Support For Scientific Research Research Articles

844. High Risk Behaviors, Suboptimal HIV Viral Suppression, and Limited PrEP Use among People Who Engage in Transactional Sex

Abstract Background In the United States, high rates of HIV transmission persist, particularly due to sexual transmission in marginalized populations. Transactional sex (TS) is a known risk factor for HIV transmission, yet risk behaviors and engagement in HIV treatment and prevention among those who have TS are poorly understood. Methods GRAVITY is cross-sectional investigation of people living with HIV (PLWH) or HCV in Washington, DC and Baltimore, MD. Epidemiologic survey data were collected at a single timepoint. Patients who endorsed previous year sex in exchange for drugs, money, or shelter were considered positive for TS. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis. Results Of 500 participants, 81(16%) endorsed TS, the majority of whom were HIV+ (51, 63%) and used drugs daily or more (57,70%; see Table 1). PLWH with TS were more likely to be Black (44, 86%, p= 0.05) and Trans female (17, 33%, p<0.01) than HIV- participants with TS. In the TS cohort, PLWH were more likely to engage in anal sex (38, 75%, p< 0.01), have sex weekly or more (46, 90%; p< 0.01), have sex with more than 2 partners (27, 77%, p=0.03), and have a history of syphilis (14, 27% p= 0.04) compared to HIV- participants. Only 21% and 35% of PLWH and 17% and 22% of HIV- always used condoms in vaginal sex and anal sex, respectively (p >0.05). Though 41 (80%) PLWH took ART, only 19 (41%) reported viral suppression. Of HIV- participants, 59% had interest in starting Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), but few had been offered (3,10%), or ever taken PrEP (2,7%). Table 1: Participant Characteristics and Associations with Transactional Sex and HIV Status Conclusion In this cohort of people with TS, there were high rates of HIV and racial, sexual, and gender minorities. Notably, PLWH had higher rates of frequent sex, multiple partners, and anal sex, as well as suboptimal viral suppression and condom use during anal sex. As such, PLWH +TS may be a consequential part of HIV transmission networks. While those without HIV also had frequent sex and suboptimal condom use, PrEP experience was limited. As the majority had interest in PrEP, targeted strategies to initiate and maintain PrEP in people with TS may be critical in preventing HIV acquisition. Interventions to identify TS, address high-risk behaviors, achieve and maintain viral suppression amongst +TS PLWH, and connect +TS HIV- individuals to PrEP are key to a comprehensive strategy to end the HIV epidemic. Disclosures Sarah Kattakuzhy, MD, Gilead Sciences (Scientific Research Study Investigator, Research Grant or Support) Elana S. Rosenthal, MD, Gilead Sciences (Research Grant or Support)Merck (Research Grant or Support)

907. The HCV Care Continuum Among Hospitalized Persons Who Inject Opiates: Missed Opportunities for Screening and Referral to Treatment

