Suppressive Agents Research Articles

Menstrual Suppression in the Myelosuppressed: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Adolescent and young adult female patients receiving myelosuppressive cancer treatments are at risk of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). The frequency with which patients with cancer receive menstrual suppression and the agents used have not previously been well-characterized. We studied the rate of menstrual suppression, the effect of suppression on bleeding and blood product utilization, and if there were practice pattern differences between adult and pediatric oncologists. We established a retrospective cohort of 90 females with a diagnosis of Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 25), AML (n = 46), or sarcoma (n = 19) and treated with chemotherapy between 2008 and 2019 at our institutions (University of Alabama at Birmingham [UAB] adult oncology: UAB hospital; UAB pediatric oncology: Children's of Alabama). Data were abstracted from the medical record including sociodemographics, primary oncologist specialty (pediatric v adult), cancer details (diagnosis and treatment) and gynecologic course (documented gynecologic history, menstrual suppression agents used, reported AUB outcomes, and treatments). The majority of patients (77.8%) received menstrual suppression. Compared with nonsuppressed patients, suppressed patients had similar rates of packed red blood cell transfusions but higher number of platelet transfusions. Adult oncologists were more likely to document a gynecologic history, consult gynecology, and list AUB as a problem. Among suppressed patients, there was heterogeneity in the agents used for menstrual suppression, with a predilection toward progesterone-only agents; a low rate of thrombotic events was observed. Menstrual suppression was common in our cohort with variability in agents used. Pediatric and adult oncologists demonstrated different practice patterns.

Effect of Seasonal Variation on the Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil of <i>Aframomum Latifolium </i>(K. Schum) Obtained from Southwest Nigeria

This study was aimed at investigating effect of seasonal variation on yield and chemical composition of leaf essential oil of <i>Aframomum Latifolium</i> over a period of twelve months. Fresh leaves of this plant were subjected to hydrodistillation every month for a period of twelve months using an all glass Clevenger apparatus. The volatile oil obtained each month was analyzed by means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The percentage oil yield ranged between 0.03 – 0.15 % v/w for the twelve treatments. Twenty compounds were identified in the volatile leaf oil obtained over a period of twelve months and oxygenated monoterpene was the most dominant constituent. Cajeputol, an oxygenated monoterpene has the highest percentage in the twelve treatments (39.40 – 45.61%). The effect of seasonal variation was established in the yield of the volatile oil in this study as the maximum yield (0.11%) (v/w) was recorded in November. There is a sudden disappearance of limonene in august and September and a rise in the level of cajeputol between august and November. The volatile oils obtained were rich in cajeputol (45.61%) and α-pinene (20.97%) and these compounds had been documented to be a cough suppressant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents.

Subclinical atherosclerosis in Behcet's disease and its inverse relation to azathioprine use: an updated meta-analysis.

To evaluate the intima media thickness of carotid arteries (IMT) and its clinical, laboratory and treatment correlates in Behcet's disease (BD). Systematic search of EMBASE and PubMed databases from January 2016 to October 2022; we employed random effect meta-analyses for continuous outcomes and Peto's odds ratio for rare events. The meta-analysis included 36 case control studies: the IMT was greater in BD (n = 1103) than in controls (n = 832) (p < 0.0001) with wide heterogeneity (I2 = 86.9%); a sensitivity analysis that included mean age of BD participants, gender, disease duration and activity, atherogenic index of plasma, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, ethnicity, smoking status, anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive agents, revealed that male gender, mean age of participants and azathioprine use (the latter two in inverse fashion) partly explained the heterogeneity variance (p = 0.02, p = 0.005, and p = 0.01). The IMT was greater in vascular (n = 114) than in non-vascular BD (n = 214) (p = 0.006). BD patients (n = 782) had a greater pooled prevalence of carotid plaques than controls (n = 537) (13.1% vs. 2.97%, p < 0.0001). Subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis represents a vascular feature of BD, independently of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The inverse correlations between IMT, age and azathioprine use suggest that thicker carotid arteries at disease onset eventually regress with immune suppressive treatment: this assumption needs verification on adequately designed clinical trials.

