Synthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles Research Articles

Composition of Sodium Alginate Films Containing Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Aqueous Extract of Turnera subulata Sm and Evaluation of Their Healing Potential In Vivo

ABSTRACTSodium alginate is used in wound care because of its hydrogel‐forming properties and ability to protect the wound. Copper nanoparticles have properties that inhibit the growth of microorganisms and mediate the production of essential biomolecules for the healing process, making them an excellent choice for constructing nanocomposites for wound treatment. This work aimed to synthesize copper nanoparticles using an aqueous extract of Turnera subulata Sm. and incorporate them into sodium alginate to obtain films with healing potential. The proposed system was characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x‐ray crystallography, and biocompatibility verified by hemolysis test. The UV–vis analysis showed that CuO NPs absorb at 280 and 404 nm. The FTIR spectra revealed stretching and folding modes of the functional groups present in the aqueous extract of T. subulata responsible for the reduction/stabilization of the copper ion, as well as signals at 780 and 618 cm−1 originating from the CuO bond. Size estimation using DLS revealed 564.5 and 394.2 nm. AFM data showed that adding copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) changed alginate roughness, and surface imaging revealed a material with a uniform appearance. The hemolysis test showed hemocompatibility of CuO NPs at all tested concentrations. Histology showed that CuONP‐loaded alginate films accelerated the healing process.

A Review on Bioflocculant-Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles: Characterization and Application in Wastewater Treatment.

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are tiny materials with special features such as high electric conductivity, catalytic activity, antimicrobial activity, and optical activity. Published reports demonstrate their utilization in various fields, including biomedical, agricultural, environmental, wastewater treatment, and sensor fields. CuNPs can be produced utilizing traditional procedures; nevertheless, such procedures have restrictions like excessive consumption of energy, low production yields, and the utilization of detrimental substances. Thus, the adoption of environmentally approachable "green" approaches for copper nanoparticle synthesis is gaining popularity. These approaches involve employing plants, bacteria, and fungi. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of data regarding the application of microbial bioflocculants in the synthesis of copper NPs. Therefore, this review emphasizes copper NP production using microbial flocculants, which offer economic benefits and are sustainable and harmless. The review also provides a characterization of the synthesized copper nanoparticles, employing numerous analytical tools to determine their compositional, morphological, and topographical features. It focuses on scientific advances from January 2015 to December 2023 and emphasizes the use of synthesized copper NPs in wastewater treatment.

Copper Nanoparticles: Characterization, Synthesis, and Biological Activity - A Review.

Copper and copper-based nanoparticles, derived from the abundant and cost-effective copper metal, have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties and potential for various applications. Copper is a biogenic metal that is found in all kingdoms of life and has a variety of essential biological activities. Among the earliest metals that humanity has harvested and exploited, copper has played a crucial role in maintaining and advancing civilization since the beginning of time. The article provided sources that shed light on the synthesis, characteristics, and applications of copper and copper nanoparticles, highlighting their historical significance and diverse range of uses.

Copper nanoparticles biosynthesis by Priestia megaterium and its application as antibacterial and antitumor agents

