Teamwork Communication Research Articles

Perception of students about Team-based learning (TBL) Problem-based learning (PBL)

Abstract
 Background: Medical teaching has evolved over the past few years, from traditional teaching methods such as lectures and practical classes using blackboard, slide projector to more student-centered activities such as self-directed learning, problem based learning (PBL) and team-based learning (TBL) Problem based learning is an integral part of our MBBS curriculum. We introduced TBL to 2nd year MBBS students in Pharmacology department, who are also practicing PBL in 2nd year.
 Aim: The aim of the study was to know student’s perception about TBL and PBL.
 Methods: Students were asked to fill the questionnaire regarding each teaching strategy anonymously using both, open and closed ended questions. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21.
 Results: A total of 120 students filled the questionnaire regarding their perception about TBL, and 94 students filled the questionnaire regarding PBL. Students found the readiness assurance tests and immediate feedback effective for their learning in TBL. While for PBL, students found that different point of views were respected by group members and there is better integration among different disciplines in PBL.
 Conclusion: It is the need of the hour to include new strategies in our curriculum which promotes team work and effective communication skills. Both PBL and TBL have advantages of their own and can provide better student learning if incorporated in a medical curriculum, keeping in view the students responses in our study.

Family Health Support Center in the perspective of physicians and nurses

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the physician’s and nurse’s perceptions about the actions developed by the Family Health Support Center (FHSC). Method: A qualitative study, conducted with 16 physicians and 23 nurses. Data was collected through interviews and submitted to thematic analysis. Results: Three categories emerged: The actions developed by the Family Health Support Center were positively perceived by Family Health Strategy (FHS) professionals; Tools that favor the integrality of the actions of the FHSC with the FHS; Obstacles perceived by the professionals of the Family Health Strategy for the development of the actions of the Family Health Support Center. Conclusions and implications for practice: The participant’s perceptions are positive. They perceive the strength of the FHSC in its multi-professional character effected by teamwork and effective communication. However, they also point out the restriction of time and transportation as obstacles for the viability of actions.

Sociocracy as a New Paradigm of Organizational Management

Sociocracy as a New Paradigm of Organizational Management

호텔 종사원의 감성역량이 소진과 업무성과에 미치는 영향

This study analyzed influential relationships in which emotional competence as perceived by hotel employees affects burn-out and job performance. Empirical analysis results deduced the following results. First, verifications made of the influential relationships in which emotional competence affects burn-out showed that, of emotional competence, systematic thinking competence, which is knowledge competence, decreases burn-out, skill competence had no statistically significant influential relationship with burn-out, achievement oriented competence and impulse control competence of attitude competence decreased burn-out, and service value competence, which is value competence, decreased burn-out. Second, verifications made of the influential relationships in which emotional competence affects job performance showed that, of emotional competence, systematic thinking competence, which is knowledge competence, increases job performance, of skill competence, positive atmosphere building competence, teamwork building competence, communication competence, and leadership competence increased job performance, and all the factors of attitude competence, which are achievement oriented competence, self-awareness and assessment competence, and impulse control competence, increased job performance, and service value competence, which is value competence, increased job performance. These research results show that emotional competence is an important variable that decreases burn-out and on the other hand, increases job performance. Therefore, to increase the emotional competence of employees in hotel businesses, emotions felt at the workplace, in particular, those that continue for long periods of time, should be figured out and interventions of organizational dimensions are needed to double positive emotions and effectively control negative emotions.

The type and amount of paid work while studying influence academic performance of first year nursing students: An inception cohort study