The suppression performance of fluorinated cooling agents on the Lithium-ion Batteries fire based on the Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC)

Lithium-ion Batteries (LIB) fire has attracted a wide attention since it threatens the application limitation of LIB. The combustible gases are producted during the LIB thermal runaway. When the immersion cooling technology is used for LIB thermal management, the mixiture of combustible gases and fluorinated cooling agents in a confined space could result in a big explosion due to the LIB thermal runaway. With an aim to have a deep understanding regarding the influence of fluorinated immersion cooling agents on the fire suppression performance, a series of tests were conducted to obtain the profile of critical temperature and pressure based on the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). Duing the tests, the cylindrical 18,650 LIB is heated under insulated environment firstly. Then several typical fluorinated cooling agents are selected to clarify the fire suppression performance of LIB thermal runaway. The results and discussion indicate that the utilization of HT (hexafluoropropene trimer) agent has a peak pressure 0.6 Mpa and a peak temperature 823 ℃ during LIB thermal runaway. The suppression results varying seven typical fluorinated cooling agents are discussed. BTP (2-BroMo-3,3,3-triflouro propene) shows an obvious suppression effect because it results in a low pressure ratio.The suppression mechnasim of agents on the LIB thermal runaway is discussed and presented. It could provide a insight into the development of new fluorinated agents for suppression.

Antiapoptotic and anticoagulant effects of camel milk and camel urine in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity

ABSTRACT Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used chemotherapeutic and immune suppressant agent. Hepatotoxicity is a common side effect of chronic MTX therapy. This study investigated the hepatoprotective properties of camel milk (CM) and camel urine (CU) in hepatotoxicity induced by intraperitoneal injection of MTX 20 mg/kg. The MTX-intoxicated animals showed elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, fasting blood glucose (FBG), liver DNA fragmentation marker (DFF-40), and serum and liver cytokeratin (CK-18), decreased serum proteins, albumin, fibrinogen, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Decreased antithrombin (AT) was associated with prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Treatment with CM and CU for four weeks decreased the liver enzymes, FBG, DFF-40, and CK-18 levels and increased total proteins, albumin, fibrinogen, and TAC. However, the changes in AT, PT, and APTT persisted. CM and CU showed promising abilities to counteract MTX hepatotoxicity and they exerted cytoprotective, antiapoptotic, antioxidative, antihyperglycemic, and antithrombotic effects.

Dual suppression of follicle activation pathways completely prevents the cyclophosphamide-induced loss of ovarian reserve.

Dual suppression of follicle activation pathways completely prevents the cyclophosphamide-induced loss of ovarian reserve.

877 EZH2 Inhibition Decreases SMARCB1 and NF2 Mutant Meningioma Cell Viability

INTRODUCTION: The majority of sporadic and familial forms of meningiomas bear mutations in NF2. A subset of NF2 mutant meningiomas are co-mutant for SMARCB1, which encodes the SWI/SNF complex core subunit BAF47, grow in the midline/parafalcine region, and confer risk for atypia. SMARCB1/NF2 meningiomas and WHO Grade II NF2 meningiomas have demonstrated PRC2/EZH2 hyperactivity by ChIPseq analysis, providing a rationale for EZH2 inhibition for these aggressive tumors. METHODS: Pharmacologic growth inhibition experiments were conducted in a SMARCB1/NF2 co-mutant meningioma cell line (BEN-MEN-1), an NF2 mutant/SMARCB1 wildtype meningioma cell line (MN1-LF), and a control wildtype arachnoid cell line (A2). Tazemetostat was administered in triplicate at 9 dosages (ranging from 1.5 uM to 10 mM) over 14 days. Cell viability was calculated via luminescent-based assay and normalized to DMSO-treated cells. RESULTS: After 14 days of tazemetostat treatment, SMARCB1/NF2 mutant cells showed a significantly decreased viability compared to control arachnoid cells (26.87% viability for SMARCB1 mutant vs 87.80% viability for arachnoid cells; p = 0.0047). NF2 mutant meningioma cells also had significantly decreased viability (48.84% vs 87.80%, p = 0.0102). The calculated IC50 for tazemetostat is 3.098 mM for SMARCB1/NF2 mutant cells, 6.263 mM for NF2 mutant cells, and was estimated to be 43.98 mM in control arachnoid cells using nonlinear regression. CONCLUSIONS: Tazemetostat decreases viability for both SMARCB1/NF2 and NF2 mutant meningioma cells. This represents a novel pharmacologic target for the majority of meningiomas, and may obviate the need for repeat surgery for recurrent tumors or serve as a suppressant agent for patients with neurofibromatosis type II.

