Swiss Albino Mice Mus Musculus Research Articles

Silk Dye Effluent Induced Change in Ultra-Structure of Testis on Swiss Albino Male Mice Mus Musculus and Recovery by Moringa Oleifera Leaves Powder

The silk dye effluent is one of the most potential harmful chemicals liberated in the environment in an unexpected manner. Silk dye waste is widely used as a potent dyeing of yarn and fabrics in many countries and has been shown to produce some adverse health effects. This work focuses primarily on the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on testis of silk dye effluent induced surface ultrastructure in Swiss albino mice Mus musculus. The testis has been taken an account for surface ultrastructural study. The mice were divided into 5 Groups i.e. Group I (Control), Group II (fed with 50% silk dye), Group III (fed with 100% silk dye), Group IV (mice fed with 50% dye treated with M. oleifera leaves powder), Group V (mice fed with 100% dye treated with M. oleifera leaves powder) have been taken for experiment. The dose of silk dye was 2ml/day to both groups II and III and M. oleifera leaf is given as per the standard dose (300mg/kg b.w) to both animals of group IV and V. Administration of silk dye waste result were demonstrated disrupted spermatids, cessation of seminiferous tubule cell, irregular cavity, lump of seminiferous tubules, disrupted interstitial cell and occupied spermatogonial cells but used of Moringa oleifera leafs powder it was significantly recovered the damage tissues has been observed. This study suggested that the extract may have beneficial effect on surface ultrastructural constituents such as Testis.
 Key words: Silk dye Effluent, Moringa oleifera leaf powder, Testis, Mus musculus, SEM for Ultra-Structure, Toxicity assessment.

<p><strong>Genotoxic effect of manganese and nickel doped zinc ferrite (Mn<sub>0.3</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>Zn<sub>0.4</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticle in Swiss albino mouse <em>Mus musculus</em></strong></p>

Manganese and Nickel doped Zinc Ferrite (MNZF) nanoparticle Mn0.3Ni0.3Zn0.4Fe2O4 is used in fabrication of room temperature (25-30ºC) NH3 gas sensor in large scale industries. However, there are no studies available on its toxic effects. Hence, in the present study, we assessed the genotoxic effect of various doses (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) of the MNZF nanoparticle (NP) in Swiss albino mice Mus musculus employing the chromosomal aberration test, micronucleus test and single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay). The NP was orally gavaged for 15 consecutive days. Dose-dependent study was conducted at 24 h after the last dose of gavage and time-dependent response was studied for 250 mg/kg at 24, 48 and 72 h of treatment. All the parameters employed showed a statistically significant dose-dependent increase of genetic damage indicating the genotoxic effect of this NP in Swiss albino mice. Proper precautions should be undertaken on handling this NP to avoid contact with it either through respiration or ingestion.

Effect of cold stress on infanticide by female Swiss albino mice Mus musculus: a pilot study

BackgroundMice are widely accepted research models of great clinical significance. Maintenance of laboratory mice breed is an essential aspect for performing research activities in various fields of science. Infanticide is one of the prominent causes of litter loss during maintenance of laboratory mice stock. The present study is an effort to monitor the effect of change in ambient temperature of female mice below the normal range on cannibalism and infanticide during early postparturition phase. Adult female Swiss albino mice have been divided into two groups of control and treatment. On the day of litter group one was maintained under controlled temperature conditions (minimum 20 °C to maximum 23 °C) throughout, while female mice belong to group two have been exposed to variation of room temperature (maximum 15 °C to minimum 10 °C for two nights and one day) until 36 h postparturition.ResultsThe effects of temperature changes were observed on the infanticide behaviour of dams along with the survival of pups in early postparturition phase till 36 h after delivery. The significant statistical difference (P < 0.05) was reported in infanticide behaviour of dams when control and treatment group was compared. It is observed that decrement in surrounding temperature promotes decrement in the ambient body temperature of dams during early postparturition. It is proposed that alteration of hypothalamic homeostasis due to temperature change induces cannibalism and infanticide behaviour. Lack of thermoregulation during early postparturition creates the sense of insecurity, in-satiety, anxiety and stress.ConclusionsAuthors strongly recommend the maintenance of body and surrounding temperature to prevent infanticidal behaviour and cannibalism within Swiss albino mice population. Further investigations are advisable to authenticate the active behavioural and biochemical pathway behind the phenomena.

