Sustainable Urban Transport System Research Articles

Model of a Sustainable Transport System on the Example of Olsztyn

The main aim of the article is to present a theoretical model of a sustainable urban transport system and to indicate the need for changes in the approach to it. The issues of sustainable development and functioning of the municipal transport system in Olsztyn discussed in the article evoke vivid social and political interests of the city's inhabitants. This is mainly due to the impact of transport operation on quality of life, the correlation of its development with the economic development of the city, and the strong impact of transport on the natural environment. Today, it is already known that a coherent and modern transport system is an indispensable element of a competitive city. Connecting the city into a functional system, it presents it as a system of interdependencies between its elements.

Traffic Safety Perception, Attitude, and Feeder Mode Choice of Metro Commute: Evidence from Shenzhen.

Like many other transit modes, the metro provides stop-to-stop services rather than door-to-door services, so its use undeniably involves first- and last-mile issues. Understanding the determinants of the first- and last-mile mode choice is essential. Existing literature, however, mostly overlooks the mode choice effects of traffic safety perception and attitudes toward the mode. To this end, based on a face-to-face questionnaire survey in Shenzhen, China, this study uses the two-sample t-test to confirm the systematic differences in traffic safety perception and attitudes between different subgroups and develops a series of multinomial logistic (MNL) models to identify the determinants of first- and last-mile mode choice for metro commuters. The results of this study show that: (1) Walking is the most frequently used travel mode, followed by dockless bike-sharing (DBS) and buses; (2) Variances in traffic safety perception and attitude exist across gender and location; (3) Vehicle-related crash risks discourage metro commuters from walking to/from the metro station but encourage them to use DBS and buses as feeder modes; (4) DBS–metro integration is encouraged by the attitude that DBS is quicker than buses and walking, and positive attitudes toward the bus and DBS availability are decisive for the bus–metro and DBS–metro integration, respectively; and (5) Substantial differences exist in the mode choice effects of traffic safety perception and attitudes for access and egress trips. This study provides a valuable reference for metro commuters’ first- and last-mile travel mode choice, contributing to developing a sustainable urban transport system.

Micromobility and public transport integration: The current state of knowledge

Cities globally are grappling with the negative externalities of car travel and are therefore striving to move towards a more sustainable urban transportation system. The introduction and popularity of new personal transport modes, such as e-scooters and electric bicycles, could potentially accelerate this transition as they become more commonplace and are accepted into regulatory frameworks. The integration of these new modes and vehicles into public transport systems, for example, could enhance accessibility and lead to potential modal shifts away from private car use. In order to assess the potential for change that micromobility holds, it is key to study these new modes in the context of access and egress trips to and from public transport.This paper presents an extensive systematic literature review of studies that focus specifically on the integration of micromobility and public transport systems and is, to the knowledge of the authors, the first review focusing on this specific aspect of micromobility. This paper offers an understanding of how this topic has been studied to date, which factors and aspects have been considered and analysed, which causalities have been identified in the research, in addition to identifying gaps in the literature and providing guidance for future research on this topic. Furthermore, this paper provides a comprehensive collection and critical discussion of suggestions and recommendations included in the literature which are analysed in this study, aimed at improving and further promoting the effective integration of micromobility and public transport services.

Transportation Transformation: Is Micromobility Making a Macro Impact on Sustainability?

The transportation landscape is ever-evolving in the face of new technologies, including the emergence of micromobility—a new classification given to lightweight human-powered or electric vehicles operated at low speeds. This article focuses on the role of these new modes in the efforts to cultivate a more sustainable transportation system by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, providing a reliable and equitable transportation service, and enhancing the human experience. Existing literature on sustainable transportation systems is used to build a three-goal framework, which is then used to assess the extent to which micromobility contributes to a sustainable urban transportation system. Next, we identify and discuss policies that can help micromobility achieve better sustainability outcomes. This review of the nascent literature shows that the sustainability impacts of these modes are at present mixed and are likely to remain so without more targeted interventions by local stakeholders. Yet, the operations and use of micromobility systems are quickly evolving and hold promise for contributing to a more sustainable transportation system.

