Level Of Technological Development Research Articles

Aerodynamic Calculation and Computer Numerical Simulation Methods Applied in Jet Engine Research

The development status of aero-engines is a sign of a country's technological development level and comprehensive national strength. Jet engines undergone a rapid development since being invented and are widely applied in both commercial and military aircraft nowadays. The objective of jet engines is to provide thrust for aircraft and maintain high performance in different flight segments. Engine design choice must be compromised to balance different selection criteria. This article reviews the development history of jet engines and reviews the development paths of jet engines in various technical fields in detail. It also summarizes the current state and development of jet engines from the civil and military fields and finally looks forward to the future development of jet engines. The discussion of several publications shows that considerable attention has been paid in reducing emissions, increasing fuel efficiency and reducing noise. Advanced manufacturing technologies and materials could improve engine performance. Establish new operations could be another future direction while it has limitations. Bio-fuel could be a promising solution in reducing emissions while its feasibility in meeting real operating conditions still need to be investigated.

Pengembangangan Alat Penyiram Otomatis Dan Monitoring Budidaya Cabe Merah Berbasis Internet Of Things (Iot)

Technology of today has improved a number of spheres of life, including governance, agriculture, and education. Information technology use tries to provide efficiency in a number of ways. Given Indonesia's low level of technological development, particularly in the area of agriculture, innovation is unquestionably required if this country is to be competitive on the global stage. This is especially true in this era of globalization. Clearly, the agriculture sector has to develop technology that makes human labor more efficient and effective. Traditional farmers can benefit from technology in their operations to produce better yields and greater volumes. Red chili is one of the key agricultural products that needs to be developed because it has a high economic value, is a superior national and regional product, and occupies a significant place in the menu due to the fact that almost the entire population of Indonesia consumes it every day, albeit in small amounts. This plant can grow to a height of mdpl in both the lowlands and the highlands, but the lowlands are where it grows the best. The ideal air temperature range for growing chile plants is 18°C to 28°C. Fertilization might be hindered by temperatures between 16 and 32 degrees Celsius. The soil wetness of chili plants ranges between 60% and 80%. When limited space is available, growing red chilies either directly or in pots can be a solution. are hard to come by, especially for family needs. For farmers or plant owners, smart garden technology works and offers advantages, as well as a way to communicate with plants.

Technical Characteristics of Incunabulum in Europe

Incunabula are printed materials created in Europe from the time of Johann Gutenberg's invention until 1500. Incunabula originate from the Latin language (lat. Incunabulum) and mean cradle or the beginning of something. In this paper, the representation of individual states and cities in the creation of incunabula is investigated and presented. The persons responsible for such development are also listed. Special attention is given to the presentation of Croatian incunabula. The mentioned works describe the characteristic features. Incunabula testify to a high level of culture, standards, and technological development of a particular area. The studied works reveal and confirm, as confirmed in this paper, the attitude of society towards literacy, education, and the national culture of each nation. This paper aims to comprehensively present the importance of incunabula for the development of European and Croatian culture, technological and comprehensive progress.

Одиночество в «обществе всеобщей коммуникации»: парадокс цифровой современности

The article concerns philosophical comprehension of the problem of loneliness as a paradoxical phenomenon of the modern “society of universal communication”. It is argued that humanity’s entry into the information age is accompanied by a high level of technological development, resulting in a modern digital transformation. Re-ality, methods of communication and the man himself are shown to be transformed as a result. Global infor-mation space formation, in the non-material environment of which modern communication process unfolds, determines the emergence of virtual, digital communication, which in modern conditions displaces the tradi-tional ways of interpersonal interaction and generates the problem of loneliness. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that modern man, despite the abundance of connections and full immersion in the sociocommunicative space, is becoming increasingly lonely, acutely experiencing the lack of real live communication.

Pengembangan Teknik Fotografi Bagi UMKM Di Mojokerto Untuk Meningkatkan Kesadaran Merek

With the level of technological development, the human lifestyle has changed even more and has become a necessity such as the internet. The internet is utilized by humans in everything that can help all human needs, including being utilized by UMKM players to carry out digital marketing. The development of technology allows humans to see various product images only through devices, one of which is through social media platforms so that good photography skills are needed. The method used was a group discussion forum and interviews accompanied by a live demonstration. Simple photography skills training using a smartphone application in the form of an open camera assisted by an ai website, namely pebblely. In this training, it is hoped that UMKM players can independently utilize technological developments and updates that can support product promotion on social media.

