Tactical Aspects Research Articles

Comparative analysis of the psychological content of the «time perspective», «image of the future» and «goal» concepts

Semantic and systematic (psychological) analysis of scientific and specialized literature allowed to conduct mental reality research which is hidden behind the concepts of time perspective, image of the future and goal. It is proved that the main bearing, mostly unconscious formation is the image of the future, while the time perspective turns out to be a strategic characteristic that sets the ultimate guidelines of the image of the future, and the goal is the point of transcending this image from subjective reality into objective reality, which is accomplished starting with verbalization the idea. From this point of view, the goal acts as a tactical aspect of transcendence (self-realization). According to the results of the theoretical study, a hypothesis was put forward that in a situation of uncertainty, the formation of an image of the future is mostly heuristic and reliable process, which was verified in a preliminary study in the form of a formative experiment using the T-IGR method. In this experiment, perspective acted as a qualitative characteristic of the image of the future. His results confirmed that by itself the formulation of the desired future in the form of a goal does not provide support for resisting the flow of random events. Whereas the connection of the image of the future makes a person face the need for integration, coordination of the image at all levels of subjective regulation, starting with mental representation and ending with the adequacy of actions.

Spontaneous left coronary artery dissection in the postpartum period: a case report

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare disease that threatens the patient life. Often this pathology complicates the course of pregnancy or the postpartum period. The rare occurrence and difficulties in diagnosis are the reason for the lack of data and the impossibility of developing a single algorithm for diagnosing and treating spontaneous coronary artery dissection.The article provides a brief literature review and a case report of spontaneous coronary artery dissection in the postpartum period, and discusses a number of aspects of treatment tactics.

Analysis of the regression of transient neurological symptoms in newborns during physiological childbirth

The authors of the article substantiate the high significance and prognostic value of transient neurological symptoms in newborns. The study showed a greater variety and a lower rate of symptoms regression in the part of neurological disorders during physiological childbirth in the second position of the fetus. There are data on a higher frequency of some variants of torticollis in the second position of the fetus, cephalohematoma during childbirth in the second position was also significantly more often found. The findings are important for the prevention of neurological disorders and revision of some aspects of obstetric tactics.

Artificial Intelligence and Résumé Critique Experiences

Where résumés are concerned, student supports tend to include tactical feedback that addresses issues in students’ writing and strategic feedback aimed at coaching critical self-reflection. However, there is not always time to cover all that could be offered by both kinds of feedback in a single résumé critique. Given demands on staff time, many career services administrators are considering opportunities to leverage artificial intelligence-based (AI) products that might offer tactical feedback and allow staff to focus on offering strategic feedback. In a field experiment, we explored how novice job seekers’ use of an AI-based résumé critique product influenced their subsequent face-to-face résumé critique experiences, especially the kinds of feedback offered and learning outcomes that resulted from this. As expected, the AI offered substantial tactical feedback and less strategic feedback. Students’ use of the AI did not result in greater opportunity for strategic feedback and associated learning outcomes. Rather, the AI rendered issues in students’ writing more salient. In turn, this invited more attention to tactical aspects and less attention to strategic aspects of students’ résumés.

Biomechanical Assessment of Throwing Gesture and Performance in Female Water-Polo Players

Water-polo is an aquatic sport based on the high level of coordination of several body movements, frequent changes in positions, speeds, and directions. Considering technical and tactical aspects, the power, the force, and the shot accuracy have been identified as important skills and specific training programs can be scheduled with the attempt to improve them. Moreover, the biomechanical investigation of kinematic parameters during the shot can contribute to the evaluation of player’s throwing performance and to the description of gesture. The principal aim of the current study is the comparative analysis of throwing kinematics in three different types of shots. Eleven female players were evaluated before and after 45 days of a specific water-polo training. In the experimental tests, three types of shots were performed, shoulder and elbow angles and throwing velocity were analyzed. In addition, power and precision parameters were estimated to describe players’ throwing performance. During the passing-feint shot, a significant lower maximum velocity (before: 14.7 m/s; after: 13.9 m/s; p-value = 0.005) and a higher shoulder angle (before: 56.7°; after: 63.9°; p-value = 0.003) were observed. During the passing-spontaneous shot, players’ precision showed a tendency to increase after the training (score before: 9.0; score after: 11.0 score; p-value = 0.05). This study proved the feasibility of an objective biomechanical assessment of the throwing kinematics and throwing performance of water-polo players, in ecological conditions.