BackgroundWorking while engaging in tertiary studies can have potential benefits for students in developing their repertoire of employability skills, including teamwork, time management, customer service and interpersonal communication. Not unexpectedly engaging in excessive hours of work can have a detrimental effect on students' grades. Yet little is known about the impact of engaging in different types of paid work (nursing or non-nursing), and the amounts, on first year nursing students' academic performance across different nursing programs. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the association between: a) amount; and b) type of term-time weekly paid work, particularly its effect on academic performance, among commencing undergraduate students in the first semester of nursing studies across different nursing programs. DesignInception cohort study. SettingsFour tertiary institutes across Australia and New Zealand. ParticipantsAll commencing Bachelor of Nursing students attending Orientation sessions at their respective institutes were invited to participate in the study. The median age of participants was 23 years, the majority (87.5%) were female and nearly two-thirds were non-school leavers. Among those in paid work, the median hours worked was 20 h. MethodsA baseline survey, completed by consenting students at the start of their Orientation session included items related to respondents' demographic data, self-reported paid work engagement (type and hours); we also requested their permission to link grade point average (academic performance data) at the end of first semester. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 25. ResultsA total of 1314 students completed the survey and 89% of survey respondents agreed for their survey to be linked to academic grades at the end of the semester. There was an inverse relationship between time spent in weekly paid work and academic performance. Additionally, three predictors emerged as statistically significant for high grade point average: (i) engaging in non-nursing related work (AOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.19–2.26); (ii) not being first in family to attend university (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.20–2.07) and; (iii) being a school-leaver (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.12–1.98). ConclusionsDespite the diversity among undergraduate nursing students studying across Australasia, it is evident that the amount and type of paid work engagement can impact on students' academic performance while studying. This underscores the importance for tertiary institutes to not only support students in their learning but also understand the need to achieve the right balance, in working while studying, to support students' academic success.

“Stat!” Acute Care With OT, Physical Therapy, and Nursing: Interprofessional Simulation With Peer Teaching

Abstract Date Presented 04/04/19 Innovative teaching methods can be used to increase student self-efficacy and preparedness for acute-care clinical situations. We found that combining interprofessional simulation and peer teaching was an effective experiential learning method for improving student understanding of the roles of other professions in an acute-care environment and increasing appreciation of the need for communication, collaboration, and respect for optimal teamwork. Primary Author and Speaker: Veronica Rowe Additional Authors and Speakers: Emily Millard, Chelsea Clarkson

Development and evaluation of a 'was not brought' pathway: a team approach to managing children's missed dental appointments.

Introduction Children and young people's (CYP) missed healthcare appointments may be an indicator of neglect. Healthcare providers are encouraged to consider the child as 'was not brought' (WNB) and to assess the need for early multidisciplinary information sharing to safeguard and promote welfare.Method A new WNB-CYP pathway (flowchart, template patient notes, template letters) for missed appointments was developed. After piloting at one community dental service (CDS) clinic for eight months, a service evaluation was conducted via retrospective review of records and semi-structured interviews with staff.Results Of 1,238 appointments for CYP, 134 were missed (WNB rate 10.8%) by 91 children. The WNB-CYP pathway was followed consistently 113 times (84.3%) and, when used, three quarters of WNBs were rebooked after communication with parents within three weeks. Written information was shared in 25 cases with general medical practitioners and other health and social care professionals. Staff reported high levels of engagement and pathway acceptability; it relieved uncertainty and supported decision-making, teamwork and inter-professional communication without increasing daily workload. Following minor amendments, the pathway was rolled out service-wide with similar success.Conclusion A new WNB-CYP pathway facilitated early and consistent sharing of safeguarding information with other professionals about missed CDS dental appointments and improved dental team confidence.

