System For Industrial Use Research Articles

Feasibility assessment of vision-based surface roughness parameters acquisition for different types of machined specimens

This paper presents a feasibility assessment of acquiring vision-based surface roughness parameters for specimens produced by different machining type processes. Twenty produced specimens using five of the most common machining operations were employed in the investigation. Stylus-based measurements of these specimens are performed and results are compared to vision-based measurements using amplitude, spacing and hybrid roughness parameters. The applied filtering technique was based on 0.8 mm cut-off value and was maintained identical for both stylus and vision data to enable comparable results. Two models of surface irradiance were employed in the interpretation of the vision data. A third model was also established by utilising an additional filtering operation on the vision data. This allows assessment of the impact of this case on acquired values of surface parameters. Ambient lighting was used to minimize the effects of specular type of reflection. Results showed that although there is a considerable change in the parameter values acquired from vision data compared to stylus data, it is possible to obtain roughness parameters using vision-based method to a certain limit of accuracy. However, some roughness evaluation parameters proved to be more reliable than others. The overall results of this paper would encourage further developments in this area to achieve robust 3D vision based roughness measurement systems for industrial use.

An evaluation of surface roughness parameters measurement using vision-based data

This paper presents a methodology for using machine vision data to acquire reliable surface roughness parameter measurement. Stylus-based measurements were acquired and compared to vision-based measurements using standard and non-standard roughness parameters. Two light reflection models namely Intensity-Topography Compatible (ITC) model and Light-Diffuse model were adopted and applied to interpret acquired vision data and to enable suitable computation of roughness parameters. Results showed that the ITC model gives more superior results compared to the Light-Diffuse model with remarkable close values to those acquired by the traditional stylus-based data of all roughness parameters but the Skewness parameter ( R sk). In the case of the Skewness parameter ( R sk), however, it was shown to provide highly different values from those acquired by stylus technique. The overall acquired results indicate that vision systems are a valid source of data to obtain both amplitude and spacing roughness parameters with confidence using the proposed methodology. It is expected that these results would encourage further developments in the area to achieve commercial 3D vision-based roughness measurement systems for industrial use.

Efficient production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli using an improved l-arabinose-inducible T7 expression system

An l-arabinose-inducible T7 expression system was shown to be highly stringent in the regulation of cloned gene expression. However, this stringency was medium-dependent and missing in complex media. To ensure consistent expression efficiency, the system was improved by constructing T7 lac promoter-containing plasmids subject to the control of thermo-labile lacI. As a result, LacZ was produced to reach a 128-fold increase over the uninduced level in rich media. Furthermore, a large production of carbamoylase using the developed system was successfully achieved in a lab-scale fermenter. The production of soluble protein was 10% of total cell protein content and the cell yield 30 g dry cell weight per litre. Taken together, these illustrate the great promise of this system for industrial use.

地球エコシステム具現化に関する調査・研究―ＣＯ２分離・地中隔離・エココンビナートの導入―

Earth Eco System is essential for the sustainable development in the near future. From 2001, NEDO, Japan started the project with universities and industries on innovative ceramics absorbent material and the CO2 recovery system for Geological Sequestration.This material is a powdered substance named lithium silicate, a combination of lithium that easily reacts with CO2. As the reaction formula is Li4SiO4 + CO2 = Li2SiO3 + Li2CO3, repeated recovery and recovering of CO2 is possible. It absorbs CO2 at a high temperature around 500 to 600 degrees centigrade (C). The reaction heat can be recovered and reused for generation of steam and electricity. Appling effectively to industrial heat and power systems, this material may enable significant reduction of CO2 emissions with a small energy penalty.As 80% of the world primary energy is dependant on fossil fuel, it is essential to address large-scale emission sources to achieve the reduction targets set by the Kyoto Protocol of COP3. Even though promotion of utilizing renewable energy, energy conservation, fuel conversion to natural gas, etc. are important measures for reducing CO2 emissions, sustained utilization of fossil fuels including coal resources cannot be denied from the viewpoint of efficient use of resources. For this reason, the implementation of an effective CO2 recovery and sequestration system is the key to efficient use of fossil fuel for the sake of the global environment.CO2 separation/geological sequestration/bio-factory as the Earth Eco System for industrial use should be the major way to establish the sustainable energy system by using fossil fuel including coal resources for the global environment.