Recent advances in agroecological research for increasing scope of areawide pest management of arthropods in cropping systems.

We propose that a growing research base considering pest management as an ecosystem service can be leveraged to expand areawide pest management (AWPM) to an agroecological-oriented framework when addressing pest arthropods in cropping systems. This AWPM framework centers on the innate capacity of the agroecosystem to suppress pests and is supported with strategic insertion of AWPM tactics. Recent studies on agroecological pest management are valuable to identify AWPM candidates. The estimation and predictability of AWPM outcomes may be improved by measuring effects of interactions of pest and pest suppression agents, and mediating factors such as landscape and weather. This knowledge helps formulate selection and strategic insertion of AWPM tactics into the system to support innate pest suppression. Advances in biotechnology and agricultural engineering have increased effectiveness of AWPM tactics, further improving positive AWPM outcomes. Furthermore, multifunctional agricultural, environmental, and economic benefits may be seen when adopting this framework.

Triamterene Functions as an Effective Nonsense Suppression Agent for MPS I-H (Hurler Syndrome).

Mucopolysaccharidosis I-Hurler (MPS I-H) is caused by the loss of α-L-iduronidase, a lysosomal enzyme that degrades glycosaminoglycans. Current therapies cannot treat many MPS I-H manifestations. In this study, triamterene, an FDA-approved, antihypertensive diuretic, was found to suppress translation termination at a nonsense mutation associated with MPS I-H. Triamterene rescued enough α-L-iduronidase function to normalize glycosaminoglycan storage in cell and animal models. This new function of triamterene operates through premature termination codon (PTC) dependent mechanisms that are unaffected by epithelial sodium channel activity, the target of triamterene's diuretic function. Triamterene represents a potential non-invasive treatment for MPS I-H patients carrying a PTC.

External physical field‐driven nanocatalytic cancer therapy

AbstractRecently, variable nanocatalysts have provided novel, highly selective, minimally invasive strategies driven by external physical fields for cancer therapy. In the catalytic reaction, less toxic or nontoxic substances can be in situ converted into toxic agents for cancer suppression. In this review, we systematically summarize the catalytic cancer therapy based on different types of external physical fields, including light, ultrasound, electricity, temperature, X‐ray, magnetic field, and microwave. The properties, mechanisms, and advantages of the corresponding external physical fields in cancer therapy are also introduced. Importantly, considering the rapid development of catalytic nanomedicine, the research progress of catalytic cancer therapy driven by external physical fields is discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges and outlooks that catalytic cancer therapy faced are also outlined. We believe that the emerging external physical fields‐driven nanocatalytic cancer therapy will provide a new avenue for cancer treatment.

Perioperative Interventions to Prevent Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Marginal Ulcers After Bariatric Surgery - an International Experts' Survey.

This study aimed to survey international experts in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) to improve and consolidate perioperative interventions to prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and marginal ulcers (MU) after MBS. Very important long-term complications after MBS include GERD, Barrett's esophagus, and MU. Prevention might be fundamental to reduce the incidence, severe complications, and the increasing number of revisional bariatric surgeries. An international scientific team designed an online confidential questionnaire with 45 multiple-choice questions. The survey was sent to 110 invited experts and 96 of them (from 41 different countries) participated from 21 July 2022 to 4 September 2022. Most experts (≥ 90%) prescribe postoperative acid suppression agents after MBS. Life-long proton pump inhibitors prophylaxis in smokers with avoidance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended by most of the experts (66%, 73%) after any type of gastric bypass. Two-thirds of experts (69%) perform Helicobacter pylori eradication prior to MBS. Two-thirds of experts (68%) routinely perform EGD and biopsy before MBS. Follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and timing threshold for revisional and conversional MBS were variable among experts. This expert survey underlines important perioperative interventions that reached a two-thirds consensus among MBS international experts. Variability in follow-up EGD, approach to complication management, and thresholds for revisional and conversional MBS emphasize the need for further researches and consensus guidelines.

