Technical Visits Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF FISHING ACTIVITY AND MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES IN THE ARTISAN FISHERMAN COLONY IN BAHIA SEMIARID

In this article we seek to analyze the fishing activity of the Colony of Fishermen and Aquaculture Z-86, in the municipality of Gloria, Bahia. Currently with 246 associates, where randomly, 20 families with low educational level and mostly represented by women were interviewed. The study focuses on the analysis of fishing activity, and the management of its resources against large-scale production. The methodology used was bibliographic research, websites and books, as well as technical visits, where two types of semi-structured questionnaires were applied, one for the colony members, the other for the president. The questionnaires contained questions regarding social, technical and economic aspects. The results indicate that artisanal fishing is going through difficult times due to the changes that man, in general, make in the environment, causing environmental impacts and consequently affecting the community economy.

ANÁLISIS DE LOS DAÑOS EN VIVIENDAS Y EDIFICIOS COMERCIALES DURANTE LA OCURRENCIA DEL SISMO DEL 19 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 2017

Se presenta un análisis de los daños en estructuras de los estados de México, Morelos, Puebla y la Ciudad de México durante la ocurrencia del sismo del 19 de septiembre de 2017, mediante datos recolectados en diversas fuentes como reportes, visitas técnicas y redes sociales, entre otros. Con los datos recabados fue posible geo-localizar cada estructura a nivel predio e identificar las características de cada inmueble tales como el número de pisos y el sistema estructural, además de posibles agravantes de los daños presentados tales como irregularidades geométricas y daños previos, entre otros. Se presenta un análisis estadístico de estos factores con la finalidad de identificar la vulnerabilidad y poder encontrar tendencias para estimar el riesgo.

Preservação de arquitetura eclética sacra: Igreja Matriz de São João Batista de Bocaina–SP, Brasil

The period between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries expresses the advance of coffee culture in the countryside of Sao Paulo. Cities grew rich and many were born from the venture involving coffee farms; Bocaina is one of these, located in the center of the state of Sao Paulo. From this context, a whole landscape that diagrammed Bocaina was constructed, either in its outline or in the architecture of its historic downtown area, where the eclectic architectural language prevailing at the time. Bocaina was born from an agglomeration of people around a chapel, the future Mother Church of the city that, after successive reforms, became one of the most expressive symbols of local history and culture, for both its artistic and social wealth. These facts justify the importance of discussing the Bocaina Mother Church as a historical heritage in the sphere of heritage preservation. We performed a bibliographic review, technical visits, metric and photographic survey, analysis of documents and newspapers, and interviews with some individuals linked to this church.

DIAGNOSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RECOVERY IN BAUXITE MINING IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF POÇOS DE CALDAS – MINAS GERAIS

This research was conducted in order to evaluate the technical and managerial procedures practiced by a company that carried out the bauxite mining, according to the reference coordinates 23S 343200/7587100, in the municipality of Poços de Caldas – Minas Gerais, with regard to its proposals contained in its Degraded Areas Recovery Plan. The methodology adopted was carried out in four distinct phases: bibliographic research, field data survey through technical visit, analysis of its Degraded Area Recovery Plan and use of geoprocessing techniques for the preparation of two maps: Digital Terrain Model and Slope Map, both prepared by ArcGIS, version 10.3. In addition, aerial images were used in order to compare over the years 2005, 2007, 2015 and 2017. The results obtained recommend topographic leveling actions. The smoothing of the area was not effective, which caused erosive processes present in certain cultivated areas, directly affecting the development of local vegetation. In relation to the techniques of exploitation and reforestation, it was noted that the company adhered to extremely common procedures in the region, such as the use of the method of open pit mining and reforestation with eucalyptus plantations.