The growth of material science and technology places high importance on creating better processes for synthesizing copper nanoparticles. Thus, an easy, ecological, and benign process for producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) has been developed using Priestia sp. bacteria utilizing a variety of low-cost agro-industrial wastes and byproducts. The biosynthesis of CuNPs was conducted using glucose medium and copper ions salt solution, then it was replaced by utilizing low-cost agro-industrial wastes. UV–visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), Attenuated Total Reflectance and Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and zeta potential were used to characterize the biosynthesized CuNPs. The cytotoxicity of CuNPs using Vero -CCL-81 cell lines, and antibacterial and antitumor properties using human colon epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2-HTB-37 cell lines were assessed. The UV–visible and DLS studies revealed CuNPs formation, with a maximum concentration of 6.19 ppm after 48 h, as indicated by a 0.58 Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) within 450 nm and 57.73 nm particle size. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that Priestia sp. isolate is closely related to Priestia megaterium and has been deposited in the NCBI GenBank with accession number AMD 2024. The biosynthesis with various agro-industrial wastes indicated blackstrap sugar cane molasses being the most effective for reducing CuNPs size to 3.12 nm owing to various reducing and stabilizing active compounds. The CuNPs were free of contaminants, with a sphere-shaped structure and a cytotoxicity assessment with an IC50 of 367.27 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity exhibited by the most susceptible bacteria were Bacillus cereus ATCC 11788 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 with inhibition zones of 26.0 mm and 28.0 mm, respectively. The antitumor effect showed an IC50 dose of 175.36 μg/mL. Based on the findings, the current work sought to lower product costs and provide a practical solution to the environmental contamination issues brought on by the buildup of agricultural wastes. In addition, the obtained CuNPs could be applied in many fields such as pharmaceuticals, water purification, and agricultural applications as future aspects.

Therapeutic Prospective of Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles using Hemidesmus indicus (R.Br.) on Lung Cancer cell Lines (A549) and its Antibacterial Effect against the Clinical Isolates

Therapeutic Prospective of Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles using Hemidesmus indicus (R.Br.) on Lung Cancer cell Lines (A549) and its Antibacterial Effect against the Clinical Isolates

Green Synthesis of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles Using Parthenium hysterophorus: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs) have gained attention for their unique properties and potential applications, particularly in medicine. This study aim to investigate the green synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles (NPs) using Parthenium hestephorus extract and evaluate their biological activities. The synthesized NPs were characterized using various analytical techniques, such as UV‐Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the successful synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles, with characteristic absorption peaks observed at 450 nm and 580 nm, respectively. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) were also conducted. In antimicrobial evaluations, the silver and copper nanoparticles exhibited notable inhibitory zones ranging from 12–18 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 27–30 mm against Escherichia coli bacteria. Furthermore, the nanoparticles’ potential as anticancer agents were tested on HepG2 human cancer cells using the MTT assay. The silver, copper nanoparticles, and control exhibited dose‐dependent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 35 μg/mL, 50 μg/ml, and 30 μg/ml, respectively, suggesting their promise in cancer treatment. Antioxidant activity was demonstrated through free radical scavenging assays, with silver and copper nanoparticles showing significant potential, inhibiting free radicals by 80 %, 70 %, and 90 %, respectively. It is concluded that the green synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles using extract of Parthenium hestephorus presents an efficient and sustainable method for generating NPs with potent antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant capabilities.

Copper nanoparticles synthesis from Andrographis paniculata leaf extract– characterization and its application

Copper nanoparticle synthesis and characterization are now being done widely due to its broad nanotechnology research interest, especially in medical applications. The current work set out to produce copper nanoparticles(CuNPs) by employing the herb Andrographis paniculata for medicinal purposes. Andrographis paniculata leaf extract was used to make CuNPs using copper sulphate (CuSO4). For monitoring the synthesis of CuNPs, the UV-vis absorption spectra were obtained and Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks at 500nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals the average size of the crystallites is 5.876 nm. This environmentally friendly approach yields homogenous, spherical particles, as demonstrated by images of Scanning and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). The outcomes demonstrated that leaf extract is most suited for producing CuNPs. It shows a greater zone of inhibition and inhibitory action against tested bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, and it can be used for the inhibition of several harmful microbes. Because the synthesized CuNPs are non-toxic, environmentally benign, and suitable for usage in pharmaceutical and other fields, they can be applied in a variety of ways in future.

Synthesis of Luminescent Copper Nanoparticles Using Couroupita guianensis Flower Extract: Evaluation of Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities.

