Systems Engineering Perspective Research Articles

6.5.2 Human Factors Issues in a Model Based Systems Engineering Perspective

AbstractThe objective of this paper is the description of design results in the application fields of Human Factors Engineering through an innovative model based systems engineering approach.Human Factors analyze the system with a human‐based approach, looking at the system by the users' perspective, designing interaction with the system according to operator profiles. Operator's interaction with the system is performed through the use of Human Machine Interface mechanism by inserting information to setup system capabilities and checking operational results to monitor system behavior.The Model Based System Engineering approach allows to build a design structure of system logics through functional and operational chains, focusing on exchanges among system modules. Human Factors studies include also the operator as active part of the functional chains and can therefore be considered as a “module” of the System Model, where all data catalogue is codified in SysML.This Papers also shows the applications of this concepts in design and modeling of Naval Combat System.

Book Review

INSIGHTVolume 12, Issue 3 p. 66-69 Notes to the Editor Book Review Analytical Methods for Rick Management: A Systems Engineering Perspective Paul R. Garvey, Paul R. Garvey pgarvey@mitre.org Search for more papers by this author Paul R. Garvey, Paul R. Garvey pgarvey@mitre.org Search for more papers by this author First published: 23 June 2015 https://doi.org/10.1002/inst.200912366AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume12, Issue3October 2009Pages 66-69 RelatedInformation

6.3.4 Culture: A Key Factor for Implementing the Integrated Concurrent Engineering Approach

AbstractIntegrated Concurrent Engineering (ICE) is a design approach initially developed in the United States (US) to reduce schedule time and cost while achieving high design quality in the aerospace mission or system design activities. Many organizations in the US and Europe have confirmed these benefits, however, none beyond these regions. In this paper, we focus on a case in which a Japanese organization within the space domain failed to effectively utilize the ICE approach. This case is analyzed from both the systems engineering (SE) and cultural perspectives with comparison to the successes in the US and Europe to identify the main factors differentiating them. The key findings in this paper will provide organizations with information on where to focus in order to successfully implement the ICE approach and any related IT methodologies, and may better inform the strategy for collaboration of organizations within different cultures.

Maritime Transportation System of Systems management framework: a System of Systems Engineering approach

This research develops an engineering approach that brings meaning to the context of Maritime Transportation System of Systems (MTSoS) and increases understanding of how to govern it more effectively. We suppose that: System of Systems (SoS) can be identified by its distinguishing characteristics; Maritime Transportation Systems (MTS) can be considered as a SoS in which constituencies seek their own goals; and its integrated objective is to transfer goods safely and efficiently. Based on these premises, we present our management framework. The proposed framework enables us to engineer and manage MTS more effectively from a System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) perspective.

A Systems Engineering Perspective on Very Small Spacecraft

A Systems Engineering Perspective on Very Small Spacecraft

A Large‐Scale Systems Engineering Perspective of Water Management in Singapore

AbstractFor a small country with almost no natural resources, Singapore has, over its 42 years of independence, developed an intricate water management system. This system has evolved from a combination of resource development, political diplomacy and acceleration towards enabling water technology. Singapore has found that ensuring a viable water supply for future growth is no longer dependent on any specific domain, but rather across a series of options that, at present, have already poised the island state for self‐sufficiency. The selection of these options is not additive and must be analysed in consideration with the country's regional, political and economic goals. This paper examines Singapore's water management system from a large‐scale systems engineering perspective: goals, boundaries, stakeholders and complexities involved in such a system. Such an approach illustrates how systems thinking and systems engineering tools may be used to understand systems complexities, how learning organization concepts and methodologies may be applied to understand behavioural complexities and how lean thinking facilitates a long term strategic philosophy, built on the premise of continuous improvements. Perhaps more importantly, it shows that while systems engineering, especially the systems approach, is necessary for the conceptualisation and planning of such a system, it is the systemic structures that have been put in place and the people/ culture that make it possible.

Systems engineering perspectives on the 2500‐year‐old Art of War by Sun Tzu

AbstractJust how old are the ideas underpinning the interdisciplinary, holistic systems engineering? (See J.G. Landels, Engineering in the Ancient World, University of California Press, Berkeley, 2000.) In this paper, the author illustrates how some of the fundamental thinking, philosophy and approaches of systems engineering are deeply embedded in the classical, 2500‐year‐old Chinese Art of War by Sun Tzu. To do this, the author draws upon the definitions and conceptualizations of systems engineering by INCOSE or endorsed by INCOSE Fellows. For the citations of Art of War in English, he draws upon an almost century old translation in 1910 by Lionel Giles [http://www.chinapage.com/sunzi‐e.html]. Specifically, an illustration is provided on how Sun Tzu emphasized critically the importance of subsystems within a system. Also 2.5 millennia ago Sun Tzu had already predicated that performance outcomes were dependent upon a ‘‘quantifying’’ information. Finally, corporate strategy processes in the ASEAN region as inspired by the Art of War of Sun Tzu are contrasted by the author with the conceptualization of seven facets of systems engineering by Bahill and Gissing [IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet Part C Appl Rev 28(4) (1998), 516– 527]. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng

8.4.2 A Case Study in the Application of UML and OOA/D in an Information Management Program

AbstractDuring the past few years, Object Oriented (OO) techniques have begun to expand from what had traditionally been a software development focus. Specifically, the expansion of these techniques has not only been extended on the programmatic time line, but also expanded in applicability to other disciplines including Systems Engineering. As the time‐line applicability of these techniques has grown, early‐on program phases which particularly address Systems Engineering are gaining emphasis. As a result of this, OO techniques are becoming a key tool set in the current‐day Systems Engineering discipline.This paper provides a Case Study of an ongoing competitively won Information Warehouse and human‐system information access program. An overview of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and related OOA/D techniques are explored. A particular emphasis is placed on insights and lessons learned from the System Engineering perspective.

