Taylor's Theory Research Articles

Taylor theory in quantum calculus: a general approach

Let the function β be strictly increasing and continuous on an interval I ⊂ ℝ. The β-difference operator is defined by Dβ f (t) = (f(β(t)) − f(t)/(β(t) – t), where t ≠ β(t), and Dβ f (t) = f′ t(t) when t = s 0 is a fixed point of the function β. This quantum operator is a generalization of q-Jackson, Hahn, power and other quantum operators. As a convenience of the β-function: β(t) turns into the probability distribution function with the probability measure 1, and the sample space ℝ, in the case of its conditions are relaxed to be increasing and continuous from the right, that is, lim t →∞ β(t) = 1 and lim t →∞ β(t) = 0, and also by using the Lebesgue-Stieltjes measure of the interval [a, b] to be β(b) − β(a). In this paper, we investigate a β-Taylor’s formula associated with the operator Dβ when the function β has a unique fixed point s 0 ∈ I, which may allow for more flexible and accurate approximations of functions. An estimation of its remainder is given. Additionally, the β-power series is defined. Furthermore, as application, the β-expansion form of some fundamental functions is introduced. Finally, we find the unique solution of the β-shifting problem.

How do childhood and children's rights mean what they mean? Innovating the debate around the social semantics of childhood and children's rights through an interdisciplinary approach

AbstractThis article discusses children's rights as social semantics, approaching them as a form of self‐description of a paradoxical relationship that has emerged from the late twentieth century within several social systems, a relationship between generational order and children's position as holders of human rights. Charles Taylor's theory on the evolution of the semantics of human value is combined with a wide interdisciplinary array of contributions from Childhood Studies, Social Work, Pedagogy, Studies on Constitutionalism to propose an innovative social ontology of children's rights. Although the UNCRC has been the object of critical scrutiny since the early 1990s, the authors are not aware of any previous attempt to approach children's rights as social semantics in an attempt to illuminate the dynamic and paradoxical coupling within discourses on childhood between a fundamental social process, the reproduction of generational order and a fundamental social institution, human rights as codified in western modernity. The authors argue that while describing a paradoxical coexistence between intergenerational order and human rights, the semantics of children's rights maintains its unity as a cultural form because another semantic distinction, between human rights and personal rights continue to generate social meaning. It is hoped that the scholarly debate will benefit from the contribution of this article to enrich the debate around the social ontology of childhood and children's rights.

Experimental and theoretical investigations into overpressure during confined space explosions of methane-hydrogen mixture

This study aimed to deeply explore combustion and explosion behaviors within confined spaces fueled by methane-hydrogen blends. By experimenting in a 55 m³ chamber, it examined how different hydrogen mixing ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, and 30%) affect flame spread and overpressure buildup at an equivalence ratio of 1.1. Results showed that two main flame patterns emerge during venting: mushroom clouds and jet flames. Higher hydrogen percentages cause mushroom clouds to form earlier and grow larger; notably, a 30% blend produces a cloud 12% quicker than a 10% blend, reaching a maximum radius of about 2.7 m. Three types of overpressure were identified: Popen (venting structure opening), Pext (external explosion), and Phel (Helmholtz oscillations). Both Pext and Phel rise with increasing hydrogen content. At each blend level, Pext peaks at 1.87–6.42 kPa, while Phel ranges from 5.86 to 20.65 kPa. Pext plays a crucial role in peak overpressure during venting, particularly relevant for ventilation design considerations. To predict Pext, the study tested three engineering models and found that Taylor's spherical piston theory provided the closest match to experimental data, with a maximum error under 30% compared to other models. In summary, this research offers essential theoretical knowledge and practical evidence for designing safer ventilation and explosion relief systems for facilities handling methane-hydrogen mixtures in the process industry.