Abstract Background Despite an effective cure, hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major public health problem for persons who inject opiates. Hospitalization provides an opportunity to identify chronic HCV infection and provide referral and linkage to outpatient care upon discharge. We examined the HCV care continuum among hospitalized persons who inject drugs and have opiate use disorder (OUD). Methods The CHOICE Study is a retrospective chart review of adults hospitalized with infectious complications of OUD and injection drug use at four academic medical centers (University of Maryland, George Washington University, University of Alabama, and Emory University). The sample included patients hospitalized between 1/1/2018-12/31/2018, had ICD9/10 diagnosis codes consistent with OUD and acute bacterial/fungal infection, and chart review verification of active infection associated with OUD. Data on HCV antibody (Ab) and RNA testing and referral to HCV treatment within the medical system were abstracted from medical records. Results Of 287 patients, median age was 40 (IQR: 32-52), 59% were male, and 63% were white and 34% black. Overall, 38% (n=108) had known HCV infection at hospitalization; of those with unknown status, only 41% (n=73) were screened for HCV. Among those, 67% were HCV Ab+. Of patients who were HCV Ab+ or had known HCV infection (n=157), only 52% were tested for HCV RNA, of whom 61% had detectable RNA. Only 40% of those with detectable RNA received a treatment referral prior to discharge (Fig. 1). The length of stay of the admission was not associated with treatment referral, but a shorter length of stay was significantly associated with not being screened for HCV Ab or RNA tested (p< 0.05). Of five patients who were referred to care within the medical system, four initiated HCV treatment, and two achieved known sustained viral response. Figure 1. HCV Continuum of care for hospitalized patients who inject drugs with opioid use disorder (OUD) at four academic medical centers in the United States, January 2018-December 2018 Conclusion Hospitalization is a missed opportunity for HCV screening and linkage. Despite opportunities to address HCV infection among this highly impacted population, there were sizeable gaps in the HCV continuum of care among hospitalized persons who inject opiates. Structural reasons such as length of stay may be a factor in implementing HCV testing. Disclosures Sarah Kattakuzhy, MD, Gilead Sciences (Scientific Research Study Investigator, Research Grant or Support) Ellen Eaton, MD , Gilead (Grant/Research Support) Ellen Eaton, MD , Gilead (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support Greer A. Burkholder, MD, MSPH, Eli Lilly (Grant/Research Support) Elana S. Rosenthal, MD, Gilead Sciences (Research Grant or Support)Merck (Research Grant or Support)

805. Outbreak of Ralstonia pickettii Bacteremia Caused by Contaminated Hydromorphone in a Universitary Hospital in Bogota, Colombia

Background Ralstonia pickettii are aerobic non fermenter gram negative bacilli isolated in water and soil. It is related to nosocomial infection outbreaks and considered an opportunistic pathogen. There have been outbreaks reports due to contaminated water systems and sterile drug solutions which mainly occurs during manufacturing. We present the report of an outbreak of R. pickettii bacteremia secondary to a contamination of hydromorphone vials.MethodsIn February 2021 an outbreak of R. pickettii bacteremia was identified. All isolates were from blood cultures with slow growth, thus indicating the culturing of liquid inputs, intravenous administration solutions and commonly used drugs among patients including hydromorphone. Mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) was used for the identification and automated microdilution to determine sensitivity to antimicrobials of the isolates and clonality analysis of genetic relationships was carried out using the DICE coefficient, UPGMA algorithm ResultsDuring the outbreak, 19 patients with R. pickettii bacteremia were identified The global attack rate was 1,9%. 11/19 (58%) were women and 13/19 (68%) of the isolations were from inward patients and 6/19 (32%) were from intensive care unit. Factors that could contribute to the appearance of the outbreak were underlying pathology, 2 patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, 10 patients with a diagnosis of arterial hypertension, 5 patients with obesity, 6 patients with heart disease, additionally 7 patients with a diagnosis of SARS COV 2 and 6 patients with the use of corticosteroids. The global attack rate was 1,9% and mortality was 31.5% (6 patients). R. pickettii was identified from two batches of hydromorphone by MALDI-TOF and the clonality study concluded that the isolates analyzed, were clonal with a 100% similarity. The associated mortality rate was 5/29 (26.3%). ConclusionWe confirmed an outbreak of R. pickettii due to the contamination of two hydromorphone badges in Colombia. It is crucial to acknowledge the importance of infection control and surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as maintaining adequate quality control of medication production in order to avoid presenting this kind of outbreaks. Disclosures Sandra Liliana. Valderrama-Beltrán, MD, MSc, Biotoscana (Speaker’s Bureau)MSD (Grant/Research Support, Scientific Research Study Investigator, Research Grant or Support, Speaker’s Bureau)Pfiezer (Speaker’s Bureau)

What Should Polar Medicine Do?

This paper introduces the definition of polar medicine and its development history and status at home and abroad. In view of the current predicament of polar medicine, it is believed that it is of high important and urgent practical significance to strengthen the discipline construction and scientific research of polar medicine, formulate medical service standards and provide systematic medical support for polar scientific research, including systematic training of polar doctors.