Evidências de métodos participativos para o planejamento urbano da cidade saudável

Estudar e pesquisar princípios, valores e características de uma cidade saudável é um processoque demanda imersão. É necessário um entendimento do que é saudável ou ainda percorrer um caminhoinvestigativo do que poderia ser o oposto disso, a fim de esclarecer a definição e aproximar dacomplexidade do conceito de saúde. Notando que o ambiente urbano é de considerável multiplicidade, asdiversas instâncias que compõem a cidade saudável podem ser analisadas simultaneamente. Este artigotem como objetivo apontar métodos participativos e as suas respectivas evidências para subsidiar astomadas de decisões dos gestores públicos, no seu cotidiano, para o desenvolvimento da cidade saudável.A metodologia para tal apontamento baseou-se em revisões bibliográficas em relação aos temas, emleitura com profundidade dos documentos gerados nas cidades, após desenvolvimento dos projetos comatuação da academia, gestão pública e comunidade, diálogos das visitas técnicas realizadas nas cidades eregistros fotográficos. Como resultados, o LABINUR/FEC/UNICAMP, a partir do monitoramento dasexperiências, tem obtido elementos para a formulação de uma metodologia do Planejamento UrbanoBaseado em Evidências para a Cidade Saudável que poderá ser indicada para os gestores públicos com ointuito de relacionar a escolha ideal das iniciativas a serem postas em prática e trazer a participação socialpara o processo de tomada de decisões. Concluiu-se que o monitoramento dos métodos participativospermite aproximar da realidade social vivenciada em micro espaços e identificar evidências que podem sersignificativas no processo de construção de políticas públicas para a cidade saudável.

A EMERGÊNCIA DE UM NOVO PARADIGMA PARA PRESERVAÇÃO DO TERRITÓRIO DA PECUÁRIA FAMILIAR NO PAMPA BRASILEIRO

Este estudo discute questões relacionadas aos conflitos territoriais, na presença de um rural reconfigurado e diverso na premissa do desenvolvimento rural sustentável frente à um paradigma agroecológico. Apresenta estratégias agroecológicas que promovem a permanência do pecuarista familiar fortalecendo seus laços com o ecossistema, sua produção e seu modo de vida. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica das metodologias e estratégias agroecológicas que abrangem os conceitos que norteiam a pesquisa: agroecologia, pecuária familiar e ecossistema Pampa. Para tanto, foi realizada uma visita técnica em uma unidade demonstrativa do Projeto RS Biodiversidade, localizada em Santana do Livramento-RS, com foco no pastoreio rotativo, entrevista junto ao proprietário-produtor e o técnico da Emater responsável pela execução da atividade. Como resultados destaca-se o incremento da eficiência produtiva e a promoção da conservação ambiental no Pampa, utilizando recursos locais e provocando a eficiência do agroecossistema para a preservação da pecuária familiar.

NDI COMUNIDADE: AMPLIANDO A RELAÇÃO TEORIA E PRÁTICA NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL E CONTINUADA DE ACADÊMICOS E PROFISSIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL

The NDI Community Extension project aims to promote the initial and continuing education of teachers and professionals in the area of early childhood education. Since 1994, the Center for Child Development (NDI) linked to the Center for Educational Sciences (CED) of the Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC), operates through the NDI Community Extension project in the initial and continuing education of students, teachers and area managersfromKindergarten and other areas. This project is linked to teaching and research because it establishes dialogue with the pedagogical practices of NDI and the research carried out by its teachers. Throughout its existence, the Extension Project welcomed the community of teachers and sought to ensure a space for articulation between theory and practice in its formation. This article analyzes the questionnaires sent after the technical visits and thematic training, in order to understand what was formative in the experience of these professionals.