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a crucial research area aimed at developing innovative, cost-effective, and eco-friendly synthesis techniques for various applications. Herein, we synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuNPs) using Couroupita guianensis flower extract via a simple green synthesis method. These green CuNPs demonstrate promising antimicrobial activity and anticancer activity against A549 nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We comprehensively characterized the CuNPs using UV spectrum, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS analyses. The antibacterial and anticancerous performance is attributed to their spherical-like morphology, which enhances effective interaction with bacterial and cancer cells. Moreover, CuNPs proved effective in inactivating Escherichia coli, achieving 2%, 52%, and 99% inactivation at 0, 30, and 60 min, respectively, and Listeria monocytogenes, achieving 1%, 48%, and 98% inactivation at 0, 30, and 60 min, respectively, under visible light. Furthermore, the CuNPs exhibited significant anticancer activity against A549 NSCLC cells, achieving cell viability reductions of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 83%, and 91% at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg/mL, respectively. The green synthesized CuNPs demonstrate their potential in biomedical applications.

Synthesis, Characterization and Influence of Copper Nanoparticles on Growth of Vigna mungo L. Hepper CO-7 Variety

The copper nanoparticle was synthesized by employing Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill) leaf extract. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV, FTIR and SEM studies. The SEM image showed a spherical structure. The bio-stimulant effect of green synthesized copper nanoparticles on Vigna mungo L. Hepper was investigated. Seed germination, biochemical, antioxidant, and enzyme activities of the copper nanoparticles were studied. The germination and morphological characteristics were superior at 100 mg/L copper nanoparticle-treated seeds. The biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll (0.701±0.107 mg/g), carbohydrate (4.657±0.090 mg/g), protein (4.396±0.335 mg/g), amino acid (18.557±0.638 mg/g), phenol (10.824±0.53 mg/g), flavonoid (3.644±0.171 mg/g), alkaloid (6.529±0.45 mg/g), and tannin (12.159±0.218 mg/g) were higher at a nanoparticle concentration of 100 mg/L. As far as the enzymatic activities, the maximum activity of nitrate reductase (4.505±0.203 mg/g) and α-amylase (13.195±0.285 mg/g) were observed with 100 mg/L copper nanoparticle-treated seedlings. The in vitro antioxidant activities were also studied.

Synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticle of Solanum Virginianum and Coccinia Grandis extract: A comparative study of thermal behavior

Synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticle of Solanum Virginianum and Coccinia Grandis extract: A comparative study of thermal behavior

Carbon dioxide mixed air promoting plasma-driven nitrogen oxidation conversion

Utilization of plasma-driven direct nitrogen oxidation for the production of nitrates presents a promising strategy for realizing artificial nitrogen fixation while minimizing carbon emissions. However, the conventional plasma-driven synthesis method employing air as the feed gas exhibits unsatisfactory nitrogen conversion efficiency due to insufficient oxygen. In this study, we introduced carbon dioxide as an additional source of oxygen and mixed it with air, utilizing electrochemically synthesized copper nanoparticles as a catalyst, which significantly improved the efficiency of plasma-driven nitrogen oxidation. The introduction of carbon dioxide not only provides sufficient O* for the nitrogen oxidation process, but also facilitates the high-value conversion of carbon dioxide with 99.99% selectivity in the synthesis of carbon monoxide. Additionally, we also designed a cyclic reaction device to further enhance the nitrogen oxidation efficiency. As a result, this plasma-driven cycle reaction system achieved a maximum nitrogen conversion rate of up to 11.4%.

One‐Step Laser Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and Laser‐Induced Graphene in a Paper Substrate for Non‐Enzymatic Glucose Sensing

