System Of Social Institutions Research Articles

The essence and assessment of modern industrial policy

The state of modern economy is exposed to significant challenges from geopolitical risks and transformation of the process of industrial development, which requires determining the conditions for implementing modern industrial policy and changing directions and priorities of industrial development. Improvement of the ways of production, development of the system of social institutions takes place when solving the issues related to the development of science underlying the formation of new industries. The subject of the study is the transformation of industrial policy features in modern economy at various levels of interaction between government and business. The article examines the changes in industrial development and corresponding transformation of industrial policy tools in import substitution development. The study aims at determining the relationships between the directions and levels of implementing industrial policy in accordance with system analysis and identifying the key features in the relationship between business structures and the state. The theories of industrial development and the concepts of resource and process approaches to industrial development and implementation of innovative industrial policy provide the methodological basis of the study. The study uses the methods of system analysis and synthesis in identifying the key relationships between business structures and the state in achieving the goals of industrial development. The study defines the transformation of types, tools and system of indicators of industrial policy under the sanction pressure on the economy, identifies the possibilities of using the matrix system in managing industrial development, implemented at three levels (macro-, meso- and microeconomic) in interaction of business structures and public authorities, assesses the possibility of forming and conducting conservative industrial policy in the lack of scientific research funding. The findings can be used in assessing the priorities, directions and transformation of the tools used to implement an innovative model of industrial policy in the Russian economy, in the development of import substitution and formation of new industries, to form an effective interaction of innovation process and the process of industrial development of the national economy.

Unmasking the complexities of healthcare access in low-resource settings: a health systems approach to obstetric and under-5 healthcare in rural settings of Eastern Uganda

ABSTRACT Background Access to appropriate obstetric and under-5 healthcare services in low-resource settings is a challenge in countries with high mortality rates. However, the interplay of multiple factors within an ecological system affects the effectiveness of the health system in reaching those in need. Objective This study examined how multiple factors concurrently affect access to obstetric and child healthcare services in resource-poor settings Methods The research used social autopsies [in-depth interview] with mothers who experienced newborn death [n = 29], focus group discussions [n = 8] with mothers [n = 32], and fathers [n = 28] of children aged 6–59 months, and the author’s field observations in Eastern Uganda’s rural settings. The research employed narrative and inductive thematic analysis, guided by concepts of social interactions, behaviour, and health institutional systems drawn from system theory. Results The study unmasked multiple concurrent barriers to healthcare access at distinct levels. Within families, the influence of mothers-in-law and gender dynamics constrains women’s healthcare-seeking autonomy and agency. At the community level, poor transport system, characterised by long distances and challenging road conditions, consistently impede healthcare access. At the facility level, attitudes, responsiveness, and service delivery of health workers critically affect healthcare access. Negative experiences at health facilities profoundly discourage the community from seeking future health services. Conclusion The findings emphasise the persistent influence of structural and social factors that, although well documented, are often overlooked and continue to limit women’s agency and autonomy in healthcare access. Enhancing universal access to appropriate healthcare services requires comprehensive health systems interventions that concurrently address the healthcare access barriers.

Recognition and Motivation: A Study on the Strategies for Improving the Career Attractiveness of Nursing Workers in Nursing Institutions

Nursing staff in nursing institutions are the guardians of the growing "silver age" of the elderly, and they are the solid arms of the elderly institutions to support the happiness of the elderly in their old age. The project members investigated 6 different types of elderly care institutions in Nanjing, and explored the basic situation and career attractiveness of institutional caregivers through qualitative interviews, and analyzed the dilemma of occupational attractiveness. Adhere to the problem-oriented, combined with the logic and influencing factors of the construction of the professional self-identity of the nursing staff, from the aspects of the social environment, institutional system and personal development of the professional self-identity construction of the nursing staff, and put forward constructive and targeted suggestions, aiming to promote the construction of the professional self-identity of the elderly care workers in China, and promote the improvement of nursing quality and the healthy development of the nursing career.