O uso da aprendizagem baseada em problemas no ensino técnico: projetos integradores como experiência interdisciplinar

O uso de metodologias ativas, tais como a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas – ABP, tem sido cada vez mais divulgado no Brasil, como ferramenta de uma educação que traga protagonismo aos estudantes. O presente relato tem como objetivo apontar como os Projetos Integradores, que são propostos na nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC, estão no espírito das metodologias ativas e como eles podem auxiliar no protagonismo dos estudantes. A experiência aqui retratada foi interdisciplinar, reunindo sete disciplinas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Tocantins - IFTO, Campus Palmas, com o objetivo de possibilitar aos estudantes do 2º ano do Curso Técnico em Eletrotécnica, expressarem através de uma exposição artística seu aprendizado de uma visita técnica. O projeto possibilitou a interface de conhecimentos, condensou avaliações, para socializar com a comunidade interna e externa os conteúdos e experiências da visita técnica. O projeto foi concebido no formato de ABP, tendo o seu início numa provocação aos estudantes na aula de Arte, lançando mão também da Pesquisa e Inovação Responsável, segundo os critérios da Comissão Europeia, como forma de integrar ciência e sociedade. A experiência trouxe como resultados: a otimização de recursos, proporcionando processos e produtos que contribuíram com a formação dos atores envolvidos, no sentido de engajamento na resolução de problemas, maior conhecimento da cultura geral; fomento ao processo de autogestão dos estudantes; aproximação com o setor produtivo local de Arte; e o exercício interdisciplinar que reduziu o stress dos estudantes que cursavam dezenove disciplinas diferentes.

Qualidade da água de poços paralisados no município de Itapipoca, Ceará

O Estado do Ceará, devido à sua localização e clima, possui características bem específicas que afetam diretamente a disponibilidade hídrica na região. A elevada radiação solar incidente no Estado ressalta a necessidade de se realizar uma gestão integrada das águas superficiais e subterrâneas na região. Contudo, cadastros realizados pela Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais (CPRM) apontam a existência de, pelo menos, 89 poços sem uso no município de Itapipoca/CE. Porém, não são apresentados dados sobre os motivos que levaram a sua inutilização. Assim, diante da necessidade ao acesso à água que predomina no semiárido, o presente trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa sobre os principais motivos que levam os poços da região à paralisação e um estudo sobre a qualidade da água dos mesmos, visando identificar suas possibilidades de reativação e uso. Para tanto, foram analisados cadastros de poços perfurados no Estado, visitas técnicas e análises laboratoriais de amostras coletadas em 8 poços. Durante o estudo foi identificado que os principais motivos para paralisação estão apresentados pela população estão relacionados a problemas de manutenção, baixa vazão, entupimento (acidental ou proposital) e qualidade da água. Por fim, foi possível concluir que apesar das amostras analisadas não atenderem aos padrões de potabilidade estabelecido pela Portaria de Consolidação n° 05/2017, o uso de tecnologias como dessalinização e alcalinização da água poderiam reativá-los.

Scrap Cost Reduction Process Improvement Actions in a Microwave Assembly Plant

Costs are indicators of the financial and economic health of a company, as they are part of the production chain and are therefore necessary for the manufacture of a product, but when extra costs are included in production profitability is compromised. This paper aims to present the reduction of scrap costs of imported materials, identifying the problems related to the product and its impact on the company. As specific objectives, it aims to understand the problems that occur for the amount of parts disposal; develop a containment and correction action plan; implementation of improvements to the inspection and receiving line. As a methodology, we used a case study in a microwave oven assembly plant, where technical visits were conducted by two leaders responsible for the assembly, inspection and receiving sector, where the collection instruments were performed. For the elaboration of the solutions we used the 5W2H tool and control chart to find the faults in the parts.

A proposal for an Atmospheric Discharge Protection System (ADPS) for a Public School in the City of Manaus-AM

The present study sought to highlight the importance of protection against electric discharges to a school in the public school of the city of Manaus-AM, based on the basic recommendations and guidelines for making decisions presented in the elaboration of a ADPS proposal. The methodology of the work was based on the collection of information on the subject from the theoretical-bibliographic research, as well as the accomplishment of the field research in the school through the technical visits for data collection. The results of the research were presented in the technical verification report of the ADPS need at school, so the study carried out a detailed study on the protection risk management, the analysis of the risk components to the atmospheric discharges, general risk assessment, evaluation the design of the protection system. Based on the report, the research presented the appropriate recommendations to assist school management in decision making, considering the importance of protecting the public heritage from the damages caused by the atmospheric discharges.

