Abstract
ABSTRACT Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used chemotherapeutic and immune suppressant agent. Hepatotoxicity is a common side effect of chronic MTX therapy. This study investigated the hepatoprotective properties of camel milk (CM) and camel urine (CU) in hepatotoxicity induced by intraperitoneal injection of MTX 20 mg/kg. The MTX-intoxicated animals showed elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, fasting blood glucose (FBG), liver DNA fragmentation marker (DFF-40), and serum and liver cytokeratin (CK-18), decreased serum proteins, albumin, fibrinogen, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Decreased antithrombin (AT) was associated with prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Treatment with CM and CU for four weeks decreased the liver enzymes, FBG, DFF-40, and CK-18 levels and increased total proteins, albumin, fibrinogen, and TAC. However, the changes in AT, PT, and APTT persisted. CM and CU showed promising abilities to counteract MTX hepatotoxicity and they exerted cytoprotective, antiapoptotic, antioxidative, antihyperglycemic, and antithrombotic effects.
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