AbstractThe synergy resulting from the high conductivity of graphene and catalytic properties of metal nanoparticle has been a resource to improve the activity and functionality of electrochemical sensors. This work focuses on the simultaneous synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and laser‐induced graphene (LIG) derived from paper, through a one‐step laser processing approach. A chromatography paper substrate with drop‐casted copper sulfate is used for the fabrication of this hybrid material, characterized in terms of its morphological, chemical, and conductive properties. Appealing conductive properties are achieved, with sheet resistance of 170 Ω sq−1 being reached, while chemical characterization confirms the simultaneous synthesis of the conductive carbon electrode material and metallic copper nanostructures. Using optimized laser synthesis and patterning conditions, LIG/CuNPs‐based working electrodes are fabricated within a three‐electrode planar cell, and their electrochemical performance is assessed against pristine LIG electrodes, demonstrating good electron transfer kinetics appropriate for electrochemical sensing. The sensor's ability to detect glucose through a non‐enzymatic route is optimized, to assure good sensing performance in standard samples and in artificial sweat complex matrix.

Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles from Terminalia arjuna (L.) bark extract: Characterization and potential for mercury degradation

The focus of this study is on synthesizing copper nanoparticles through a green approach, utilizing Terminalia arjuna bark extract. The ultra violet (UV) spectral analysis of copper nanoparticles synthesized through environmentally friendly methods revealed distinct absorption peaks at 287 nm, 575 nm, and 898 nm, indicative of significant light absorption. These peaks elucidate the nanoparticles' optical characteristics, shedding light on electronic transitions and surface plasmon resonance phenomena. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis displayed various peaks, suggesting vibrations associated with copper nanoparticles and functional groups in T. arjuna bark extract. The X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) data exhibited characteristic peaks corresponding to metallic copper's crystallographic planes, confirming the formation of highly crystalline copper nanoparticles. Atomic force microscopy results depicted surface morphology and particle size distribution. Copper nanoparticles show promise in mercury degradation due to their high surface area and catalytic activity. They interact effectively with mercury ions through adsorption, reduction, and oxidation processes, leading to sequestration or transformation into less toxic forms. Functionalization enhances their affinity towards mercury, while synergies with other nanomaterials boost efficiency. Green synthesized copper nanoparticles offer an eco-friendly solution for effective mercury remediation, promising advancements in sustainable nanotechnological approaches for global environmental sustainability. KEY WORDS: Mercury, Copper, Terminalia arjuna, Remediation Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1703-1713. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.16

Green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPS) by Piper longum fruit extract

Many applications of green synthesis in the field of environment and biomedicine aiming at decreasing the use of toxic chemicals through utilizing of plants which are safe. In this study, at 0.1 M concentration of copper sulfate (CuSO4.5H2O), CuNPs were prepared and identified by changing the blue color into green color (ethanolic extract) and from blue color to black color (water extract) and the spectrophotometric detection of ultraviolet and infrared spectra. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was utilized to confirm the crystal structure of CuNPs. The morphology and size of the CuNPs was measured by a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used for identification of the elemental composition of CuNPs involving copper and oxygen. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was utilized to confirm the shape of prepared copper nanoparticles. In vitro antibacterial activity was tested using two methods including desk diffusion assay considering zones of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against six types of certain bacterial types (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis). The results showed potent inhibitory activity of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and water extract (Ext. 2) against all bacterial strains. KEY WORDS: Copper nanoparticles, Piper Longum, Extract, Synthesis, Antibacterial Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1653-1666. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.12

From cornfield to catalyst support: Eco-friendly synthesis of Cu/CuO nanoparticles, immobilization on the waste corn husk fibers, photocatalytic exploration and bioactivity evaluation