Preface

Joint IMEKO TC1-TC7-TC13-TC18 Symposium 2019July 2-5, 2019St. Petersburg, RussiaThe Symposium was organized by the D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM) with the assistance of the Russian Academy of Metrology in the persons of Anton Pronin, Acting Director of VNIIM and Vladimir Okrepilov, President of the Russian Academy of Metrology, who co-chaired the National Organizing Committee.The organizers of the Symposium took into account that the future sets interdisciplinary challenges entailing a growing need for a better mutual understanding and interaction of professionals in various disciplines.For the first time, members of four IMEKO Technical Committees were invited to participate in the Symposium:TC1 Education and Training in Measurement and Instrumentation TC7 Measurement ScienceTC13 Measurements in Biology and MedicineTC18 Measurement of Human FunctionsSymposium objectives:• To confirm that measurement science responds to the emerging needs of society. • To address the new challenges of the Industry 4.0 through cooperation of scientists under various TCs.Symposium motto: “The future glimmers long before it comes to be”.In addition to the plenary meeting consisting of four sessions there were held at the Symposium: • 13 thematic sessions and meetings with oral presentations on the subjects:• “Measurement science”, • “Measurements in the digital era”, • “Measurements in education and training”, • “Measurement of human functions”, • “Measurements of various quantities and their features”, • a poster session, • a round table “Terminology issues related to expanding boundaries of measurements”, • a Meeting of TC1, where professors of Russian and foreign universities discussed educational issues related to measurements.The Symposium was attended about 100 people from 23 countries:Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, France, Germany, Croatia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, North Macedonia, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and USA.We managed to get together scientists working in measurement science, professors engaged in teaching undergraduate and graduate students, and specialists in measurements of multidimensional quantities characterizing humans. Such joint participation of various specialists was very beneficial to all of them and their interaction will undoubtedly have a synergistic effect.The Symposium made it possible to focus on the most relevant areas of measurement, among which we can note:• measurements (including those that use artificial intelligence and big data) of multidimensional quantities characterizing a person’s properties, such as his cognitive and psychological characteristics;• measurements of multidimensional quantities that determine properties of social and economic systems, as well as the quality of services, including those related to education;• methods to improve the objectivity of expert assessments to a level ensuring the compatibility and comparability with an uncertainty acceptable for practical purposes;• methods to improve the reliability of measurement results with a smaller cost of the metrological maintenance due to the automation of the metrological service and, if necessary, to the automated application of corrections.The Collected Articles of the Symposium include 78 papers peer-reviewed by at least two members of the International Program Committee.The Symposium was held on the premises located in the central part of St. Petersburg - one of the most beautiful cities in the world. In honor of the Symposium, the Co-chairperson of the National Organizing Committee A. Pronin and the Chairperson of the International Program Committee E. Benoit fired the traditional midday shot from the old cannon installed on the territory of the Peter-and-Paul Fortress.Participants of the Symposium took part in a sightseeing tour of St. Petersburg and in technical visits to leading technical universities of St. Petersburg arranged by the Organizers.According to many participants, the organizational decisions made, have largely contributed to the friendly and creative atmosphere of the Symposium and its success.In conclusion, we believe it is our duty to thank the members of the IMEKO General Council for their support in choosing the venue for the Symposium, and the members of the National Organizing Committee, International Program Committee, Advisory Board, and all the participants for their active and fruitful work.Anton Pronin, Co-Chairperson of the SymposiumKseniia Sapozhnikova, Roald Taymanov,members of the National Organizing and International Program Committees, members of the Editorial Board

TECHNOLOGY MAPPING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODIESEL USING COTTONSEED AND PALM OIL IN THE STATE OF BAHIA, BRAZIL