FAMILY EDUCATION AND STRATEGIES OF STATE FAMILY POLICY IN MODERN UKRAINE

The article analyzes the family as a special world that creates optimal opportunities for the development of human individuality. Spiritual, cultural education and social formation of personality are studied. The family is considered as an important institution of child socialization, where universal human values are formed. It is noted that the formation of an individual’s social competence is also carried out in the family. In the family, a person learns various social roles,acquires cultural experience. Socially significant values acquired in the family are significant for the individual. The child is socialized in the family. The family is the first institution of socialization of the individual. There is always a process of mutual adaptation between the individual and the social environment. The child learns moral standards, behavior, the example of his parents, which he will then use in his own life. The family creates conditions for the creative development of the individual. The main factors affecting the successful development of the creative potential of an individual are upbringing and education. Education should help the child in the assimilation of cultural values, contribute to the harmonious development of the personality. Personal education includes both the entry of a person into the system of social institutions and self-education, actualization.The essence and features of the state family policy were considered in the article. Ways to increase the efficiency of implementation of the state family policy in Ukraine have been identified. The main strategies of state family policy, which are enshrined in state programs and legislative acts, should contribute to the protection of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen, promote the development of the family, children and youth in Ukraine

Violation of the Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War by the Russian Federation in relation to certain categories of socially vulnerable groups of the population (on the example of Chernihiv region)

The article is devoted to the analysis of violations by the Russian Federation of the provisions of the Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War in relation to certain categories of socially vulnerable groups of the population in the context of a full-scale invasion (on the example of Chernihiv region). It is emphasized that Ukraine is currently a socially oriented state, its activities are aimed at providing life support and support to socially vulnerable citizens, creating conditions for their decent existence in society. One of the elements of the national state policy in the field of social protection of the population is a well-developed system of state social and medical institutions for persons with mental disorders, the elderly, persons with disabilities, patients, etc. A significant number of people living in these institutions are unable to take care of themselves and need constant care and attention. Chernihiv region, which borders the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in the north of Ukraine, is one of the ten regions most affected by the aggression of the above-mentioned states. During the period of occupation of Chernihiv region by the military of the Russian Federation, from February 24, 2022 to April 3, 2022, a number of episodes of violations of the laws and customs of warfare were documented - shelling of civilians and evacuation routes with prohibited weapons, executions, looting, rape, etc.
 Numerous cases of shelling of social welfare institutions and medical facilities where socially vulnerable groups of the population were permanently or temporarily residing were emphasized, which is a gross violation of Articles 16, 18, 20, 28 of the Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War. The documented war crimes committed by Russian military personnel against civilians from among socially vulnerable citizens need to be studied, made public and condemned by the international community.

СУТНІСНА ПРИРОДА І КЛЮЧОВІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ КРЕАТИВНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article is devoted to the systematization of theoretical problems of the creative economy and their key characteristics. It is emphasized that the creative economy, from the point of view of the influence of intellectual capital and investments in human capital on the dynamics of competitive development of national economies, is the highest form of development of the new economy, capable of producing creative products with more than 50% of the specific weight of the creative component in their intangible value. The innovation-technological paradigm of the creative economy is determined by the accelerated dynamization of global technological progress, in which production, turning into a platform for technological application and a continuous flow of innovative developments, puts science and education among the priority factors of global economic development. As international practice shows, it is precisely the cultural aspect of the creation of economic activity that is the most difficult to understand, since in the cultural sphere, as in no other, the prevailing concepts in most cases require the greatest adjustments in order to adequately reflect the specific methods of organization and development of the economic system of society, presented in products of material and spiritual labor, the system of social norms and institutions, as well as the attitude of individuals to nature, to each other and to themselves. The article emphasizes the cultural paradigm of the theoretical design of the creative economy, which is characterized by the multifacetedness of the cultural phenomenon, which makes it possible to significantly expand the methodological ideas about the nature and driving forces of creative production based on the inclusion of economic activity that goes beyond the artistic sphere itself. The fundamental transformations that the world economic system has undergone in recent decades include radical changes in the nature and forms of organization of economic activity with the loss of traditional reproductive factors of production of their leading role in the competitive development of companies, states and entire regions. Under such conditions, their maintenance of high competitive positions on the market is decisively determined by creative resources, which, although they cannot be evaluated in traditional value categories, are actively introduced into the process of social reproduction based on the generation of new creative ideas by economic entities and their large-scale market commercialization.

Training entrepreneurship in a university in central Mexico

Entrepreneurship has been postulated as a response to the health crisis, although the theory is debated in explaining the determinants or indicators that reflect a common factor. In this sense, the objective of the study was to compare the theoretical model proposed in the literature with respect to observations in a public university. An exploratory, transversal, psychometric and correlational work was carried out with a sample of 100 students selected for their affiliation to the system of professional practices and social serviceof health institutions. The results show the reduction of items and factors, as well as the increase in the sample size to increase the total percentage of the variance, which was located at 35%. In relation to the state of the art, the proposed model is recommended if the adequacy is increased.