This study presents an innovative approach to eco-friendly synthesis and utilization of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) for photocatalytic applications, employing waste corn husk fibers as sustainable catalyst support. The synthesis of CuNPs was achieved through a green synthesis method utilizing myrtle extract. Subsequently, the remarkable photocatalytic activity of the CuNPs explored (76% removal efficiency of Crystal Violet), showcased their potential in environmental remediation applications. Furthermore, the immobilization of CuNPs onto waste corn husk fibers was investigated, aiming to develop a novel composite material with enhanced catalytic performance. A distinctive approach was introduced by immobilizing CuNPs onto fibers derived from corn husks, and waste biomass material, leading to a significant enhancement in photocatalytic efficiency, surpassing 95.1%. Furthermore, bioactivity evaluation studies revealed the significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, DNA fragmentation, cell viability, antibiofilm and antimicrobial properties of CuNPs. The antioxidant ability was determined at 100 mg/L as 87.12%. The most powerful antimicrobial activity of CuNP was found as a MIC value of 8 mg/L against E. faecalis. The cell viability inhibition of CuNP was 90.05% at 20 mg/L. CuNP exhibited biofilm inhibition activity at different concentrations. The antibiofilm ability was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus compared to Pseudomonas aureginosa. While the DNA cleavage activity of CuNP observed double-strand breaks at 50 and 100 mg, complete fragmentation occurred at 200 mg concentrations. The bioactivity of the synthesized CuNPs shed light on their potential biomedical applications. The synthesized CuNPs are characterized using various analytical techniques to elucidate their structural and morphological properties. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis provided insights into the chemical composition and surface properties of the synthesized materials. EDS analysis confirmed their successful integration into waste corn husk fibers. Overall, this interdisciplinary study highlights the potential of CuNPs immobilized on waste corn husk fibers for addressing environmental pollution, advancing sustainable technologies and paving the way for the development of efficient catalysts with diverse functionalities.

Advancing the design of heterogeneous catalyst: Copper-montmorillonite for regioselective alkyne hydroamination

Transition metal catalysts supported on natural materials offer promising avenues for sustainable organic synthesis. In this study, we present the synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic performance of copper nanoparticles supported on montmorillonite K10 (CuMK10) as a heterogeneous catalyst for hydroamination reactions. CuMK10, synthesised through a robust and established nanoparticle synthesis methodology, demonstrates remarkable catalytic efficiency and selectivity in the synthesis of imines via hydroamination of terminal alkynes. The catalyst exhibits exceptional regioselectivity, predominantly yielding Markovnikov products, demonstrating its potential as a versatile tool in organic synthesis. Moreover, CuMK10 shows favourable reusability, offering economic benefits and practical utility due to its ease of recovery and reuse. Comprehensive structural and mechanistic studies provide insights into the catalyst's performance, paving the way for the development of efficient and environmentally benign catalytic systems.

Fungal-mediated synthesis of copper nanoparticles for effective management of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Meeting the escalating demand for food presents a challenge, necessitating the inevitable use of chemical pesticides to ensure a sufficient level of food production. However, these pesticides, have drawbacks and can adversely affect non-target organisms and the environment. Nanoparticles for disease management offer a powerful solution, bringing numerous benefits such as enhanced efficacy, minimized pesticide use, reduced impact on the environment, etc. In the present study, the supernatant of two fungi, Fusarium verticillioides and Bipolaris maydis were used for copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) synthesis. A 5 mM CuSO4 solution was used as a precursor and the reaction was carried out at an optimized pH of 8.5 in dark conditions.The shift in the reaction mixture's colour from light blue to yellowish-green and reddish-brown with F. verticillioides and B. maydis supernatant, respectively, preliminarily confirmed particle size reduction. Characterization of fungal-mediated synthesized CuNPs (FM-CuNPs) using transmission electron microscope measured the size of 8.62-52 nm and 27.96 to 65 nm by employing F. verticillioides and B.maydis, respectively, with a spherical shape. Dynamic light scattering measured the hydrodynamic size of FM-CuNPs 141.8 nm and 170.2 nm with zeta potential of -19.5 mV and -22.5 mV, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of functional groups such as amines, amides, and OH groups speculated to have a pivotal role in the reduction and stabilization of particle. Additionally, the in vitro evaluation efficacy of FM-CuNPs against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae exhibited a significant inhibition zone starting from 100 microgram ml (1.70 cm) as compared to control. The study demonstrates the -1 remarkable efficacy of FM-CuNPs synthesized for the first time using two aforesaid fungal species. . KEYWORDS :Bipolaris maydis, CuNPs, Fusarium verticillioides, Management, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae

Eco-friendly Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles: An Overview of the Epoch-making Role of Natural Resources, Applications, and Recent Developments

Abstract: Green synthesized metal nanoparticles offer a broad spectrum of applications. They also offer unmatched significance because they are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and less toxic to human beings. Copper nanoparticles, when synthesized using green protocols, exhibit enriched properties and are substantially used in the preparation of nanofluids, medicine, conductive agents, etc. In this review, we have highlighted how the side effects of synthetic compounds have paved the way to look for greener alternatives in the field of nanomedicine. Green fabrication, characterization, and activities of copper nanoparticles using different biological sources have been extensively studied and reported. The biological sources have been broadly classified into two categories, plant-based and microbial-based. Natural resources are a reservoir of flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, etc. They act as reducing and stabilizing agents for nanoparticles. Bio-synthesized metal nanoparticles have presented themselves as anti-microbial agents, bioreductors, cytotoxic agents, bioremediators, etc. This review has described the effective utilization of natural resources for synthesizing copper nanoparticles. It also emphasizes the recent developments in this field covering the diverse applications of the same.

From Waste to Sensor: Facile Synthesis of a Copper‐Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite as a Colorimetric Sensing Platform for Uric Acid

AbstractUric acid serves as a vital diagnostic marker for diseases like arthritis, gout, etc. Accurate quantification of UA is crucial for diagnosis. The hydroxyapatite (HAp), being catalytic in nature, was used as a template for copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) synthesis and for providing surface area for chemical reactions needed for sensing uric acid. HAp was synthesized from waste chicken bones, followed by doping with copper metal salt through calcination. The synthesis of copper hydroxyapatite (Cu‐HAp) nanocomposite was confirmed using different techniques. SEM displayed the nanoporous morphology of the material. The hexagonal crystal structure of HAp was revealed by X‐ray diffraction analysis, and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis showed the successful doping of Cu on HAp. The Cu‐HAp nanocomposite and 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) dye were employed as a new colorimetric sensing platform for uric acid sensing. The fabricated sensing platform detected uric acid with excellent sensitivity (LOD, 0.24 μM) and a wide linear range (1–270 μM). Optimization experiments demonstrated that the proposed sensor performs best at 4 mg of Cu‐HAp nanocomposite, pH 6, with a response time of 100 s. Furthermore, TMB and H2O2 concentrations of 12 and 8 mM were used, respectively. The proposed sensor successfully detected uric acid in physiological samples.

From agro-food waste to nanoparticles: green synthesis of copper nanoparticles with lignin peroxidase enzyme produced by Anoxybacillus rupiensis using peanut shells.

This study presents a novel approach for the eco-friendly green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) using enzymatic mediation which is an environmentally benign alternative to conventional methods, offering control over particle size and shape. Anoxybacillus rupiensis BS1 thermophilic bacterium was isolated from Erzurum's Pasinler hot spring and lignin peroxidase enzyme production conditions (incubation time 96h, 40g/L shell amount, pH 8.5, 150rpm, and 60°C temperature) were used in the production of peroxidase enzyme using peanut waste which has been optimized. The characterization of the synthesized Cu NPs was performed using various analytical techniques, including UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confirming the successful production of stable and well-defined nanoparticles. Furthermore, the biological activities of the synthesized Cu NPs were explored, revealing their potential for antimicrobial applications. The antibacterial efficacy of the Cu NPs against some pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Bacillus cereus was examined. It was determined that Cu NPs were effective on all pathogens and had the highest effectiveness against the S. pyogenes pathogen (19.0mm). This study not only presents an innovative and sustainable approach for the synthesis of Cu NPs but also highlights the multifaceted biological activities of these nanoparticles, opening avenues for diverse applications in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation. The utilization of peanut shell wastes as a substrate for enzyme production adds value to agricultural by-products, contributing to the development of a circular and sustainable economy.