Combined complications of duodenal ulcer: classification and some aspects of pathogenesis and tactics of surgical treatment

Aim. To improve the existing classifications as the basis for the development of a pathogenetically substantiated treatment and diagnostic tactics that meets the modern requirements of surgical gastroenterology. Material and methods. The material is based on the results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 658 patients with duodenal ulcerative colitis with combined complications. A combination of two or more complications occurred: stenosis + penetration - in 368 (55.9 %) patients, penetration + stenosis + bleeding - in 105 (16.0 %), penetration + stenosis + perforation - in 58 (8.8 %) ), perforation + bleeding - in 52 (7.9 %), perforation + penetration - in 18 (2.7 %), penetration + bleeding - in 51 (7.8 %) patients, a combination of multiple and rare complications - in 6 (0.9 %) patients, including penetration + stenosis + perforation + bleeding - in 1 (0.15 %) patient, a combination of penetration, stenosis and duodenocholedochal fistula - in 3 (0.45 %), a combination of penetration + bleeding + stenosis + chronic pancreatitis - in 1 (0.15%), a combination of penetration + choledochal stricture + obstructive jaundice - in 1 (0.15%) patient. Results and discussion. In the classification of each variant of combined complications, the main factors influencing the choice of treatment tactics are identified. The choice of the method of surgical treatment with a simultaneous combination of several complications, first of all, depends on the general condition of the patients, due to the severity of bleeding, the prevalence of peritonitis, and the stage of stenosis of the gastroduodenal junction. In emergencies, only intraoperative revision makes it possible to clarify the nature of the pathological process and the possibility of its elimination by radical or palliative methods. Conclusion. The proposed classification can become a new platform for conducting a pathogenetically substantiated diagnostic and therapeutic strategy with the possibility of improving the results of surgical treatment of patients with duodenal ulcerative colitis with combined complications.

Application of Machine Learning and Digital Information Technology in Volleyball

Since the 1980s, machine learning has attracted extensive attention in the field of artificial intelligence. Following the expert system, it opened a precedent for the application of machine learning in the field of artificial intelligence and became one of the important topics of artificial intelligence. However, in the field of volleyball, the application of machine learning and information technology in volleyball is extremely limited. Volleyball has not developed widely in society nor has it become a common event in people’s daily life. Therefore, the development of volleyball in China lags behind. Unlike other sports, volleyball requires both strong skills and playing tactics. While taking into account the technical and tactical aspects, the requirements for the comprehensive quality and learning ability of both sides of the teaching are relatively strict. If the application of modern information technology is neglected, it may affect the teaching effect of volleyball and hinder the long-term spread of volleyball. The article starts with the serving, landing, and blocking of two groups of volleyball players with different sports levels. Through the application of machine learning and digital information technology in volleyball, as well as the use of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, the reaction time and accuracy of judging serving, landing, and blocking are improved, and specific application strategies are further proposed. According to the influence of athletes of different levels on the cognition of volleyball landing points, it can be seen that there are three parts that account for 40% of the allocation.

The effect of kinetic balance exercises in developing the jumping and shooting skills of players under 16 years old in basketball

The game of basketball requires comprehensive preparation in all physical and skillful aspects as well as tactical, psychological and educational aspects. This is achieved through the preparation of comprehensive training curricula in order to develop players, including young people, as they are the basis for achieving the best results and reaching a high level. Through the experience of the researcher and his familiarity with some research and training curricula, he saw that these curricula and research did not allocate a large amount of their contents to the characteristic of carrying the combined offensive performance, as well as a lack of interest in this ability, which negatively affected the performance of young players for the skill (v.cat, receiving the ball, then shooting peacefully, Offensive reservation, receiving the ball and then peaceful shooting, deception from stability, receiving the ball and then shooting peacefully) a clear description when performing it, and therefore because this skill always leads to difficult conditions and the presence of a defender nearby, which negatively affects the results of the match. The aim of the research is to prepare complex exercises in developing offensive skills Vehicle for young basketball players. Identifying the impact of vehicle exercises in developing the jumping and shooting skills of players under 16 years old in basketball. As for the research hypothesis, the combined exercises had a positive effect on developing the offensive skills of the young basketball players. The researcher used the experimental method as a research measure commensurate with the research objectives. The research community consisted of the Air Defense Club basketball players under 16 years old, who numbered 12 players, where the community was randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control), where the number of each group reached (6) players. Youth basketball for the experimental group and the control group. One of the most important recommendations is interest in developing physical abilities in a way that precedes and accompanies the development of offensive skills for young basketball players.