Sergei Chakhotin against the Swastika: Mass Psychology and Scientific Organization in the Iron Front's Three Arrows Campaign

Abstract This article details the influence of Russian psychologist Sergei Chakhotin on the propaganda of the Iron Front, an antifascist organization that resisted the rise of the Nazis in the dying days of the Weimar Republic. Notably the creator of the Three Arrows symbol, Chakhotin espoused theories and methods that used Ivan Pavlov's notion of the conditioned reflex and Fredrick Taylor's theory of scientific management to transform socialist propaganda to better combat the rise of fascism. By scrutinizing Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) periodicals and Iron Front propaganda, I argue that Chakhotin's ideas played a crucial role in catalyzing changes in the form and content of street campaigning throughout 1932. Chakhotin provided a scientific lens through which his allies in the SPD could view and understand the mass appeal of the Nazis, as well as the necessary changes in party tactics that were required in the age of mass media, popular spectacle, and emotional struggle.

Streamwise dispersion of soluble matter in solvent flowing through a tube

For the dispersion of soluble matter in solvent flowing through a tube as investigated originally by G.I. Taylor, a streamwise dispersion theory is developed from a Lagrangian perspective for the whole process with multi-scale effects. By means of a convected coordinate system to decouple convection from diffusion, a diffusion-type governing equation is presented to reflect superposable diffusion processes with a multi-scale time-dependent anisotropic diffusivity tensor. A short-time benchmark, complementing the existing Taylor–Aris solution, is obtained to reveal novel statistical and physical features of mean concentration for an initial phase with isotropic molecular diffusion. For long times, effective streamwise diffusion prevails asymptotically corresponding to the overall enhanced diffusion in Taylor's classical theory. By inverse integral expansions of local concentration moments, a general streamwise dispersion model is devised to match the short- and long-time asymptotic solutions. Analytical solutions are provided for most typical cases of point and area sources in a Poiseuille tube flow, predicting persistent long tails and skewed platforms. The theoretical findings are substantiated through Monte Carlo simulations, from the initial release to the Taylor dispersion regime. Asymmetries of concentration distribution in a circular tube are certified as originated from (a) initial non-uniformity, (b) unidirectional flow convection, and (c) non-penetration boundary effect. Peculiar peaks in the concentration cloud, enhanced streamwise dispersivity and asymmetric collective phenomena of concentration distributions are illustrated heuristically and characterised to depict the non-equilibrium dispersion. The streamwise perspective could advance our understanding of macro-transport processes of both passive solutes and active suspensions.

ANIMISME DAN MAGIS PADA MASYARAKAT MODERN: STUDI SOSIAL-KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR TAPANULI TENGAH

Modern society is a society that has a very well-established and rational mindset in doing something. However, in reality on the ground there are still practices of animism and magic in faith and healing in the Central Tapanuli Society. Initially in E. B. Taylor's theory, human beliefs originated from animism, in religions of a local or large nature undergoing a religious evolution with complexity in the practice of worship. In his theory, J.G. Frazer revealed that magic is a human attempt to control the forces of nature. The method in this research uses text literature on the beliefs of the people of North Sumatera and the oral study of the history of the community of Central Tapanuli. This research confirms that there are still practices of animism and magic in the life of Central Tapanuli coastal communities.

Stochastic particle transport by deep-water irregular breaking waves

Correct prediction of particle transport by surface waves is crucial in many practical applications such as search and rescue or salvage operations and pollution tracking and clean-up efforts. Recent results by Deike et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 829, 2017, pp. 364–391) and Pizzo et al. (J. Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 49, no. 4, 2019, pp. 983–992) have indicated transport by deep-water breaking waves is enhanced compared with non-breaking waves. To model particle transport in irregular waves, some of which break, we develop a stochastic differential equation describing both mean particle transport and its uncertainty. The equation combines a Brownian motion, which captures non-breaking drift-diffusion effects, and a compound Poisson process, which captures jumps in particle positions due to breaking. From the corresponding Fokker–Planck equation for the evolution of the probability density function for particle position, we obtain closed-form expressions for its first three moments. We corroborate these predictions with new experiments, in which we track large numbers of particles in irregular breaking waves. For breaking and non-breaking wave fields, our experiments confirm that the variance of the particle position grows linearly with time, in accordance with Taylor's single-particle dispersion theory. For wave fields that include breaking, the compound Poisson process increases the linear growth rate of the mean and variance and introduces a finite skewness of the particle position distribution.