Assessing the Serviceability Status of Existing Transport Network by Using Geospatial Techniques in Metropolitan City Lahore


 Reliable and an efficient Public Transport plays key role in establishing sustainable Urban Transport system and healthy environment in any city. Public Transport equity in terms of easy access for the commuters is very crucial. With the drastic increase in population and cities extent in developing countries like Pakistan, the travel demand is recklessly increasing which urge to provide efficient public transit which may cater the ever increasing transport demand. Lahore being the provincial capital of Punjab and the second most densely populated city of Pakistan, has a remarkably large transportation network. The case study presented an advanced approach to determine the population with walking access to transit stop of Lahore Public Transport network, by using Geographical Information System (GIS). This approach is quite efficient, reliable and helpful to investigate the effectiveness of transit network, user's access to transit stops and spatial gaps in the transit facilities. GIS-based network service area analysis has been utilized to find the transit stop service area of the existing public transport network in metropolitan city Lahore. To find the transit stop service area, suitable walking time of 8 min or threshold distance of 624 m with walking speed of 78 m/min has been used as a standard. Transit stop service area has been used to find the population with walking access to a transit stop. The results reveal that only 40% of the total population was in suitable walking distance, which shows that less serviceability is due to the improper spatial distribution of existing transit stops across the transit route. The results also identify the population which is not in suitable walking distance to transit service. This study concludes that Geospatial Techniques are significant in assessment of the effectiveness and subsequently measuring the gaps in the existing transport network. Thus, on the basis of these results sustainable solution would be presented to enhance the efficacy of the integrated public transport.
 

Survey of E-scooter users in Vienna: Who they are and how they ride

In many cities around the world, electric (e-)scooters have emerged as a new means of transportation. They are often advertised as supporting modal shift towards more sustainable transportation and as a tool for enabling more equity in mobility. However, the environmental impact depends on how they are used and what kinds of trips they replace. Integration of e-scooters into urban transport systems also implicates discussions on fair road space allocation. In our study, we assess the socio-economic profiles and usage patterns of e-scooter users in Vienna, Austria. We differentiate between two basic groups of e-scooter users (renters and owners) and apply two different methods. Firstly, based on an online survey, we examine the age, gender and education of e-scooter users and we look into which kinds of trips (commuting, shopping or leisure) and which other means of transportation are replaced by e-scooter trips. Secondly, we analyse data from field observations at cycle paths in Vienna in order to determine the share of e-scooter riders and their gender distribution. We find that e-scooter users are more likely to be young, male, highly educated and residents of Vienna. According to the survey, there are considerable differences in usage between owners of private scooters and users of sharing schemes. Whereas in both groups, e-scooter trips mostly replace walking and public transport as a mode, e-scooter owners also show a considerable mode-shift from private car trips. These results implicate that e-scooter riders are additional users of cycling infrastructure. This puts further pressure on the current allocation of road space, which provides little space for active modes of transport. We conclude that city policies should address this competitive relationship adequately by allocating more space to safe and convenient cycling infrastructure and traffic-calmed zones. This could not only help ease the current challenges due to e-scooters but also provide better conditions for walking and cycling and thereby at the same time contribute to a more sustainable and equitable urban transport system.

BESLEYİCİ OTOBÜS ROTALARININ ÖN PLANLAMASI İÇİN İKİ DÜZEYLİ BİR ALGORİTMA ÖNERİSİ

A sustainable urban transportation system uses different classes of transportation modes whose services should be well integrated. The Feeder Bus Route Network Problem (FBRNDP) is an important part of this integration. FBRNDP primarily deals with the provision of access to an existing mainline movement through feeder transit system usually to expand it’s the service coverage. The multiple traveling salesman problem (MTSP) has similar properties with FBRNDP, thus, making the formulation of MTSP to be adoptable for feeder bus routes. In this study, a bi-level heuristic algorithm is developed to solve this problem by clustering demand nodes around nearest destination and using genetic algorithm (GA) based on fixed start MTSP to optimize the shortest distance the salesmen will have to travel to cover the service area. The algorithm compares well to the results of a case study found in literature and shows a promising way of designing feeder bus routes strictly based on the shortest distance and variation of the number of routes required. The proposed method can be useful in the initial planning of an integrated transit system and it may serve as a seed solution in a multi-objective optimization.