Bioinformatics on the Road: Taking Training to Students and Researchers Beyond State Capitals

In Brazil, training capable bioinformaticians is done, mostly, in graduate programs, sometimes with experiences during the undergraduate period. However, this formation tends to be inefficient in attracting students to the area and mainly in attracting professionals to support research projects in research groups. To solve these issues, participation in short courses is important for training students and professionals in the usage of tools for specific areas that use bioinformatics, as well as in ways to develop solutions tailored to the local needs of academic institutions or research groups. In this aim, the project “Bioinformática na Estrada” (Bioinformatics on the Road) proposed improving bioinformaticians’ skills in undergraduate and graduate courses, primarily in the countryside of the State of Pará, in the Amazon region of Brazil. The project scope is practical courses focused on the areas of interest of the place where the courses are occurring to train and encourage students and researchers to work in this field, reducing the existing gap due to the lack of qualified bioinformatics professionals. Theoretical and practical workshops took place, such as Introduction to Bioinformatics, Computer Science Basics, Applications of Computational Intelligence applied to Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Computational Tools for Bioinformatics, Soil Genomics and Research Perspectives and Horizons in the Amazon Region. In the end, 444 undergraduate and graduate students from higher education institutions in the state of Pará and other Brazilian states attended the events of the Bioinformatics on the Road project.

Conditions for Developing and Supporting Public Sector Innovation in the Face of Economic Turbulence in Europe

Purpose: The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the impact of innovative processes in the public sector on socio-economic development in the face of economic instability in Europe, and to evaluate the government support for innovative activities in various conditions of the public finance sector in selected countries. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used the desk research method in the field of statistical resources and the method of comparative analysis. The analysis included the assessment of selected innovation indicators and measures defining commitment in the field of financial support for innovation, which included the scope of government expenditure on R&D in 2010-2019. Findings: The research proves that the mechanisms of generating innovative solutions in the public sector have their own specificity. They are often the result of forced, planned and targeted activities, reflecting the necessity to create conditions for the development support of innovations by public entities. Mainly it takes place through financing R&D in various sectors of the economy. The results of the analysis indicate the significant differences in the scope and directions of government support for activities for the development of innovation in the EU countries. Practical Implications: The proper functioning of the public sector economy requires maintaining mechanisms of constant support for scientific research and development of innovative solutions. The results of the study provide information to be used for activities aimed at improving the implementation of innovative solutions in various public entities and strengthening the diffusion of innovation in the intersectoral dimension. Originality/value: The results contribute to the discussion on the determinants of the application of innovation in the public sector in the organizational, technical, financial and social dimensions. In this approach, innovations are subordinated not so much to the mechanisms of market competition but to the achievement of better results of public services.

Analysis of the Status and Tendency of R&D Input in the Field of Rare Diseases Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Background: Through collection and sorting of rare disease projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, an understanding was gained of the categories of projects funded by the foundation in the field of rare diseases, types of diseases, categories of disease systems, regional distribution, distribution of supporting institutions, and their dynamic changes, followed by an analysis of focuses and influences of relevant state policies. This will help improve the rare disease-relating policies of the state in supporting the key fields, thus promoting healthy and sustainable development in the field of rare diseases.Method: Through the website of inquiry of projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, a retrieval was made concerning the projects funded by the foundation in the field of rare diseases during the period from 1986 to 2019, followed by descriptive analysis of fund input of rare disease projects, number of projects, temporal and regional distribution, and the analysis of the law of their dynamic changes.Result: As of the end of 2019, there were 57 rare diseases and 678 related projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, with accumulated total funding of ¥ 253,525,000. Among the categories of projects, the most-funded projects were general (¥ 150,145,000, 59.22%), followed by Youth Foundation projects (¥ 53,719,000, 21.19%) and key projects (¥ 15,870,000, 6.26%); among the categories of disease systems, the most funded disease system was the nervous system (¥ 93,186,000, 37.76%), followed by the respiratory system (¥ 35,444,000, 13.98%); the most funded diseases were multiple sclerosis (¥ 34,870,000, 13.75%), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (¥ 29,854,000, 11.78%), and retinitis pigmentosa (¥ 27,005,000, 10.65%); the most funded regions were East China (¥ 106,987,000, 42.20%) and North China (¥ 71,844,000, 28.34%), while the least funded region was Northwest China (¥ 7,295,000, 2.88%); among the supporting institutions, the most funded institutions were Peking University (¥ 24,720,000, 9.75%), and Sun Yat-sen University (¥ 14,505,000, 5.72%).Conclusion: With the promulgation of more policies on encouragement of innovation and accelerated approval procedures, etc., the National Natural Science Foundation of China has been increasing its funding to rare diseases, covering increasingly more categories of funded projects, more types of diseases, and wider regions. Nonetheless, the support for scientific research in China is still relatively weak. Therefore, it is proposed that the healthy and sustainable development in the course of rare diseases should be promoted through the improvement of relevant rare disease policies, encouragement of R&D of medicine for rare diseases, the establishment of special funds for rare diseases, acceleration of fund circulation, and combination of balanced development and preferential funding to key regions and major diseases.