Biodiesel produced from cottonseed and oil palm is discussed, foregrounded on articles retrieved from databases, coupled to the characterization of the above prime matters within a life cycle approach in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Technical visits in two producing areas were undertaken for better information on biodiesel stages, namely the western and southern regions of the state of Bahia respectively for cottonseed and oil palm. The productive stages of the two cultures are very different: whereas cotton is characterized as agribusiness with intensive fertilizers and pesticides, the oil palm is predominantly grown by familial farms with low technological level. The biodiesel production unit lies more than 800 km from the extraction site, in the case of cottonseed, and approximately 210 km distant in the case of oil palm. Current study delineates the two productive chains and aims at further research to assess their potential environmental impacts.

A visita técnica como recurso metodológico ao estudo do turismo e geografia em Unidades de Conservação

Este artigo discorre sobre a importância das visitas técnicas como recurso metodológico no segmento do turismo através do olhar geográfico, requisito importante para o ensino-aprendizagem. A pesquisa se desenvolveu no espaço geográfico do Delta do Parnaíba e abordou as experiências dos alunos e professores de graduação e pós-graduação da Universidade Federal do Piauí. O cenário estudado foram duas unidades de conservação: a Área de Proteção Ambiental Delta do Parnaíba (APA) e a Reserva Extrativista Marinha Delta do Parnaíba (RESEX). A metodologia utilizada foi a preparação para o campo com leituras, aulas, levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre a área visitada. Foi utilizado um roteiro de observação, registro fotográfico e mapeamento dos lugares de interesse turístico e compartimentação dos elementos naturais e antropológicos. Os resultados apontaram que a relação teoria-prática é um recurso didático importante para resultados satisfatórios pois aborda a formação (teórica) e a experiência (prática) como fatores primordiais para a aprendizagem. Assim, ao final das visitas os alunos e professores fizeram reuniões e check list de todos os pontos observados que possam ser utilizados na formação profissional dos discentes e em metodologias criativas.

Understanding the Brazilian expanded polystyrene supply chain and its reverse logistics towards circular economy

This paper aims to investigate the supply chain and reverse channels of expanded polystyrene packaging connection in Brazil and their roles to discuss the main challenges towards circular economy. In order to achieve this goal, we propose a four-step method, anchored in the literature, technical visits, and interviews with experts in the expanded polystyrene (EPS) industry. First, the EPS supply chain was characterised and mapped, and secondly, the stakeholders and logistics activities in reverse channels were analysed. Third, the Brazilian legislation and chain structure was reviewed to obtain an understanding of how this can influence the activities developed in reverse channels. Fourth, with an analysis of the data collected before, the barriers to implement EPS reverse chain were presented. The main results establish that the EPS can complete one cycle of the circular economy, which is recycling, but products need to be separated and washed. The most significant waste generators are public and private institutions, residences, and retailers. Notable barriers to its recycling are a lack of understanding of the nature of expanded polystyrene recycling by Brazilian people, high transport cost due to material density, and the dispersion of post-consumer expanded polystyrene in several regions of the country linked with the small number of recycling facilities. Finally, this issue could be explored in industries and companies that require their managers to adopt strategies to improve reverse logistics in order to promote the circular economy. The companies’ actions could facilitate a stronger circular supply chain since they could increase recycling efforts, reduce expanded polystyrene waste, and present new business models. The resulting generation of employment would contribute to the quality of life of contemporary society. The findings presented in the paper enable industries to identify and guide the most demanding significant steps and processes, and to shift the reverse chain and expanded polystyrene recycling to ensure that they operate more efficiently.

