Subject Teachers Research Articles

The Extent of Activating Educational Technologies (TPACK Model) Among Teachers of Musical Skills in The Sultanate of Oman to Keep Pace with The Requirements of The Twenty-First Century Skills

The research aims to determine the extent to which teachers of musical skills activate educational techniques (TPACK model) in the Sultanate of Oman. The descriptive analytical approach was used with a dependent variable, which is the extent to which teachers activate educational techniques (TPACK model) in Oman. The research population was teachers of musical skills in Oman. The application was carried out through an electronic questionnaire, and it resulted that the educational knowledge axis received the highest rank, and this is due to the actual practice resulting from the effectiveness of the teachers’ role and tasks, knowledge of the content, and their keenness to do so. To implement the content. As for the axis of knowledge of technology and content, it is average because there is no connection between educational content and technology. Finally, the axes of knowledge of technology and knowledge of technology and education are few and are due to the failure to link content and education with modern technology to facilitate its use and application. The research recommends the importance of paying attention to employing electronic learning platforms in presenting the subject and encouraging teachers to Participate in computer training with good planning for teaching the subject.

Manajemen Kurikulum Merdeka pada Madrasah Inklusi

This research is a qualitative study which aims to analyze the planning, organization, implementation and evaluation model of the independent curriculum at inclusive madrasas at MI Walisongo Kranji 01 Kedungwuni. Data was collected through interviews, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis uses the interactive analysis model proposed by Miles and Hubermen. The results show that: 1) Curriculum planning includes discussions between the madrasa head and the madrasa coordinator. This discussion is carried out before a meeting is held with the teacher to discuss activity plans in the learning process using the applied curriculum, 2) Organizing the curriculum includes choosing the right homeroom teacher in the new school year, then designing the lessons that will be delivered, 3) Implementing the curriculum in the form of appropriate learning carried out by the teacher, and this is the responsibility of the class teacher and subject teacher. As for children with special needs, there is an Individual Learning Program (PPI) that has been scheduled, and 4) In curriculum evaluation there are three stages of assessment or assessment which include, diagnostic assessment, formative assessment, and summative assessment. However, in summative assessments related to report card grades, there are differences for students with special needs and normal students. The difference lies in the type of questions given. For normal students, the types of questions include multiple choice, essay and description. Meanwhile, for students with special needs, the types of questions include multiple choice, draw the line, and true-false questions.

Handling Disruptive Behaviors of Students in San Jose National High School

The study south to answer the following sub- questions: 1. Psychological Profile of the students along; a. Age b. Gender, c. Employment Status of Parents, d. Income of the Family, e. Number of Adult in the Household, f. Relationship with the Parents, g. Number of Siblings, and h. Recreational Activity; 2. Common extreme disruptive behaviors observed by the Teachers, 3. Techniques used to deal and correct disruptive behavior of the students, 4. Intervention program to proposed as enhancement in the techniques used for dealing and correcting the disruptive behavior of the students. The study is anchored on the Educationalist Theory of John Locke, Zone of Proximal Development of Lev Vygotsky, B.F. skinners’ Operant Conditioning Theory, Behaviorist Theory, and the Theory of Contingency Management. The respondents of the study were the identified students with disruptive behaviors of San Jose National High School, regardless of the year level, who belongs to the twenty percent (20%) of the total population of the school who were identified and assessed by the Curriculum Chairman. Anecdotal records of the advisers and subject teachers served as bases in the gathering of the pertinent data relevant to the study. The descriptive method of research utilizing document analyses was used in this study. The data gathered from the respondents were analyzed using frequency count, percentage, and weighted mean. Findings of the study revealed that 1. The psychological profile of the respondents disclosed that most of the student respondents belong to the 14-15 age bracket. There were more male student respondents with disruptive behavior than female students. Most of the respondents’ families were undeployed (46.46%). Two hundred forty-two (242) or 84.61 % of the student respondent’s family earned below 15,999 a month which is below the poverty threshold stated by NEDA. The number of adults in the family was more than five. Eighty-six or 30.07 % of the respondents were not so close to their parents and watching television was the common recreational activity of the family among the respondents; 2. The common disruptive behaviors that were always manifested by the students were unnecessary talking with a mean score of 4.51 and use of cell phones with a total mean score of 4.43 transferring seats (4.03) and entering class late and going out without permission (3.79). However, the common disruptive behaviors of the students with the least mean scores which they seldom manifested were writing and reading love letters (2.28) and running along the corridor (2.20). the extreme disruptive behaviors on the other hand, that were always manifested by the high school students gambling of all sorts with a total mean score of 4.52 and often times manifested by smoking inside the school premises (4.10) on the other hand the extreme disruptive behavior that were never manifested by the students were: sexual harassment, unwelcomely with advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal and non-verbal sexual signs (1.71) and playing with firecracker (1.24); 4. A proposed intervention program is necessary to enhance the technique used for dealing and correcting disruptive behavior of students.