Digitalization as a mainstream in the economic sphere in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic

Problem setting. The introduction of quarantine restrictions during a pandemic led to active use and development of remote technologies, digital transformation, dynamic network medium, open data platforms and other instruments. Mentioned instruments became effective means to promote innovation in all sphere of life of society. Educational institutions, research institutions, companies, organizations, facing new challenges, are trying to be as open to communication, exchange of ideas and developments, be prepared for transformations, socio-economic recovery, improvement of the system of interconnections. All this is possible only by using latest effective digital technologies, increasing the role and weight of electronic communications, virtualization of the process of information support for scientific research and development, attracting network-digital resources to the practical scope of the economy. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Problems and certain issues of digitalization are studied in the scientific works of O. Baranov, O. Dannikov, K. Sichkarenko, A. Zahorodnii, N. Kraus, O. Holoborodko, S. Hlibko, O. Kryvoruchko, V. Kokhan, V. Milash, Ye. Naiman, N. Norits, Yu. Nosenko, V. Panasiuk, Yu. Pasmor, D. Namiot, V. Fishchuk, V. Matiushko Target of research. The purpose of the article is to identify the main world trends of digestion in the COVID-19 pandemic. Article’s main body. The article presents the analysis results of the state of digitalization in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main world trends of this process, which takes place with the involvement of the virtual environment and smart technologies to stimulate the innovative economy, are revealed. It is stated that quarantine restrictions, which affected all spheres of human life on all continents and negatively affected the economies of even developed countries, contributed to the intensification of digital transformation, making it a popular trend (the mainstream) in the economic sphere of development of the modern globalized world. It is concluded that a balanced policy of digitalization, quick adaptation of electronic communications to the tasks of stimulating the economy will significantly affect innovation, business, society. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The researches confirmed that the effect of digitalization will find its manifestation in the digital transformation, diversification of the economy, in formation of a modern business environment, innovative industries, in supporting of open science to overcome the structural weakness of the economy and the development of smart specializations, the development of startups, business incubators, science and technology centers, industrial parks, which are acting as drivers of interactive renewal of socio-economic processes, ensuring the welfare of the population.

A model for the evaluation of groundwater ecological compensation budget

Groundwater, one of the important water resources, plays an important role in maintaining sustainable social and economic development. The ecological compensation of groundwater is a beneficial tool for guaranteeing reasonable exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources. However, there is a lack of associated studies, especially compensation budget. We proposed an integrated groundwater compensation standard model, which consisted of four components: base, stimulus and punishment, research and development, and potential risk. The priority level of compensation was estimated by considering regional climate and economic conditions comprehensively. The model was applied to a total of 11 cities in Shanxi Province to calculate the groundwater ecolo-gical compensation standard. The results showed that the base compensation accounted for the largest proportion in the total compensation, with the non-market value contributing more than 60%. Our results indicated that groundwater had a high regulated service value. From 2008 to 2017, the development coefficient of each city had significantly increased, suggesting the improved regional economic level and enhanced compensation capacity. Compensation priority was affected by the non-market value of groundwater and economic level, and obvious difference in the compensation priority existed in all the cities, implying the requirement for the implement of groundwater ecological compensation. Meanwhile, we suggested that groundwater risk compensation system should be improved, special funds should be set up for supporting research projects on groundwater ecological compensation, and long-term effective compensation mechanisms should be established.