Self-Centered vs. Humanity-Centered: The Most Critical Continuum for Choosing Today's Leadership

There is a leadership continuum that ranges from extreme self-interest/narcissism to human-centered leadership. During these chaotic times, corporate boards must hire human-centered CEOs and understand that companies must focus on society's needs, not only profit if capitalism is to thrive. People want to work for companies with a soul and desire to purchase products – and even pay more- from firms that seek to improve the world. Maximizing shareholder value is as outdated as Taylor's theory of scientific management. America becomes stronger if corporate leaders work together to help everyone prosper, not just the top 1%. Everyone wins.

Analytical and numerical study of a vibrating magnetic inverted pendulum

The current study investigates the stability structure of the base periodic motion of an inverted pendulum (IP). A uniform magnetic field affects the motion in the direction of the plane configuration. Furthermore, a non-conservative force as one that dampens air is considered. Its underlying equation of motion is derived from traditional analytical mechanics. The mathematical analysis is made simpler by substituting the Taylor theory in order to expand the restoring forces. The modified Homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is employed to achieve a roughly adequate regular result. To support the prior result, a numerical method based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (RK4) is employed. The graphs for both the analytic and numerical solutions are highly consistent with one another, which indicates that the perturbation strategy is accurate. The solution time history curve exhibits a decaying performance and indicates that it is steady and without chaos. The resonance and non-resonance cases are found through the stability study by using the time scale method. In all perturbation approaches, the methodology of multiple time scales is actually regarded as a further standard approach. The time history is used to create a collection of graphs. Some graphical representations are used to illustrate how the typical physical values affect the behavior of the discovered solution. It has been discovered that the statically unstable IP can have its instability reduced by raising the spring torsional constant stiffness as well as the damped coefficient. Moreover, the magnetic field has a significant role in the stability configuration, which explains that at higher values of this field, the decaying waves take much more time than the smaller values of this field. Accordingly, it can be employed in various engineering devices that need a certain period of time to be more stable.

Taylor's statistical theory applied to the turbulence parameterization in the BAM-INPE global atmospheric model

Taylor's statistical theory applied to the turbulence parameterization in the BAM-INPE global atmospheric model

10-year Systematic Literature Review of Social Penetration in Online Communication

Altman and Taylor's (1973) Social Penetration Theory (SPT) suggests that in any relationship or communication pathway, each participant makes a conscious decision to either increase or decrease the level of self-information disclosure based on an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of maintaining the relationship over an unspecified period. An examination of the literature on the effect of online communication on the theory indicates that significant alterations have happened in the social penetration theory, altering the communication process and, therefore, the sorts of connections resulting from computer-mediated platforms. After extensive screening and assessment, 18 articles were selected via a review of the available literature. Subsequently, a thematic analysis of the literature revealed the following primary themes: motives and expectations, privacy, audience, interaction, audience, and adjustments. The review encountered obstacles, such as the small selection of published materials. This article focuses on SPT in digital communication, with most literature focusing on online social networks. Recommendations were made that the very dynamic and ever-changing character of social penetration in online communication should be based on conversation and interactions rather than theory.

The Garden Atonement and the Mormon Cross Taboo

The Garden Atonement and the Mormon Cross Taboo

A numerical study of suspension of microdroplets in a channel under uniform electric field at finite electric Reynolds numbers, Melcher–Taylor theory revisited

A numerical study of suspension of microdroplets in a channel under uniform electric field at finite electric Reynolds numbers, Melcher–Taylor theory revisited

Land Subsidence Due to Creep of the Gulf Coast Aquifer System in the Houston-Galveston Region

ABSTRACT The compaction measurements of Quaternary and Tertiary Gulf Coast aquifer system sediments in the Houston-Galveston region (TX) show spatially variable compression of 0.08 to 8.49 mm/yr because of geohistorical overburden pressure when groundwater levels in the aquifer system were stable after about the year 2000. An aquifer-system creep equation is developed for evaluating this variable compression, with a thickness-weighted average creep coefficient based on Taylor's (1942) secondary consolidation theory. The temporal variation of aquifer system creep can be neglected in a short-term observation period (such as a decade) after a long-term creep period (such as over 1,000 years) in geohistory. The creep coefficient of the Gulf Coast aquifer system is found to be in a range of 8.74 × 10−5 to 3.94 × 10−3 (dimensionless), with an average of 1.38 × 10−3. Moreover, for silty clay or clay-dominant aquitards in the Gulf Coast aquifer system the creep coefficient value varies in the range of 2.21 × 10−4 to 3.94 × 10−3, which is consistent with values found by Mesri (1973) for most soils, which vary in the range of creep coefficient, 1 × 10−4 to 5 × 10−3. Land subsidence due to secondary consolidation of the Gulf Coast aquifer system is estimated to be 0.04 to 4.33 m in the 20th century and is projected to be 0.01 to 0.64 m in the 21st century at the 13 borehole extensometer locations in the Houston-Galveston region. The significant creep should be considered in the relative sea level rise, in addition to tectonic subsidence and primary consolidation.