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PERDAS POR IMPROVISAÇÃO EM CANTEIROS DE OBRAS

RESUMO: O making-do se destaca porque representa um potencial para gerar outras perdas, como redução de segurança, problemas de qualidade, produtividade e retrabalho. O principal objetivo da pesquisa é analisar e investigar as perdas por making-do, relacionadas à de gestão da produção de três empresas de Goiânia, com a finalidade de identificar as categorias de perda e seus possíveis impactos. A pesquisa é classificada como quantitativa e qualitativa, também como aplicada e exploratória. Com base nisso, foram analisados dados durante as visitas técnicas em cada obra, dentre as quais se destaca a observação direta não participante, a aplicação de questionário e a análise documental. Em acréscimo foram realizados registros fotográficos das atividades produtivas com ocorrência de perdas, além da análise da organização do canteiro de obras dos empreendimentos em estudo. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que a maioria das improvisações está relacionada ao planejamento de curto prazo, logística e projetos. No entanto, os impactos mais importantes desses tipos de perdas são a necessidade de retrabalho e perda de material. Como resultados detaca-se a importância do estudo das perdas relacionadas ao making-do, uma vez que gera outros tipos de perdas, e vai além do desperdício de materiais, evidenciando-se questões relacionadas à saúde e segurança da mão de obra e impactos no processo de produção como um todo.
 ABSTRACT: The making-do stands out because it represents a potential to generate other losses, such as security reduction, quality problems, productivity and rework. The main objective of the research is to analyze and investigate the losses by making-do, related to the management of the production of three companies of Goiânia, for the purpose of identifying the categories of loss and their possible impacts. The research is classified as quantitative and qualitative, also as applied and exploratory. Based on this, data were analyzed during the technical visits in each work, among which stands out the non-participant direct observation, the application of questionnaire and the documentary analysis. In addition, photographic records of the productive activities with the occurrence of losses were carried out, in addition to the analysis of the organization of the construction site of the projects in study. The results of this study indicated that most improvisations are related to short-term planning, logistics and projects. However, the most important impacts of these types of losses are the need for rework and loss of material. As a result, the importance of the study of the losses related to the making-do stands out, since it generates other types of losses, and goes beyond the waste of materials, evidencing issues related to the health and safety of the workforce and impacts in the process of Production as a whole.

Plasma fresco congelado: insumo farmacêutico para produção de medicamentos hemoderivados

Introduction: In Brazil, hemotherapy was started as a medical specialty in the 1940s in the Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo axis with the inauguration of the first Blood Bank at the Fernandes Figueira Institute. As a governmental initiative, Law n. 1,075/1950/MS, which provides for the voluntary donation of blood, was promulgated, culminating with the Law n. 10,205/2001, which regulated paragraph 4 of article 199 of the Federal Constitution, regarding collection, processing, storage, distribution and application of blood and its components. Among the components obtained in the Hemotherapy Services, we can highlight the frozen fresh plasma (FFP) that can be transfused and, when becoming a surplus of the therapy, continue to be used to produce industrialized blood products. Objective: This study intends to demonstrate the most relevant aspects regarding the recovery of factor VIII content, in the FFP units collected in 72 Hemotherapy Services visited in the country, aiming at its safe and effective use both for therapeutic use and as a pharmaceutical input in the production of blood products. Method: The methodology adopted included five steps: Elaboration and validation of the questionnaire applied; Selection of Hemotherapy Services to be visited; Analysis of quality indicators according to the Donabedian Triad; Collection, packaging and transport of FFP units; Analysis of the Factor VIII content in the FFP units collected during the technical visit during the period from 2013 to 2015. Results: Among the results obtained, it is important to highlight the concentration of factor VIII (IU/mL), in the FFP units, with the following results: mean 0.68; standard deviation 0.32; coefficient of variation 47.1%, confidence interval 0.64 to 0.71. Conclusions: factor VIII content greater than or equal to 0.70 IU/mL was found in 38.5% of FFP units, as specified in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia, which can and should be used as a pharmaceutical input in the production of blood products. It was also found a disposal of approximately 500 million IU/mL of factor VIII, which represents 83.0% of the annual acquisition by the Ministry of Health of Concentrate of factor VIII for medical uses. Such use could generate significant savings in public coffers.