Unresolved aspects of diagnosis and treatment of femoral neck fractures and their consequences in osteoporosis

The article reviews the literature on some aspects of diagnosis and treatment tactics of femoral neck fractures and their consequences in osteoporosis. Analysis of the literature shows that osteoporosis mainly occurs in postmenopausal women. Many issues of diagnostics and treatment of osteoporosis in our region refer to poorly studied problems. The specific weight of risk factors for osteoporosis development among the population of our region is 55.8%. Goiter, diabetes mellitus, low body weight and hypodynamia prevail among them. However, there are few or no comprehensive works devoted to this problem with consideration of the relationship between osteoporosis and complex (surgical and conservative) treatment of femoral neck fracture. In the light of the above, the need for a comprehensive study of the problem of diagnosis and treatment of femoral neck fracture and its consequences in menopausal osteoporosis in multiparous women becomes evident.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome

Aim. The aim was to analyze the results of intensive care for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) using optimized tactical aspects of respiratory support. Methods. In this prospective study, the comparison group included 436 consecutive patients admitted to the ICU of "A-block Zangiota-1" in the period from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 (taking into account the representativeness of the main group), whose the therapeutic and tactical aspects of management were based on the first own experience with results analysis across organizational and therapeutic approaches. The main group included 288 patients admitted from July 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021, whose therapeutic and tactical aspects of management were developed on the basis of a fundamental revision of the differential diagnosis, pathomorphological classification and respiratory mechanics of COVID-19 associated ARDS, as well as taking into account the influence of risk factors for the severe course of the disease and various methods and technologies of respiratory support. Accordingly, adapted and optimized respiratory therapy standards have been applied in main group. Results. The frequency of intubations and transfers to mechanical ventilation had no statistical difference between the groups (p=0.362). In the main group, cases of tracheostomy (73.8%) were significantly (p<0.001) more than the comparison group (14.5%). In the comparison group, the proportion of patients with severe ARDS decreased from 29.6% to 23.8% (p=0.067), and in the main group from 31.0% to 17.0% (p<0.001). The average duration of treatment of patients in the ICU was 22 (from 7 to 32) days in the comparison group and 17 (from 9 to 27) days in the main group (p<0.05). The frequency of deaths in COVID-19 associated ARDS was 11.1% in the main group, which was significantly lower (p=0.036) than the comparison group (16.7%). Among patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (intubation and tracheostomy), the mortality rate was 96.0% in the comparison group and 76.2% in the main group of patients (p = 0.003). Conclusion. Providing respiratory support for COVID-19 associated ARDS, taking into account the individual characteristics of respiratory mechanics, can improve the results of treatment of patients with an increase in the oxygenation index, a decrease in the proportion of cases of severe ARDS, and reduce the mortality rate and the length of stay of patients in the ICU.

Use of Impression Management Tactics in Professional Communication for Job Interviews among Graduate Students

This study investigated the impression management techniques (IMTs) used by fresh graduates in job interviews. Job interview data from twenty-five candidates were analysed qualitatively. The focus of analysis was on five aspects of impression management tactics namely self-focus, self-presentation, exemplifications, entitlements, and enhancements. It was found that all twenty candidates were in the poor (n = 19; 60%), fair (n = 9; 36%), and average (n = 6; 4%) categories, with none in the good or excellent category. This study can benefit candidates by demonstrating that educational qualifications are not the only important criterion for success in a job interview.