A physical wind‐turbine wake growth model under different stratified atmospheric conditions

AbstractThe wind‐turbine wake growth is crucial for wake assessment. At present, it can only be determined empirically, which is the primary source of prediction errors in the analytical wake model, and a physically‐based method is urgently needed. Recently, the plume model is proposed for wake width prediction in the neutral boundary layer based on Taylor's diffusion theory. However, this model is not applicable for high‐roughness neutral and strongly convective conditions, which is mainly related to the fact that the specified far wake point in the plume model is too close to the virtual wake origin. In this condition, the wake width prediction has evident convex function characteristics, which is inconsistent with the actual linear expansion of wake width. To this end, we propose a coupled model of the plume model and the traditional wake model (CPT model) to calculate the wake growth rate iteratively, thereby obtaining the wake width and velocity deficits in the far‐wake region. The average wake width prediction error decreases from 11.75% to 3.1% in these conditions. Since the wind‐turbine‐induced‐turbulence contribution is dominant in the wake recovery in the very stable boundary layer, both models have low but engineering acceptable prediction accuracy. Except for the above conditions, both the plume and CPT models can predict the wake width well, and their average wake width prediction errors are 2.5% and 1.9%, respectively. This implies that the proposed CPT model has higher prediction accuracy and a broader application range.

Revisiting plastic strain ratio determination in aluminium using crystal plasticity

Determination of plastic strain ratio (r, also known as the Lankford coefficient) from texture data is one of the most widely used applications of crystal plasticity methods. Early attempts using Taylor theory and x-ray texture data already provided practically useful information of e.g. drawability of sheet metals. Developments in recent decades within both electron backscatter diffraction and computational mechanics have significantly improved the accuracy of these calculations. Predictions can now be made that compares relatively well with experiments making r-value predictions from texture data a routine method within material and process development. The current work reviews recent studies on plastic strain ratio determination by computational means for aluminium sheet metal, with the aim to assess the expected accuracy using modern crystal plasticity methods. Furthermore, we investigate the major sources of error in these calculations by comparison between previous studies and with new experiments and calculations. In particular, we observe and investigate a maximum in the absolute error occurring typically at 45° to the rolling direction. The sources of this error are discussed in terms of both model conditions and the material heterogeneities giving rise to anisotropy.

Learning Space Management Nurul Islam Nature School (SANI) Jember to Cultivate Children's Spirituality

Learning space is a fundamental need in education. The availability of space for educational institutions is a necessity to accommodate all learning activities. This is no exception for early childhood education. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the management of the learning space to foster the value of children's spirituality. The research was conducted at the Nurul Islam Islamic School (SANI) at the Nurul Islam Islamic Boarding School Jember. The study focused on the analysis of the learning space for early childhood based on the theory of (Taylor et al., 2009), as well as several other relevant theories. Data was extracted through observation, interviews, documentation and photography and analyzed in three steps: data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification based on source triangulation. In this study, it was found that the management of the SANI learning space is a development of Taylor theory, namely the content, context, learning process, and spiritual values of the pesantren tradition in managing the SANI learning space

Should Torroja’s prestressed concrete Alloz aqueduct be thought of as a beam or a shell?