RESEARCH ON SCIENTIFIC SPORTS TRAINING OF STUDENTS MAJORING IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

ABSTRACT Introduction: The organization of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities is an important measure for my country's competitive sports to break the traditional monopoly and monopoly pattern and go to the market and society in an all-around way. It helps to improve the cultural quality of Chinese athletes and cultivate new sports talents for comprehensive development. It can make full use of universities’ multidisciplinary and high-tech advantages, increase the technological content of competitive training, and accelerate the improvement of sports level. Objective: This article intends to take the diving team as an example to explain the role and significance of scientific training in developing competitive sports in my country's ordinary colleges and universities and put forward suggestions for the establishment, organization, and implementation of scientific training. Methods: The scientific research support system used in the thesis includes: physiological and biochemical monitoring, health and sports injury monitoring, nutrition and weight monitoring, psychological consultation and monitoring, technical training support system, training quality management system, physical training support system, and athlete training database. Results: The in-depth research on diving training focuses on: (1) the detection and evaluation of diving technique training; (2) the training of divers’ specific strength qualities; (3) the monitoring of nutrition and weight of female athletes; (4) Pre-match psychological training for outstanding diving athletes. Conclusions: The diving team's training shows that scientific and systematic training is an important guarantee for high-level student-athletes training in ordinary universities in my country. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

The COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in Brazil-A Case Study.

Brazil is among the countries which have faced two devastating infection waves of COVID-19 in the past year. Despite the fact the country has one of the world's leading immunization programs, Brazil only slowly established a national COVID-19 vaccination strategy and campaign. This case study is based on an integrative review of primary and secondary literature sources. Different search strategies on Medline and Google Scholar were performed for the case presentation, for the management and outcome of the COVID-19 outbreak and for the state of the COVID-19 vaccination program. Official documents from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the website of the World Health Organization and pharmaceutical companies were also reviewed. Searches were limited to English, French, German, Portuguese and Spanish. This article describes the Brazilian COVID-19 vaccination campaign and the drivers and barriers to its implementation; and evaluates further investigations needed to have a conclusive overview over the constantly evolving situation. Healthcare inequalities, which were widened during the pandemic, a lack of coordination at the federal level, the absence of federal government support for scientific research and the lack of endorsement and commitment to the mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic set the country's COVID-19 vaccination campaign off to a challenging start. However, Brazil had a well-developed primary care system and national vaccination program prior to the pandemic, which are both important facilitators. At the time of writing, six vaccines are currently available in the country, and the program is advancing. The scientific community needs to continue to investigate the country's vaccination strategy and its implementation to make sure that maximum effort is undertaken for the health of the Brazilian population.

Strategic Vectors of Library Development

Establishing of library development strategy is the most important stage in solving the tasks of adapting to the changing environment and increasing demand of users. The purpose of this study is to determine the vectors of strategic development of libraries (public libraries and libraries of scientific and educational institutions). Basing on the results of the analysis, the author identifies nine essential strategic directions and ten vectors, revealing the prospects for the development of libraries, being not only the information repositories and library and information centres, but also working, creative spaces, communication platforms, places for renting equipment, startup sites, etc. The article presents the specific features of public libraries, which are close interaction with the local community, promotion of intercultural and intergenerational dialogue, as well as socialization of the population. Strategies of libraries of scientific and educational institutions much attention pay to the integration of librarians in the research process, creation of analytical products, development of services for scientometric analysis and information support for open scientific research. Libraries strive to serve readers and visitors with the use of modern information technologies, organize spatial environment that ensure comfortable stay, provide resources and services that meet the changing preferences of users, which allows creating positive image of the library and attracting readers.