APPLICATION OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTER PRESENTATIONS ON GEOMETRY FOR STUDENTS-PEDAGOGUES

Mathematics is a science of the quantitative, spatial and temporal relations of real-world objects. Geometry, along with arithmetic, is an essential part of mathematics.In the training of modern school and university students, it is necessary to use different forms and methods of organizing the educational process that meet the national educational standards. In higher education, interactive methods aim not only at communicating information but also at actively involving students in the learning process – knowledge is gained through individual participation and contact with specific information. Learning activities are related to research and cooperation. Students need to analyse and interpret certain information. Interactive methods require teamwork and dialogue-type communication among the participants. Students participate actively in the learning process, show creativity, and acquire valuable practical experience.In its very nature, mathematical knowledge is abstract. This necessitates the wide use of visual aids. It is important for the students to not only be passive observers and listeners of the teacher’s explanation. The teacher’s role is also very important and is related to how they organize their work in order to motivate and retain the attention of the students.With the help of educational computer presentations, the lecturer and the students are given the opportunity to present in a visual and detailed manner the knowledge about certain mathematical concepts that has to be mastered. The educational presentation presents information that has been didactically processed and presented in such a way that it forms concepts and provokes conclusions.The main idea of this article is related to the use of educational computer presentations with regard to the learning material in Geometry taught in the primary school. In the training of students from the specialities: Pre-school and Primary School Education, Primary School Education and Foreign Language Teaching and Education, during the seminars and the practical exercises on the subjects: Didactics of Mathematics and Math Teaching Methodology, were used presentations prepared in advance. They revealed the sequence of introduction of geometric knowledge for each grade. Then, students took part in a group work on examining curricula and defining the types of geometric tasks/problems by analyzing five of the new mathematics book sets for 3rd grade. The aim was to improve the quality of education by offering students the practical experience and skills they needed for their future professional realization. The process of training and working with students was carried out in May and June 2019.This article is part of the research work on the National Science Program “Young Scientists and Postdoctoral Students” (2018-2020) - https://www.mon.bg/bg/100542. The program aims at stimulating, attracting and retaining young scientists and postdoctoral students with the purpose of ensuring quality reproduction of human potential for research activities.

Using multimodal learning analytics to study collaboration on discussion groups

Nowadays, companies and organizations require highly competitive professionals that have the necessary skills to confront new challenges. However, current evaluation techniques do not allow detection of skills that are valuable in the work environment, such as collaboration, teamwork, and effective communication. Multimodal learning analytics is a prominent discipline related to the analysis of several modalities of natural communication (e.g., speech, writing, gestures, sight) during educational processes. The main aim of this work is to develop a computational environment to both analyze and visualize student discussion groups working in a collaborative way to accomplish a task. ReSpeaker devices were used to collect speech data from students, and the collected data were modeled by using influence graphs. Three centrality measures were defined, namely permanence, persistence, and prompting, to measure the activity of each student and the influence exerted between them. As a proof of concept, we carried out a case study made up of 11 groups of undergraduate students that had to solve an engineering problem with everyday materials. Thus, we show that our system allows to find and visualize nontrivial information regarding interrelations between subjects in collaborative working groups; moreover, this information can help to support complex decision-making processes.

Pelatihan komunikasi interpersonal berbasis kompetensi untuk meningkatkan komunikasi kerja tim kelompok kader Posyandu

The effectiveness of teamwork is the main key of the group performance, group cohesion, collective efficacy and member satisfaction (Aguado et al, 2014). Ineffective teamwork in a group occurs because of the lack of effective communication skills of members (Steven & Campions, 1994). The problem of ineffective teamwork due to lack of communication skills is experienced by one group of Posyandu cadres in East Jakarta. To improve teamwork communication the Posyandu cadre group, researchers conducted interpersonal communication training interventions. This intervention study is quantitative and qualitative field research with design, after and before with control design. The results of the statistical analysis showed an increase in the working communication of the Posyandu cadre team after attending interpersonal communication training. Based on observations and interviews related to teamwork communication, that are known to make formal communication, are able to communicate openly and supportively, listen more and respond positively to other cadres' opinions, increasingly recognize communicating non-verbally from other cadres, and reprimand also talk lightly when discussing.

Health professionals' perspectives on delivering patient-focused wound management: a qualitative study.

This study examined the perspectives of health professionals on the barriers and solutions to delivery of patient-focused wound management and outcomes. A qualitative, descriptive study design was used. Participants were health-care managers, clinical leaders, nurses and allied health members who are part of wound care services. Open-ended surveys were distributed to participants in a series of learning workshops, and data analysed to identify leading themes. A total of 261 participants took part and 194 surveys were returned (response rate: 74%). From the analysis five themes emerged: patient/family wound-related education; health professional wound-related education; implementation of evidence-based wound care and dissemination of evidence-based wound information across professions and contexts; teamwork and respectful communication within teams; and a higher value and priority placed on wound care through collaborative teams by managers, leaders and policymakers. Findings suggest that ongoing, system-wide education is needed to improve prevention, assessment, treatment and management of four wound types: venous leg ulcer (VLU), diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), pressure ulcer (PU) and surgical wounds. Health professionals are committed to delivering best practice in wound care. Participants identified that effective patient-focused, evidence-based wound care involves having a health-care system with a clear mandate to ensure wound care is a priority. A high value placed on wound care by managers and clinical leadership could transform the present systems. Additionally, effective and widespread dissemination of evidenced-informed practice information is crucial to positive patient outcomes. Education and team commitment for consistent and respectful communication would improve care delivery.