This paper examines the structural action of Eduardo Torroja’s Alloz aqueduct, completed in 1939, to see whether we should think of it as acting as a beam or a shell. This is of interest regarding the Alloz aqueduct itself, but also in the design of similar structures in the future, where we must have a simple conceptual understanding of how we want it to work.We apply two alternative approaches available at that time, before computers. Firstly, the membrane theory of shells, effectively assuming the aqueduct walls are infinitely flexible in bending, and secondly, the Euler–Bernoulli ‘plane sections remain plane’ elementary beam theory. We also review Torroja’s calculations which were based on an elaboration of the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory know as the Griffith–Taylor theory for the bending of cantilevers, although we are uncertain as to why he decided to use the Griffith–Taylor theory for a thin walled structure.Both the membrane shell and Euler–Bernoulli beam theory require a prestress to be applied along the longitudinal edges of the channel. However, the level of prestress in the Alloz aqueduct is consistent with the beam theory, which seams the most appropriate approach.Whether or not a structure of this type acts as a shell depends upon the thickness of the wall. The thinner the wall, the more it act as a shell. The wall thickness of the Alloz aqueduct is sufficient for it to act mainly as a beam.

A drop in a nonlinear shear flow

The fluid mechanics problem of an initially spherical drop subjected to a two-directional nonlinear cubic shear flow, under creeping flow conditions, is theoretically studied. This physical situation is described by four dimensionless numbers: the capillary number (Ca), the viscosity ratio (λ), the linear velocity ratio (G) and the nonlinear intensity of the flow (E). Analytical expressions for the external and internal flows of a spherical drop as well as for the shape of the deformed drop were obtained by applying Lamb's general solution to the Stokes equations. The internal and external streamlines of a spherical drop (Ca = 0) suggest interesting and unusual shapes which are sometimes also accompanied by many stagnation points. Whenλ = ∞, the drop becomes a solid sphere with an angular velocity$\omega ={-} (1 - G)/2$independent ofE. For the familiar simple shear flow in thex-direction (G = 0,E = 0), Taylor's theory, valid at$Ca \ll 1$andλ = O(1), predicts an ellipsoidal drop oriented at an azimuthal angleϕ = 45°; asCaincreases, the deformation increases and the drop attains a peanut shape. For other linear or nonlinear cases, the drop is aligned atϕ = ±45°, and a spherical drop with no deformation is possible atCa ≠ 0. In a highly viscous drop$(\lambda \gg 1)$, the drop remains almost spherical even atCa = O(1), oriented atϕ = 0° or 90° (G ≠ 1), and its deformation is independent ofCa.

Meanings of management in the post-socialist higher education: the case of Lithuania

PurposeThe study examines prevailing understandings and meanings of management represented in Lithuanian higher management education as a selected East European post-socialist country. While concentrating on the notion of management as an institution, the study draws upon the concept of “travel of ideas” by Czarniawska (2008). The study aims at analysing what reasons led to the development of specific management meanings in Lithuanian higher education by considering local historical and socio-political processes of transformation.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analysis is based on a qualitative content analysis of 23 relevant textbooks on general management in Lithuania, written by local authors.FindingsThe results show that the reception and translation of management concepts in Lithuania is mainly focused on rationalistic Anglo-Saxon concepts. Dominating meanings are informed by Taylorism, with alternative or critical management approaches remaining absent. The study additionally reveals the effect of “imprinting”, referring to the fact that local management pioneers have a considerable and sustainable impact on how and which management models and theories are adopted in management education.Research limitations/implicationsSince the analysis is limited to local textbooks in higher education of only one post-socialist country, there is a need for further research, especially for the inclusion of the remaining Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Additionally, other factors that may influence management meanings in higher education in post-socialist countries need to be considered by analysing translated books, management programmes or guest lecturers from other countries.Practical implicationsOne of the central implications of the research into management in higher education is the call for a stronger inclusion of management ideas that go beyond Taylorist approaches. These could be team-based management or participative management, as these potentially better align with work-oriented expectations by prospective, especially young, employees.Originality/valueThe study shows the relevance of historic roots regarding managerial thought. The study identifies an “imprinting” by local pioneers in the field of management that establishes initial and enduring meanings of management in a considered country. The mechanism of “imprinting” serves as a selective filter and indicates a local general receptivity towards certain ideas and could, thus, enable or impede travelling of ideas. In the case of Lithuanian higher management education, the study shows that “imprinting” has led to a narrow meaning of management with a higher receptivity towards concepts and approaches that align with Taylor's scientific management theory.