Technical Areas Research Articles

Profile, Status, and Prospects of Electronic Companies in Foshan City: Basis for Development Plan

The comprehensive utilization of resources has become an urgent task to transform the mode of economic growth, develop a circular economy, build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, and an important way to ensure the sustainable use of resources, reduce the pressure of environmental pollution, improve the efficiency of resource utilization and improve the quality of economic development. The study utilized a descriptive research method, the study aims to depict the profile, status, and prospects of these companies, with a particular focus on marketing, technical, and financial aspects for strategies, and innovation, opportunities, and challenges for operations. The respondents involved in the research are the managers or business owners of these electronic companies. Significant findings reveal that the five electronic companies in Foshan City are substantial in size, operating as joint-stock companies with assets valued in millions of RMB and employing thousands of individuals, primarily focused on household appliances. Strategies within these companies, particularly in marketing, technical, and financial areas, require enhancement to meet the continuously evolving needs and demands of the market, influenced by changes in technology and consumer behavior. Operations within electronic companies, emphasizing innovation, opportunities, and challenges, are crucial variables to consider for improving competitiveness in the electronic products industry. The study's output presents a proposed development plan deemed helpful for the electronic companies in Foshan City, providing a roadmap for their future growth and success.

Professional and Communicative Competence of Students of Technical Areas of Training in the Subject Field of Graphic Disciplines

Professional and Communicative Competence of Students of Technical Areas of Training in the Subject Field of Graphic Disciplines

Ways of Development of Modern Urban Environment in the Context of Appropriation of Underground Spaces

Today, in many countries of the world, the appropriation of underground areas is directly related to urban planning and development. If, until now, the subsoil was considered a technical area through which the engineering and technical infrastructures passed, a new task is presented: to develop the principles of functional zoning of the given areas by the master plan of the city, which is considered in the article. The purpose of this article is to develop a method of systematic appropriation of underground areas, which will contribute to the solution of socio-economic problems in the context of urban development. During the research, a study of local and international experience was carried out, on the basis of which an analysis of the situation of underground and above-ground areas was developed in the context of the urban environment, on the example of Yerevan. A methodology was formed based on the principle of effectiveness of the interconnection of the discussed underground and above-ground areas and the application of new volume-spatial approaches.

Роль проектной практики в подготовке молодых специалистов инженерного профиля

The rapid development of industrial enterprises in the Russian Federation, the progressive increase in capacity, and the opening of new production facilities have especially highlighted the existing problem with the training of engineering personnel. The number of university graduates trained in engineering and technical specialties and areas of training does not correspond to the required number of young specialists at enterprises. The exist-ing project practice of attracting young specialists – university graduates to industrial and construction enter-prises was formed in the last 10 years and did not take into account the situation of a large-scale shortage of qualified personnel. The research of many scientists is focused on analyzing the interaction between universi-ties and industrial enterprises in terms of the commercialization of scientific research, but the issue of as-sessing the effectiveness of project management to attract young specialists to industrial enterprises remains insufficiently studied.

The ideathon as an instrument for entrepreneurial education in university contexts

The purpose of this study is to provide support for the use of ideathons as a useful tool in entrepreneurial education, enhancing the practical perspective of students and constituting a sound basis for generating collaborative ecosystems in universities. The objectives include exploring and describing the main steps and issues in organising this type of event. Considering the descriptive nature of the phenomenon and the first-hand information available, the case study approach has been used. To do so, a number of interviews have been conducted with high-level management positions with extensive experience in the university and in private companies. As a result, we provide a set of guidelines for organising and running successful ideathons in social sciences: (1) planning, (2) budgeting, (3) training, (4) running the competition, and (5) networking and benefits. A successful ideathon should help improve the reputation of the institution. Students can also increase their employability due to enhanced entrepreneurial skills and their interaction with real companies during the competition. Considering the scarcity of studies addressing ideathon, from a theoretical and empirical point of view, we offer a social sciences approach to idea-generation events, which have traditionally been covered from technical areas (IT domain).

Review of AlexNet for Medical Image Classification

In recent years, the rapid development of deep learning has led to a wide range of applications in the field of medical image classification. The variants of neural network models with ever-increasing performance share some commonalities: to try to mitigate overfitting, improve generalization, avoid gradient vanishing and exploding, etc. AlexNet first utilizes the dropout technique to mitigate overfitting and the ReLU activation function to avoid gradient vanishing. Therefore, we focus our discussion on AlexNet, which has contributed greatly to the development of CNNs in 2012. After reviewing over 40 papers, including journal papers and conference papers, we give a narrative on the technical details, advantages, and application areas of AlexNet.

