics and quantum mechanism, named by quantum microwave photonics.

Театр и дизайн: творчество Оскара Шлеммера и современное понимание сценографии в рекламе

The work considers the historical background of the theatre workshop emergence in the German school of arts and crafts Bauhaus. The activity of Oskar Schlemmer and the role he played in the development and modern understanding of the principles of working with space are studied. The aim of the research is to investigate the issue of the relationship between Schlemmer’s creativity and design. The results obtained have shown that the artist’s work and activity are relevant and have an impact on the modern understanding of scenography when working with video content, staging shows, in the event industry, museum design and other areas. The scientific originality lies in the view on the formation of the Bauhaus theatre workshop from a methodological perspective as applied to the process of university training of designers. The study of these issues is relevant now, since in connection with the development of technological capabilities, a designer’s work is becoming more complicated and a clear theoretical basis on which to rely in creative search is needed more than ever. It is this basic knowledge that discoveries made by the artists who worked at Bauhaus, including Oskar Schlemmer, provide.

Technological capabilities development model in Chinese energy service companies

This paper investigates the energy service companies (ESCOs) in China from the perspective of technological capability (TC) development. The conventional capability development model of manufacturing in emerging economies has been adapted to examine the four dimensions of TC (investment, production, linkage and innovation) through a qualitative analysis of multiple case studies. Small and medium-sized private ESCOs can perform well based on investment and production capabilities to develop energy management software competence. Large state-owned ESCOs can develop more advanced linkage and innovation capabilities and serve large-scale businesses with more specialist services. For small and medium-sized ESCOs, competitiveness, customers and related business strategy are the primary drivers of TC development. These drivers are essential for large ESCOs, but government support and pressure are also important. The framework developed can be used to research ESCOs and other service providers in other developing countries.

Manufacturing value chain for battery electric vehicles in Pakistan: An assessment of capabilities and transition pathways

Greenhouse gas emissions and pollution emanating from fossil fuel-based vehicles present a major environmental problem worldwide. These problems are particularly pronounced and more challenging in developing countries. Electric vehicles are often touted as one solution to improving air quality in cities and reducing pollution. However, a smooth transition to electric vehicles in developing countries is not straightforward. This transition can be enhanced if the factors enabling and driving the adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in developing countries are appropriately understood. However, our current knowledge, particularly regarding the manufacturing and servicing infrastructure required for BEVs, regulatory frameworks, and understanding of consumer demand in developing countries is still rudimentary. This paper develops a framework to explore the readiness of the upstream value chain players of BEVs in a developing country and provides a discussion on pathways for the transition. The framework builds on the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework, as well as research on value chain analysis. Drawing on an analysis of original qualitative and quantitative data collected in Pakistan, which provides an interesting and relevant context for this research, the findings show that the transition to BEVs along the upstream value chain requires concerted development of technological capabilities and organizational capacity, as well as conducive policies, rules, and regulations. This paper develops and explains the relevance of the TOE framework in the unique context of upstream players in the value chain for BEVs. The key contribution of the paper is its development of a TOE-based structured instrument for measuring the readiness of upstream players in the BEVs value chain. The proposed framework serves as a diagnostic tool to track readiness for the adoption of electric vehicles in developing countries. In addition, the paper outlines possible pathways to enhance the transition to BEVs manufacturing.

Evolution of the collaborative innovation network in the Korean ICT industry: a patent-based analysis

ABSTRACT This study explores the evolutionary mechanisms of the inter-firm collaborative innovation network in the Korean ICT industry, focusing on inter-firm homophily. Using firm network data based on a joint patent from 1980 to 2015, this study reveals that firms participate in collaborative innovation primarily to complement their technological resources. Also, the collaborative innovation network among Korean ICT firms has evolved mainly by homophily mechanisms and has limited expandability. The findings suggest that the government can promote SMEs’ participation in collaborative innovation by concentrating on supporting the development of technological capabilities.