Effects of corn oil as a vehicle- on liver of female Swiss albino mice Mus musculus

The study was conducted to evaluate corn oil as a vehicle for delivery of toxins and to observe its effect on liver of female Swiss albino mice. Mice were randomly divided into five groups of six mice each and were administered corn oil at a dose of 10 ml /kg body weight orally for a period of six weeks. Mice of control Gr-1 were kept on normal diet and tap water ad libitum. Histopathological examination of the liver of female albino mice revealed mild alteration in Gr.-4 and mild fatty degeneration was observed in Gr.-5. Mice in Gr.-2 and Gr.-3 showed neither abnormal conditions nor any change in the liver architecture. The biochemical parameters like SGPT, ALP, total protein, and albumin (LFT) were estimated for all the treatment groups and compared with their normal values of the contnDl Gr.-1. Statistical analysis was done using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The values obtained were not significant (P>0.05) in all the treated groups for all the biochemical parameters. However the levels of ALP and Albumin in Gr.-5 were higher as compared to the control Gr-1. These data indicate that corn oil at the dose of 10 ml/kg body weight can be used as a vehicle for toxicological studies but may cause adverse effects on the hepatic tissue if used for prolonged periods, suggesting that corn oil as a vehicle can be a confounding factor in the toxicity study depending on time and dose

Toxicity impact of Silk dye waste effluent induced Histopathological changes in the Stomach and Intestine of Swiss albino mice Mus musculus and their mitigation using Moringa oleifera leaf powder

Toxicity impact of Silk dye waste effluent induced Histopathological changes in the Stomach and Intestine of Swiss albino mice Mus musculus and their mitigation using Moringa oleifera leaf powder

Protective effects of Selenium and/or Melatonin against Cadmium Chloride induced Chromosomal aberrations in Swiss Albino mice Mus musculus BALB/c

The present study was aimed to investigate the protective role of selenium and melatonin with concentration (0.2 mg /kg b.wt./day) for selenium and (2.5 mg/kg b. wt./day) for melatonin. The doses were administered for five weeks five day per week against the genotoxic effect of orally given Cadmium chloride (1mg/kg b.wt. /day) to male albino mice for five weeks (five day per week). Thirty five male albino mice were divided into seven groups; each group contained five mice. Chromosomal studies in bone marrow cells were used as parameters in this evaluation. It was observed that the administration of Cadmium chloride generally produced more chromosomal aberrations such as (gap, break, ring, dicentric, centric fusion, end to end association, aneuploidy and polyploidy) compared with control. Chromosomal aberrations were reduced in treatment with the antioxidants (Selenium, melatonin) and their combinations .Finally, it was concluded that selenium and melatonin can serve as possible anti-genotoxic agent against the clastogenic effect of Cadmium chloride.

Effect of Aspirin drug in Liver tissue of swiss white mice Mus musculus

This study was designed to identify the extent of the effect of drug Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on histological structure of liver in Swiss albino mice Mus musculus.(16) mice were used and divided into two groups. The first groupwas orally treated with )0.5ml(of aspirinat concentration of (50 mcg / kg) and the second group was considered as control group Treated with distiled water lasted for 30 days. Treatment with Aspirin led to the occurrence of histopathological cases included liver necrosis ,cellular infilitration, congestion in central vein and a case of Hemorrhage. The results also showed the absence of radial arrangement of the constituents of hepatic cells from tissue due to these changes with the control group. From the above results, it coulde be concluded that the drug aspirin had a negative effect on liver of Swiss albino

Effect of Aspirin drug in Liver tissue of swiss white mice Mus musculus

This study was designed to identify the extent of the effect of drug Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on histological structure of liver in Swiss albino mice Mus musculus.(16) mice were used and divided into two groups. The first groupwas orally treated with )0.5ml(of aspirinat concentration of (50 mcg / kg) and the second group was considered as control group Treated with distiled water lasted for 30 days. Treatment with Aspirin led to the occurrence of histopathological cases included liver necrosis ,cellular infilitration, congestion in central vein and a case of Hemorrhage. The results also showed the absence of radial arrangement of the constituents of hepatic cells from tissue due to these changes with the control group. From the above results, it coulde be concluded that the drug aspirin had a negative effect on liver of Swiss albino

Carbofuran-Induced Alterations in Body Morphometrics and Histopathology of Liver and Kidneys in the Swiss Albino Mice Mus Musculus L.

Carbofuran-fed changes in body, liver and kidney weights as well as alterations in the histopathology of hepatic and renal tissues in the Swiss albino mice Mus musculaus L. were assessed. Twenty 7-10 days old male mice were divided equally into five groups viz. T0 (control), T1, T2, T3 and T4, which were allowed to feed on Carbofuran supplemented diets at doses of 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg food. Compared to the decrease in body and kidney weights of the treated mice, Carbofuran-fed diets resulted in a significant gain in both body (P<0.004) and kidney weights (P<0.025) but decrease in liver weight (P<0.001) of the untreated mice. Carbofuran treatments, however, decreased both hepatosomatic and renosomatic indices of the experimental mice. Histological microphotographs of the liver and kidney tissues of the control showed no abnormalities in structure, colour, and appearance. While those of the treated mice showed remarkable changes that include haemosiderin in hepatocytes, epithelial and Kupffer cells, dilated sinusoids, haemorrhage and vacuolation, necrotic hepatocytes and congested central and portal veins, inflammatory cell infiltration and increased number of mononuclear cells in liver sections. In kidney sections, on the other hand, oedema, congested or degenerated glomeruli, widened urinary spaces, dilated or vacuolated tubules, degenerated or eroded walls of Bowman's capsules, haemorrhages and inflammatory cell infiltrations, hyalinized areas and increased numbers of podocytes and mesangial cells were notable characteristics. Relevance of these findings to the indiscriminate uses of this carbamate insecticide in agriculture and public health has been discussed.