Increase development productivity by domain-specific conceptual modeling

This paper addresses the question of whether and how the development and use of a domain-specific modeling method (DSMM) can increase productivity in the development of technical systems in an industrial setting. This is because an essential prerequisite for DSMMs to become established in operational practice is that productivity increases can be achieved with them and qualitative benefits such as quality assurance, innovation potential, and the like can be exploited. After all, managers’ decisions are ultimately based on whether or not the use of a new method pays off. We illustrate our findings using the example of a DSMM development for the design and realization of electric vehicle testbeds, which we carried out as part of a cooperation project. This work sets the base for possible generalization into other automotive, mechatronic, and technical areas.

Embryological Perspectives on Gamete and Embryo Donation

This article addresses the issue of gamete and embryo donation from the perspective of the assisted reproduction laboratory, where the so-called "clinical" embryologists work making all the current variants of in vitro fertilization including the andrology laboratory, oocyte collection, conventional insemination or through ICSI, embryo culture, gamete and embryo quality evaluation, embryo transfer, cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, preimplantation genetic studies, results analyses and quality control, assessment and improvement. To think that the responsibility of an ART laboratory only attains the strictly technical or logistical areas is an error or a simplification that excludes embryologists from other important matters. Clinical embryologists have the obligation to ensure that procedures follow strict ethical rules, highlight deviations or errors from these canons, and refuse to act in cases of violation of said standards. Donating embryos to assist in others´ efforts on building a family is an important option for patients who are considering the disposal of cryopreserved embryos, in excess those needed to meet their own fertility goals.
 Gamete donation, a more widespread procedure, can help us to better understand certain aspects of embryo donation. Donation must be a free transaction, not influenced by guilt or any other type of pressure or coercion of any kind.
 We are facing a totally new issue because we are the only species on the planet that can manipulate our own gametes and embryos in a context where assisted reproduction represents a dramatic challenge to the social values that govern our way of being born, without precedent in human history.
 
 

Do CEO's cultural backgrounds enhance or impede corporate innovation?

Prior studies have documented the influences of the cultural values of collectivism and high power distance on creativity and innovation. However, despite the extensive body of literature on how CEOs' prior experiences affect firm behavior, little is known about how executives' cultural backgrounds impact corporate innovation. We use the number of clan genealogies in the hometown cities of CEOs as an exogenous variable to identify executives' cultural backgrounds. Our empirical analyses reveal that firms led by CEOs who were born and raised in areas with strong clan cultures exhibit less corporate innovation than those led by CEOs with weak clan cultural backgrounds. We theorize two mediating mechanisms and demonstrate how these mediators, creativity-oriented corporate culture and the proportion of top managers with working experience in technical areas, influence the relationship between clan culture and corporate innovation. We conduct several tests to confirm the robustness of our results. This study highlight the importance of CEOs' cultural imprinting on firm innovation and demonstrate the mechanisms underlying the influence of China's traditional culture on corporate innovative strategy.

State of The Art (SOTA) Heterogeneous Intergrated Packaging (SHIP) Program

The 2018 DoD National Defense Strategy (NDS) highlights Building a More Lethal Force through Modernization of Key Capabilities as one of the tenets in the strategic approach. Microelectronics has been highlighted as a key focus area for DoDs Modernization. To rapidly address the development of these technologies, the Trusted and Assured Microelectronics (T&AM) Program is executing the development of key technologies in accordance with a roadmap focusing on 6 different Technical Execution Areas (TEA).

Noise risk assessment practices of four South African manufacturing and utilities companies.

The South African Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) Regulations, mandates employers to conduct a noise risk assessment, which records specific variables for determining the status of exposure and the need for implementation of control measures. The study evaluated company noise risk assessment practices for alignment with legal requirements and specific risk assessment guidelines. Convenience sampling was used to select the four manufacturing and utilities companies that participated in the study. The participating companies submitted latest noise risk assessment records for evaluation through the READ approach. The noise risk assessment records of three of the four companies omitted the recording of factors such as the reasonable deterioration in or failure of control measures, adequate control and formalisation of hearing conservation programmes (HCPs). When evaluated against the South African National Standard 31000 Risk Assessment guidelines, the risk assessment processes of the respective companies were lacking in addressing aspects related to establishing communication and consultation, evaluation, adapting, continually improving, leadership and commitment, and integration. The recorded information on the noise risk assessment reports from the four participating companies were incomplete, negatively affecting subsequent HCP management processes and decision-making. Future studies should investigate other aspects such as the implementation status of recommended noise controls as well as their effectiveness as recorded in the noise risk assessment records.Contribution:This study provided firsthand insights of company noise risk assessment practices, specifically identifying functional and technical areas requiring improvement to enhance current efforts directed towards the minimisation of NIHL within HCPs. The study highlighted that the current practices on recording noise risk assessment information remain incomplete, adversely diminishing the impact of the assessment as an important decision-making tool. The identified technical issues specifically, when addressed, will increase trust on the decisions derived from noise risk assessments.