Percepção do aluno à proposta de Transferência de Tecnologia de Processamento Mínimo de Hortaliças

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a percepção dos alunos do curso Técnico em Agropecuária, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Campus Campo Novo do Parecis (IFMT), sobre a transferência de tecnologia de processamento mínimo de alimentos para o pequeno produtor rural. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foram utilizados: entrevista com roteiro estruturado; visita técnica a uma pequena propriedade rural, e intervenção através de aula teórica dialogada sobre Alimentos Minimamente Processados (AMP) e Transferência de Tecnologia (TT). O presente estudo estimulou os alunos a desenvolverem senso crítico por meio de contato com o pequeno produtor rural, os quais consideraram importante para sua formação profissional. A metodologia utilizada (aula teórica sobre AMP e TT, bem como a Visita Técnica a um pequeno produtor rural) contribuiu com o ensino aprendizagem de 90,48% dos alunos amostrados. As concepções dos alunos, mediante seus relatos remetem para as vantagens dos AMP para o consumidor, no tocante à praticidade, podendo estar relacionado à aula teórica proferida pelo pesquisador.

Long-term sustainability assessment of micro-hydro projects: Case studies from Venezuela

In 2016, 1100 million people lack access to electricity, mainly in developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America. In these countries, there is a large potential for hydroelectric production through off-grid microgrids, although not fully exploited. This work assesses the long-term sustainability of off-grid micro-hydro projects operating in rural indigenous communities. More specifically, four sustainability dimensions are analyzed: environmental, technical, socioeconomic and institutional, and specific indicators are proposed for each one. In particular, 6 micro-hydroelectric power plants in southern Venezuela are used as case studies. The data gathering includes surveys, technical visits and interviews with technicians, engineers and beneficiaries. Results show that the institutional dimension and, in particular, alignment between involved institutions has been fundamental for the long-term sustainability. Indeed, appropriate institutional alignment is the key to strengthening the impacts on: (i) the environmental dimension, minimizing emissions and impacts on local ecosystems; (ii) the technical dimension, improving adequacy and reliability of technologies; and (iii) the socioeconomic dimension, making efficient use of electricity to enhance education, health and productivity. Lessons learned and conclusions of this research can significantly contribute to improve future projects, in particular to the 22 included in the electrification plans of Venezuela in coming years.

Potencialidades das visitas técnicas na docência universitária

A prática educativa realizada nas instituições de ensino superior representa uma atividade louvável, sobretudo por proporcionar, sobremaneira, a formação profissional. Embora constitua um fazer de suma importância, desafios não deixam de permear a docência universitária, o que requer a constante reformação dos métodos de ensino adotados nas salas de aula. Portanto, este texto aborda o potencial das visitas técnicas, consideradas como métodos inovadores de ensino, e os reflexos por elas promovidos quando aplicadas em disciplinas de cunho técnico-operacional, no Curso Superior de Biblioteconomia. Também apresenta fundamentos teóricos sobre docência universitária, algumas características das visitas técnicas e reflexões a respeito do ensino superior de Biblioteconomia - com foco nas disciplinas de Representação documentária. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, sendo conduzido por meio de uma pesquisa participante realizada em duas disciplinas de Biblioteconomia: Representação Descritiva I e II, cuja técnica utilizada na coleta de dados foi a observação direta. A fim de fortalecer as evidências coletadas, o estudo também estabelece diálogos com a literatura, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica. Constatou-se que as visitas técnicas funcionam como instrumentos pedagógicos que provocam a motivação e engajamento dos participantes com o aprendizado, como também promovem a identificação e a visibilidade das práticas de catalogação em acervos bibliográficos. Em síntese, as visitas muito contribuem com o lecionamento de disciplinas técnicas, como a catalogação de documentos, proporcionando a fusão entre teoria e prática; entre sala de aula e mercado de trabalho.