San Antonio Nathan Shock Center: your one-stop shop for aging research.

With evolving cores, enrichment and training programs, and supported research projects, the San Antonio (SA) Nathan Shock Center has for 26years provided critical support to investigators locally, nationally, and abroad. With its existing and growing intellectual capital, the SA Nathan Shock Center provides to local and external investigators an enhanced platform to conduct horizontally integrated (lifespan, healthspan, pathology, pharmacology) transformative research in the biology of aging, and serves as a springboard for advanced educational and training activities in aging research. The SA Nathan Shock Center consists of six cores: Administrative/Program Enrichment Core, Research Development Core, Aging Animal Models and Longevity Assessment Core, Pathology Core, Analytical Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation Core, and Integrated Physiology of Aging Core. The overarching goal of the SA Nathan Shock Center is to advance knowledge in the basic biology of aging and to identify molecular and cellular mechanisms that will facilitate the development of pharmacologic interventions and other strategies to extend healthy lifespan. In pursuit of this goal, we provide an innovative "one-stop shop" venue to accelerate transformative research in the biology of aging through our integrated research cores. Moreover, we aim to foster and promote career development of early-stage investigators in aging biology through our research development programs, to serve as a resource and partner to investigators from other Shock Centers, and to disseminate scientific knowledge and enhanced awareness about aging research. Overall, the SA Nathan Shock Center aims to be a leader in research that advances our understanding of the biology of aging and development of approaches to improve longevity and healthy aging.

Legal Basis of State Support for Creating Innovative Medicinal Products

The study is focused on the legal regulation of state support for the creation of innovative medicinal products. Establishment of the measures of state support for scientific research for creating innovative medicinal products within legislative acts and by-laws should help to increase the competitiveness of the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine. The government declares the provision of support for scientific research in the field of creating innovative medicinal products. The legislation establishes the conditions for registering an innovative project, provides the maintenance of the Register of scientific institutions that received the state support. A detailed characteristic of the existing means of the state support for scientific research in the pharmaceutical industry is provided. The state supports innovations by establishing tax incentives for research institutions and providing funding for some innovative projects. Support for innovations is carried out by the State Innovative Financial and Credit Institution, the National Research Fund of Ukraine and the Innovation Development Fund. Funding for the creation of innovative medicinal products can be realized through public and private partnership. The scholars have declared their propositions regarding the introduction of specific measures of the state support for innovations in the field of creating new medicinal products. It has been offered to amend the current legislation on the issues of state funding of scientific research in the sphere of developing new medicinal products. It is necessary to delineate the competence of various funds for promoting innovations in relation to supporting innovations in the field of pharmacia. It is important that the law should provide the procedure and conditions for supporting public and private partnership projects at the expenses of funds for promoting innovations.

AMFormulaS: an intelligent retrieval system for traditional Chinese medicine formulas

BackgroundFormula is an important means of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat diseases and has great research significance. There are many formula databases, but accessing rich information efficiently is difficult due to the small-scale data and lack of intelligent search engine.MethodsWe selected 38,000 formulas from a semi-structured database, and then segmented text, extracted information, and standardized terms. After that, we constructed a structured formula database based on ontology and an intelligent retrieval engine by calculating the weight of decoction pieces of formulas.ResultsThe intelligent retrieval system named AMFormulaS (means Ancient and Modern Formula system) was constructed based on the structured database, ontology, and intelligent retrieval engine, so the retrieval and statistical analysis of formulas and decoction pieces were realized.ConclusionsAMFormulaS is a large-scale intelligent retrieval system which includes a mass of formula data, efficient information extraction system and search engine. AMFormulaS could provide users with efficient retrieval and comprehensive data support. At the same time, the statistical analysis of the system can enlighten scientific research ideas and support patent review as well as new drug research and development.