Machine learning guided development of high-performance nano-structured nickel electrodes for alkaline water electrolysis

Utilizing a human in the loop Bayesian optimisation paradigm based on Gaussian process regression, we optimized an Ni electrodeposition method to synthesize nano-structured, high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction electrodes. Via exploration-exploitation stages, the synthesis process variables current density, temperature, ligand concentration and deposition time were optimized influencing the deposition layer morphology and, consequently, hydrogen evolution reaction activity. The resulting structures range from micrometre-sized, star-shaped features to nano-sized sandpaper-like structures with very high specific surface areas and good hydrogen evolution reaction activity. Using the overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 as the figure of merit, hydrogen evolution reaction overpotentials as low as -117 mV were reached, approaching the best known technical high surface area electrodes (e.g. Raney Ni). This is achieved with considerably fewer experiments than what would have been necessary with a linear grid search, as the machine learning model could capture the unintuitive interdependencies of the synthesis variables.

Teaching Analytics Online: A Self-Study of Professional Practice

ABSTRACT As the COVID-19 pandemic caused severe disruption to education enterprises throughout the world, the main response by educational institutions was to move to online learning environments. The purpose of this study was to understand better how instructors could improve online learning for a professional-level week-long short course in a highly technical area (data analytics), which had, pre-COVID, been a hands-on computer, laboratory-based learning experience. The authors used self-study of professional practice to elicit and understand the major issues and concerns of the transition to an online learning environment. Under the guidance of a colleague in teacher education, three course instructors recorded and analyzed their experiences and, through discussion and data analysis, gained a deeper understanding of three challenging dimensions: course adaption to the online environment, personnel considerations, and technological considerations. Through the reflection that self-study provided, several of these challenges were addressed in subsequent courses. Self-study provided the instructors with an opportunity to reflect on the transition of the course to an online environment. This, in turn, provided an opportunity for course improvement and, arguably more importantly, an opportunity for the instructors to better understand each other’s concerns and desires as it pertained to the course.

Data-Driven Career Placement Examination System with Prediction Model in Forecasting Licensure Performance Using Regression Techniques

Education plays a vital role in the development of a country, and predicting the students' performance is essential to identify future risks they might encounter and enable academic institutions to take corrective actions to prevent them from failure. This study used the descriptive and developmental method of research, and criterion sampling was used to identify/select the individuals who can provide the best information for the objective of this study. After gathering the Career Placement Exam (CPE) results, the output is now imported to the developed predictive data analysis tool on which the simple-linear regression is used. Since the CPE results are not strong enough to verify the predicted result, all the undergraduate semestral grades are also used and subdivided for each of the seven technical subjects/areas, where a multilinear regression model is used. Overall, regarding Security, Functionality, Usability, Reliability, and Portability, the level of acceptance for the developed prototype system is Highly Acceptable. Moreover, for the result of the level of accuracy using the simple linear regression model (for the CPE) and the multilinear regression model (for the seven technical areas), the accuracy level of >=85 is based on the predicted and actual data generated in the Analytics tool Using the equation/model derived from linear regression techniques, the machine learning prototype can determine whether the students can pass or fail the CAAP Licensure Examination as follows: if α≤79.99, then the student will fail; if 85.00≤α≥80.00, then it is questionable for the student to pass and if α≥85.01 then the student will likely pass the licensure examination.

Environmental education in international cooperation between Russian and Kazakh universities: case study