Toward a holistic vision on the nature of science in science curricula: an investigation of primary and middle school curricula in Turkey

ABSTRACT Background Nature of Science (NOS) is a significant research area as well as a curriculum theme in science education. Although many analyses of science curricula and their coverage of NOS exist, there are limited accounts of science curricula that take a broad and holistic vision on NOS. A recent framework called the ‘Reconceptualised Family Resemblance Approach to Nature of Science (RFN)’ provides such a broad account and covers the cognitive-epistemic and social-institutional systems of science. The cognitive-epistemic system consists of ‘aims and values’, ‘methods and methodological rules’, ‘scientific practices’, and ‘scientific knowledge’ while the social-institutional system consists of ‘professional activities’, ‘social certification and dissemination’, ‘social values’, ‘scientific ethos’, ‘social organizations and interactions’, ‘financial systems’, and ‘political power structures’. Purpose The empirical study reported in the paper aims to investigate the inclusion of NOS in the Turkish science curriculum by using the RFN. Design and Methods Turkish science curriculum used at primary and middle school levels were analyzed by content analysis. Findings The results suggest that the Turkish science curriculum emphasizes the cognitive-epistemic categories more than the social-institutional categories. The dominating RFN category in the science curriculum is scientific practices while the reference to political power structures is limited. Conclusion The paper contributes to understanding of how Turkish science curriculum covers NOS, and it has implications for international science curricula reform for an inclusive account of NOS that is likely to enhance science learning.

Традиционный свадебный обряд чеченцев: историко-культурологический анализ

The article analyzes the traditional wedding ceremony of the Chechens, which is an important part of their ethnic culture, establishing the social status of new families who have gathered to intermarry. Wedding ceremonies are focused on the creation of a new family, a couple entering into marriage in order to continue the ethnocultural continuity, continuing the history of one kind or another. The wedding ceremony is the most important part of the culture of that other people, a kind of mechanism of “regulation within ethnic ties”, the action of which implies the unification of the activities of individuals by including them in the system of social institutions. At the same time, individuals internalize group norms and values, remove emotional tensions that arise in everyday communication, and, finally, the social significance of such a life situation as entering into family and marriage relations is affirmed.

Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine Position Paper: The Clinician's Role in Addressing and Preventing Maltreatment in Sport-10-year Anniversary.

In 2011, the Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine released their first position paper on Abuse, Harassment, and Bullying in Sport. Since this time, there have been significant advancements within the global sport landscape, including the emergence of regulatory bodies and initiatives aimed at prioritizing athletes' health and well-being. While the shift to a more proactive approach for safeguarding athletes is evident and promising, athletes continue to be affected by cases of maltreatment. To advance safe sport, it is critical that all supporters of safe and healthy performance are aware of their roles and responsibilities for preventing and addressing maltreatment, including the Canadian sport medicine community. In this updated position statement, recent advancements in research on issues of maltreatment are summarized and specific recommendations are provided on how the medical community can contribute to appropriately identifying, treating, and preventing harm in sport, as well as their role in advocating for the health and well-being of athletes in their care.

РОЛЬ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММ ПО ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ И АБИЛИТАЦИИ ИНВАЛИДОВ В РАЗВИТИИ СОПРОВОЖДАЕМОГО ПРОЖИВАНИЯ

Significance. The relevance of the study is substantiated by the increased importance of socialization of the disabled and development of foundations of an independent lifestyle. The purpose of the study is to assess dynamics in the development of assisted living in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the basis of the analysis of draft regional programs on developing a system of comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of the disabled. Material and methods. 69 draft regional programs on developing a system of comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of the disabled, including disabled children, submitted to the Russian Ministry of Labour by the Russian constituent entities from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed. Logical and statistical research methods were used. The study used logistic and statistical methods. Results. Analysis of the current stage of the development of assisted living of the disabled with due regard to regional peculiarities has been undertaken and presented. The analysis evaluated inclusion of this direction in the priority tasks for the development of the system of comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of the disabled in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, availability of the target indicator reflecting the number of the disabled receiving services on assisted living, completeness of the planned activities and allocated funding in the period from 2018 to 2022. Positive dynamics in all considered indicators have been identified. Discussion. The main problem related to the organization of assisted living outside of residential facilities is the lack of residential premises and inability to use federal funding for these purposes. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop a mechanism for providing residential premises for assisted living of people with disabilities in small groups and introducing amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation to ensure legal regulation of this type of housing. Conclusion. The analysis results show a positive trend in the development of assisted living in the Russian regions. The technology of assisted living has become an object of planning as a new direction in the activities of the system of social service institutions. Further development of assisted living in the country is associated with the improvement of the regulatory legal framework, including the need to amend the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. Scope of application. The data obtained in the course of the study can be used to improve activities of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation related to the development of assisted living and identification of approaches to de-institutionalize the Russian residential system as a whole.