Use of digital twins in automotive industry: Russian and foreign experience

Aim. To determine the breadth of application of digital twins in the automotive industry in Russia and abroad, and to compare the level of implementation of innovative technology in production.Tasks. To consider the general issues of digitalization of the automotive industry and the tools by which it is carried out, including such a tool as a digital twin; to characterize the problem issues that need to be solved in the production of cars with digital twins; based on the analysis of examples of digital twins in the automotive industry in Russia and foreign countries to show the level of technology development and advantages of its use.Methods. The objectives were solved by using empirical research methods, in particular based on the study of various sources of information, including the scientific works of researchers, as well as the analysis of the data obtained with subsequent conclusions.Results. Along with many other effective tools of digitalization, the digital twin helps enterprises from the automotive industry to reach a new technological level of development, optimizing production processes and increasing the competitiveness of manufactured products and companies. There are several facets of digital twin technology that enable critical tasks at every stage of vehicle design, production and testing, while reducing time and material costs. The technology is gradually beginning to be used in leading car manufacturing companies, both in Russia and abroad. Especially effective is the use of digital twins in the production of electric cars.Conclusions. Digital twins serve as an effective tool for the digitalization of the automotive industry, allowing to reduce costs and time spent on product development and production, as well as on various vehicle tests. In addition, due to the use of technology, manufacturers have the opportunity to identify new ways to improve products, expand the model range, and improve safety and comfort for customers. Due to these advantages, the technology is actively being introduced in the production of foreign and domestic cars. However, in the absence of all necessary resources in Russia, the production of cars using digital twins is not as active as in other countries.

FORMATION OF A MODERN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM: SOCIAL CHALLENGES, COMMUNICATION TRENDS, INNOVATIVE APPROACHES

The article deals with the issues of formation of an organization's HR management ecosystem. The concepts of ecosystem, goals, objectives and key elements of the system are studied. It is substantiated that the modern ecosystem of HR management of an organization involves the formation of an organization's development strategy, HR strategy, which contains the values of the organization; enables the development of corporate culture and positioning of each employee in relation to the development of the organization; includes social responsibility, managerial and communication unity; innovative approaches to the selection of methods of training and development of personnel; new reward systems; advantages of involving different generations in cooperation: expanding the scope of the traditional «working age». It is established that the formation and development of a modern organization's HR management ecosystem is influenced by globalization and geopolitical aspects, demographic factors, staff migration and the struggle for the best candidates, the level of technology development, communication problems, the COVID-19 pandemic, and, given the Ukrainian realities, military actions. The author analyzes the trends in HR management, among which are the following: active use of artificial intelligence; development of electronic offices and electronic portfolios; introduction of blended learning and gamification methods in the management and advanced training of personnel; identification of talents and their effective use. The new management paradigm should take into account current trends in management technologies and form a system of staff motivation. This approach allows us to consider modern HR management technologies according to the main sub-functions. These include: strategic workforce planning; search and selection of personnel; training and development of personnel; performance management of personnel; motivation of personnel through recognition and rewards; career development of personnel, motivation for leadership. It is noted that the social responsibility of an organization in the field of career development and professional development of employees involves the following steps: in accordance with the corporate strategy, to determine the necessary plans for the training needs of staff; equal opportunities for all categories of staff in terms of training and professional development; formation of relevant methods and forms of staff development; identification of particularly promising employees, and development of individual development and career growth programs. Today, the concept of corporate social responsibility is gradually being developed and implemented in the corporate governance systems of leading Ukrainian organizations.

ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF DEMAND FOR WORK IN BIREUEN DISTRICT

In Indonesia, the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT) often occurs which describes the condition of the level of demand for work. The level of demand for work is influenced by several factors such as the wage factor, the level of education completed and the factor of technological development. To overcome the open unemployment rate, the government needs to facilitate access education and skills training needed by job seekers. Research in this journal uses qualitative research methods. Using secondary data sourced from BPS Bireuen Regency in 2017-2019. This research aims to see how the influence of wage factors, recent education levels and technological developments on the level of demand for work and also on the level of open unemployment. Based on this research, it can be seen that the factor of wages, the level of recent education and technological developments have a positive influence on the level of demand for work

Management of green investment of countries in terms of their technological development

