Aid Support Research Articles

Evaluation of Knowledge Levels of Sports Science Students on First Aid and Basic Life Support

The study was conducted to reveal the knowledge university students studying sports sciences about first aid and basic life support (CPR). A total of with a mean age of 21.15±2.12 years who reached 803 university students. Data were collected using a questionnaire which consisted of a total of 36 questions under three parts. The questionnaire was prepared based on the 2015 guidelines of the American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council. It was found that 75,6 % of the university students had low level of first aid knowledge, and 99,7 % had low level of basic life support knowledge 83,3% of the university students received first aid training before, and 40 % reported that they received the training two years ago. One significant finding is that the first aid (25,82±14,26) and CPR (45,23±22,88) scores of the university students who considered themselves competent in applying first aid were found to be lower than the others(p<0,05). The first aid knowledge level (56,40±21,12) of those who received applied first aid and CPR training was higher than those who received only theoretical (53,13±21,65) training (p<0,05). The students of the Coaching Education Department gave the highest number of correct answers to the First Aid and CPR questions. Almost all university students (88,4%) stated they wanted to receive first aid and CPR training. Our findings revealed that 90,4% of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching students wanted to receive training, which shows that the students in the teaching programs are more sensitive about first aid and CPR. It was found that the first aid and CPR knowledge level of the university students studying sports sciences were low and, they were aware of this situation. Having received first aid training within the last year and both theoretical and practical training positively affected the level of knowledge.

The failing firm defence during and post-COVID-19: policy and the evidence required

Governments in developed countries have responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with an almost unprecedented level of government support, thereby preserving many firms and jobs. However, this government support will be progressively withdrawn, and coupled with recent, and expected further, increases in interest rates and the market impacts associated with changes in consumers’ and firms’ behaviour, there is likely to be restructuring in many sectors. This raises the public policy question as to the appropriate balance between government support facilitating and ameliorating this restructuring and the role played by merger control, including how the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath affects the application of the so-called ‘failing’ or ‘exiting’ firm defence or scenario under UK and EU merger control. To consider these questions, this article: addresses the policy considerations underpinning the failing firm defence under UK and EU merger control; describes the extensive government support and State aid provided in the UK in response to COVID-19 and the impact of COVID-19 on various sectors; and provides an overview of the evidence required for the ‘failing firm defence’, given these policy and factual considerations.

Effects of special educational needs and socioeconomic status on academic achievement. Separate or confounded?

Germany is continuously expanding its inclusive education system. Research provides evidence that students with special educational needs (SEN) in inclusive school settings show lower academic achievement and come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds than their peers without SEN. Identifying to what extent the disadvantages originating from both characteristics are confounded in predicting academic achievement, has been neglected in the German educational context. Using data of 1711 primary and secondary school students from a longitudinal study in the state of Brandenburg, this study evaluates to what degree SEN (in the areas of learning and emotional-social difficulties) and socioeconomic background (SES) are confounded in predicting academic initial achievement in reading and mathematics as well as their development over time. Using multilevel modelling techniques that nest three measurement points into students and students into classes, results identify SES and SEN as relevant predictors of achievement status and growth in both subjects. Only few and small mediation effects of SES were found, indicating that both SES and SEN remain independent risk factors for achievement. Understanding the origins of student disadvantage can help teachers to make better informed choices for designing support measures and aid policymakers’ reasoning for resource allocations.

Family support is key to overcome alcohol dependence: A social case study

Alcohol dependence is a complex medical, social, and psychological problem. It affects the family life adversely. However, if family takes the lead role, this problem is easily controlled at home level with medical support. A middle-aged male, the only breadwinner of the family, had alcohol dependence for more than 20 years. With family support, he overcame the dependence. The management of this illness has the greatest role of the family and society in addition to medical. Symptomatic management of alcoholism is only a tiny part of the treatment. Once the patient's symptoms are managed, the arduous journey to prevent relapse banks upon the persons own resolve and the support offered by their family. This is a peculiar case where medical aid and family support are playing an important role in the elimination of alcohol dependence. The family support models will helpful to the primary health-care physician to reduce alcohol dependence.

