Spare Parts Supply Research Articles

Factors Affecting Brand Preference of Scooters among Women Consumers in Kathmandu Valley

<p>The trend of using scooters nowadays is a key to support consumer daily movement; the increasing number of sales of scooters shows a good sign for vehicle industry. The main objective of the research is to identify and analyze the factors that leads to brand preference of a scooter and which among them led to purchase of scooters. The findings of the study are based on the primary survey of 200 users of different brands, conducted within Kathmandu Valley. Correlation test is applied to test the relationship between the factors and the customer satisfaction. It is found that majority of the respondents considered comfort, mileage and design as the top three important factors that influence brand preference of scooters. The bottom three factors are colour variety, resale value and size of fuel tank. Factors such as price, mileage, comfort level, colour variety, design, size of fuel tank and spare parts supply have significant role in the brand preference of scooters, which means a favorable change in these factor can lead to brand preference of the customers. Whereas, resale value and durability are factors which have no significant relationship with brand preference of scooters among women consumers. From the result obtained, it is recommended that scooter brands should focus in developing more comfortable scooters because research shows that comfort level is the major factor that affects brand preference of scooter. In a city like Kathmandu valley, customers prefer scooter which has higher mileage potential. Although resale value and durability are the least influencing factors still the scooter brands should not neglect these factors because though not so significant but still few customers would prefer such factors while purchasing a scooter. The scooter brands should also focus of providing excellent reach of spare parts supply as majority of the customers agree that they will not purchase a brand of scooter if its spare parts are not easily available.</p><p>Journal of Business and Social Sciences Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 185-200</p>

A clustering-based repair shop design for repairable spare part supply systems

Abstract In this study, we address the design problem of a single repair shop in a repairable multi-item spare part supply system. We propose a sequential solution heuristic to solve the joint problem of resource pooling, inventory allocation, and capacity level designation of the repair shop with stochastic failure and repair time of repairables. The pooling strategies to obtain repair shop clusters/cells are handled by a K-median algorithm by taking into account the repair time and the holding cost of each repairable spare part. We find that the decomposition of the repair shop in sub-systems by clustering reduces the complexity of the problem and enables the use of queue-theoretical approximations to optimize the inventory and capacity levels. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is analyzed with several numerical experiments. The repair shop designs suggested by the approach provide around 10% and 30% cost reductions on an average when compared to fully flexible and totally dedicated designs, respectively. We also explore the impact of several input parameters and different clustering rules on the performance of the methodology and provide managerial insights.

Assessment of the Potential Economic Impact of the Use of AM Technologies in the Cost Levels of Manufacturing and Stocking of Spare Part Products.

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are appropriate manufacturing technologies to produce low rotation products of high added value. Products in the spare parts business usually have discontinuous demand levels of reduced numbers of parts. Indeed, spare parts inventories handle myriad of products that require big immobilized investments while having an intrinsic risk of no-use (for example due to obsolescence or spoilage). Based on these issues, the present work analyses the fundamental cost factors in a real case study of a company dedicated to the supply of spare parts for fluid conduction systems. Real inventory data is assessed to determine the product taxonomy and its associated costs. A representative product of the stock is analyzed in detail on original manufacturing costs, in AM costs and then redesigned with topological optimization to reduce the AM cost levels (via design for additive manufacturing). A general equation for cost assessment is formulated. Given the specific data collected from the company, the parameters in this general equation are calculated. Finally, the general equation and the product cost reduction achieved are used to explore the potential economic impact of the use of AM technologies in the cost levels of manufacturing and stocking of spare part products.

End-of-life inventory control of aircraft spare parts under performance based logistics

We consider an inventory control problem of aircraft spare parts during the end-of-life (EOL) phase of fleet operations. For these spare parts, demand rates vary with the diminishing number of operational aircraft, as the aircraft retire out of service. As aircraft approach to the EOL phase, managing the spare parts supply chain becomes more challenging and costly. Before entering the EOL period, the aircraft manufacturer typically requires its customers to place final purchase orders for spare parts for the remaining lifetime of the aircraft. For this problem, we present an algorithm that computes the optimal final order size of components under a budget constraint. By modeling the remaining part inventory as a continuous-time Markov chain, we develop analytical solutions using differential equations for single and two-item cases. After observing numerical difficulty for the multi-item case, we employ a simulation-optimization with a gradient search method. The algorithm finds the spares requirement of aircraft components during the EOL period with aircraft availability which serves as a useful performance metric during the spare part supply chain management under a performance-based logistics (PBL) environment.