In the conditions of technological development and informatization of social relations, the formation of effective organizational support for the processes of investing in green technologies is becoming more and more actualized. The object of the research is the management processes of green investment of the countries of the world by various stakeholders in the conditions of increasing movement and development of productive forces towards Industries 4.0 and 5.0. Among the problems that need to be solved, the following should be noted: – low level of management decision-making and implementation of green investment in countries with transition economies and developing countries; – high level of divergence in technological development among the countries of the world in the system of technological structures. Effective organizational and economic support for green investment at the level of the state, investor, manufacturer, and client should be included among the tools for solving these problems. A comparative analysis of green investment of the countries of the world was carried out. The factors of positive and negative impact on the green investment management process in countries with different levels of economy and technological development were formed. Modern trends in the development of green investment were investigated. The effects of the implementation of green technologies by companies of the world were noted. The benchmarking approach has been improved, with regard to the selection of constituent countries-leaders, which can be used in the management of green investments. The criterion indicators of the SWOT analysis of the green investment management system were formed on the example of the innovative project of the university. The necessary conclusions have been drawn based on the research results. The obtained results are explained by the possibility of their application in the system of implementation of projects and programs regarding investment in green technologies (solar stations, wind stations, sewage treatment system, landscaping and greening of territories, geothermal energy). Practical implementation is possible in various countries of the world under the conditions of sustainable technological development from Industry 3.0 to Industry 5.0.

The effect of the digital economy on services exports competitiveness and ternary margins

In the era of the digital economy, improving the level of information and communications technology (ICT) development is an important measure for achieving the high-quality development of the services exports. This study constructs a comprehensive development index for the digital economy based on the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Statistics Database (UCTADstat) to calculate the services exports competitiveness of 75 countries (regions) around the world from 2010 to 2019 and conducts ternary margin decomposition. The study empirically verifies that the digital economy promotes the competitiveness of services exports, not only driving intensive growth of quantity margin and price margin but also enhances the expansion growth of category margin. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the effect of the digital economy on improving low- and middle-income countries' services exports competitiveness and industries with low ICT intensity is more significant than that of high-income countries and high ICT-intensity industries. The impact of the digital economy on the ternary margin of countries’ different income levels and ICT-intensity sample groups exhibits differentiated estimation results. The conclusions of this study provide novel explanations regarding the effects of the digital economy in improving services exports competitiveness and new perspectives and evidence for strategic policymaking.

Kinetic Modeling of Mead Production

This work studies the fermentation kinetics to produce mead using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, selected from three commercial yeasts to generate a product with better organoleptic characteristics and greater acceptance by a group of untrained tasters. The values of the kinetic parameters of the fermentation were obtained from a series of fermentations at laboratory scale, maintaining constant the initial concentration of biomass (1.5 g/L), the operating temperature (33 °C) and the pH (4) and varying the initial soluble solids concentration in four values (10, 16, 22 and 25 °Brix). Based on the experimental results, a mathematical modeling was developed to estimate the variables of interest. Thus, from the application of the Monod model, the saturation constant (Ks) of 336.6 g/L was obtained, with a maximum specific growth rate ( μ max ) of 0.071 h−1. Using the integrated logistic model, the experimental values were adjusted to obtain the average value of μ max of 0.0815 h−1. Finally, the maximum ethanol production rate (rpm) of 0.2621 g/L was obtained through the modified Gompertz model. Therefore, Monod, integrated logistic and modified Gompertz models were ideal mathematical tools to interpret the kinetic behavior of honey fermentations, predict and control this process, both on a laboratory scale and on a subsequent industrial scale. Thus, contributing to the knowledge of the dynamic behavior of mead production and its level of technological development.

Green Finance, Technological Innovation, and Energy Efficiency Improvements: Evidence from China’s Green Finance Reform Pilot Zone

ABSTRACT Improving energy efficiency is an important pathway for the development of green and low-carbon economy. Based on the evidence from China’s green finance reform pilot zone, we apply the data of Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2005 to 2020 to analyze the action mechanism among green finance, technological innovation and energy efficiency. We find that green finance effectively promotes energy efficiency. Moreover, the analysis of action mechanism reveals that while green finance can drive green technology innovation, only high-quality green technology innovation (green invention patents) can significantly increase energy efficiency. The heterogeneity analysis reveals that green finance has a more significant effect on increasing energy efficiency in regions with large-scale economic development and weak environmental regulation. Furthermore, digital technology can amplify the driving effect of green finance on energy efficiency, and the higher the level of digital technology development, the greater the driving effect of green finance. The findings provide empirical evidence and policy implications for building a market-based green financial system and promoting green and efficient development in regions.