Virtual reality technology and its industrial applications

Virtual reality (VR) is well-known and is currently being investigated for practical use in various industrial fields. Using three-dimensional computer graphics, interactive devices, and a high-resolution display, a virtual world can be realized in which imaginary objects can be picked up as if they were in the physical world. Using VR technology, Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. has been developing application systems for industrial use since 1990. This paper details four VR application systems: a relax/refresh system employing VR, a horseback riding therapy simulator with VR technology, a VR-supported kitchen layout design system, as well as an urban planning VR system.

PROPOSAL FOR A NOVEL CHEMICAL HEAT PUMP DRYER

ABSTRACT A new chemical heat pump (CHP) system for ecofriendly effective utilization of thermal energy in drying is proposed from the viewpoints of energy saving and environmental impact. CHPs can store thermal energy in the form of chemical energy by an endothermic reaction and release it at various temperature levels for heat demands by exo/endothermic reactions. CHPs have potential for heat recovery and dehumidification in the drying process by heat storage and high/law temperature heat release. In this study, we estimate the potential of the CHP application to drying systems for industrial use. Some combined systems of CHPs and dryers are proposed as chemical heat pump dryers (CHPD). The potential for commercialization of CHPDs is discussed.

Virtual reality technology and its industrial applications

Virtual reality (VR) is well known and is currently being investigated for practical use in various industrial fields. Using three-dimensional computer graphics, interactive devices, and a high-resolution display, a virtual world can be realized in which imaginary objects can be picked up as if they were in the physical world. Using VR technology, Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. has been developing application systems for industrial use since 1990. This paper details four VR application systems: a relax/refresh system, a horseback riding therapy simulator, a VR-supported kitchen layout design system, as well as an urban planning VR system.

Virtual Reality Technology and Its Industrial Applications

Virtual reality (VR) is well-known and is currently being investigated for practical use in various industrial fields. Using three-dimensional computer graphics, interactive devices, and a high-resolution display, a virtual world can be realized in which imaginary objects can be picked up as if they were in the physical world. Using VR technology, Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. has been developing application systems for industrial use since 1990. This paper details four VR application systems: a relax/refresh system employing VR a horseback riding therapy simulator with VR technology, a VR-supported kitchen layout design system, as well as an urban planning VR system.

Robust optical systems for nondestructive testing based on laser diodes and diffractiveoptical elements

Two robust systems for vibration measurements are presented. Both systems are based on low-cost laser diodes. The stability of the optical systems is achieved by implementing the optical system as a holographic optical element (HOE) while using a common-path interferometer concept for the measurement scheme. The former system facilitates real-time simultaneous tracking of vibrations about two axes perpendicular to the optical axis. The latter system is an electronic speckle interferometer working in a differential mode providing whole-field information on the angular deformation about one axis between two states of the object. It will be argued that these concepts will provide compact, self-aligning systems for industrial use due to the inherent possibility of mass fabrication.