تقییــم مـراکــز وبـرامــج زراعـــة القــوقعـــة بالمستشفیات الحکومیة من وجهة نظر أولیاء الأمور Evaluation of Centers and Programs of Cochlear Implantation in Government Hospitals: Parents Perceptions

هدفت الدراسة إلى تقييم مراکز وبرامج زراعة القوقعة بالمستشفيات الحکومية من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور بمدينة الرياض، وتکون عينة الدراسة من (82) من أولياء أمور الأطفال زارعي القوقعة، وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي من خلال استخدام استبانة تکونت من جزئيين، الجزء الأول معلومات عامة يحتوي على مجموعة من المتغيرات. والجزء الثاني يحتوي على محورين، المحور الأول واقع الخدمات التي تقدمها مراکز وبرامج زراعة القوقعة، والمحور الثاني معوقات تقديم الخدمات لزارعي القوقعة، وأشارت النتائج إلى أن أکثر الخدمات التي تقدمها مراکز وبرامج زراعة القوقعة وجود تعاون مع الجهات التربوية ذات العلاقة، وتوفير قطع غيار لجهاز القوقعة، کما أن أکثر المعوقات في تقديم الخدمات لزارعي القوقعة عدم اقتناع الأسرة بفاعلية زراعة القوقعة، وتخوف الأسر من عمليات زراعة القوقعة. وأکثر الاختصاصيين تواصلا مع أولياء أمور الأطفال زارعي القوقعة هم أخصائي التخاطب وأخصائي السمعيات، کما أنه لا يوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات أفراد العينة باختلاف جنس ولي الأمر، ودرجة الفقدان السمعي، ووقت الإصابة بالفقدان السمعي، وباختلاف استخدام المعين السمعي بمدة لا تقل عن 3 أشهر للابن قبل زراعة القوقعة، وباختلاف المستوى التعليمي لولي الأمر. وأما متغير عمر الابن أثناء زراعة القوقعة فکان هناک فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات أفراد العينة باختلاف عمر الابن أثناء الزراعة. The study aimed to evaluate the centers and programs of cochlear implantation in government hospitals in Riyadh from parents’ Perceptions. Participants were (82) parents of children with cochlear implant. Descriptive research method was used through a survey that consisted of three parts. First, general information that has a set of variables. The second part consists the reality of the services provided by centers and programs of cochlear implantation, and the barriers of providing services to children with cochlear implant. The results showed that the most of the services that are provided by centers and programs of cochlear implantation were cooperation with the relevant educational organizations, and the provision of spare parts for the cochlear implant. On the other hand, the most common barriers were that parents showed their lack of conviction about the benefits of cochlear implantation, and their fear of cochlear implantation. Speech therapists and audiologists were the most to continue with the parents of the children with cochlear implant. There were no statistically significant differences in the participants' responses according to sex, the degree of hearing loss, the time of hearing loss, the difference in the use of the hearing aids for a period of not less than 3 months before cochlear implantation, or different educational level of the parents. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in the participants' responses according to the age of a child during the cochlear implantation.

Mining Spare Parts Provision by Reliability Analysis, Case Study: Sungun Copper Mine