Introduction. Environmental problems and climate change are global challenges to mankind, requiring joint efforts for a joint solution. Predictions of climate scientists determine the need for radical changes in the way of life of modern civilization and the search for new approaches to environmental education of the younger generation. The aim of the article is to describe the joint experience of Russian and Kazakh universities in environmental education to form the foundations of environmental competence in an international project and analyze the results obtained. Materials and methods. An interdisciplinary project in English "Environmental Education: an international project on climate problems in the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan" involved 114 students of Petrozavodsk State University and Eurasian National University. The research methodology was based on a comparative analysis of the data obtained through formalized questionnaire surveys of open and closed types, as well as self-assessment and statistical methods. Research results. The experiment revealed positive dynamics in the environmental competence development of students of both universities, similarities and differences in their awareness of the vital importance of environmental issues for the world and their regions of residence. The target values of the experimental groups proved to be statistically significantly higher than those of the control group in their understanding of the seriousness of global warming problems (temp_PetrSU = 5,86, р<0,001; temp_ENU = 2,83, р<0,001), plastic waste recycling (temp_PetrSU = 5,12, р<0,001; temp_ENU = 4,27, р<0,001), forest fires (temp_PETRU = 5,25, р<0,001; temp_ENU = 5,80, р<0,001), droughts and food crisis (temp_PETRU = 5,31, р<0,001; temp_ENU = 5,27, р<0,001). The participants in the international project perceived the dangers of loss of a breathable atmosphere, ozone depletion (temp_PetrSU = 5,47, р<0,001; temp_ENU = 4,57, р<0,001) and starvation, connected with the Earth overpopulation (temp_PetrSU = 5,30, р<0,001; temp_ENU = 5,29, р<0,001) more deeply and seriously. The significant result of the project was the creation of an ecological YouTube channel and the development of a joint solution to overcome the identified environmental problems of the regions. Conclusion. The conducted study confirmed the effectiveness of integrating an environmental project into the content of foreign language teaching to develop students' environmental competence. It contributed to the complex ecological education and formation of ecological culture of young people capable of solving global problems of our time. Recommendations on the dissemination of this experience in environmental education of students of technical and natural-science training areas are offered.

Special issue from the Symposium on the acoustics of ancient theatres

Ancient theatres are some of the most significant cultural and architectural masterpieces of the ancient world. The Greeks and Romans developed these spaces for entertainment, political and social commentary, religious rituals and artistic expression. They were built with great attention to acoustics and sightlines. The use of materials such as marble, stone, and brick helped to reflect and amplify sound, while seating arrangements and other architectural features were used to optimize the audience's listening experience. Today, many ancient theatres have been restored or preserved and are often still used for public performances including opera, drama, speech and music. Furthermore, researchers continue to study the acoustic properties of these ancient spaces, seeking to better understand the technical and artistic innovations that enabled the creation of such remarkable buildings. These aspects, as well as more interdisciplinary studies, were presented and discussed during the Symposium on The Acoustics of Ancient Theatres, held in Verona from 6 to 8 July 2022. The Symposium, organized by the Acoustical Society of Italy (AIA) and the European Acoustics Association (EAA), with the collaboration of the Hellenic Institute of Acoustics (HELINA), was the second on this topic after the one held in Patras (Greece) in 2011. The program of the Symposium included keynote speeches, presentations in structured sessions, posters, technical visits to the Verona Arena and Roman Theatre, workshops and demos. The visit to the Verona Arena was particularly inspiring, as it was possible to enter the technical areas and backstage usually closed to visitors, thanks to the Stage Director who guided the visit. The evolution and development of new technologies for the multichannel measurement systems, together with acoustic simulations, auralisation methods and virtual reconstructions, have generated renewed interest in these ancient spaces and it is commendable that the Rivista Italiana di Acustica (RIA) is devoting an entire issue to publish some of the works presented during the Symposium. The special issue includes 10 papers, divided into 5 invited contributions, 3 scientific papers and 2 technical notes. Papers dealing with issues related to Italy and its theatres were prioritised. 

Preventing Another Fifty Years of Mass Incarceration: How Bioethics Can Help.

In the article "Fifty Years of U.S. Mass Incarceration and What It Means for Bioethics," Sean Valles provides an important reminder of the consequences of mass incarceration in the United States and identifies potential roles for bioethicists in addressing this system. My limited view-that of a physician who conducts court-ordered investigations and monitoring of health services behind bars-is that the ongoing failure of most academic and professional organizations to be more effective in this much-ignored area stems from the lack of leaders and staff who have been directly impacted by mass incarceration. As conditions behind bars worsen, and a new war on drugs recoils the spring of mass incarceration, there is a pressing need to train, recruit, and promote people who know the realities of the criminal (and immigration) justice system and its impact on health and well-being. This step can bring a more powerful engagement of bioethics regarding housing, employment, and health care and policing, as well as the numerous and harmful elements of jails, prisons, and detention settings. I provide examples of partners I learn from in this arena, as well as some discrete and technical areas for possible investigation.

Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri ve Politikaları: Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım Açısından Bir Değerlendirme

As people have to change their places in order to meet their needs, there has been an increase in the demand for mobility and transport. It has become more important to correctly plan the time spent on roads and traffic according to criteria such as safety, security, comfort, and environmental impacts for the seamless mobility of people and goods. One of the prominent concepts in the studies and search for solutions in this direction is intelligent transport systems. The purpose of the study is to find out the importance of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and policies in the world and in Türkiye in terms of sustainable transportation. In this context, firstly, the importance of ITS and its regional development in the historical process is mentioned. Then, ITS activities and policies in Türkiye and their place in strategy documents is analysed. Finally, the National ITS Strategy and Action Plans related to intelligent transport systems, which have developed as a new transport solution within the framework of sustainability in the world, are evaluated in terms of their contribution to transport, economy and climate change, and technical, administrative, and social focus areas to increase ITS deployments in Türkiye are presented.

B-152 Estimation of Creatinine Reference Interval (RI) by the Indirect Method using an Unsupervised Machine Learning Tool and R Programming Language

Abstract Background Creatinine is widely used in diagnostic medicine as a primary renal marker. Clinical laboratory measurement of serum creatinine is not standardized, and the RI varies slightly between different manufacturers. Roche brings as reference ranges 0.5–0.9 mg/DL for women and 0.7–1.2 mg/dL for men. After clinical manifestations of elevated female results without clinical correspondence, the laboratory proceeded with reevaluation of RI. Methods We retrospectively studied the creatinine results of the laboratory database of samples run from January to October 2022 in two different technical areas in Brazil (São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro). The laboratory platform was Roche® 502/702, Jaffe method to creatinine. The LabRI tool was used with parametric, non-parametric, and robust statistical treatments to exclude outliers and algorithms in the R Language and latent abnormal values of outpatient patients. The partitions proposed were gender (male and female), age (18–60 years old and over 60 years old). The proposed RI for verification were those proposed by Rosenfeld, LG et al in REV BRAS EPIDEMIOL 2019; 22 (SUPPL2):E190002.SUPL.2 - F: 0.5–0.9 and M: 0.7–1.2. Exclusion criteria were patients with urea >48.5 mg/dL, glycemia >200 mg/dL, 24 h proteinuria >150 mg/24 h, LDL > 130 mg/dL, uric acid > 130 mg/dL, anti-nucleus positive factor, as well as clinical data compatible with chronic renal failure or dialysis, hypertension and diabetes. Results After exclusion, retrieved 225 181 individuals 52% female. Between the different sites, the results of the partitions did not undergo significant changes. For women in both age partitions, the values did not vary significantly. For men, there was no significant variation in the lower limit of IR, and we had a variation of 0.20 (18–60: 0.69–1.31 and >60: 0.69–1.41) in the upper limit, mainly for the age partition >60 years old, below the 95% confidence interval of the proposed references. Conclusions The adoption of the Roche IR and the Brazilian article was approved for the female gender (0.5–0.9) with 118 100 individuals, and a new IR was defined for the male gender (0.7–1.2) with 107 081 adult individuals, including the elderly over 60 years old, for both genders.

A Comprehensive Review: Mitigating Techniques for Power Variability Due to Integration of Renewable Energy Sources With Grid

Renewable energy sources like solar panels and wind turbines are becoming more important for generating power. The inconsistent and unreliable output of solar panels and wind turbines is due to factors like clouds, weather conditions, and wind speed that cause their energy production to fluctuate. Connecting intermittent sources to the utility grid creates difficulties in different technical areas, such as ensuring a steady and reliable power supply, protecting the system from disruptions, controlling the distribution of generated power, and maintaining a consistent level of power quality. In this situation, adjusting the amount of electricity produced by an intermittent energy source to keep the power grid stable is essential. This issue must be resolved as soon as possible. The extension to these locations diminishes the grid's strength. It leads to a scenario where a solar power plant is integrated into a subpar electric grid. However, integrating solar power into a shoddy AC infrastructure has problems with power quality (PQ) problems, which restricts penetration levels. This review article suggests various FACTS devices and various conventional, adaptive, and AI-based algorithms to reduce PQ issues brought on by a weak grid and increase renewable energy source (RES) penetration levels. This paper discusses the PQ issues that occur when RES like solar power plants (SPP) and wind power plants (WPP) or both as hybrid are connected to the electrical grid. It also explores different ways to reduce the fluctuation in power output from the solar panels. It analyzes the numerous power quality issues that arise with solar penetration and PQ mitigation methods using several FACTS devices and control algorithms, including traditional control, adaptive control, and AI-based control algorithms. For the benefit of engineers and academics working in this field of study, various research publications have been carefully evaluated, organized, and placed on this paper for convenient reference. It also briefly discusses the plan for controlling battery storage system for solve this problem.