Theory and practice in measuring wood grain angle using microwaves

Knowledge of wood grain inclination is critical for achieving improved lumber strength grading. This paper describes an instrumentation system and theory for using microwaves to measure wood grain angle in real time. By using an electrically modulated scattering dipole with a homodyne microwave system, it is found both theoretically and experimentally that the amplitude reading of the modulated scattered signal provides an excellent means far measuring wood grain angle. In addition, the phase output of the system can be used to identify the sign of the grain angle. Two widely used wood species, Douglas Fir and Spruce, are measured at different moisture levels to verify the theoretical prediction experimentally. Preliminary data analysis shows that reliable measurement of grain angles up to about 30/spl deg/ can be made for wood within a wide range of specific gravity and moisture content. Through the experimental measurements, the potential of such a system for industrial use is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The System Truss as a Building System

A space structure means a structure, such as a space truss, suspended structure, or air supported structure. The space truss is a suitable system for industrial use or constructing systematized structure because it can be divided into simple components. Modern technology has made dramatic progress in the past decade, but the advanced technologies have not yet had a strong impact on architecture. The aim of this paper is to prove that the space truss can be both systematized and industrialized through the use of such advanced technologies as C.I.M. (Computer Integrated Manufacturing), and that the system truss (systematized space truss) will be able to provide infinite possibilities for, architects to create space structures.

Fish meat freshness sensing system for industrial use

A new system for the evaluation of the myofibrillar ATPase total activity of fish meat was developed. The system can be used as an indicator of fish meat freshness. In this study, surimi from Alaksa pollack was used as fish meat. Surimi is a frozen material which is prepared from minced fish. The system was constructed using a pH electrode. ATP (adenosine-5′-triphosphate) was used as a substrate and proton ions generated as a result of enzyme reaction were detected by pH electrode. Using this system, a definite difference in pH change was observed between sumiri of different levels of freshness. A state of continuous enzyme action, which could be called ‘enzyme spectra’, could also be observed using this system. In the evaluation of surimi freshness, a clear correlation was obtained between this pH method and the conventional spectrophotometric method. The correlation coefficient was 0·93.

Current status of electron processing system for industrial use in Japan and Asian countries

This report describes the latest information of the industrial utilization of electron processing system in Japan and Asian countries and the latest features of the system.

60 J quasistationary electroionization laser on Xe atomic metastables

A high-pressure ( p = 3.5 atm) electroionization laser operating on the 5d-6p xenon atomic transitions is investigated for a pumping pulse duration range up to 30 μs. An output energy of more than 60 J has been achieved with an Ar-Xe mixture and an active volume of 10 1. The angular divergence of the radiation was about 5 \times 10^{-5} rad. The advantages of such laser systems for industrial use is discussed.

Experience with plate-and-frame ultrafiltration and hyperfiltration systems for desalination of water and purification of waste water

The first hyperfiltration systems developed in the U.S.A. at the end of the 1960's were plate-and-frame systems. The systems were not very successful, but at the same time research in Europe resulted in plate-and-frame systems with excellent performance. Since 1969, DDS (De Danske Sukkerfabrikker) has marketed the DDS-RO system for industrial use, mainly in food, dairy, and pharmaceutical industries, but recently also in the pulp and paper industry. Desalination of water has been made successfully since 1969 with DDS-RO plate-and-frame systems. The paper gives a review of the development of plate-and-frame systems and especially three different approaches used by DDS. Examples are given for the following applications of the system: 1. Desalination of brackish water on small islands in Denmark for production of drinking water. 2. Desalination of sea water in Greenland for production of drinking water. 3. Desalination of high salt-content ground water for market gardens with a special demand on water quality. 4. Purification and decolorization of bleaching effluents from the sulphate process.

C0 2 Lasers as a heat source for engineering applications

Work at Birmingham University is directed to developing integrated manufacturing systems for industrial use. System requirements are sought on the basis of quantitative process experiments. Absolute power measurement by a black-body sphere calorimeter is included. Fore-optics are necessary to optimise spot size and power intensity. The behaviour of irradiated engineering materials is examined. Achievement of maximum total power requires a sacrifice in peak power intensity available. Applications exist for conduction processes but cutting or welding relies on a non-conducting limiting mode of energy transfer when power exceeds a threshold value. At present, this mechanism cannot be achieved with metals. Available experimental data is scant but tables are given showing known cutting and welding data.

Data Reduction System for Industrial Use

Data Reduction System for Industrial Use