A Team Training Field Research Study: Extending a Theory of Team Development.

Recent advances in the science of teams have provided much insight into the important attitudes (e.g., team cohesion and efficacy), cognitions (e.g., shared team cognition), and behaviors (e.g., teamwork communications) of high performing teams and how these competencies emerge as team members interact, and appropriate measurement methods for tracking development. Numerous training interventions have been found to effectively improve these competencies, and more recently have begun addressing the problem of team dynamics. Team science researchers have increasingly called for more field studies to better understand training and team development processes in the wild and to advance the theory of team development. In addition to the difficulty of gaining access to teams that operate in isolated, confined, and extreme environments (ICE), a major practical challenge for trainers of ICE teams whose schedules are already strained is the need to prioritize the most effective strategies to optimize the time available for implementation. To address these challenges, we describe an applied research experiment that developed and evaluated an integrated team training approach to improve Tactical Combat Casualty (TC3) skills in U.S. Army squads. Findings showed that employing effective team training best practices improved learning, team cognition, emergent team processes, and performance. We recommend future research should focus on understanding the types of training strategies needed to enable teams and team leaders to develop from novices to experts. Effectively modifying training to scale it to team expertise requires more research. More laboratory and field research is needed to further develop measures of team knowledge emergence for complex task domains, and include other potential emergent factors such as team leadership and resilience. Practical implications for research include developing automated tools and technologies needed to implement training and collect team data, and employ more sensitive indicators (e.g., behavioral markers) of team attitudes, cognitions and behaviors to model the dynamics of how they naturally change over time. These tools are critical to understanding the dynamics of team development and to implement interventions that more effectively support teams as they develop over time.

Understanding the Usage of Social Networks Apps Among Organizations and Its Impact on Team Performance: Empirical Study

Nowadays in the digital era the development of applications influences the process of group collaboration. And social networks apps usage among enterprises and institutions is growing enormously. Most of the researches on social networks technologies usage are focused on the individual viewpoint, while others are from the organizational viewpoint. Nevertheless, not many research works have examined the actual influence of social networks apps usage via smart devices on team’s performance. The need of communication in group teamwork while doing tasks or projects, forces the team to plan their meetings to finish tasks given. Therefore, using the quantitative approach, this research aims to reveal the predictors that drive the employees to use social networks technologies, and the consequences of using these technologies in team performance. This research model was validated using Partial Least Squares approach with on 110 respondents. The results disclosed that perceived ease of use, perceived compatibility, perceived usefulness, and perceived interactivity of the social network applications, drive the employees to use these applications when performing their group projects. In addition, collaborative working is also a significant predictor for the employees to use social networks applications. Also, the use of social networks technologies also showed a positive impact on team performance.

The Reality of Administrative Empowerment among the Recently Employed Administrators in the Intermediate Schools

The current study aims at identifying the reality of administrative empowerment among administrators recently employed in the intermediate schools of Riyadh Al-Khabra city, Saudi Arabia, from their perspective. The descriptive survey and comparative approach were applied to (89) administrators recently employed in the intermediate schools of Riyadh Al-Khabra. A five-domain questionnaire was developed to measure the dimensions of empowerment, including delegation of authority, self-motivation, teamwork, personal development and effective communication. The study resulted in a medium level of administrative empowerment among the recently employed administrators in the intermediate schools of Riyadh Al-Khabra. Authority delegation ranked the first, followed by teamwork, effective communication, self-motivation and personal development, respectively. Academic qualification had an ineffective impact on the administrative empowerment of the recently employed administrators. The study recommended supporting the application of the concept of empowerment through disseminating the culture of empowerment in the educational field, diagnosing the relevant organizational constraints, boosting confidence, improving communication among administrators, encouraging teamwork, affording communication channels between administrators and the respective educators and reconsidering the incentive system, administrators’ titles and job description based on academic qualification.