Goal Shot Analysis in Elite Water Polo—World Cup Final 2018 in Berlin

The subject of this game analysis was the throwing behavior of the world class players under competition match conditions during the final “World Cup Water Polo” tournament 2018 in Berlin. Specifically, we analyzed (a) the situational dependence of concrete environmental conditions (“constraints”) of successful throwing actions as well as (b) the goal throw biomechanics concerning throwing speed. Therefore, player’s and ball positions were recorded by video cameras as well as high-speed cameras. Based on the positions and trajectories parameters such as goal throw speed, Voronoi-cells as well as team centroids were calculated. The area of the Voronoi-cells differs concerning defending and attacking teams as well as between successful and non-successful teams and can be used as an indicator for goal or no goal. Under semi-collective tactical aspects, the comparison of the offensively and defensively controlled field areas (collective space control) between successful and unsuccessful goal throws shows that in the case of successful attacking completions, the attacking team (in the sum of its six players) each controlled significantly more field area in front of the opponent’s goal than the six defensive players together with their goalkeeper. In the case of unsuccessful attacking attempts, this area ratio was exactly reversed, i.e., the defensive team dominated the space.

Conducting investigative actions with the participation of foreign citizens: procedural, legal, organizational and tactical aspects

Conducting investigative actions with the participation of foreign citizens: procedural, legal, organizational and tactical aspects

On the issue of investigation of bribery at the present stage: procedural and tactical aspects

On the issue of investigation of bribery at the present stage: procedural and tactical aspects

Развитие средств борьбы с бронетехникой на переднем крае обороны. Первая половина 1930-х гг. По материалам советской военной печати

In the article on the materials of the military press of the first half of the 1930s. the author analyzes the change in views on the fight against armored vehicles in the specified period. The author considers the main addition and alternatives to anti-tank guns, which were popular with military theorists considering the issues of countering armored vehicles at a distance of up to a kilometer. In the course of his work, the author considers proposals on the tactical and technical aspects of using various types of grenades against armored vehicles, mines, bi-calibre artillery system, heavy machine guns, automatic guns received from both foreign and domestic experts. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in the USSR in the first half of the 1930s. the military leadership quickly came to the conclusion that anti-tank guns were needed to fight tanks, and grenades and mines could play a very limited role in the fight against armored vehicles. While outside the USSR, heavy machine guns, automatic guns, field artillery guns continued to be considered as anti-tank weapons. Thus, we can say that in the USSR the conceptual awareness of the vector of counteraction to armored vehicles occurred earlier than in Germany, France, the British Empire, the United States of America and Poland.

Tactical economic business performance measurement system for urban public transport

With the emergence of new transportation modals, a large part of the population has been looking for better cost-benefit means of transportation. In this context, public transport by bus remains the most traditional, safest, and environmentally sustainable. The present study aims to identify the performance measurement level of tactical economic business aspects of urban public transport to provide a more effective service. A hierarchical structure based on the analytic hierarchy process composed of fundamental points of view and key performance indicators was developed, applied to a university bus line case study linked to the public transport system in the City of Santa Maria, which presented a moderate performance.

Хирургическое лечение при опухолевой толстокишечной непроходимости: проблемы и перспективы (обзор литературы)

The foreign and domestic literature analysis was conducted in PubMed, Google schoolar and eLibrary databases, considered tactical aspects of the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer complicated with acute large bowel obstruction. The results of different surgical techniques by acute large bowel obstruction were compared. There is still high rate of post-operative complications and morbidity non-depending on the chosen techniques. The problem of colorectal cancer treatment complicated with large bowel obstruction needs further studies and careful examinations. Using prognostic scales for patient stratifications seems to be prospective as the tactic optimization and therefore might be useful for choosing an optimal way of surgical treatment for acute large bowel obstruction.