Information support of scientific research: Legal aspect

The article deals with the concept of “information” and its interpretation by both scholars and the Law of Ukraine “On Information”. The main directions of the state information policy are indicated. The main types of information are outlined. The author emphasizes the need to expand the direction of ensuring the development of information activities, without limiting this direction to the technical component of scientific activity. The importance of information support in conducting scientific research is indicated. The importance of information for the life of mankind is emphasized. It is indicated that scientific and technical information covers the results obtained in the process of scientific and research, research and development, design and technological, production and public activities, recorded in a form that ensures their reproduction, use and dissemination. It is stressed the need to expand the direction of information development, not limiting this area only by technical component of scientific activity and ignoring the humanitarian direction, because the information concerning scientific activity in general, including in the humanities, in the sphere of social sciences and in other scientific spheres is left out of consideration. It is noted that the main base of the scientific and technical information is formed with information resources, which are a systematic collection of scientific and technical literature and documents (books, brochures, periodicals, patent and design documentation, industrial catalogues, deposited manuscripts, scientific and research reports) fixed on papers or other storages. The main types of information activities and areas of information are given. The importance of information support in conducting scientific research is indicated and the search for the necessary information is of great significance for the effective conduct of scientific research, as the researcher spends about 50% of his time on the process of finding information. The importance of the information for humanity is highlighted.

تقييم خدمات مؤسسة کروسريف CROSSREF من خلال موقعها Evaluation of CROSSREF Foundation Services Through its Website

الملخص: تعد مؤسسة کروسريف Crossref من أهم وکالات تسجيل المعرف الرقمي للکيانات DOI في العالم، والذي أصبح ضروري للوصول إلى المحتوى العلمي المتاح على الانترنت؛ لذلک فإن هذا البحث يسعى لتقييم وتحليل خدمات مؤسسة کروسريف Crossref من خلال موقعها، وبيان أهمية الخدمات التي يقدمها الموقع للناشر والباحث، وذلک باستخدام المنهج الوصفي. وتوصل البحث إلى أن مؤسسة کروسريف Crossref مؤسسة غير ربحية، ويلزم الاشتراک بها للاستفادة من خدماتها مهمتها خدم الوسط العلمي وتحسين عملية الاتصال العلمي، ونشأت عام 2000م کأحد مؤسسات تسجيل المعرف الرقمي للکيانات، وخدمات المؤسسة تتخطى الحواجز اللغوية والمکانية، کما أن المؤسسة تقدم ثماني (8) خدمات متخصصة مثل خدمة تسجيل المحتوى، حيث إنها الخدمة التي من خلالها يتم تحديد DOI للمحتوى، ويعد الاشتراک بهذه المؤسسة مهم جدا للناشر؛ فهي تساعد الناشر على جعل المحتوى العلمي الخاص به متاح عالميا، وتساعد الناشر أيضا على ربط محتواه العلمي مع الناشرين الأخرين دون الحاجة إلى اتفاقيات ثنائية ، وتوفر خدمات تساعد المحررين في عملهم مثل خدمة فحص التشابه مما يجعل الناشر على ثقة تامة بالإنتاج الذي ينشره، کما أنها وسيلة لصغار الناشرين لعرض المحتوى العلمي الخاص بهم وتعريف العالم بما ينشرون، وتوفير مقاييس بديلة للأبحاث ومقاييس تقليدية مثل عدد الاستشهادات ليعرف الناشر مدى اهتمام الوسط العلمي بما ينشره. وهي مهمة للباحث أيضا وتقدم له خدمات منها الاستفادة من خدمة البحث في قاعدة بيانات المؤسسة لمعرفة أحدث الأبحاث والوصول إلى المقالات من خلال رابط ثابت وهو DOI. والتعرف على بيانات الممولين من خلال خدمة سجل الممولين؛ وبالتالي التعرف على الجهات التي يمکن أن تمول بحثه. کما يعد اشتراک الناشرين في هذه المؤسسة بمثابة دعم للباحث والبحث العلمي. وتعد خدمة ربط المراجع من الخدمات المميزة التي يشترک بها الناشر، ولکنها مهمة جدا للباحث حيث تعرفه بالمواد التي لها صلة بالموضوع الذي يبحث عنه. Abstract: Crossref is one of the world's leading DOI registration agencies, which has become essential for accessing online scientific content; This research therefore aims to assess and analyze Crossref's services through its website, and to demonstrate the importance of the site's services to the publisher and researcher by using the descriptive method. This paper found that Crossref Foundation is a non-profit organization, and it is required to subscribe to benefit from its services. Its mission is to serve the scientific community and improve the process of scientific communication. It was established in 2000 as one of the institutions for registering the Digital Object Identifier Crossref's services bypass linguistic and spatial barriers, it has (8) specialized services, such as a Content Registration service, that provided by the Foundation, through which DOI sets content, and participation in this institution is very important to the publisher; They help the publisher to make its scientific content globally available, and they also help the publisher to link its scientific content with other publishers without the need for bilateral agreements. it provides services that help editors in their work, such as the Similarity Check service, which makes the publisher fully confident in the production he publishes, as well as a way for small publishers to display their scientific content and introduce the world to what they publish, and provide alternative standards for research and traditional measures such as the number of citations so that the publisher knows the extent of interest in the scientific community With what he publishes It is also important for the researcher and provides him with services, including taking advantage of the search service in the institution’s database to find out the latest research and access to articles through a constant link, which is a DOI. Knowing the taxpayers' data through the Funder Registry service; Thus, to identify the parties that can finance his research. The participation of publishers in this institution is also a support for researchers and scientific research. The reference linking service is one of the distinctive services that the publisher subscribes to, but it is very important for the researcher as it introduces him to the materials that are relevant to the topic he is searching for.