Persiapan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar dalam Pembelajaran IPS di SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan

The independent learning curriculum is one of the Ministry of Education and Culture's policies with the aim of creating a pleasant and happy learning atmosphere for both teachers and students. In independent learning, teachers and students have the freedom to determine the right learning system to determine the talents and interests of students. The aims of this research are (1) To explain the preparation for the implementation of independent learning curriculum learning in social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan, (2) To explain what factors are obstacles in preparation for implementing independent learning curriculum learning in social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. Respondents in this research were school principals, head of curriculum, and social science subject teachers. The results of this research show that preparations for implementing the independent learning curriculum in social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan start from the readiness of the teachers first and the social studies teachers take part in training regarding the independent learning curriculum and prepare learning tools according to the provisions of the independent curriculum. Then the factors that are obstacles are (1) Insufficient digital capabilities of teachers, where there are still many teachers who are limited in mastering technology, (2) They are comfortable with the previous curriculum and have no experience in independent learning, (3) lack of facilities and infrastructure to support the learning process, (4) Financial constraints.

Current status of undergraduate teaching in forensic & legal medicine in Europe

The European Council of Legal Medicine (ECLM) is the body established in 1992 to represent practitioners forensic & legal medicine and is composed of delegates of the countries of the European Union (EU) and from other countries which form part of Europe to a current total of 34 member countries. The aims of this study were to determine the current status of undergraduate forensic & legal medicine teaching in the curriculum of medical studies in ECLM countries and to use the results of this study to determine whether it would be appropriate to develop new guidelines and standards for harmonising the content of undergraduate forensic medicine training across ECLM member countries. A detailed questionnaire was sent to all individuals or organisations listed on the ECLM contact database. Responses were received from 21 of 33 countries on the database. These responses showed considerable emphasis on undergraduate teaching of forensic medicine in all countries with the exception of Belgium and the United Kingdom. There was great general consistency in the subjects taught. The data from this survey provide a baseline which should assist in developing a strategy to harmonise forensic & legal medicine undergraduate training in member countries of the ECLM. The ECLM is now in a good position to establish a pan-European working group to coordinate a consensus document identifying an appropriate and modern core undergraduate forensic medicine curriculum that can be presented to the medical education authorities in each country, and which can be adapted for local requirements, based on available personnel, the forensic medicine structure in the country, and most importantly, the needs of the local population.

Applying structural equation modeling to examine the role of teacher beliefs and practices in differentiated instruction in physical education: Multiple mediation analyses

AbstractDifferentiated instruction remains one of the most important frameworks for the global education community to achieve sustainable educational development goals and inclusive education. It is also one of the most critical challenges for teachers in different subjects. This study used structural equation modeling to examine the role of teachers' practices and beliefs in implementing differentiated instruction in physical education. Using a sample of 527 preservice teachers, we found that a growth mindset was the strongest predictor of differentiated instruction, followed by flexible grouping and differentiating the curriculum. In addition, multiple mediation analyses revealed that differentiating the curriculum and flexible grouping mediated the relationship between a growth mindset and differentiated instruction. We also guide teacher educators to develop teachers' growth mindsets and help teachers better understand differentiated instruction in physical education.

The Frequency of Music Improvisation Activities in the Fourth and Fifth Grade of Primary School

The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the frequency of the implementation of music improvisation activities in music lessons by classroom teachers and subject teachers teaching music in the fourth and fifth grade in Slovenian primary schools. We also explored the teachers’ sense of competence to implement music improvisation activities, reasons for the infrequent inclusion of such activities and solutions for more frequent inclusion. A descriptive nonexperimental method of research was used, collecting data with a questionnaire. The study found that teachers occasionally carry out music improvisation activities, most often rhythmic improvisation. The results showed no differences between the frequency of improvisation activities between classroom teachers and subject teachers. However, subject teachers do feel more competent to perform music improvisation activities than classroom teachers and there was a weak correlation between the sense of competence and the frequency of improvisation activities in music lessons. Teachers cite a lack of time, knowledge and self-confidence as the key reasons for the infrequent implementation of music improvisation activities. They see solutions for the more frequent inclusion of music improvisation activities in additional music improvisation training and changes in the music curricula, advocating for more flexible and broadly defined learning objectives. Due to the small sample size, the results are not generalisable, but they do provide an insight into the current state of the integration of music improvisation activities in music lessons in the fourth and fifth grade of primary school.