Gaseous mediators (H2S, NO and CO) a new approach in gastrointestinal protection

Gastrointestinal damage is generated by a wide range of harmful agents, and is the result of the activation of inflammatory, oxidant and cytotoxic mechanisms, that together overwhelm the “mucosa defense” of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is currently known that the mechanisms by which gastric damage is generated are slightly different from those that generate intestinal damage. The treatments available on the market such as citoprotectors, the use of selective Ciclooxigenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors, the co-prescription of acid suppressive agents and the use of prostaglandin analogues are mainly focused on the mechanisms of gastric damage, and their use has begun to be limited due to its adverse effects at intestinal and cardiovascular level. Due to its multifactorial origin, the prevention and treatment of GI damage requires effective therapies that can protect both gastric and intestinal level modulating more than one mechanism. Recently, has been reported the contribution of gaseous mediators nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) in many physiological processes in the gastrointestinal tract, including the maintenance of GI mucosal barrier integrity. Experimental evidence has shown promising results regarding the gastric safety of these gasotransmitters, especially those coupled to NSAIDs. This review will try to give a general overview of the mechanisms of gastric and intestinal damage, their main differences, the existing therapies for their treatment and the information available on gas transmitters with a brief description of roles of each of these gaseous molecules.

Suppress that algae: Mitigating the effects of harmful algal blooms through preemptive detection &amp;amp; suppression

Recently, Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), e.g., toxic red tide and blue-green algae, have suffocated and plagued coastlines and inland water bodies leading to economic losses. Currently, batch data collection in many areas is inadequate and reactionary following regional fish kills. Therefore, there is an inherent need for a “smart” solution aimed at preemptive detection and mitigation of the impending super bloom through combination of concurrent measurements, modeling, and mitigation using suppression agents. Our hypothesis is if a Seek and Destroy Algal Mitigation System (SDAMS) is engineered with a multitude of capabilities, including remote algal parameter sensing, wireless data transmission, and mitigation using suppression agents, then it will preemptively detect and mitigate HABs. The SDAMS includes (i) a floatation device with a Wi-Fi microcontroller and five sensors for concurrent measurements, (ii) real-time data transmission to the cloud, (iii) data visualization; diagnostic and predictive analysis, and (iv) an algae suppression component. During laboratory testing, physical and chemical agents used for mitigation noticeably suppressed the algae in various ways. Algal suppression occurred by either reducing pH, increasing Dissolved Oxygen (DO), or exerting high mechanical properties. We conducted predictive analytics to quantify the influence of the suppression agent on algae and compared the green spectrum strength (indicating algal intensity) to the DO concentration. Using machine learning, a 4th order polynomial equation with 94% accuracy provided the best curve-fit to explain the green spectrum-to-DO relationship. This cost-effective solution can be applied to instantaneously suppress, or preemptively mitigate, HABs to minimize environmental impacts.

Identification of resistant sources and evaluation of biocontrol agents for suppression of banded leaf and sheath blight in little millet (Panicum sumatrense)

Identification of resistant sources and evaluation of biocontrol agents for suppression of banded leaf and sheath blight in little millet (Panicum sumatrense)

Antidyslipidemic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Dyslipidemia in Male Albino Rats