A PRAGMATIC VERSION OF LIBERALISM AS A METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF THE FREEDOM OF THE VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT

A key concept in the pragmatic reconstruction of liberalism is the concept of pragmatic faith: people unite in communities to achieve a new social reality – the one in which they believe – and achieve this goal through their actions under the influence of their faith. William James emphasizes the priority of a person's beliefs over valueless knowledge, John Dewey demonstrates the power of collective efforts in defense of faith in democracy, Richard Rorty proves the right of an individual to embody his faith even against the existing system of social institutions.

Opportunities for Improving Financial Provision of Social Insurance Institutions in the Russian Federation

The subject of the research is the analysis of priority directions of improvement of financial provisioning of activity of extra-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation that make up the system of social insurance institutions. The purpose of the study is to develop active and passive opportunities to improve the activities of the institution of social insurance, allowing to increase the level, stability and volume of insurance contributions to extra budgetary funds by improving the quality of the internal financial environment in certain types of economic activity, in particular “Manufacturing”. The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the fact that in recent years, the share of insurance contributions in revenues of social insurance institutions does not exceed 65%, i. e. in terms of the insurance mechanism, the budgets of social insurance institutions are deficit. Therefore, financial and economic solutions are required to improve the financial situation of social insurance institutions and stabilize their activities, including through intensive methods to encourage the activity of contribution payers to increase the rate base and reduce non-payments. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of author’s algorithm of forming the financial security program of social insurance institutions, combining active and passive opportunities, including financial instruments of solvency of economic entities. The main methods of the study include the method of content-analysis, tabular and graphical methods, analysis and synthesis as universal methods of scientific knowledge, as well as methods of effectiveness assessment. As a result of the study the basic elements of the program of improvement of financial maintenance of institutes of social insurance, including, in particular, offers on formation of passive possibilities at the expense of realization of measures of financial support from Government of the Russian Federation and active support at the expense of inclusion of actions in branch development strategies. And also recommendations are given on the inclusion of proposed measures in the activities of authorities and adopted sectoral strategies, including on the basis of the distribution of powers between the executive authorities and other interested parties on the basis of normative legal acts.

A Systematic Review of Research on Family Resemblance Approach to Nature of Science in Science Education

The paper reports about the outcome of a systematic review of research on family resemblance approach (FRA) to nature of science in (NOS) science education. FRA is a relatively recent perspective on NOS being a system of cognitive-epistemic and social-institutional aspects of science. FRA thus consists of a set of categories such as aims and values, practices, knowledge and social organizations in relation to NOS. Since the introduction of the FRA, there has been increasing interest in investigations about how FRA can be of use in science education both empirically and practically. A journal content analysis was conducted in order to investigate which FRA categories are covered in journal articles and to identify the characteristics of the studies that have used FRA. These characteristics included the target level of education and focus on pre- or in-service teachers. Furthermore, epistemic network analysis of theoretical and empirical papers was conducted to determine the extent to which the studies incorporated various key themes about FRA, such as its transferability to other domains and differentiation of the social-institutional system categories. The findings illustrate an increasing number of empirical studies using FRA in recent years and broad coverage in science education. Although the social-institutional system categories included intraconnections, these were not as strong as those intraconnections among categories within the cognitive-epistemic system. Future research directions for the use of FRA in K-12 science education are discussed.