Citywide Traffic Analysis Based on the Combination of Visual and Analytic Approaches

A method for citywide traffic analysis is introduced based on the combination of visual and analytical approaches. Large volumes of GPS data collected from urban vehicles are utilized. In the method, a traffic condition map is constructed, composed of five different layers featuring traffic conditions, road linkage, travel patterns, congestion zones, and traffic flows, respectively. Based on the map, specific transport situations surrounding the congested areas are examined and ways of reducing congestion are suggested. The method is evaluated in the aggregated metropolitan area of Athens and Piraeus in Greece, and the potential and the effectiveness of this technique in analysing traffic are demonstrated. With more and more urban vehicles being equipped with GPS devices, the method can be easily transferable to other regions, paving the way for the adoption of the approach for an up-to-date, spatial-temporal sensitive, visual and analytic method for traffic monitoring that supports the establishment of a more sustainable urban transportation system.

Engineering Analysis of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems at Corridor III Karachi.

A sustainable urban transport system has become a unified part of development in any country. Public adequacy of sustainable transport measures is a challenge for developing cities such as Karachi, where mobility to all income groups of the society needs to be ensured without affecting Travel Time, Cost, and Environmental stability. A process of stratified sampling and detailed survey has been carried out to examine public attitudes towards transit system execution using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) tool, which enables to assess relevant performance parameters according to the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system implementation and judge public opinion to shift from private vehicle to BRT. This paper investigates a comprehensive analysis of Public Perception regarding to the prospects of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system at Corridor III Karachi.

Analyzing Service Quality of Pedestrian Sidewalks under Mixed Traffic Condition Considering Latent Variables

Abstract Development of a sustainable urban transportation system undoubtedly depends to a large extent on the road users' perception being inclined toward the consideration of walking as the main ...

Sustainability of Informal Shuttle Transport in the City of Harare

This study sought to investigate the sustainability of informal shuttle transport in the city of Harare. Traditionally, the provision of public transport is considered to be government's responsibility. Due to lack of economic growth, rapid rise in urban population, and declining standards of living, government-provided public transport is often inadequate; it is the privately operated public transport modes that cater to the mobility needs of the population. Informal shuttle transport refers to small illegal vehicles that play part of taxes ferrying passengers within the city. These small vehicles do not follow most road traffic regulations but are always there when city people need transport and are a faster mode of urban transport. This informal shuttle passenger transport sector, however, is not sufficiently acknowledged due to a number of reasons including lack of proper passenger transport regulation, lack of road safety, highly polluting and a cause of traffic congestion. This paper unpacks challenges posed with informal public transport particularly those providing shuttle services within the central business district (CBD) of Harare. The paper then examines and recommends various strategies that can make such operators contribute to achieving sustainable urban transport system. Data was collected through unstructured interviews from key stakeholders in both private and public sector basically examining the relationship between the increase in informal shuttle transport and transport sustainability. Stakeholders agreed on the need to improve transport in Harare and proffered solutions which included mass transit, crafting of a policy framework to formalise informal shuttle transport operators, need for infrastructure improvements, institutional capacity and good governance among others. Key words : informal shuttle transport, congestion, sustainability, central business district, Harare, economic growth DOI: 10.7176/JESD/11-8-14 Publication date: April 30 th 2020

The Concept of a Sustainable Urban Transport System Model for Developing Countries on the Example of Lagos

Abstract The subject of the article is the concept of a sustainable urban transport system model for developing countries on the example of Lagos in Nigeria. The city of Lagos is the largest and most populated city in Africa. Nowadays, the state of Lagos is facing many challenges, and the problem of urban transport is becoming more and more important due to the increase in the number of inhabitants and the size of the city. Significant problems were identified in the urban transport system in the Lagos state, and conceptual solutions were proposed taking into account the approach of sustainable development.