Hunting for answers: Linking lectures with the real world using a mobile treasure hunt app

Societal Impact StatementPlants underpin our society providing food, fuel, medicines, clean air and water, positive mental health, and are central to biodiversity conservation. Despite this importance and an increasing need for people with plant‐identification skills, many societies are becoming increasingly ignorant to the species with which they interact. To benefit both our undergraduates and the society they will enter, we applied mobile technology to improve plant identification and appreciation, while providing opportunities to practice transferable team work and verbal communication skills. Encouraging 'plant vision' will improve conservation efforts while increasing personal connections with green spaces, leading to mental health improvements for society. Summary Despite the importance of plants to human civilization, many societies are becoming increasingly ignorant to the plants that inhabit their surrounding environment. A phenomenon known as ‘plant blindness’. To address plant blindness in undergraduate students we designed an outdoor activity using a mobile phone app. Our aims were to identify the level of ‘plant blindness’ in our students; investigate engagement with the app and activity; determine if we can raise awareness of links between lecture content and real world scenarios; and assess the student experience as a result of the activity in large classes. The app chosen was ActionBound. Students were asked to find and photograph local examples of four plant families, along with identifying physiological benefits of features covered in lectures. Two different first year classes were exposed to this activity – Plant Science and Life on Earth. The Plant Science students (60% success rate for three families; 55 students) were less plant blind than Life on Earth students (less than 44% success rate in any of the four families; 200 students). Students engaged well with the activity with all groups submitting sensible attempts at the responses. Most students reported that the activity increased links to lecture material and all but one student reported positive experiences. Our students found the treasure hunt learning environment is a fun way to engage with the plant topics covered in lectures. In future iterations, we will more explicitly explain the links to potential careers and will address some of the logistical challenges faced in this first cohort.

Designing a holistic process of learning for implementing sustainability: An experience in an engineering doctoral program

AbstractEducation is a key element of reaching sustainability. The incorporation of sustainability into doctoral programs can be promoted using new learning methods through the practices carried out by the PhD students. These methods include learning by doing, blended learning, collaborative learning, and project based learning, all of which are presented in the practical experience described in this article. This study describes the training that students receive in the doctoral program “Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Engineering and Architecture,” which is offered in the Engineering School at the University of Vigo. The study includes an analysis of the facility and its operations, the teaching methods used and the students' perceptions of sustainability's incorporation into the program. In this practice, students worked with an experimental facility that could be controlled and supervised both manually and remotely. Students performed numerous tasks, including studying the main problems related to the combustion of biomass and its impact on sustainable development. On the one hand, students have used different measuring devices to control and monitor facilities, and, on the other hand, they have discussed and analyzed data, thereby improving the work capacity with the facility equipment, team work skill and communication with each other effectively. As a conclusion, students showed sincere interest in development of the practice, and they participated actively in each of its phases. The learning methodology used was found to increase student motivation.

Communication failures in surgery in the Asia Pacific region: a systematic review

Introduction Communication failure among healthcare professionals causes preventable surgical morbidity and mortality. Asia- Pacific region has its own cultural norms and customs sometimes causing perplexities and acting as a barrier in communication in a surgical setup. This systematic review summarizes the communication failures in surgery in countries belonging to the Asia-Pacific Region. Methods Data were obtained by a stepwise process using electronic databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar. MeSH subheading 'Surgery' and MeSH terms such as anaesthesia, operating rooms and communication were used. Results The literature search yielded 447 articles. Additional five articles were selected from the references. Twelve eligible articles were selected for the final analysis. The causes of communication failure were identified in four domains. Those were failures in communication in teamwork, individual factors, work environment related factors and technical factors. Conclusions Professional power, hierarchical approach, gender-based discriminations and not being open for constructive criticism leading to communication failures were seen in Asia-Pacific region. Debriefing on areas in communication errors and implementations such as creating awareness through nontechnical skills education, protocols, checklists, and introducing other methods to minimize the failure rates perhaps need to be done in this region.