Cervical diseases after subtotal hysterectomy (modern aspects of diagnosis and tactics of management)

Aim. To study the state of the cervical stump after subtotal hysterectomy (STGE) without uterine appendages with and without excision of the endocervix in patients with myoma to justify the choice of a rational volume of surgical operation.
 Materials and methods. Examination and treatment of 140 women was carried out with the formation of three groups: 1st 40 patients after laparoscopic STGE with excision of the endocervix; 2nd 38 patients after laparoscopic STGE without excision of the endocervix; 3rd (comparison group) 62 patients with uterine myoma that do not require surgical treatment.
 Results. The study of the state of the cervical stump was carried out 5.10.3 years after surgery. The number of patients with cervical pathology after STGE with excision of the endocervix (in group 1) was 1.8 times less in percentage terms than after STGE without excision of the endocervix (in group 2), and 3.2 times less than in patients with uterine fibroids who do not require surgical treatment (in the 3rd comparison group).
 Conclusion. Out of 3 (3.8%) patients after surgical treatment with diagnosed HPV type 16.1 (1.3%) in the STGE group without endocervical excision was diagnosed with grade II intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II). In patients with uterine myoma, STGE can be performed only after a comprehensive preoperative examination, including: diagnosis and treatment of urogenital infections, DNA typing of HPV of high oncogenic types, cytological and colposcopic examination of the cervix, targeted biopsy of the cervix with histological examination of the material. If a subtotal hysterectomy is performed, it must be supplemented with excision of the endocervix. In the future, these women require careful follow-up to improve early diagnosis and treatment of underlying and precancerous diseases and reduce the risk of developing cervical stump cancer.

Diagnostics and Treatment of Polytrauma. Organizational and Tactical Aspects

Diagnostics and Treatment of Polytrauma. Organizational and Tactical Aspects

Technical\u2013tactical analysis of small combat games in male kickboxers: effects of varied number of opponents and area size

BackgroundTo handle the competition demands, sparring drills are used for specific technical–tactical training as well as physical–physiological conditioning in combat sports. While the effects of different area sizes and number of within-round sparring partners on physiological and perceptive responses in combats sports were examined in previous studies, technical and tactical aspects were not investigated. This study investigated the effect of different within-round sparring partners number (i.e., at a time; 1 vs. 1, 1 vs. 2, and 1 vs. 4) and area sizes (2 m × 2 m, 4 m × 4 m, and 6 m × 6 m) variation on the technical–tactical aspects of small combat games in kickboxing.MethodTwenty male kickboxers (mean ± standard deviation, age: 20.3 ± 0.9 years), regularly competing in regional and national events randomly performed nine different kickboxing combats, lasting 2 min each. All combats were video recorded and analyzed using the software Dartfish.ResultsResults showed that the total number of punches was significantly higher in 1 versus 4 compared with 1 versus 1 (p = 0.011, d = 0.83). Further, the total number of kicks was significantly higher in 1 versus 4 compared with 1 versus 1 and 1 versus 2 (p < 0.001; d = 0.99 and d = 0.83, respectively). Moreover, the total number of kick combinations was significantly higher in 1 versus 4 compared with 1 versus 1 and 1 versus 2 (p < 0.001; d = 1.05 and d = 0.95, respectively). The same outcome was significantly lower in 2 m × 2 m compared with 4 m × 4 m and 6 m × 6 m areas (p = 0.010 and d = − 0.45; p < 0.001 and d = − 0.6, respectively). The number of block-and-parry was significantly higher in 1 versus 4 compared with 1 versus 1 (p < 0.001, d = 1.45) and 1 versus 2 (p = 0.046, d = 0.61) and in 2 m × 2 m compared with 4 m × 4 m and 6 × 6 m areas (p < 0.001; d = 0.47 and d = 0.66, respectively). Backwards lean actions occurred more often in 2 m × 2 m compared with 4 m × 4 m (p = 0.009, d = 0.53) and 6 m × 6 m (p = 0.003, d = 0.60). However, the number of foot defenses was significantly lower in 2 m × 2 m compared with 6 m × 6 m (p < 0.001, d = 1.04) and 4 m × 4 m (p = 0.004, d = 0.63). Additionally, the number of clinches was significantly higher in 1 versus 1 compared with 1 versus 2 (p = 0.002, d = 0.7) and 1 versus 4 (p = 0.034, d = 0.45).ConclusionsThis study provides practical insights into how to manipulate within-round sparring partners' number and/or area size to train specific kickboxing technical–tactical fundamentals.Trial registrationThis study does not report results related to health care interventions using human participants and therefore it was not prospectively registered.