Levels Of Supply Research Articles

Research on the supply and demand of elderly care service resources in China.

This study aims to assess the current status and spatial distribution differences of elderly care service resources supply and demand in China. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were utilized to gather participants' insights into the current demands for elderly care services, the status of resource allocation, and related indicators. The entropy weight method was employed to determine indicator weights, yielding objective demand and allocation indices for elderly care service resources. Kernel density estimation was used to illustrate the distribution characteristics of the demand and allocation indices. The coupling coordination degree model was applied to measure the coupling coordination level of China's elderly care service resource supply and demand system in 2020. The demand index ranks highest in Beijing (0.3291), Shanghai (0.2941), and Tianjin (0.2563), while the lowest are found in Tibet (0.1673), Guangxi (0.1727), and Guizhou (0.1737). Kernel density estimation shows that the demand index is concentrated in the range of 0.1800 to 0.2000. The top three regions for allocation index are Shanghai (184.0007), Qinghai (129.8177), and Beijing (109.5941), with the lowest in Liaoning (34.8558), Hainan (35.3168), and Yunnan (36.6366). Kernel density estimation indicates that the allocation index is concentrated in the range of 25-75. Calculations of coupling coordination degree show that Shanghai has high coordination quality (0.9368), Beijing has good coordination (0.8392), while Hainan and Yunnan experience severe imbalances (0.1990, 0.1831). There is a significant lack of coordination between the demand for elderly care services and the allocation of resources in Hainan and Yunnan provinces in China. Most provinces, with the exception of Beijing and Shanghai, exhibit some degree of misalignment. The Chinese government should address the varying needs of the elderly population in different regions, pay timely attention to regional disparities, enhance regional cooperation, and dynamically allocate elderly care resources in a rational manner.

The formation of a crop of fodder and semi-sugar beet under irrigation in conditions of global warming

Relevanse. To reduce the negative impact of drought on the production process of agrocenoses of field crops, the entire complex of agrotechnical and reclamation measures should be used to ensure increased drought resistance of crops in the structure of crop rotations for various purposes.The purpose of our research was to study the dynamics of the growth of the raw mass of root crops and the collection of dry matter by the periods of growth and development of fodder and semi-sugar beet at different moisture levels of the root layer of the soil.Material and methodology. The research was carried out in a specially built arid zone, which is a 3x20 m plot, isolated from soil moisture to a depth of 1.5 m by a clay castle along the periphery and a dense reinforced polyethylene film between the variants. The arid area was divided into four plots, each with an area of 15 m2 (3x5 m), in which a different level of moisture supply was maintained throughout the growing season. The variety of fodder beet Eckendorf yellow and semi–sugar beet – Semi-sugar pink variety were used as the object of research.Results. It has been established that at all values of humidity, the maximum accumulation of the raw mass of root crops in both varieties was noted in the second period of growth and development of plants, which lasts an average of 60 days and lasts from the beginning of closing of crops in rows to the beginning of opening in row spacing. Among the studied irrigation regimes, the option should be recognized as optimal, where during the growing season the relative humidity of the root layer at a depth of 1 m is maintained at the level of 70-75% of the WPV. With such moisture, the yield of root crops for fodder beet is 855 centners/ha, for semi-sugar beet – 679 centners/ha, and the collection of dry matter – 120.54 and 156.33 centners/ha, respectively. With a further increase in humidity to 75-80% of the FPV, the increase in yield and collection of dry matter per 1 ha of crops for both beet varieties is within the statistical error of the experiment, however, the cost of irrigation water for the formation of 1 q of dry matter increases by an average of 2.2 times, which negatively affects the cost of grown products. It has been proven that the optimal regime of soil moisture is provided by the irrigation scheme according to the periods of growth and development of plants 1 3 1; irrigation rate – 400 m3/ha, irrigation rate – 2000 m3/ha.

Bio-nano selenium fertilizer improves the yield, quality, and organic selenium content in rice

To investigate the impact of bio-nano Se on rice yield and quality and Se accumulation, three different forms of Se were applied: Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) synthesized by Proteus penneri LAB-1, a conventional inorganic Se fertilizer (sodium selenite) and an organic Se fertilizer (selenomethionine). The relative chlorophyll content of rice increased in plants treated with the different Se treatments and reached the highest level in the 5 mg/L bio-nano Se treatment. However, the height of rice showed little change. Applying 20 mg/L SeNPs increased rice yield by about 5% compared with organic Se treatment and 6% with inorganic Se treatment. Compared with the control, spraying 20 mg/L bio-nano, organic and inorganic Se on the leaf surface increased the soluble sugar content of rice by about 70%, 59% and 61%, respectively, and the amylose content by 15%, 11% and 10% and decreased soluble protein content by 25%, 18% and 22%, respectively. The Se content of rice increased with the increasing of spraying Se concentration. After spraying 10 mg/L of bio-nano Se, the Se content in the rice reached 271.2–306.5 µg/kg, and the proportion of organic Se was over 85.0%, which met the Se-rich rice and safety standards. This study provides a reference for determining the appropriate bio-nano Se supply level and developing Se-rich rice.