РОЗВИТОК СОЦІАЛЬНО-КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ВИШУ ЗАСОБАМИ ВЕБ-ОРІЄНТОВАНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

The article discusses the issues of social-communicative competency development of higher institutions’ future instructors by means of web-oriented technologies. It presents the analysis of different scientific approaches to the organization of social-communicative training of higher institutions’ future instructors. The authors state that among the means of the above-mentioned competency development scientists distinguish information and communication technologies, particularly web-oriented, as carrying a significant didactic and communicative potential. Special focus is put on the essence of the social-communicative competency of higher institutions’ future instructors and on its structure (motivational and axiological component, cognitive, operational-pragmatist, personal components). The experience of LearningApps.org service, e-mail, and social networks’ application to the process of higher institutions future instructors’ social-communicative competency development is explained. The article gives examples of the LearningApps.org service’s implementation into real learning scenarios as a constructor for creating interactive multimedia exercises based on a variety of templates. The application of interactive exercises provides an opportunity to intensify cognitive motivation of master students, involve them in solving the discussed problems, develop communicative skills and reflection; gives a more flexible control of the acquired knowledge and skills. The example of the e-mail usage as a tool to implement a long-term project aimed at establishing professionally directed contacts with future teachers of higher educational institutions and psychologists who study at universities in Poland is provided. The peculiarities of the project work organization in social network environment, aimed at developing teamwork skills, information and communication skills for solving professional and social problems are revealed. The article underlines the expediency of extra-curricular activities (Skype workshops, webinars, etc.) for the development of spoken and interactive skills, as well as social intelligence of master students.

Using an electronic tool to improve teamwork and interprofessional communication to meet the needs of complex hospitalized patients: A mixed methods study

BackgroundTeamwork and interprofessional communication are important in addressing the comprehensive care needs of complex hospitalized patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of an electronic interprofessional communication and collaboration platform on teamwork, communication, and adverse events in the hospital setting. Materials and methodsIn this mixed methods study, we used a quasi-experimental design in the quantitative component and deployed the electronic tool in a staged fashion to 2 hospital wards 3 months apart. We measured teamwork, communication, and adverse events with Relational Coordination survey, video recordings of team rounds, and retrospective chart review. We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with clinicians to understand the perceived impacts of the electronic tool and other contextual factors. ResultsTeamwork sustainably improved (overall Relational Coordination score improved from 3.68 at baseline to 3.84 at three and six months after intervention, p = 0.03) on ward 1. A small change in face-to-face communication pattern during team rounds was observed (making plans increased from 22% to 24%, p = 0.004) at 3 months on ward 1 but was not sustained at 6 months. Teamwork and communication did not change after the intervention on ward 2. There was no meaningful change to adverse event rates on either ward. Clinicians reported generally positive views about the electronic tool’s impact but described non-technology factors on each ward that affected teamwork and communication. ConclusionThe impact of using an electronic tool to improve teamwork and communication in the hospital setting appears mixed, but can be positive in some settings. Improving teamwork and communication likely require both appropriate technology and addressing non-technology factors.

Interprofessional Simulation–Based Advanced Cardiac Life Support Training: Video-Based Observational Study

BackgroundInterprofessional simulation–based advanced cardiac life support (IPS-ACLS) training provides opportunities for nursing and medical students to enhance their performance in clinical situations. MethodA video observational quantitative design was used using the Clinical Teamwork Scale and Communication and Team Skills Assessment in the center for health care simulation of one Baccalaureate University. ResultsA total of 80 teams participated in the study. The total scores of the Clinical Teamwork Scale and Communication and Team Skills Assessment were improved substantially after the IPS-ACLS (p < .001). ConclusionsOur result suggested that the IPS-ACLS could enhance team performance (d = 2.1). Thus, it helps undergraduate students prepare thoroughly for collaborative real-world practice.