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a drug with a wide spectrum of clinical uses. It is commonly used as anticancer and immuno suppressant agent. It induces hyperlipidemia and myocardium damage. 5-FU is widely used in the treatment of a range of cancers. 5-FU in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents improves response rates and survival in breast and head and neck cancers. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the antidyslipidemic effect of 5-fluorouracil against dyslipidemia induced by cyclophosphamide in male albinorats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight male adult rats were grouped randomly into four groups (n=5 for each group). Group II cyclophosphamide (CPA): Cyclophosphamide at a dose of 10 mg/kg day by day through i.p. to rats for 14 days. Group III Fluorouracil (5-FU): 5-Fluorouracil at a dose of 10 mg/kg day by day in saline was given through i.p. to rats for 14 days. Group IV (CPA+5-FU): Rats were given CPA followed by 5-FU at a dose of 10 mg/kg per day (day by day) through i.p. to rats for 14 days. At the end of the experimental period, rats were anesthetized using light ether. Blood samples were taken and prepared for biochemical measurements. Results: Intraperitoneal administration of CPA or 5-FU resulted in a significant increase in the levels of serum lipids. The cholesterol, Triglyceride, and LDL levels in serum of CPA or 5-FU treated rats were significantly increased when compared to controls. When CPA was administered followed by 5-FU prevented the increase in serum lipid levels highlighting its hypolipidemic role as antagonism. Also, a marked decrease in HDL cholesterol was noted in CPA treated rats. These changes produced by CPA to serum levels of HDL were normalized when 5-FU is given to the treated rats compared to CPA administered rats. Conclusion: It could be concluded that treatment of rats with CPA induced dyslipidemia. However, 5-FU and CPA combination could produce a significant amelioration in the dyslipidemic changes, and it may be considered as a potentially useful candidate in the combination chemotherapy with CPA to prevent dyslipidemia. Future work should consider combined chemotherapy regimens, as two or more mechanisms of action of chemotherapeutic drugs could be more powerful than one mechanism.

The phenolic profile and biological activities of common Scorzonera species from Eastern Anatolia

The present study focused on chemical composition and base therapeutic potential of common Scorzonera species (Scorzonera mollis, Scorzonera papposa, and Scorzonera semicana), which have been utilized as food and medicine by local people of Eastern Anatolia for a long time. Comparative analytical studies were performed on ethanol-based extracts and traditional preparations (infusions) through chromatographic (HPLC-MS/MS) and reagent-based antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory assays. Results revelated that extracts were rich in phenolics, particularly hydroxycinnamic acids that were confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS, chlorogenic acids and luteolin are the major phytochemical compounds of extracts. With regards to biological activities findings, it was determined that ethanol-based extracts showed better antioxidant activities and effectively suppressed the activities of α-glucosidase. In addition, both of the extracts were found as strong suppressive agents of pancreatic lipase activity so Scorzonera species were rich sources of bioactive compounds that able to deactivate reactive oxygen species and free radicals and as well as suppress the activities of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. Finally, obtained findings reveal base data of Scorzonera species for researches that focused on novel candidates of nutraceuticals and biotherapeutics.

Study on dust pollution law and chemical dust suppression technology of non hard pavement in urban construction sites

Dust pollution has been a serious problem for the construction industry. Wind currents inevitably kick up dust on the ground during construction. Dust will not only affect the physical and mental health of construction workers, but also pollute the environment. In this paper, the law of dust generation and diffusion in typical construction sites is simulated and analyzed. According to the simulation, the wind flow lasts for 5s–10s, and the dust concentration in the air reaches more than 50 mg/m3 in the daily environment. In order to control dust pollution, a kind of "green environmental protection" dust suppressor suitable for construction site was developed by using grafting polymerization technology in molecular modification technology. By means of performance characterization, the synthetic ingredients of dust suppressor were determined as 2.5g sodium alginate, 5g acrylamide, 0.15 g N,N ′-methylene bisacrylamide, and the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate to acrylamide was 3%. The optimum temperature for synthesis of dust suppressor was 60 °C. The synthesized dust suppressor can still retain more than 80% moisture after 90min of oven drying at 45 °C, which indicates that the water retention is good. Under the ambient wind speed of 12 m/s, the wind erosion resistance rate is above 99%, which indicates that it has fine anti-wind erosion performance. According to the results of dust suppression experiment, the synthesized dust suppression agent can control the dust in the construction site well.