Carbofuran-Induced Alterations in Body Morphometrics and Histopathology of Liver and Kidneys in the Swiss Albino Mice Mus Musculus L.

Carbofuran-fed changes in body, liver and kidney weights as well as alterations in the histopathology of hepatic and renal tissues in the Swiss albino mice Mus musculaus L. were assessed. Twenty 7-10 days old male mice were divided equally into five groups viz. T0 (control), T1, T2, T3 and T4, which were allowed to feed on Carbofuran supplemented diets at doses of 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg food. Compared to the decrease in body and kidney weights of the treated mice, Carbofuran-fed diets resulted in a significant gain in both body (P<0.004) and kidney weights (P<0.025) but decrease in liver weight (P<0.001) of the untreated mice. Carbofuran treatments, however, decreased both hepatosomatic and Reno somatic indices of the experimental mice. Histological microphotographs of the liver and kidney tissues of the control showed no abnormalities in structure, color, and appearance. While those of the treated mice showed remarkable changes that include hemosiderin in hepatocytes, epithelial and Kupffer cells, dilated sinusoids, hemorrhage and vacuolation, necrotic hepatocytes and congested central and portal veins, inflammatory cell infiltration and increased number of mononuclear cells in liver sections. In kidney sections, on the other hand, edema, congested or degenerated glomeruli, widened urinary spaces, dilated or vacuolated tubules, degenerated or eroded walls of Bowman’s capsules, hemorrhages and inflammatory cell infiltrations, hyalinized areas and increased numbers of podocytes and mesangial cells were notable characteristics. Relevance of these findings to the indiscriminate uses of this carbamate insecticide in agriculture and public health has been discussed.

Modulating Effect of Nigella sativa on Renal Structural Changes by Monosodium Glutamate in Female Mice

There is considerable evidence, suggest that, consumption of food additives monosodium glutamate (MSG), places humans at risk and the greatest risk is faced by children. The present work aimed for explaining the risks of excessive use of recent food additives MSGasa flavor enhancer and to study the role of black seeds extract Nigellia sativaas a natural and safe product in modulating effect of renal structural changes in female mice. Eighty female Swiss albino mice Musmusculus (2 months old, 20-25 g) divided into 4 groups (20 females each). The first group was used as control one (given distilled water only without MSG and/ or NS). The second group, (given orally a dose of 8 mg MSG/kg of body weight in distilled water). The third group, (given orally a dose of 180 mg powder NS/kg of body weight suspended in distilled water )and the fourth group, (given orally a dose of 8 mg MSG and 180 mg powder NS/kg of body weight in distilled water). Mice were sacrificed at the end of 10 weeks to remove kidneys for histological and histochemical studies. Histological and histochemical investigations of kidney of MSG group showed several changes include dilation and congestion of some blood vessels, certain cells of convoluted tubules affected comprising cellular swelling, hydropic changes, necrosis, enlarged dilation of several convoluted tubules. Investigation also showed infiltration of large number of inflammatory lymphocytes and abnormality in the pattern of kidney tissues and distortion of some glomeruluithat appeared enlarged or lobulated and sometimes congested with red blood cells. Also increased intensity of collagen fibers, proteins and lipids with the general lack of glycogen granules was observed as compared with controls one. The result of this work showed the role of Nigellia sativa extract as a natural and safe product in modulating renal structural changes in female Swiss albino mice treated with MSG and explained the risks of excessive use of MSGas a flavor enhancer.

Cadmium induced histopathological changes in the stomach and small intestine of Swiss albino mice Mus musculus

The results on the effect of oral administration of cadmium chloride on the histomorphology of the stomach and small intestine of Swiss albino mice revealed severe histopathological effects in the tissues of both stomach and small intestine. There is marked atrophy of musculature, and disintegration of sub-mucosal and mucosal tissues, distortion of villi with disintegration of mucosal epithelial cells characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolization, nuclear pycnosis and nuclear fragmentation. A significant damage in the Brunner’s gland and crypts of Liberkuhn has been observed.