Green technology innovation efficiency of energy-intensive industries in China from the perspective of shared resources: Dynamic change and improvement path

Energy-intensive industries are high-energy-consumption and high-pollution industries, and their green technology innovation efficiency deserves in-depth investigation. This paper explores the efficiency of green technology innovation and its combinatorial improvement path in energy-intensive industries from 2005-2015 with a two-stage data envelopment analysis model based on shared and additional input resources and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The results indicate that (1) the overall efficiency of green technology innovation in energy-intensive industries as a whole showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2005 to 2015, benefiting from the improvement of technology R&D efficiency and achievement conversion efficiency; (2) there is high industry heterogeneity in the green technology innovation capacity of energy-intensive industries, and the difference in the average efficiency in green technology innovation between the industries with the strongest innovation strength and that with the weakest is as high as 0.615; (3) small-scale enterprises’ strategies should be based on foreign scientific research support or environmental regulations, supplemented by a small amount of industry-university-research cooperation. Large-scale enterprises’ strategies should be based on foreign scientific research support and industry-university-research cooperation, supplemented by appropriate environmental regulations and government investment. This study provides a reference for the formulation of green technology innovation development strategies for energy-intensive industries.

Scientific and Medical Research Support can Increase Export Earnings from Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Scientific and Medical Research Support can Increase Export Earnings from Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

A multisystem perspective on immigrant children and youth risk and resilience: A commentary.

New Directions for Child and Adolescent DevelopmentVolume 2021, Issue 177 p. 219-227 COMMENTARY A multisystem perspective on immigrant children and youth risk and resilience: A commentary Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, Corresponding Author Frosso Motti-Stefanidi frmotti@psych.uoa.gr Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopoli Zografou, Athens, 15784 Greece Correspondence Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy (office 505), Zografos University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece. Email: frmotti@psych.uoa.grSearch for more papers by this author Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, Corresponding Author Frosso Motti-Stefanidi frmotti@psych.uoa.gr Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopoli Zografou, Athens, 15784 Greece Correspondence Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy (office 505), Zografos University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece. Email: frmotti@psych.uoa.grSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 July 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20428Citations: 1 Funding information: Work on the present commentary was supported by a research grant to the author funded by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI). The grant supports research projects of Faculty members and Researchers working in Greek Universities and Research Centers. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume2021, Issue177Special Issue: The Impact of Migration on Child and Adolescent Development: The Role of Socialization Experiences in Family and SchoolMay 2021Pages 219-227 RelatedInformation