TƏLİM PROSESİNDƏ YENİYETMƏLƏRDƏ MÜSTƏQİLLİYİN İNKİŞAF ETDİRİLMƏSİ İMKANLARI

Possibilities for Developing Independence in Adolescents During the Training Process Summary The article determines that subject teachers and class teachers must be familiar with the pedagogical and psychological conditions for the development of independence in order to effectively form independence in adolescents, achieve their cognitive independence, educational independence and intellectual independence. Teaching subjects has wide educational and developmental opportunities. Only subject teachers, by revealing these opportunities, organizing and managing the activities of adolescents, can achieve independence in students. The knowledge and information acquired during the training process should be expanded and enriched in various forms of extracurricular activities. After prepared and carried out extracurricular activities, an analysis should be carried out and their results evaluated. Key words: training process, teenager, independent activity, oral and written literature, creative independence

The Constraints in the Implementation of Inclusive Education in Public Primary Schools in Njombe Town Council, Tanzania

This study explored the constraints in the implementation of inclusive education in public primary schools in Njombe Town Council, Tanzania. The methodology of the study was qualitative. It employed multiple case study design. The study engaged a total sample of 19 respondents namely; special need education officers, heads of schools and subject teachers who were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data collection methods were semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion, non-participant observation and documentary review. Data were subjected to content analysis. The findings of the study revealed that teachers in public school’s face constraints in implementing inclusive education namely inadequate of teaching and learning materials, unfriendly environment to pupils with disability, small budget allocation, inadequate classrooms, less motivation to teachers, absence of in-service training, and curriculum in use is not in favor to pupils with disability. Hence, the constraints in the implementation of inclusive education are an impediment towards achieving the World Education Agenda for all by 2030. The study recommended that; the government should find out suitable ways on how to solve the aforementioned constraints for smooth running of the inclusive schools so as to maintain the teachers’ positivity in the implementation of inclusive education.

THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHER CREATIVITY IN MANAGING LEARNING ON MOTIVATION STUDENT LEARNING

This research is quantitative research with an ex post facto type of research, the research location is located in Cinnong Village, Sibulue District, namely SMA Negeri 12 Bone and the data sources are economics subject teachers and students in class XI IPS 1 and XI IPS 2. Data collection process, researchers used observation, documentation and questionnaires with follow-up of the data using descriptive analysis techniques with validity and reliability testing stages, as well as hypothesis testing with simple regression equations and t tests (partial). The results of research using questionnaires related to teacher creativity and student learning motivation, the validity test carried out on variable table 0.05. In variable Y, the sig value of each item is the highest value 0.042 < 0.05 from number 12 and the calculated r value > r table with the lowest value 0.271, r table 0.05, namely 0.260. The reliability test for In hypothesis testing, the constant number 154,448 means that if there is no variable .05 with the conclusion that H0 is rejected. In the t test the calculated t value is -4.166 with df = n-2 (10 – 2 = 8) with a value of 1.860 which has a significant effect.

Development of a Visual Novel Game on Evolution Material

Technological developments are closely related to improving the quality of education. Currently, games are widely used as learning media. One of these games is visual novel games. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the visual novel game learning media, the level of student learning outcomes, and student responses. The research method used is Research and Development using a 3-D model. The characteristics of the website-based visual novel game learning media were developed using visual novel maker software to produce media products that match the specifications of the learning media. The results of the validation test were 85.33% of the material expert validation assessment (very feasible), the media expert validation assessment 76% (very feasible), the media and material validation assessment from the biology subject teacher 71.34% (adequate), and the media readability validation assessment from students was 76.9%. The average value of validation obtained from the four validators was 77.39% (very feasible). The level of student learning outcomes after using learning media can be known by doing a pretest and post-test, the results obtained in the form of a normalized gain calculation value (N-Gain) of 0.56 and these results include moderate criteria. Finally, the average value of student responses obtained was 74.24% including the positive category. Based on the data from the analysis of the research, it shows that website-based visual novel game learning media can improve student learning outcomes.
 Keywords: visual novel game, evolution, material

TEACHERS’ OPINIONS ON TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP ROLES OF SCHOOL PRINCIPALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The main purpose of this study is to examine the opinions of teachers about technology leadership roles of school principals during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study, which utilized qualitative research methods, was designed as a survey study. Sample group of the study constituted of 259 teachers. Data of the study was collected with “Elementary School Principals’ Technology Leadership Role Scale” and analyzed via descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and Mann Whitney-U test. According to the results, both elementary school teachers and subject matter teachers think that school principals successfully demonstrated the role of technology leadership roles during the Covid-19 pandemic. As a result of the analyses conducted to determine whether teachers' opinions vary according to various variables, it was concluded that there are no differences in terms of the entire scale and its dimensions based on genders and seniority of teachers. In terms of the working domain, it was seen the opinions of elementary school teachers on vision dimension are higher than those of subject matter teachers. Based on the results, some recommendations which can contribute to both implementation and theory have been developed. Accordingly, conducing researches which employ multiple data collection methods and tools to investigate technology leadership roles of school principals is considered important.