Summary Maintenance and spare parts support are two basic and critical issues of support to product, because often due to lack of technology and other compelling factors (like economy, environmental situations, etc), in the design phase it is impossible to design a product that will fulfill its function. Therefore, the need for support haw become vital to enhance system effectiveness and prevent unexpected failure. This paper was focused on second issues of support. Thus, for studying of the required spare parts, we analyzed the failure time data for a period of 11 years, which has been obtained from Sungun Copper mine in Iran. The expected number of the required spare tires in one year (three working shifts per day) when , and hours for lower, optimum and upper value are considered to be the real mean time to failure of the tire with a 95 percent confidence of availability are equal to 3.2, 2 and 1.2 respectively. Then, the economic order quantity with respect to annual demand rate is calculated. Introduction Product support falls into two broad categories, namely support to the customer and support to the product. The research presented in this paper is focused on support to the product, which is greatly influenced by the product reliability characteristics. Spare parts organize one of the product support issues that can be divided into two types, namely repairable and non-repairable. In the present research we deal with non-repairable parts. Spare parts provisioning is a complex problem and requires an accurate analysis of all factors that may affect the required number of spare parts. Different reliability based statistical approaches have been developed for spare parts provision. The reliability-based spare parts provision is the most common one. Methodology and Approaches The methodology is based on three main tasks, 1) Definition of boundaries, assumptions, and data collection.2) Identification of analysis approach and estimation of component reliability and failure rate characteristics. 3) Required spare parts calculation and inventory management requirements Results and Conclusions In this paper, a methodology is proposed to consider reliability in the required spare parts tires estimation. The result of analysis for optimum estimation of PLP parameters presented that for a year dump truck need 2 new tires. For inventory management whenever the inventory position reaches 1 units/dump truck, we should order 2 units/dump truck.

Using a systems engineering framework for additive manufacturing

AbstractSystem engineering life cycles can be used by enterprises to make assessments that facilitate the effective insertion of technology into existing practices. The updated systems life cycle processes standard, ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015, is examined to assess additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing. AM's digital nature emerges as a major theme. AM's introduction into the aviation spare part supply chain is also explored using a project crashing illustration. The illustration showed that AM could be leveraged as a project crashing tool. In addition, the use of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 standard revealed network configurations that could be explored to broaden AM's use and obtain additional value, both of which could justify the use of AM. In this study, we suggest the multiple effects of AM on the systems engineering development life cycle.

Управление организацией в эпоху глобальных перемен

In the last 20 years in the Russian society and in the government there are discussions on the need to "get off the oil needle." The situation in the Russian economy dictates measures to further diversify exports, based on the export of "high technology". This article describes the history of the company, which for the past two decades has survived in a very difficult situation and, practically without the help of the state, has found new partners who want to order the construction of nuclear power plants in their country. It must be borne in mind that when building a nuclear power plant abroad, a basis is created for long-term economic cooperation between Russia and other countries, which makes it possible to implement with high efficiency a large volume of related services, such as: • transfer of licenses and know-how, design and survey works, supply of complete equipment and spare parts, engineering consulting services; • provides employment of the population within the country (about 300 enterprises and tens of thousands of employees participate in the NPP project abroad as subcontractors); • increases the availability of regional budgets; • increases globally the competitiveness of Russian equipment in particular and Russian high technologies in general.

Multi-level product support, Availability, System dynamics

By using the principle of the system dynamics research, an availability model of product maintenance spare parts support system and the dynamic mechanism of multi-level support process was constructed. Dynamic analysis of control feedback relationship in multilevel maintenance support system and the maintenance spare parts flow in the system is carried out. Satisfactory strategies for improving the availability of products were explored by means of analysis of product support parameters in spare parts supply and maintenance. Dynamic simulation was carried out in multilevel support model of product cycle to verify the effectiveness of product support strategy.

Development of modelling algorithm of technological systems by statistical tests

The paper tackles the problem of economic assessment of design efficiency regarding various technological systems at the stage of their operation. The modelling algorithm of a technological system was performed using statistical tests and with account of the reliability index allows estimating the level of machinery technical excellence and defining the efficiency of design reliability against its performance. Economic feasibility of its application shall be determined on the basis of service quality of a technological system with further forecasting of volumes and the range of spare parts supply.

Research on the Optimization of After-Sales Parts Supply Chain Management Based on Supplier Management—Taking SAIC General Motors After-Sales Parts as an Example