Neoplastic and Hematological Effects of Endosulfan and Bleomycin in the Swiss Albino Mice Mus musculus

Effects of endosulfan (EN), an insecticide, and bleomycin (BL), an antibiotic, on the body weight in the normal mice, and the in vivo cell growth, tumor weight, and hematological parameters of the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell-bearing Swiss albino mice Mus musculus were evaluated. EN and BL were respectively administered orally and intraperitoneally to the experimental mice; the control group consisted of EAC cell-bearing untreated mice only. EN reduced the body weight in normal mice, whereas BL resulted in a steady body weight compared to the control. EN increased the EAC cell count significantly by reducing the growth of normal viable cells. In contrast, BL reduced the cell count by increasing the proportion of viable cells in the body. The tumor weights induced by EN were significantly higher than those of the EAC control and the BL-treated animals. In comparisons with the control and the BL mice, hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (%) and the number of RBC and lymphocytes were lowered, while counts of WBC, neutrophils, and monocytes were elevated after EN treatments. These results show that BL is capable of reducing the EN-induced neoplastic and haematological alterations in the mice under laboratory conditions.

Morphological deformities and tissue lesions of some parts of the central nervous system updated with rifampsin Rifampicin in the white mouse embryo Mus musculus

The present study aimed to investigating the effects of rifampicin drug to induce morphological malformations and histological defects in some divisions of central nervous system during embryogenesis of swiss albino mice Mus musculus at the level of light microscope. The pregnant female ingested of rifampicin orally as ascending concentrations 150, 250, 350 mg/kg body weight daily, which started at the ih day of pregnancy until delivery of neonate. The result revealed at 150 mg/kg no morphological malformations were observed except some histopatholgical changes in the spinal cord. The ratio of malformes embryos at 250 mg/kg was 14% represented by embryos hypertrophy, Encephalauxe, Embryos cyanosis, and ophthalmoptosis. The histological injuries in the mantle layer of neuro epithelium were vaculation, bleeding, degeneration and necrosis. In addition, decreasing of central canal in the spinal cord appeared. At 350 mg/kg of rifampicin the malformed embryos, were 29%. The morphological defects were enencephalauxe, abdominal teres is with intestinal cenosis appeared lowering of the cranial skull, displacement of otic and straight microcaudale tail appears. Histopathologically many injures appeared as vaculation hypoplasia and necrosis in the mantle layer of neuroepithelium , as well as protrution ofbrain laterally as external brain, in addition to spinal cord damages, compared with control group.

Morphological abnormalities and histopathological lesions of ethyl alcohol During the embryonic development of the Swiss white mouse Mus Musculus

The present study aims at investigating the effects of ethyl alcohol to induce morphological malformation and histological defects during the embryological eye development of the Swiss albino mice Mus musculus at the level of light microscope. The pregnant female ingested alcoholic solution orally as ascending concentrations (15%, 20%, 25%, 30%) daily, which started at the 7th of day pregnancy until delivery of neonate. The results revealed no pregnant period prolongation in contrast to control group, On the other hand, at (15%) conc. No morphological lesions were observed, while the histological malformations represented as retinal duplication and iris necrosis. At (20%)conc.(22%) of the embryos suffered from malformation (morphological and histological) which were represented in eye involution, adhering of corneal and retina to the lens, while at conc. (25%) the ratio of malformed embryos was (26%) represented in ophthalmocele and optic nerve necrosis. At (30%) conc. The ratio of malformed embryo reached to (32%), the features represented in the absence of left limb and the reduction of retinal layers with the absence of coronal stoma, compared with control group.

Genotoxic Effect of Ground Water Salts rich in Fluoride

Summary Non-permissible concentration of fluoride salts in ground water induces various anomalies in human beings. Bhagalpur city’s ground water contains 1‐2 ppm of fluoride. Its genotoxic effects were assessed in Swiss albino mice Mus Musculus. 25% (50 mg/l) and 50% (100 mg/l) concentrations were found to increase the frequency of abnormal cells by 10.33 and 19.33% and chromosome abnormalities by 10.33 and 20.00% in bone marrow cells. The increase in frequency of chromosome anomaly was mainly due to significant increase in individual type, viz. chromatid breaks, gaps and acentric fragments. The effect is dose dependent. Fluoride salts present in the ground water might have interfered the phagocytosis and produce oxygen free reactive radicals that attack the nucleophilic sites of the DNA leading to the loss of important gene segments responsible for cell growth and the ageing.

Modifying effect of iron on lead-induced clastogenicity in mouse bone marrow cells.

Essential trace elements such as iron (Fe) are known to interact with nonessential metals like lead (Pb), influencing its metabolism. Ferric chloride and lead nitrate were administered intraperitoneally to Swiss albino mice Mus musculus singly and successively, with or without a time gap of 1 h, to study the degree of protection, if any, afforded by iron against the clastogenic effects induced by Pb in bone marrow cells. A decrease in the frequency of lead-induced chromosomal aberrations was observed when Fe was given together with or prior to Pb administration.