Social protection of ATO/OUF veterans and their families at the community level

The article describes the Uman territorial community as a social community thanks to its extensive system of social institutions, the implementation of the best international practices, the constant expansion of the social welfare spectrum, the focus on the needs of every individual and the necessity to satisfy those needs according to state standards. At the same time, the community establishes a social protection system (social services and social security) for ATO/OUF participants and their families. For this purpose, four social protection programs for 2021-2025 period have been developed and approved for ATO/OUF participants and the families of the fallen (integrated health, welfare, social security programs, adaptation, psychological rehabilitation, vocational training (retraining) for the anti-terrorist operation participants, the families of the Heavenly Hundred, the victims of the Revolution of Dignity, and fighter - volunteers; housing provision for 2021-2025 period for the participants of the anti-terrorist operation/operation of the joint forces and volunteer fighters who participated in the protection of territorial integrity and state sovereignty in the East of Ukraine and for their family members; "Care" social assistance for 2021-2027; national-patriotic education for children and youth for 2021-2025); an Assistance Center has been established for the Participants of the Anti-Terrorist Operation; there has been established the division of military personnel adaptation, assistance for the participants of the anti-terrorist operation, deportees and labor migrants; benefits and social guarantees are provided to participants (utility reimbursement , free meals in preschool and secondary schools for children of ATO participants, rehabilitation in a summer health camp, provision of a one-time financial assistance, free public transportation within the city, purchase of cold water meters, free education for children of the fallen ATO participants in art schools, etc.), medical and psychological assistance is provided in "Harmony" Rehabilitation Complex for People with Special Needs, professional rehabilitation, sports rehabilitation, employment, informational and explanatory work, etc. are provided.

Joseph Alois Schumpeter’s Theory of Economic Development and Social Change

Bu çalışma Joseph Schumpeter'in kapitalizm doğası, ekonomik mantığın arkasındaki itici güçler, sosyal-kurumsal yapılar, toplum ve birey ilişkisi, toplumsal ve ekonomik evrim kavramlarına düşünürün çalışmalarından doğru bir bakış içermektedir. Schumpeter'in ekonomik sosyolojisi, öncelikle ekonominin sosyal-kurumsal sistemin parçası olduğu ve ekonomiyi incelemenin nitelikli yolunun onu bu çerçeve içerisinde değerlendirmekten geçtiğini iddia etmektedir. Kurumsalcı iktisatçıların öncüsü diyebileceğimiz Schumpeter, ekonomik faaliyetleri, kurumları ve süreçleri ancak tarihsel olarak belirlenmiş bir düzlemden anlayabileceğimizi savunmaktadır. Schumpeter, iktisatçıların çoğundan farklı olarak, ekonomiyi sadece statik değil, dinamik bir açıdan analiz etmiştir. Bu nedenle Schumpeter, ekonomik gelişmelerin gelecekte nasıl bir şekil alacağını açıklarken, bireylerin ekonomik eylemleri, teknolojik yenilikler, sermayedar ve girişimcinin özelliklerini ve kurumları incelemiştir. Schumpeter'e göre girişimci, kapitalizmin dinamizmi ile yönetimsel kapitalizmin dev bürokratik yapısı arasındaki çatışmanın belirleyeni ve sistemin yıkıcı eyleyeni olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Schumpeter, değişim devam ettikçe, bireylerin değişimi başlatmasının giderek daha kolay hale geldiğini ve bireylerin girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin artık yüksek düzeyde liderliğe sahip belirli kişiler tarafından yapılması gerekmediğini savunmuştur. Schumpeter kapitalizmin yeni bir ekonomik düzene doğru evriminin, adı ne olursa olsun, zorunlu olarak bir tür sosyalizm olacağını öngörmüştür.

To the problem of conceptualization of historical memory

Aim to proceed the conceptualization of historical memory. The author expresses the idea that conceptualization lays within the philosophical boundaries of interpretations of the socio-ontological grounds for historical memory. The socio-ontological foundations allow us to reveal the ontological status of historical memory on different levels of being. At the level of social being, the historical memory acts as the ability of the society to fix the stages of interaction with the environment, ontologizing the process of human appropriation of the natural material. On the institutional level, the historical memory fixes its own content in the system of social institutions, with the help of which the functions of public policy, effective management and education are performed. At the existential level, the historical memory preserves and continues the life of the dynasty, the family, and the individual in spatial and temporal coordinates: the past here; the past here and now; the past here and there. The author suggests including the problematics of historical memory in the interdisciplinary research to expand the boundaries of its conceptualization. The ontological commonality of historical and biological memory is observed, which enhances the fundamental status of historical memory.