Environmental Effects of Electromobility in a Sustainable Urban Public Transport

This article has taken up an issue concerning the influence of the implementation of electromobility assumptions on reduction of air pollution in cities in terms of sustainable urban transport systems. The essential nature of the subject is confirmed by the following figures: transport is responsible for almost 25% of greenhouse gas emissions in Europe and is the main cause of air pollution in cities, almost 90% of city dwellers in the EU are exposed to levels of air pollutants deemed harmful by the WHO, and approximately 95% of vehicles on European roads still use fossil fuels. Therefore, the implemented transport policy, both in the international and domestic aspect of particular countries, is facing the need to significantly reduce the negative influence of transport on people and the environment. Electromobility has become one of the concepts that makes it possible to achieve this goal. Its main objective is to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the environment by deploying electric vehicles (EVs). Research conducted by the authors showed that public transport, apart from the obvious effect of decreased number of private vehicles and decreased congestion, can contribute to reduced air pollutant emissions and become a significant driver for the implementation of electromobility in cities. However, the achievement of this goal depends on taking appropriate actions not only in the transport branch but also in other sectors of economy. The following research methods were applied in the article: literature analysis, documentary method, case study, and mathematical methods. The research area was the city of Szczecin, Poland.

The Motives Behind Transport Mode Choice: a Study with University Students in Brazil

Abstract We analyze the main reasons for the transport mode choice (private vehicle, public transportation, bicycle, walking, and others) among university students in Campinas. Analyses are based on primary data collected from 1,179 students through online and personal interviews in the second semester of 2014. Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Cluster Analysis are jointly used to identify common choice groups. Public transport prevails among low-income users, and the main motive for their choice is the lack of alternatives. Students who can afford higher costs tend to prefer a private vehicle, which is seen as being safer and more comfortable. In turn, the adoption of an active mode of transport remains mainly restricted to a small group of users with positive attitudes towards health and the environment. The study finally discusses the implications of structural constraints, such as infra-structure and public safety, on public policies aimed at a sustainable urban transport system.

Reliability as index of formation of sustainable urban passenger transport system, exemplified by cities in Russian Federation

This paper reviews issues relevant to evaluating the stability of a transport network, based on determining the reliability of urban public transport routes, as exemplified by various cities in the Russian Federation. One of the main goals was the examination of urban passenger transport system stability indices that had not been applied in the Russian practice. These indices are unique in that the initial information may be gained automatically, on the basis of the modern vehicle stock equipment (GLONASS/GPS). Through practical application, we have obtained the range of values for the time and buffer indices on the basis of route networks’ data of two different cities in the Russian Federation.

Proposing Major BRT Routes for Rajshahi City Towards Increasing Public Transport Demand and Alleviation of Congestion Level to Achieve A Sustainable Urban Public Transport System