Nowadays auto parts industry supply chain management is becoming a boom-ing industry which is full of opportunities and challenges. As a network node of supply chain, the reasonable optimization of the supplier not only affects the after-sales parts operating costs, operating performance, competitive strategy and the future development, but also affect the entire supply chain logistics cost, logistics strategy and competition strategy. Supply chain management re-search for Supplier management can effectively guide the auto parts manufacturers of the business environment, foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, assess the situation, seize the moment, and gather more intense market competition in the future always maintain their advantage. Therefore, deeply studying the related theory of automobile after-sales spare parts supply chain, combined with the status quo and development trend of the automobile and accessories market in China, then optimization the basic model and operation strategy of automobile customer service parts supply chain in China, has a very important practical significance. Based on the customer service parts supply chain of SAIC General Motors, we analyze the operation characteristics and the status quo of this company; analyze the existing problems in the supply chain of the company’s after-sales parts. Firstly due to the historical reasons, and the lack of overall concept of the supply chain, supplier order delivery rate is low, information feedback is not timely, inventory pressure is high, and supply chain management system is imperfect. Secondly the incomplete information and inaccurate predictions lead to unreasonable warehouse storage; inventory turnover rate is low. Finally, the market demand and the information are not shared caused low company’s accessories sales and high proportion of transport costs. In the aspect of optimization design, firstly we analysis and improve reasonable management of suppliers, inventory structure, major items of operating costs and existing problems in SAIC General Motors. In the optimization design, we firstly analyse reasonable management of suppliers in order to reduce costs and in a timely manner to meet the market demand; Then the information integration of the parts system can scientifically synthesize information to reasonably predict sales volume, satisfy inventory optimization and strengthen cooperation with suppliers; Finally, adjust the structure of spare parts inventory according to the contact with the supplies; improve the company’s inventory turnover rate, to make the whole supply chain inventory structure more reasonable accessories, so as to reduce the company’s operating costs, improve customer satisfaction rate and satisfaction.

Ontology for Conceptual Modelling of Intelligent Maintenance Systems and Spare Parts Supply Chain Integration

With an increasing demand for more efficiency and less costs in industry, the integration between Intelligent Maintenance Systems (IMS) and Spare Parts Supply Chain (SPSC) results in better availability of parts and services, avoiding breakdowns and unplanned production interruptions. Better demand planning results in better cost-effectivity as well, as parts and services can be better planned and always available when needed. The proper integration of IMS and SPSC has challenges related to semantic differences between areas with diverse concepts and vocabularies. This work intends to explore these challenges and propose a conceptual model for such integration, using existing ontologies in domains such as supply chain, maintenance and manufacturing to build on top of them an ontology aimed at allowing conceptual integration between IMS and SPSC and becoming a foundation to build future information systems to integrate these two areas. Its purpose is also further explored by using the characteristics of an ontology as tool for semantic description. Artificial intelligence, reasoning and context-aware systems are some of the areas that can benefit from the existence of an ontology to model IMS and SPSC integration. In this paper, we explore such characteristics along with integration and interoperability obtained by using an ontological model in IMS and SPSC integration.

An Inventory-Location Modeling Structure for Spare Parts Supply Chain Network Design Problems in Industrial End-User Sites

Traditional literature on Spare Parts Management from industrial end-user sites has not focused on the underlying Supply Chain Network. Thus, this paper analyzes the relevance of integrating Supply Chain Network design with traditional Spare Parts Management. With this aim, the paper proposes a network optimization modeling structure, with simultaneous decisions for warehouse locations and inventory control, allowing to optimize the Spare Parts Supply Chain Network costs.The model is specified for three traditional and commonly used Inventory Control Policies suitable for a variety of Spare Parts (i.e., (s, Q), (R, s, S) and (S-1, S)). The proposed integrated approach yields Spare Parts Supply Chain system performance improvements.

Additive manufacturing in the mechanical engineering and medical industries spare parts supply chain