Factors Influencing Chinese Teachers’ Perceptions of Students with Special Education Needs: A Structural Equation Modeling

This study examined teachers’ perceptions and attitudes toward students with special education needs (SEN) in primary and secondary schools in Foshan city located in the Guangdong province. The factors affecting teachers’ perceptions were investigated through a survey with 1,424 participants. The results indicated that the teachers’ perceptions of students with SEN were influenced by gender, age, class teacher role, administrator role, subject taught, type of disability of students, school support resources, and job demands. The findings extended current understanding of the influential factors on teacher’s perception. Moreover, it raised a concern for school level support that will contribute to the building of inclusive environment. Re-examination of the inclusive policy from the perspective of a whole school support approach is recommended.

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR THE USE OF "GEO EXPLORER BLOGSPOT" BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM IN HIGH SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY LEARNING IN TOBA DISTRICT TO ENHANCE TEACHERS' TEACHING IMPROVISATION SKILLS TOWARDS SOCIETY 5.0 ERA

This study examines the use of technology in the digitalization era of education towards Society 5.0 within the framework of local cultural wisdom in Geography Education subjects, which is expected to strengthen students' understanding of local wisdom to prepare them to face future challenges. This study aims to analyse the knowledge, understanding, and skills of teachers in using "Geo Explorer Blogspot". This type of research is descriptive quantitative conducted in the Geography Teachers Association of Toba District High Schools, North Sumatra, with a sample of 9 Geography subject teachers. Data collection used questionnaires and analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. The results showed that 44% of teachers using Blogspot were in the category of underutilized by teachers in their teaching. However, as much as 56% understand well the use of Geo Explorer Blogspot. In addition, 44% of teachers also have good skills in operating and using features in Blogspot. 44% of teachers also realize that Geo Explorer Blogspot can improve student learning outcomes and motivation. However, teachers need to integrate more local wisdom in learning using the Geo Explorer Blogspot teaching media because there are still teachers who never raise Toba’s local wisdom in Geography learning even though the related material is about local wisdom. Alternative strategies are recommended to improve the professional competence of Geography teachers in developing Geo Explorer Blogspot using the ADDIE training model.

Tantangan Berkelanjutan: Problematika Guru dalam Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka Pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah

The Merdeka Curriculum represents an evolution from the 2013 Curriculum, introducing several changes aimed at providing schools, teachers, and students with opportunities to innovate, improvise, and negotiate for independent and creative learning. This research aims to investigate the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, highlighting challenges and efforts in teaching history. The research methodology utilized is descriptive qualitative, employing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis involves data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions, with validity ensured through measures of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The findings reveal that Vocational High School 2 Banjarmasin has adopted the Merdeka Curriculum since 2021, emphasizing learning to generate products and services. Intracurricular learning is categorized into regular classroom sessions and extracurricular learning activities. The Project to Strengthen the Profile of Pancasila Students (P5) is conducted for a month outside regular teaching hours, with teachers independently preparing teaching materials. Teachers encounter various challenges in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum, including difficulties in analyzing learning outcomes, formulating learning objectives, constructing the flow of learning objectives, developing teaching modules, and selecting appropriate teaching media and methods. Additionally, limitations in technology, student textbooks, and classroom space contribute to these challenges. Efforts to address the obstacles in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum involve collective commitment, specialized training such as upskilling sessions and subject teacher collaboration activities, as well as enhancements to educational facilities and infrastructure. In conclusion, teachers must adapt to curriculum changes, overcome implementation obstacles, and possess the flexibility to ensure the effectiveness of curriculum implementation at Vocational High School 2 Banjarmasin.