Patenting in 4IR technologies and firm performance

Abstract We investigate whether firm performance is related to the accumulated stock of technological knowledge associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and, if so, whether the firm’s history in 4IR technology development affects such a relationship. We exploit a rich longitudinal matched patent-firm data set on the population of large firms that filed 4IR patents at the European Patent Office (EPO) between 2009 and 2014, while reconstructing their patent stocks from 1985 onward. To identify 4IR patents, we use a novel two-step procedure proposed by EPO (2020, Patents and the Fourth Industrial Revolution: The Global Technology Trends Enabling the Data-Driven Economy, European Patent Office), based on Cooperative Patent Classification codes and on a full-text patent search. Our results show a positive and significant relationship between firms’ stocks of 4IR patents and labor and total factor productivity. We also find that firms with a long history in 4IR patent filings benefit more from the development of 4IR technological capabilities than later applicants. Conversely, we find that firm profitability is not significantly related to the stock of 4IR patents, which suggests that the returns from 4IR technological developments may be slow to be cashed in. Finally, we find that the positive relationship with productivity is stronger for 4IR-related wireless technology and for artificial intelligence, cognitive computing, and big data analytics.

New high-throughput endstation to accelerate the experimental optimization pipeline for synchrotron X-ray footprinting.

Synchrotron X-ray footprinting (XF) is a growing structural biology technique that leverages radiation-induced chemical modifications via X-ray radiolysis of water to produce hydroxyl radicals that probe changes in macromolecular structure and dynamics in solution states of interest. The X-ray Footprinting of Biological Materials (XFP) beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II provides the structural biology community with access to instrumentation and expert support in the XF method, and is also a platform for development of new technological capabilities in this field. The design and implementation of a new high-throughput endstation device based around use of a 96-well PCR plate form factor and supporting diagnostic instrumentation for synchrotron XF isdescribed. This development enables a pipeline for rapid comprehensive screening of the influence of sample chemistry on hydroxyl radical dose using a convenient fluorescent assay, illustrated here with a study of 26 organic compounds. The new high-throughput endstation device and sample evaluation pipeline now available at the XFP beamline provide the worldwide structural biology community with a robust resource for carrying out well optimized synchrotron XF studies of challenging biological systems with complex samplecompositions.

THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY AND STRATEGY TYPOLOGY ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: A REVIEW IN THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR

Despite its growing importance in the management field, a limited number of studies have empirically investigated technology management capabilities with strategies in the environmental adaptation context. In rapidly changing environmental conditions, companies need to develop technological skills to achieve a competitive advantage. As a dynamic capability, the development of technological capabilities requires allocating resources consistent with strategic goals. The present study, therefore, aims to examine how technology management capability and strategy type affect firm performance. Miles and Snow’s strategy typology was used to classify firms’ strategies. The results are drawn from a survey of 119 Turkish manufacturing companies. The research results contribute to the literature with empirical support on a significant effect of the technology management capability and strategy type on firm performance. Besides, the findings show a significant positive relationship between technology management capability and strategy types.

Customer involvement, business capabilities and new product performance

Purpose This study aims to test the role of a firm’s marketing and technological capabilities in mediating the relationship between customer involvement in information provision (CIP) and customer involvement in coproduction (CIC) and new product performance, while also investigating the impact of the interactive effect of such capabilities. This investigation is at the firm rather than the project level. Design/methodology/approach A survey-based questionnaire was distributed to senior managers from 101 Taiwanese electronics firms. The research model and hypotheses were evaluated using partial least squares structural equation modeling in SmartPLS 3. Findings CIP and CIC improve new product performance indirectly through the development of marketing and technological capabilities. CIP has a stronger positive effect on marketing capabilities than CIC. In addition, the interactive effect of marketing and technological capabilities on new product performance is positive and significant. Research limitations/implications The data came from a single respondent in each firm, which may lead to common method bias. In addition, the data were cross-sectional in nature, having been collected at a single point in time. This limits the ability to draw causal inferences, as would be possible with longitudinal data. Finally, the data came from a single industry in only one country. Practical implications CIC is useful in terms of product idea generation and screening, as well as in helping to effectively learn and combine market knowledge from customers, whereas CIP takes on a more active role in strengthening marketing capabilities. Managers should understand these direct effects of CIP and CIC, as well as their indirect effects on new product performance. Originality/value Previous empirical research is largely limited to project-level implications such as innovativeness, advantages and the financial performance of a specific new product; a clear understanding of the strategic, firm-level implications of CIP and CIC in the context of new product development is lacking. The findings highlight the importance of treating CIP and CIC as continuous processes in a firm rather than viewing each in isolation to a specific project.