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to approximate the impact that additive manufacturing (AM) will have on firm inventory performance (IP) and customer satisfaction (CS) when it is applied within the spare parts (SP) supply chain of manufacturing organisations. This research also explores the influence of customer sensitivity (CSy) to price and delivery lead time and supply risk (SR) within those approximations.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was used to collect the primary data for this research. Data were collected from 69 respondents working for organisations in two industrial segments within the UK manufacturing sector: “Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Computer Equipment” and “Measuring, Analysing and Controlling Instruments, Photographic, Medical and Optical Instruments”. The respondents worked for entities that were categorised in three groups: customers, suppliers, and entities that were both customers and suppliers. The groups that were self-identified as “customers” or “suppliers” answered 20 survey items each and the group that was identified as both “customers” and “suppliers” answered 40 survey items.FindingsThe results revealed that AM was considered a suitable vehicle for the fulfilment of SP demand. However, AM appeared to make no material difference to CS; the scenario used improved delivery time of SP but increased price. Also, AM was thought to improve IP through less reliance on buffer stock to manage SR and spikes in demand and less carrying of SP at risk of obsolescence.Research limitations/implicationsThe respondents worked for entities within two manufacturing industry segments within the UK and the insights garnered may not be indicative of similar organisations competing in other manufacturing industry segments within the UK or in other countries. In addition, approximately 82 per cent of the surveyed respondents worked for small organisations with fewer than 100 employees and the results may differ for larger organisations. Further limitations were the relatively small sample size and lack of open-ended questions used in the survey. Larger sample size and the usage of open-ended survey questions may lead to more reliable and valuable responses and feedback.Practical implicationsThe findings from this research are considered to be of interest to practitioners contemplating adoption of AM and to developers of AM wishing to increase market share due to the positive reaction of entities within the industrial and commercial machinery and computer equipment, and measuring, analysing and controlling instrumentation industrial segments. This research raises awareness to the possible risks and rewards – from a range of perspectives, of AM to practitioners considering its adoption in the spare parts supply chain (SPSC).Originality/valueThe paper takes a novel perspective on AM in SPSCs by illuminating the supplier and buyer perspective based on empirical data. This research provides new insights about the appreciation of the use of AM in SPSCs of mostly small sized manufacturing companies located in the UK. This paper also gives new insights about the willingness/conditions of manufacturing companies in the UK to adopt AM for the provision of SP. The originality of this research is twofold: it broached the applicability of AM in the supply chains of the two targeted industrial segments, and as far as the authors are aware, the influence of CSy (e.g. to price or lead time) and SR on SPSC players’ attitude to AM is yet to be considered. Finally, this research adopted a systems theory lens and considered system-wide impact of AM introduction.

Cross-training policies for repair shops with spare part inventories

We study a spare part supply system for repairable spare parts where parallel repair servers may have multiple skills (can repair different failed parts). Demands for the spares occur according to Poisson processes with different rates. The failed spare parts are immediately replaced from the inventory. Otherwise, failed parts are backordered and fulfilled when a spare of the same type becomes available (repaired). The repair servers are heterogeneous and can process certain types of repairables only if they have the necessary skill. In this system, in contrast with the other skill-optimization models, there is a trade-off between adding extra skills to servers (training) or adding extra inventory. In this paper, we formulate a mathematical model to optimize the assignment of skills to servers taking into account inventories for the ready-to-use spares and backorder costs (penalties). To optimize the skill assignments and inventories, we use a hybrid approach combining a Genetic Algorithm (GA) with simulation modeling. The proposed simulation-based optimization heuristic is used for extensive analysis of optimal skill assignments where we show that partial flexibility for repair servers with limited cross-training will lead to lower total system cost.

The Application of Probability Elements in Optimizing Supply of Spare Parts and Components in Aviation

Abstract The paper undertakes the problem of managing exploitation support of aviation equipment in terms of spare parts and subassemblies taking into account variable conditions, resulting from different intensity of aircraft and helicopter operation. It covers the practical aspects of planning stocks of material resources in connection with the applicable operating systems and failure of aircraft at the airbase level. By using statistical elements and probabilistic models it indicates the possibility of increasing the availability of parts and aircraft components, which in the long run will make a positive impact on the level of equipment technical efficiency. The article points to the need to minimize the expenditure involved and to avoid redundant, useless aircraft spare parts and components. Therefore, it is aimed at increasing the efficiency of material management, improving safety and developing exploitation systems in terms of technical reliability.

A bi-level programming model for decentralized manufacturer-distributer supply chain considering cooperative advertising

This paper studies a bi-level decentralized supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one distributor. Along with global advertising, the manufacturer participates in part of local advertising expenditure incurred by the distributor. Bi-level programming is applied to model the relationship between the manufacturer and distributer under two power scenarios of Stackelberg game framework. In the first scenario, we consider the manufacturer as the leader and in the latter, we allow the distributer to act as the dominant member of the supply chain. In order to tackle bi-level programming models, a meta-heuristic genetic algorithm with hierarchical structure is developed for each scenario and optimal policies for the members in terms of pricing, advertising, inventory and demand allocation are determined. Finally, several computational experiments are conducted on data obtained from an automotive spare parts supply chain to demonstrate the validity of the developed models and compare the benefits of members as well as of the entire system.