Phosphorilated Polyprenols as Universal Agents of Viral Reproduction Suppression

This review is focused on polyprenyl phosphatis (PPFs) (phosphorilated polyprenols), a unique class of natural compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activity. The main emphasis is put on their antiviral properties that were studied in numerous in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results formed the basis for the development of new drugs containing PPFs as the active substance. These drugs, due to their high efficiency and harmlessness, are widely used in veterinary practice in the treatment of viral diseases of both small domestic and agricultural animals. Also, the world’s first PPF-based drug is registered in Russia, and it can be used as part of a comprehensive therapy of chronic recurrent genital infection caused by the herpes simplex virus.

Self-assembled double core-shell structured zeolitic imidazole framework-8 as an effective flame retardant and smoke suppression agent for thermoplastic polyurethane

The addition of traditional flame retardant additives can usually significantly reduce the flammability of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) but has a limited contribution to suppressing smoke release during combustion. To overcome this obstacle, a double core-shell structured zeolite imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) in combination with negatively charged phytic acid and positively charged hyperbranched polysiloxane (NH2-HBPSi) was layer-by-layer self-assembled through the electrostatic method. The decorated NH2-HBPSi layer effectively improved the interfacial compatibility between the fillers and the TPU matrix. The peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), total smoke production (TSP), and total CO production (TCOP) of the TPU composite containing 2.0 wt% ZIF-8@PA@NH2-HBPSi were reduced by 35.2%, 25.2%, 65.5%, and 52.8%, respectively, as compared to those of pure TPU. The distinguished fire resistance and smoke suppression were ascribed to the flame retardant effects of Zn, N, P, and Si elements in the ZIF-8@PA@NH2-HBPSi hybrid. In addition, the TPU/ZIF-8@PA@NH2-HBPSi composite maintained a high elongation at break of 2178.2% and tensile strength of 46.87 MPa due to the steric effect of NH2-HBPSi. This work presents a feasible strategy for the design and development of flame retardant fillers to improve fire resistance and inhibit smoke emission while maintaining the high ductility of TPU.

Antidyslipidemic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil against Cyclophosphamide induced Dyslipidemia y in Male Albino Rats

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a drug with a wide spectrum of clinical uses. It is commonly used as anticancer and immuno suppressant agent. It induces hyperlipidemia and myocardium damage. 5-FU is widely used in the treatment of a range of cancers. 5-FU in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents improves response rates and survival in breast and head and neck cancers. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the antidyslipidemic effect of 5-fluorouracil against dyslipidemia induced by cyclophosphamide in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight male adult rats were grouped randomly into four groups (n=5 for each group). Group II cyclophosphamide (CPA): Cyclophosphamide at a dose of 10 mg/kg day by day through i.p. to rats for 14 days. Group III Fluorouracil (5-FU): 5-Fluorouracil at a dose of 10 mg/kg day by day in saline was given through i.p. to rats for 14 days. Group IV (CPA+5-FU): Rats were given CPA followed by 5-FU at a dose of 10 mg/kg per day (day by day) through i.p. to rats for 14 days. At the end of the experimental period, rats were anesthetized using light ether. Blood samples were taken and prepared for biochemical measurements. Results: Intraperitoneal administration of CPA or 5-FU resulted in a significant increase in the levels of serum lipids. The cholesterol, Triglyceride, and LDL levels in serum of CPA or 5-FU treated rats were significantly increased when compared to controls. When CPA was administered followed by 5-FU prevented the increase in serum lipid levels highlighting its hypolipidemic role as antagonism. Also, a marked decrease in HDL cholesterol was noted in CPA treated rats. These changes produced by CPA to serum levels of HDL were normalized when 5-FU is given to the treated rats compared to CPA administered rats. Conclusion: It could be concluded that treatment of rats with CPA induced dyslipidemia. However, 5-FU and CPA combination could produce a significant amelioration in the dyslipidemic changes, and it may be considered as a potentially useful candidate in the combination chemotherapy with CPA to prevent dyslipidemia. Future work should consider combined chemotherapy regimens, as two or more mechanisms of action of chemotherapeutic drugs could be more powerful than one mechanism