Реализация лингводидактического потенциала методов искусственного интеллекта

The relevance of using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in education has increased significantly during the pandemic and the forced transition to distance learning technologies. It was during this period that there was a breakthrough in the development of digital educational resources based on AI, but methodological support for their effective use was not prepared. The mechanisms of leveling the risks associated with possible effects of AI on education have not been identified. The objective: to identify the risks and potential of AI techniques in their impact on the organization and outcome of the educational process. Research methods: theoretical analysis and qualitative description of practical examples of the exploiting AI techniques in foreign language teaching. The research is based on the general literature review related to the key concepts of the study: artificial intelligence, digital educational resources, foreign language teaching. The results: the most widely used AI techniques are mobile applications and platforms with educational courses; the use of highly intelligent products, such as smart classrooms, is not sufficiently developed; the risks of implementing AI methods are associated with the quality of technology, with the methodological proficiency of a teacher, and with individual learning strategies. The conclusions: at the current level of technology development, AI techniques are a supplementary educational component. It is advisable to involve teachers of particular subjects in the further improvement of these technologies. The practical significance of the results obtained is determined by the assessment of the AI technologies impact on the process of FLT and by the proposed methods of effective use of AI in teaching.

Problems and Prospects of Regulating Relations within a Deal Effected with Participation of Artificial Intelligence

Objective: to research the problem of determining the subject of a legally relevant act effected with participation of artificial intelligence, as well as distribution of responsibility for the consequences of its performance.Methods: to illustrate the problematic and practical significance of the issue of legal personality of artificial intelligence, we chose automated procurements for public and corporate needs; the methodological basis of the research is the set of methods of scientific cognition, including comparison, retrospective analysis, analogy, and synthesis.Results: by the example of the sector of competitive procurements for public and corporate needs, the evolution of automation of economic relations up to artificial intelligence introduction was analyzed. Successfully tested reactions to the challenges of stage-by-stage introduction of digital technologies into economic relations were demonstrated, as well as the respective modifications of legal regulation. Based on the current level of technological development, the prospective questions are formulated, associated with the legal regulation of economic relations implemented with the use of artificial intelligence, first of all, the question of defining the subject of a deal effected with participation of artificial intelligence. As an invitation for discussion after analysis of jurists’ conclusions about the probable variants of the legal status of artificial intelligence, the author proposes variants of answers to the question of its legal personality when effecting a deal. To solve the issue of responsibility for the decisions resulting from the implementation of algorithms of a software and hardware package, we propose several models of distributing such responsibility among its creator, owner, and other persons, whose actions might influence the results of such an algorithm functioning. The proposed conclusions may be used to develop normative regulation both as a set and individually.Scientific novelty: based on the analysis of evolution of the practices of using digital technologies in procurement, the work formulates potential legal problems, determined by the constant automation of economic relations, and proposes legal constructs to solve such problems.Practical significance: the conclusions and proposals of this work are of prospective significance for conceptual comprehension and normative regulation of electronic procurement tools both at corporate and national level.

A FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CADMIUM-BASED ELECTROPLATING COATINGS

The rapid economic, scientific and technical development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to achieve the modern level of technological development requires a wide production of metal products and equipment, using technically and economically effective methods. For this purpose, one of the main ways of producing corrosion-resistant and efficient metal products and parts is cadmium plating. Cadmium plating is flexible, easily amenable to rolling, stamping, bending. Freshly prepared sheathing is better welded on acid-free fluxes than zinc. Goals and objectives. A study of the technology of cadmium tape, made of stainless steel, grade 2X18Н10T. A comparative analysis of the types and composition of cadmium electrolytes has been carried out. The factors affecting the quality of the resulting packaging are investigated, the calculation of the observed main indicators of products after electrolysis has been carried out. Results. Before coating the surface of metal products, geometric calculations of the surface of the coated products have been carried out, and their results have been processed to correctly select the density and current strength for a given operating mode. It has been established that the quality of the coating undergoes changes depending on the composition of the electrolyte, its temperature and current density. The surfactant has contributed to the production of a durable packaging layer with the possibility of increasing potency during use, including the work with such surfactants as dextrin, gelatin, carpentry glue. Conclusion. It has been shown that the cadmiumcoated tape has no gloss unless a surfactant is used. It has been found that when the current is overvoltaged, the tape is covered with fine-grained granules and darkens. When the tape has been cadmated, the cadmium layer has deposited on the surface of the tape increasing with a time increase.