An exploratory study on supply chain analytics applied to spare parts supply chain

PurposeBig data analytics (BDA) has created a buzz around the world. It has been hailed as the new paradigm which has the potential to unlock value from otherwise non-productive aspects of the business. BDA has found application in the field of logistics and supply chain management (LSCM) too. Army has a large supply chain of various commodities which can benefit from BDA. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of BDA in spare parts supply chain of the army.Design/methodology/approachThe paper conducts a literature review to explain the application of supply chain analytics (SCA) to army spare parts supply chain. The paper presents a proposed architecture to apply SCA in the context of army supply chain.FindingsThe paper identifies various data points applicable to the field of LSCM in army. It also presents the impact areas of SCA on this supply chain. The architecture is presented which can serve as a roadmap for implementing SCA.Originality/valueThe paper is novel in its attempt to explain the supply chain of army and then apply SCA to it. The paper brings out a proposed architecture which can be further investigated to work on a roadmap to apply SCA to army supply chain.

Drinking Water Disinfection by Solar Radiation

A primary concern of developing countries throughout the world is that of obtaining safe drinking water. Waterborne diseases are still common in developing countries since drinking water sources are contaminated and the conventional rural water treatment plants are often inefficient to produce safe drinking water. This situation in developing countries is a major problem in terms of preventing public health. It is estimated that diarrhea accounted for 99% of the 69 million deaths among children before the age of five. Inadequate operation and maintenance after installations caused by a lack of trained operators, by a treacherous supply of chemicals and spare parts, and by financial problems lead to produce unhealthy drinking water. Since major urban water supplies are also not always capable of maintaining a regular supply of qualitatively good water, the distributed water is often considered unsafe for direct consumption. Treatment of water at the household level (etc. boiling) or purchasing of mineral water for consumption is more real than an exception in urban areas of developing countries. Recently, another small-scale approach using the lethal effect of sunlight has gained importance to sanitary contaminated water. Solar disinfection (SODIS) is one of the simplest methods for providing acceptable quality drinking water and consists of filling transparent containers (plastic bags, plastic bottles or glass bottles) with water and exposing the containers to sunlight for approximately 6 hours. Because of the low cost and easy usage, solar disinfection is commonly used in developing countries in Asia, Africa and South America. The aim of this literature review is to give information about solar disinfection mechanism, to compare the efficiency of solar disinfection on different microorganisms based on the past studies, and to discuss the several applications of solar disinfection in the world.

Improved Forecasts for uncertain and unpredictable Spare Parts Demand in Business Aircraft’s with Bootstrap Method

The supply chain performance depends on accurate demand forecasting. This becomes more critical when it comes to non-contract spare parts service supply chains. This is because of the fact that customers are not obliged to place an order for the required spare parts to its Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) due to the availability of multiple suppliers. The business aircraft spare parts supply chains are the ones most affected by this phenomenon because their travel pattern and usage is totally unpredictable in comparison with passenger airline carriers. These highly uncertain and unpredictable demands and subsequent inaccurate forecasts have severe financial consequences. It is also computationally expensive to predict demand forecast for each part due to huge number of spare parts in business aircraft’s supply chain. Hence, in this paper the objective is to investigate forecasting methods, their variants and artificial intelligence (AI) methods, developed for irregular demands, to propose best method variant that is capable of accurately forecasting not only uncertain but unpredictable demand e.g. business aircraft’s spare parts supply chain. We retained Boot Strapping (BS) method as the most suitable base method for uncertain and unpredictable demand forecasting. This is because of its inherent ability to reduce error due to resampling with replacement. The point and interval (existing), and sliding window (proposed) BS methods are implemented in Matlab and results of demand forecasts are compared with the forecasts generated from benchmarked existing forecasting methods as: Croston, Croston variants (SBJ, SNB, TSB), moving average (MA), single exponential smoothening (SES) and Commercial (proprietary black box) methods. The data used in this study is collected from Dassault Aviation. The results demonstrate that proposed sliding windows BS variant with ‘Mean’ function outperformed 75% of the spare parts with significant financial gains in terms of inventory holding and shortage costs.