The suppression performance of fluorinated cooling agents on the Lithium-ion Batteries fire based on the Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC)

Abstract

Lithium-ion Batteries (LIB) fire has attracted a wide attention since it threatens the application limitation of LIB. The combustible gases are producted during the LIB thermal runaway. When the immersion cooling technology is used for LIB thermal management, the mixiture of combustible gases and fluorinated cooling agents in a confined space could result in a big explosion due to the LIB thermal runaway. With an aim to have a deep understanding regarding the influence of fluorinated immersion cooling agents on the fire suppression performance, a series of tests were conducted to obtain the profile of critical temperature and pressure based on the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). Duing the tests, the cylindrical 18,650 LIB is heated under insulated environment firstly. Then several typical fluorinated cooling agents are selected to clarify the fire suppression performance of LIB thermal runaway. The results and discussion indicate that the utilization of HT (hexafluoropropene trimer) agent has a peak pressure 0.6 Mpa and a peak temperature 823 ℃ during LIB thermal runaway. The suppression results varying seven typical fluorinated cooling agents are discussed. BTP (2-BroMo-3,3,3-triflouro propene) shows an obvious suppression effect because it results in a low pressure ratio.The suppression mechnasim of agents on the LIB thermal runaway is discussed and presented. It could provide a insight into the development of new fluorinated agents for suppression.