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА КУЛЬТУРА ВЧИТЕЛЯ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ

The article considers the issues of information culture of primary school teachers. In the context of informing society, the primary school teacher must learn to take advantage of the information environment and avoid its dangers. Today, information culture is becoming a guarantee of the effectiveness of a teacher’s professional activity. In this case, the information culture is a certain universalization of the pedagogical qualities of the teacher and allows him to deeply understand its real role in the development of the personality of the junior student. To clarify the concept of "information culture", the author explores the terms "culture" and "information". The article presents both dictionary and encyclopedic definitions of the concept of "culture" and the views of individual scholars. Summarizing various definitions, the author gives an understanding of the concept of "culture" as a specific way of organization and development of human life, represented in the products of material and spiritual labor, in the system of social norms and institutions, in spiritual values, in the set of human relations to nature. themselves. The definition of "information" is also given in the legislative-dictionary-encyclopedic interpretation and interpretation of individual researchers. Emphasizing that information is used in all spheres of human life and provides a variety of functions, the author interprets information as information about people, objects, events, phenomena, facts, processes of the world that can be stored, accumulated, reproduced, transmitted and processed and is the result of cognitive activity of the subject of intellectual activity. Based on the understanding of these two concepts, the definition of "information culture" is determined. The author also characterizes the information culture of primary school teachers, which is a certain integrated set of knowledge, skills, values, interests and behavioral models related to the field of information, information flows, information and communication models. The article notes that the information culture of primary school teachers is related to ethical norms and issues of information security and is a harmonious combination of four components: activity, communication, cognitive and motivational. Thus, the information culture of primary school teachers makes it possible to create an effective space for interaction with information as an important element of effective professional activity in the transformation of education in Ukraine.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКОГО СЕКТОРА СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ УСЛУГ ДЕТЯМ С РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ АУТИСТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА

The results of a study of the development in the Russian regions of socially oriented non-profit organizations (SO NPOs) that provide services to families raising children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are ana-lyzed. The study was conducted in the period from 2019 to 2021, 11 semi-structured interviews were selected for analysis with managers and employees of non-profit organizations providing social services to children with ASD and their families (Yekaterinburg, Novorossiysk, Rostov-on-Don, Pyatigorsk and Kislovodsk, Kha-barovsk). It is shown that the need for the development of NPOs working with this group of children is due to an increase in the number of such children and the lack of opportunities to receive services they need in the system of state social service institutions in full. Currently, NGOs have taken a leading position in the social services for children with ASD. However, as this segment of the non-profit sector of social services develops, problems accumulate that hinder its development. Non-profit organizations experience a shortage of resources (financial, personnel, qualification, volunteer), they are characterized by a low organizational culture, limited partnerships with the business community, etc., they are faced with the need to constantly overcome bureau-cratic barriers when interacting with regional departmental governments, and also with manifested «consumer extremism» in a certain part of families raising children with ASD. Representatives of NGOs are concerned that in the near future there will be a critical increase in adult citizens with autism spectrum disorders, for whom the domestic practice of social services currently lacks the necessary ecosystem of assistance that could constitute an alternative to neuropsychiatric boarding schools for adults with ASD. In the future, the develop-ment of a non-profit sector of social services for people with ASD should contribute to the formation of such a system, including early diagnosis, early assistance, adapted training and education, accompanied by social em-ployment / employment, accompanied by accommodation. To create such an ecosystem of assistance, a real in-tersectoral social partnership is needed, in which the role of the non-profit sector can be realized as the prob-lems of its development, which are analyzed in the article, are overcome.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF A LEADER IN MODERN COUNTRY GOVERNANCE

The article deals with the problems associated with modern approaches to leadership in the highest public authorities. Great historical figures, as well as great public ideas, arise, as a rule, at turning points in world history or the history of a particular nation. Personality is formed in the most complex social processes, in the interweaving of many social factors. The formation of personality is carried out in the process of direct and indirect influence on the individual of the entire system of social institutions. The fascists of the future will call themselves anti-fascists,” said Winston Churchill. One way or another, this phrase turned out to be truly prophetic. After all, Russian “denazifiers” write articles that would make Goebels himself envious, directly admitting to planning a genocide. Unfortunately, it has fallen to our lot to face the worst manifestations of dictator rule in a state neighboring Ukraine. Russia with its sole leadership for 22 years, promotion of the idea of the “Russian world”, constant military conflicts against other states, zombie (without alternatives) of its servile population, strict regulation of society and the economy, and, finally, a bloody war against the “brotherly” people in Ukraine, fully meets the Nazi system. What kind of Nazism can there be in a country in which over the past 18 years, since 2004, candidates from the extreme right to the extreme left have been elected for president. And in 2019, the people, wanting changes for the better, elected the artist Volodymyr Zelensky as president of Ukraine. How can we talk about Nazism in such a democratic country as Ukraine? The leadership and organizational abilities of Vladimir Zelensky, which were formed in the 95th quarter project, were fully manifested with the outbreak of the war with the Russian Federation. The former artist and comedian Volodymyr Zelensky has turned into the greatest leader who has united not only the entire people of Ukraine, but the whole world around him.