Sistem Monitoring Capaian Pembelajaran di SMKN 1 Kota Bima Berbasis Web dan Android

In the process of teaching and learning, there is always a specific goal to be achieved, aiming to fulfill and produce a set of achievements targeted by a subject teacher. Each subject has different learning outcomes. Supervision of learning outcomes is necessary to ensure that both students and teachers can achieve the agreed-upon or school-established learning outcomes. Throughout this process, schools face difficulties in carrying out supervision to ensure that learning outcomes are met. This challenge underscores the need for an application that can assist in the supervision of learning outcomes, aiding schools in ensuring that both teachers and students can successfully achieve the set learning outcomes. The application development process utilizes the waterfall method, with data collection using documentation techniques. The programming languages used are Dart and PHP. The developed application includes the ability to monitor quiz scores, assignment grades, student attendance levels, as well as creating an interactive and engaging discussion forum. After implementation and testing, the application proves to be highly effective in fulfilling its function of supervising learning outcomes. In summary, during the teaching and learning process, the primary objective is to achieve the set learning outcomes. The challenges faced by schools in supervising these outcomes emphasize the necessity for an application that can facilitate this process, ensuring the successful attainment of learning goals by both teachers and students. The development process, using the waterfall method, along with Dart and PHP programming languages, results in an application with features such as quiz and assignment monitoring, attendance tracking, and an interactive discussion forum. The successful implementation and testing demonstrate the application's effectiveness in supervising learning outcomes, providing a practical and efficient solution for schools to monitor and enhance the quality of education.

An Evaluation by the Class Teachers Instructing the Religious Culture and Ethics Course in Primary Schools of the Teaching and Learning Process

Values instilled in students during the primary school years have a lasting impact on their lives. Among the values that should be taught are religion and ethics, imparted first by families. However, they are taught through the Religious Culture and Ethics (RCE) course during the school years. In the formal educational institutions of our country, RCE education starts in the fourth-grade class of primary school. At schools without subject teachers, the RCE course, scheduled as two hours per week in primary schools, is delivered by class teachers. Based on this situation, the research sought to determine the class teachers' evaluations of the RCE course they teach in primary schools. The research was designed using a phenomenological approach. The research's study group consisted of 30 participants determined by criterion sampling among class teachers working at state schools in Ağrı province and instructing the RCE course in the 2022-2023 academic year. The data were obtained through the structured face-to-face interview, one of the qualitative data collection methods, and analyzed through content analysis. According to the research findings, the participants concurred that the teachers teaching the RCE course should possess pedagogical content and basic religious knowledge. Another finding was that it is essential to use applications and technology to make the RCE course more efficient. It was also found that fourth-grade students struggle to comprehend some abstract religious concepts as they are in the concrete operational period. Moreover, the textbook is insufficient and needs to be simplified in content and language. Consequently, it was discovered that the class teachers instructing this course encountered a number of challenges, yet they had recommendations for enhancing the teaching process.

The Role of Anxiety and Self-perceived Communicative Competence in Bilingual Subject Teachers’ Willingness to Communicate in L2

The Role of Anxiety and Self-perceived Communicative Competence in Bilingual Subject Teachers’ Willingness to Communicate in L2

Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Ekonomi SMA Berbasis Aplikasi Inshoot

The development of learning media is carried out as an effort to solve student learning problems, this learning media can be used as an alternative to reduce problems in learning. This study aims to produce products in class XI economics subjects and determine the quality of the validity and practicality of the products developed so that they are suitable for use. This type of research is development research known as Research and Development (R&D), using a 4-D development model. Development of learning video media using the Inshot application on economics subjects in SMA UNP Laboratory development. This development is carried out in accordance with the development procedure that produces learning media in the form of videos. This product has gone through the validation stage, the result of media carried out by media experts are categorized as “valid”. While the validation results form two material experts, namely the final validation results from material experts were categorized as “very valid”. Furthermore, the results of the practicality test conducted by 26 students and one of the subject teacher were obtained in the “very practical’ category practicality and the results of the “very practical” teacher practicality test results.

Pemanfaatan Album Sejarah Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah di SMA

History learning will be more meaningful and effective if you use visual media as a learning resource. The problem of this research is how to use history albums as a source of learning history in high school. This study aims to find out about (1) The use of historical albums as a learning resource in history learning. (2) Responses of teachers and learners when using history albums in history learning. (3) Obstacles faced by teachers in utilizing historical albums in learning activities. The research conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Pontang used qualitative descriptive research methods, observation data collection techniques, informant interviews, namely students who participated in history learning with historical album media and subject teachers who used historical album media. The results showed that (1) The implementation of history learning with historical album media at SMA Negeri 1 Pontang has been put to good use by history teachers. (2) The use of historical albums helps students understand learning material, develops students' interest in learning with history subjects, and helps students in building historical imagination. (3) In the use of history albums as learning resources, there are obstacles felt by teachers when teaching, namely the quality of photos when converted from printed to digital form and the state of school infrastructure.