Rajshahi is the fourth largest city of Bangladesh having a population of around 8 lakhs with a high urbanization rate of 32.93%. The transportation system of Rajshahi is comprising of motorized transport (bus, mini-bus, truck, car, auto-rickshaw, auto-tempo, motorcycle, etc.) and nonmotorized transports (viz. rickshaw, rickshaw van, bicycle, pushcart, etc.). The rapidly increasing population along with the diversified land-use patterns generating considerable transport demands on the transportation system and the higher number of transport vehicles causes numerous problems in the city such as traffic congestion, road accidents, less effective and inefficient traffic movement, inadequate traffic management, environmental pollution, sound pollution and so on. The number of private vehicles is increasing day by day because there is no public transport system with an effective public transport network within the city. As a result, major shares of the roads are occupied by the small vehicles make complexities for efficient traffic movement. According to a recent analysis of RCC (Rajshahi City Corporation) the annual average growth rate of these traffics is motorized (8.50%), auto-rickshaw (12.30%), motorcycle (12.60%), truck (5.30%) and car (5.70%). So, the upcoming future of the transport sector in Rajshahi city is going to face an uncertain challenge through the increasing population and rapidly growing motorized traffics which will affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the transport systems. In view of the worsening traffic congestion and deterioration inaccessibility, level of service, safety, and operational efficiency, it is time to introduce the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). In this paper, an attempt has been made to provide an overview of the public transportation system of Rajshahi city and five major BRT routes have been proposed for ever-increasing public transport demand towards alleviation of congestion level and achieving a sustainable urban public transport system.

Sustainable and Smart Urban Transport Systems: Sensing and Computing Technologies, Intelligent Vehicular Networks, and Data-driven Automated Decision-Making

Sustainable and Smart Urban Transport Systems: Sensing and Computing Technologies, Intelligent Vehicular Networks, and Data-driven Automated Decision-Making

Sustainable and green transportation for better quality of life case study greater Cairo – Egypt

ABSTRACT Transportation is a process that moves people from one place to another. It is an essential issue in our lives and people cannot live without it. Transport provides access for people from their home to their work, education, health services, shops, and other services. Transportation system in developing countries is suffering from many problems such as: traffic congestion, lack of reliable and safe public transportation, road accidents, and difficulties for non-motorized transport. Transportation sector is the highest sector responsible for negative environmental impacts in the cities. It is responsible for high air and noise pollution and generating greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation master plans are essential, they are not less important than urban master plans and many cities lack the preparation of these plans. Establishing a sustainable and green urban transport system with an integrated approach to policymakers and decision-makers is essential. This system will change the direction of urban transport and mobility toward a more sustainable and green future by providing and developing affordable, economically viable, people-oriented and environment-friendly transport systems. This research studies the current situation and problems facing the transportation system in developing countries in general and in Egypt specifically. It also presents the Egyptian Government intervention in solving mobility and transportation problems. Finally, the research examines the strategies and methods that transportation professionals must use to address sustainable and green transportation.

Primena GIS-a u planovima održive urbane mobilnosti

The goal of implementing the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) is to create a sustainable urban transport system and in this regard, it is necessary to stimulate the users to non-motorized, sustainable, transport modes. There are a number of measures that need to be implemented to achieve the planned improvements. One of the basic features of SUMP implementation is a participatory approach, which means involving all stakeholders, from citizens to decision makers, from the beginning to the end of the planning process. In this way, the public expresses an opinion, which will be considered when implementing of the plan starts. GIS is one of the modern tools that enables more active public participation in the implementation of SUMP. The "pilot" version of the Web-GIS application has been developed through which the public can participate in the implementation of SUMP. It is an interactive uMap, which is supported by an open street map, and which every user can access with a modern device (mobile phone, computer or tablet) and thus express their ideas and visions in order to improve the urban environment.

Spatial equity of excess commuting by transit in Seoul

ABSTRACTExcess commuting refers to wasteful journey-to-work travel, resulting from the non-optimal spatial configuration of residences and workplaces. Traditionally, this concept has been employed to analyse the efficiency of the urban structure. This paper, however, examines the spatial equity of excess commuting, which is an essential component of a sustainable urban transport system. The Gini coefficient and GIS mapping are used to measure this spatial equity, supported by data from Seoul’s Tmoney transit card system. Results show the vulnerable regions in terms of horizontal equity of excess commuting in Seoul. Transit supply and jobs-housing balance are identified as the core factors affecting excess commuting in relation to spatial disparities. However, an evaluation of Seoul’s ambitious plan of light-rail construction is considered to be not very helpful in mitigating the current spatial inequality of excess commuting in the city.