Attitude Survey of Youth for Mutual Aid Support System for Local Community Using Sensitivity Analysis of Bayesian Network

Attitude Survey of Youth for Mutual Aid Support System for Local Community Using Sensitivity Analysis of Bayesian Network

Evaluation of a digital programme for final year nursing students during COVID-19

AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate a digital programme aimed to address COVID-19 related anxiety of final year undergraduate nursing students on returning to the clinical practice during the pandemic in South Africa. BackgroundIn South Africa, concern about the physical and psychological safety of nursing students resulted in the planning of a psychological first aid program to facilitate nursing students return to clinical practice. DesignA survey was conducted in September 2020 following the August 2020 return of final year nursing students to clinical facilities. MethodsAll final year nursing students were invited to participate in the study (N = 196). An online survey was circulated via WhatsApp asking respondents to rate their anxiety and fear of COVID-19 before and after return to practice following an intervention (eCOVID). Related pair analysis was done on the main outcome measures of anxiety, COVID-19 fears and concerns using Related Samples Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests. ResultsAfter the programme, the respondents reported a significant reduction in anxiety (W = 2.92, p =.004) and COVID fear (W=0.3.1, p =.001), specifically related to infecting family, being exposed to COVID-19 at work, propagating infection at work and lacking access to COVID-19 information and communication. ConclusionThe implementation of a dedicated digital programme, underpinned by a sound theory base of psychological first aid, may have decreased anxiety and fear in nursing students during clinical practice in the pandemic.Contribution: The study contributes to evidence on psychological first aid support of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

(2021) Volume 2, Issue 4 Cultural Implications of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC Authors: Dr. Unsa Jamshed Amar Jahangir Anbrin Khawaja Abstract: This study is an attempt to highlight the cultural implication of CPEC on Pak-China relations, how it will align two nations culturally, and what steps were taken by the governments of two states to bring the people closer.

(2021) Volume 2, Issue 4 Cultural Implications of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC Authors: Dr. Unsa Jamshed Amar Jahangir Anbrin Khawaja Abstract: This study is an attempt to highlight the cultural implication of CPEC on Pak-China relations, how it will align two nations culturally, and what steps were taken by the governments of two states to bring the people closer.

The Prevalence and Determinants of Anaemia among Clients of the AIDS Support Organisation-Entebbe, Uganda

Anaemia, a common hematological disorder in HIV infection, compromises the quality of life and treatment outcomes. At The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO), Entebbe, the records for the 2016-2018 period show a 10% prevalence of anaemia which is lower than that in literature where it is said to be up to 95%. This study determined the prevalence, type, severity, and determinants of anaemia among people living with HIV and AIDS who receive care from TASO Entebbe in Uganda. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 624 TASO clients. A checklist identified the clients’ Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) combination and viral load. The selected clients’ Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated to assess their nutritional status. A Fully Automated Humacount 60TS Three-Part Hematology Analyzer was used to measure hemoglobin and to do a full blood count. A blood film from each sample was manually examined for the type of anaemia. Data analysis was done with Stata MP 15. The prevalence of anaemia was 44.4%, and the anaemia was mostly mild (54.15%) to moderate (40.80%). Anaemia of inflammation was the commonest type (&gt;58%). Gender, viral suppression, nutritional status, nutritional education, marital and economic status were significantly associated with the anaemia. Duration on ART had a protective effect, but this was not statistically significant. The prevalence of anaemia (44.4%) among the TASO-Entebbe Uganda clients was high, but the anaemia was mostly mild to moderate (&gt;94%) and of inflammation type (&gt;58%). Management of anaemia in HIV requires intentional screening since it compromises treatment outcomes.

A neural autonomous robotic manipulator with three degrees of freedom

This study focuses on the development of a robotic arm with three degrees of freedom designed for different applications, especially in industry, where the main contribution is the use of a low-cost robotic arm manipulator, which with the proper adjustments, mainly of speed, aims to add the concept of collaborative robotics in its most advanced versions. This study employs some classical principles of robotics, such as acquisition, image processing, and object manipulation. In this context, artificial neural networks were used for two essential functionalities: camera calibration and inverse kinematics resolution. From the results obtained with the use of the artificial neural networks (ANNs), it was possible to control the trajectory of the servo motors with the aid of software support. Also, by employing ANNs and using computer vision techniques, the robotic manipulator achieves the objectives of manipulating objects in space with a relatively acceptable error rate, considering the low-cost proposal applied. This manipulator, at first, has a didactic purpose, but the concepts and applications can be used in different areas of the industry.

Guest Editorial by Gilles Rodriguez

Abstract It is an honour and a pleasure to wish to all actors of the ASME Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science (Chair, Editors, Authors, Readers, and Reviewers) my New Year's greetings. This 2022 year must be seen towards an exit of the COVID-19 pandemic situation, looking for better perspectives. We must capitalize on the best of this period and on the way out of the health crisis. Even in this extremely difficult context, the links still existed. They were even been strengthened by showing more solidarity, support and mutual aid. We must keep these qualities within our scientific community, because we must now face a new decisive challenge: responding to a very strong increase in carbon-free energy demand. In order to meet this challenge, nuclear energy has a major role to play among all other non-CO2 emitting sources of energy. Its great flexibility and massive production capacity makes it a perfect complement to renewable production systems.

Diet Implications and Oral Health Status of Women in Central Italy.