Let’s get usable! Usability studies for indexes

The article discusses a series of usability studies on indexes from a systems engineering and human factors perspective. The purpose of these studies is to establish a set of user requirements that indexes need to satisfy. The results f om the first set of studies are presented and suggestions made as to how these can be applied to improve the usability and quality of indexes.

1 R&D in Systems Engineering perspective

AbstractSystems Engineering is a structured and integral approach for the development of complex products and processes. Obtaining the knowledge and mastering new technologies necessary for the development of these products and processes is the subject of Research & Development (R&D).This article discusses the relationship between the various phases of product life cycle and the different types of R&D activities from a Systems Engineering point of view. It is shown that Systems Engineering helps to: Clearly position R&D activities in the product life cycle Make the goals of R&D activities clear for both the customer and the R&D team Make the development of a new technology an integral part of the overall system development.

ON KNOWLEDGE MODELING FOR OPEN CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC PROTOCOLS

A protocol of cancer treatment is a complex cognitive construct that always includes descriptions of the patient's state, clinical milestones, iterative prescriptions, analyses, and reexamination. In order to define and put into practice any protocol, it is necessary to face the challenge of finding representational systems that allow us to overcome the difficulties of its analysis, design, and implementation. The modeling activity it implies has led us to utilize artificial intelligence and information technology concepts regarded from the perspective of system engineering. In this article, the general idea of an open chemotherapeutic protocol seen as a generic task is explained. Then, using the KADS methodology, we analyze such a domain and introduce some design elements. Third, implementation aspects are pointed out in order to complete the entire development process. Finally, we relate the main conclusions of our work as a result of evaluating the prototype coded in the Nexpert Object programming lang...

ADVANCING SYSTEM ENGINEERING WITH A REQUIREMENTS PROBLEM REPORTING PROCESS

AbstractThis How‐To paper is for those persons newer to the global perspective of systems engineering. It describes adapting the formal software change control process of DOD‐STD‐2167A for use in improving a deficient hardware process as part of increasing its maturity of capability. After minor procedures and forms revision, while using identical computer support and physical paper handling to that of Software Problem Report processing, Requirements Management was improved. The experiment resulted in “earlier” correct specification of system design requirements, interface requirements, and design verification requirements for hardware configuration items.

Special Issue on Self-Organization System

This special issue was planned a year ago by Prof. T. Fukuda and Dr. M. Wada to promote the research works in new robotics and mechatronics fields from the perspective of systems theory and engineering. There have been several leading works in Japan, most of which were published in Japanese. Thus this special issue is aimed at making these works available to the world. Self-organizing systems were once studied in late 1960s and early 1970s by many scientists, who were inspired by the research work, ""Cybernetics"" and ""Perceptron"" (later Neural Networks). However, because of the lack of computational capabilities, those works provided less useful theories and results, and they left obstacles for actual implementation. Today's computational power realizes a new dimension to solve those problems through the advanced technologies and to provide new system concept and architecture based on the ""distributed autonomy"". The ""massive parallel and massive distributed system"" concept, which is made possible by today's technologies, is one of the good examples from the perspective of the computer information, advanced communication, and software technologies. These concepts are creating great incentives to the ""New Self-Organizing System"" in the modern robotic and mechatronics technologies. In this issue, the authors first discuss the relationship between the multiple robot system and the human society from the perspective of the selfevolving system of robotics in the light of information science and sociology. Then, many applications will be described in which the self-organizing system is applied to the system coordination and cooperation of the multiple robot system from the perspectives of sensing, neuro-fuzzy control, system architecture, mobile robots, intelligent communication, multiple manipulator control, and microtechnologies. Because there are many potential application fields for these concepts, including the power supply network and plant control system, we expect that through this special issue there will be more active discussions concerning these topics around the world and that there will be more growing contributions to this field.

Magnetothermoelectric mode of hydrogen refrigeration for spacecraft fuel storage

Limitations of the present state of magnetically enhanced thermoelectric progress in cryogenics is assessed, and anticipation of technology through the next decade of semimetals research is presented. There exists no published investigation on the thermoelectric (Peltier) or the thermomagnetic (Ettingshausen) cooling of fluids as cold as those of subcooled hydrogen or of slush hydrogen. To lead to the use of an electronic mode of refrigeration for spacecraft cryogens, certain research milestones are yet to be reached in solid-state physics. These goals are here viewed from a systems-engineering perspective. This appraisal extrapolates present advances in such means of cooling to applicable space-storage propellant requirements of a planetary-mission vehicle. A module arrangement of a cooling cascade of semimetal crystals is introduced for study, and feasibility is ascertained on the basis of projected research progress with semimetal figures-of-merit. Hypothetical coefficients of performance are calculated and correlated with tradeoffs on cascade efficiencies and isotopic power-supply weight penalties. Long-term space-storage requirements for hydrogen are shown to be distinctly suited to such advanced solid-state electronic mode of refrigeration, based on system effectiveness rather than on thermoelectric efficiency.