Fintech and the IPO: Evidence from China

IPOs are of great significance to the development of firms, but many firms go extinct some time after conducting an IPO, which seriously hinders the long-term development of firms. Based on the data of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2005-2021, this paper investigates the relationship between fintech development and firms' survival time after IPO using a panel fixed effects model and a mediating effects model, and applies a double difference model to test the endogeneity problem. The study finds that the development of fintech can extend the time to survival after IPO by alleviating financing constraints, reducing transaction costs and accelerating the development of financial inclusion. And this impact is heterogeneous, meaning that the effect is more pronounced in the eastern China, where the level of economic development is higher. Therefore, in the context of national policies to support the development of enterprises, the level of financial technology development in the country should be improved according to local conditions to extend the survival time of enterprises after IPO, which is conducive to the long-term development of enterprises.

Analysis of the Quality of Scientific and Innovative Transformations in the Territories in the General Economic Conditions of the Crisis

Relevance. Recently, the Russian economy has been experiencing a number of serious problems due to the sanctioning influence of Western countries and the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. Together, these factors complicate the dynamic development of the country's economic complex in almost all directions, hindering the creation and generation of knowledge-intensive solutions. In this regard, research that helps to identify the trends and nature of reproductive processes in the regions, as well as the regularities of formation of optimal growth parameters when passing through the post-crisis phase of the socio-economic system, is of particular relevance.The purpose is a quantitative analysis of the quality of scientific and innovative transformations in the territories of the Russian Federation in the pre- and post-crisis periods of functioning of the economy.Objectives: to identify trends in the development of innovation potential of the regions in the context of two time phases (before and after 2014) according to two indicators: the average per capita turnover of innovative products and specific costs of research work. At the same time, it is proposed to link the studied results to the euro exchange rate.Methodology. The article considers the theoretical framework that reveals the peculiarities of the emergence and passage of crises by territories. The work is based on quantitative research methods (econometric and correlation and regression analysis). The data are systematized and synthesized thanks to freely available official statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service. Results. The maximum value of dynamics on the average per capita turnover of innovation products in the pre-crisis period was achieved in Moscow. In the post-crisis phase, the harshest drop in this indicator was also recorded for the Moscow region. In terms of specific R&D expenditures, none of the territories under consideration is characterized by positive transformations in 2014-20120 in relation to 2000-2013.Conclusions. The calculations confirm the existence of a protracted crisis in the reproductive sphere of the analyzed territories. In addition, a strong correlation between the states of the research and innovation sectors is quantitatively substantiated. In this regard, in order to move the country to a fundamentally different level of technological development there is a need to strengthen the support of the scientific base, as well as continuous monitoring of the achieved results.

The Regional Impact Mechanism of Green Finance on the Level of Sustainable Development--Based on the panel data of Chinese s from 2011 to 2020

With the deterioration of the global ecological environment, sustainability is gradually becoming the main theme of economic development. The promotion of green finance can help alleviate the contradiction between the environment and the economy and therefore enhance sustainable development. This paper selects panel data of each from 2011 to 2020 as the research object and explores the effects of green finance, technology development level, the urbanization process, marketization level, and economic openness on the level of sustainable development and the regional differences by using the combination weight measure, convergence test, K-means clustering, and panel data analysis. The empirical results show that the overall degree of differences in sustainable development levels among s and cities tends to decrease from 2011 to 2020. From the overall results, the positive development of green finance, technology development, urbanization, marketization, and economic openness all contribute to sustainable development; from the regional analysis results, except for the western region, the sustainable development patterns of s and cities are coordinated, and factors such as green finance still play a positive role in sustainable development. Finally, combined with the findings, this paper suggests that the relevant suggestions to achieve high-quality development nationwide.

MONETARY POLICY OF WORLD BANKS DURING THE PANDEMIC

MONETARY POLICY OF WORLD BANKS DURING THE PANDEMIC

Advancements and challenges in achieving fully autonomous self-driving vehicles

This article presents a review and analysis of the prospects of achieving full-length autonomous driving, a concept that has long been a dream of humans. Although the automotive industry has made significant progress in many areas, creating fully automated vehicles (level 5) has remained a challenge. This paper examines some companies that are already racing to achieve this feat, such as Tesla, Google's Waymo, and Uber, and the challenges they face, such as ensuring safety and reliability while also dealing with complex and expensive technology. The article highlights the issues that must be addressed when discussing fully automated vehicles, such as legal and regulatory frameworks, public acceptance, and cybersecurity. The current generation of autonomous vehicles has not yet passed road tests, which raises questions about the feasibility of creating and being able to use fully automated vehicles in the near future. Despite the challenges, the article suggests that the high level of technological development implies that fully autonomous vehicles will become a reality someday. The author concludes that while we may not see fully autonomous driving cars on our roads soon, the progress being made in the field is promising, and we may expect to see these vehicles become a common sight on our roads in the future.