Objective The relationships between oral health habits, dietary practices, and oral health status, as well as general health status, in the population of Italian women, are complex, with many mutual and interrelating factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate oral habits, oral status, and dietary habits of a sample of women in Italy, highlighting the links between nutrition and oral health and discussing how oral health care professionals can integrate nutrition counseling that aimed at improving the oral health of their patients into their practices. Materials and Methods In the period between February 2020 and July 2020, an anonymous questionnaire made up of 20 questions was administered to a randomized sample of 120 Italian women. Results Most of women declare good manual skills in oral hygiene (50%) but just less than half of them brushes their teeth more than three times a day. Statistically significant correlations were found between frequency of dental checkups and dental mobility ( p = 0.036), and halitosis ( p = 0.006), as well as between frequency of flossing and gum bleeding. Correlation between the type of diet and oral health status showed more halitosis (∼21%), sensitivity (∼26%), and xerostomia (∼53.3%) for vegetarian and vegan women. Conclusion More awareness need to be raised concerning oral hygiene habits, and regarding the importance of regular dental checkups. Brushing at least twice or three times a day needs to be encouraged and the valid support of dental aids has to be in the everyday domestic oral hygiene protocol, as scientific evidence demonstrates. Future clinical studies need to be performed on a more consistent number of vegetarian and vegan patients, to obtain more statistically significant results and support future research that will compare omnivorous, vegetarian, and vegan diets and their influence on oral health status.

The legal regime of competition in India

Abstract The study of the competition legislation in India has as justification the fact that the indian economy has one of the biggest growth rates in the world, India being the biggest democracy in the world. At the beginning, India had its own competition law, called the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1969 (MRTP Act). After the initiation of economic liberalization in 1991, it became imperative to put in place a competition law regime that was more responsive to the economic realities of the nation and in accordance with international practices. In 2002, the Indian Parliament voted for a new law, Competition Act, to regulate business practices in India. The Competition Act has as its goal to regulate three types of conduct (anti-competitive agreements, abuse of a dominant position and combinations). The Competition Act was amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act in 2007 and 2009. The Competition Act has also created a new enforcement body, the Competition Commission of India (CCI), which is responsible for the enforcement of the Competition Act. According to the provisions of the Competition Act, is allowed to make an appeal to the Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) against the decisions of the CCI. A further appeal from the decision of the COMPAT may be submitted before the Supreme Court of India. In the same, the Competition Act is taking into consideration its enforcement with the aid of mutual international support and enforcement networks across the world.

Public support for climate adaptation aid and migrants: a conjoint experiment in Japan

We examine public support in Japan for overseas climate adaptation assistance via foreign aid and accepting immigrants. Using a survey-embedded conjoint experiment (N = 2815), we focus on seven attributes of an adaptation policy package: (a) the continent in which the country is located; (b) the types of extreme weather event this country faces; (c) the volume of climate aid; (d) the number of climate migrants (e) Japanese exports; (f) Japanese imports, (g) the country’s record of voting with Japan in the United Nations. We find that while respondents are indifferent to aid volume, their support diminishes as the number of migrants increases. Moreover, support is higher for Asian countries, that provide export markets, vote with Japan, and where the effects of climate change are gradual. Importantly, we find that public support is not influenced by benchmarking of Japan’s or peer G7 countries’ past aid or immigration levels.

Perceived stress, quality of life, and coping skills among patients with schizophrenia in symptomatic remission

BackgroundSchizophrenia is one of the worst diseases with its ubiquitous challenges due to its unique psychopathology and life events. Patients with schizophrenia use various coping strategies to overcome distress. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between perceived stress, quality of life, and coping skills in patients with schizophrenia in remission. A total of 48 consecutive patients of schizophrenia, in remission, attending outpatient department of psychiatry at Academic hospital, South India, who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the present study. The participants were assessed on Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale, Ways of Coping Checklist – Revised and Perceived Stress Scale and WHO Quality of Life. Results were analyzed using appropriate statistical package software v 16.0.ResultHighest medial was found in self-controlling and positive reappraisal coping skills. Distancing is associated with high physical domain of quality of life whereas patients with good social support score more in social and physical domain of quality of life.ConclusionPatients with history of schizophrenia even though in remission dwell a stressful life. They often need different kind of social support or cognitive aids. In that view, studying their stress level, ability to cope with it, and quality of life will help us to manage them in better way.

Implementation of multimarker augmented reality on solar system simulations

The solar system is one of the natural phenomena taught at school. However, delivering the material is still text-based. One of the current technology-based learning uses technology Augmented Reality as a support for learning aid. Augmented Reality is an integrated two worlds, the real and the virtual. Augmented Reality for the solar system learning application was developed by applying the concept of the Rule-Based System algorithm as a simple artificial intelligence that aims to help augmented reality systems in simulating knowledge and experience from humans with several rules prepared. The existence of Augmented Reality facilitates the process of learning on specific topics such as the solar system more attractive and interactive, with aims to inspire students to learn the solar system. Based on the testing results at SDN Purwantoro 2 Malang, Indonesia 95% of respondents are interested and captivated by learning media applications using Augmented Reality technology.

Implementation of multimarker augmented reality on solar system simulations

The solar system is one of the natural phenomena taught at school. However, delivering the material is still text-based. One of the current technology-based learning uses technology Augmented Reality as a support for learning aid. Augmented Reality is an integrated two worlds, the real and the virtual. Augmented Reality for the solar system learning application was developed by applying the concept of the Rule-Based System algorithm as a simple artificial intelligence that aims to help augmented reality systems in simulating knowledge and experience from humans with several rules prepared. The existence of Augmented Reality facilitates the process of learning on specific topics such as the solar system more attractive and interactive, with aims to inspire students to learn the solar system. Based on the testing results at SDN Purwantoro 2 Malang, Indonesia 95% of respondents are interested and captivated by learning media applications using Augmented Reality technology.

United States’ electoral diplomacy in foreign countries under President Barrack Obama: Nigeria’s experience in the 2015 election

ABSTRACT The study analyzes President Obama electoral diplomacy during the 2015 Nigerian election in distinct sense: persuasive appeals, and describes its differential effects on electoral behavior in Nigeria. Obama’s electoral diplomacy had counterintuitive effects – resulted to vote-switching and electoral misconduct. Based on qualitative research methods, the study revealed that the U.S. electoral diplomacy in Nigeria unwittingly undermined electoral credibility, even after effectively influencing peoples’ electoral behavior and choices toward the directions/interests of US foreign policy objectives and priorities in Nigeria. The US should assist Nigeria in achieving the goal of strengthening electoral institutions and frameworks through inter-agency support and electoral aid.

The role of communication technology across the life course: A field guide to social support in East York.

This paper builds on a body of work over the decades that examines how East Yorkers give and receive support. We go beyond the earlier work taking into consideration communication technologies and how they play a role in the ways people exchange social support across the life course. We draw on 101 in-depth interviews conducted in 2013–2014 to shed light on the support networks of a sample of East York residents and discern the role of communication technologies in the exchange of different types of social support across age groups. Our findings show that not much has changed since the 1960s in terms of the social ties that our sample of East Yorkers have, and the types of support mobilized via social networks: companionship, small and large services, emotional aid, and financial support. What has changed is how communication technologies interweave in complex ways with different types of social ties (partners, siblings, friends, etc.) to mobilize social support. We found that communication technologies helped siblings and extended kin to increase the frequency of interaction and help exchange support at a distance. Communication technologies helped solidify friendship ties by providing a continuous flow of interaction. We draw implications for theories of social support and for social policy associated with interventions aimed at helping vulnerable groups cope in hard times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

How Does the Social Support Affect Refugees’ Life Satisfaction in Turkey? Stress as a Mediator, Social Aids and Coronavirus Anxiety as Moderators

The number of refugees has increased exponentially due to international crises, wars, and political pressures in recent years worldwide. Turkey hosts the largest refugee population in the world with 3,672,646 Syrian refugees. This study aimed to examine the relationship among refugees’ stress, life satisfaction, social support, coronavirus anxiety, and social aids they get during the COVID-19 process. We hypothesized that stress, social aids, and coronavirus anxiety could play a role in the relationship between life satisfaction, stress, and social support. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from 628 Syrian refugees via an online questionnaire in Turkey. Confirmatory factor, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. In addition, the moderator and mediator role of variables tested using the 95% bias-corrected confidence interval from 5000 resamples was generated by the bias-corrected bootstrapping method. The study results show that stress partially mediated the relationship between family support and life satisfaction and between friend support and life satisfaction. In addition, coronavirus anxiety had a moderating effect on the relationship between family support and stress and friend support and stress. Finally, social aids moderated the relationship between stress and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the role of social aids, stress, and coronavirus anxiety in the relationship between social support, stress, and life satisfaction has been revealed.

Helping Us or Helping Them? What Makes Foreign Aid Popular with Donor Publics?

We test whether emphasizing foreign aid’s ability to advance donor national interests increases public support for aid. We compare appeals to the national interest with other approaches, including highlighting aid’s ability to help developing countries. Tests involved a nationally representative, randomized survey experiment in which the treatments were vignettes about a major real aid project. Central among our findings were asymmetric treatment effects. It was easier to reduce the view that too much aid is given than to increase the belief that too little is given. Only appeals to the national interest were reliably able to do the latter. The efficacy of the different treatments varied depending on participant ideology, although in unexpected ways.