A modified spatial house price to income ratio and housing affordability drivers study: using the post-LASSO approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an index for measuring urban house price affordability that integrates spatial considerations and to explore the drivers of housing affordability using the post-least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approach and the ordinary least squares method of regression analysis. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on time-series data collected from 2005 to 2021 for 256 prefectural-level city districts in China. The new urban spatial house-to-price ratio introduced in this study adds the consideration of commuting costs due to spatial endowment compared to the traditional house-to-price ratio. And compared with the use of ordinary economic modelling methods, this study adopts the post-LASSO variable selection approach combined with the k-fold cross-test model to identify the most important drivers of housing affordability, thus better solving the problems of multicollinearity and overfitting. Findings Urban macroeconomics environment and government regulations have varying degrees of influence on housing affordability in cities. Among them, gross domestic product is the most important influence. Research limitations/implications The paper provides important implications for policymakers, real estate professionals and researchers. For example, policymakers will be able to design policies that target the most influential factors of housing affordability in their region. Originality/value This study introduces a new urban spatial house price-to-income ratio, and it examines how macroeconomic indicators, government regulation, real estate market supply and urban infrastructure level have a significant impact on housing affordability. The problem of having too many variables in the decision-making process is minimized through the post-LASSO methodology, which varies the parameters of the model to allow for the ranking of the importance of the variables. As a result, this approach allows policymakers and stakeholders in the real estate market more flexibility in determining policy interventions. In addition, through the k-fold cross-validation methodology, the study ensures a high degree of accuracy and credibility when using drivers to predict housing affordability.

Interactions between Root Hair Development and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization in Trifoliate Orange Seedlings in Response to P Levels

Both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and root hairs are crucial in facilitating plant uptake of phosphorus (P), while it is unclear whether and how they respond to varying P supplies. In order to explore how AM fungal colonization and root hair development are affected by substrate P supply, trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings were inoculated with AM fungus Rhizophagus intraradices and grown under low, moderate, and high P conditions; then, root hair morphological features and AM fungal colonization were measured. Following 120 days of AM fungal inoculation, root hair density, root hair length, AM fungal colonization rate, arbuscule colonization rate, and AM fungal colonization frequency all increased significantly under P-deficient conditions but decreased under high P conditions. Moreover, the colonization of AM fungi had a major impact on root hair formation by altering the expression of related genes and the growth of epidermal cells. The effect of AM fungi was dependent on P supply levels, as evidenced by the fact that root hair density and length increased at high P levels but decreased at low P levels. As a result, root hairs may serve as a preferential site for AM fungal colonization, and their morphology could influence the early stage of AM symbiosis establishment.

Sedimentology, depositional processes, and sequence stratigraphy of deep lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the lower Oligocene Xiaganchaigou Formation, Qaidam Basin, Northwestern China

Lacustrine deep-water fine-grained sedimentary rocks are characterized by high heterogeneities in lithology and lithofacies stacking patterns, controlled by sediment supply and lake level fluctuation. Despite their vital roles as source and reservoir rocks of unconventional oil and gas play, depositional processes and sedimentary sequence of lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary rocks are poorly understood compared to their extensively studied deep marine counterparts. Here, we studied lithofacies, transportation and depositional processes, depositional environments, and sedimentary cycles of deep-water fine-grained deposits of the Lower Oligocene Xiaganchaigou Formation from cored wells in the western Qaidam Basin. Nine lithofacies that stack repetitively in 6–18 m thick sedimentary cycles are identified based on petrographic observation, geochemical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The regressive systems tract of a sedimentary cycle is composed of detrital-rich massive fine sandstone deposited by debris flows and thin-bedded fine sandstone deposited by high-density turbidity currents. The transgressive systems tract is dominated by laminated carbonate-rich mudrock facies deposited by low-density turbidity currents. A complete sedimentary cycle is interpreted to represent a transgressive-regressive cycle controlled by fifth-order lake-level variation. Coarse-grained detrital-rich debrite and high-density turbidite were deposited in the proximal sublacustrine fan and channel during lake-level regression, with sediments mainly supplied by terrigenous siliciclastic input. Carbonate-rich low-density turbidites are deposited primarily in the distal sublacustrine fan during lake-level transgression. Thin-laminated carbonate-rich mudrock facies with high organic matter abundance and well-developed laminae-induced fractures are considered both source rocks and target reservoirs of the upper Xiaganchaigou Formation.

Mapping ecosystem service temporal trends: a case study of European wood potential, supply and demand between 2008 and 2018

Wood is one of the key forest Ecosystem Services (ES) of growing ecological, social and economic importance; therefore, we need more precise information about its long-term usage. To achieve this, it is necessary to examine the spatio-temporal aspects of wood ES potential, supply and demand. In this study, we analyse spatio-temporal patterns of wood ES supply and demand at continental, national and regional scales to identify areas of increasing and decreasing supply and demand levels in Europe. In addition, we present background information about the potential of European forests to provide wood ES and its relationship to supply and demand. Our results showed that the overall European wood supply and demand as well as the wood ES potential were characterised by increasing trends. Furthermore, this increase was also regional, particularly in central and northern Europe. This study demonstrates not only the significance of spatio-temporal data in ES mapping, but also the importance of considering a broader range of components of the ES cascade model when assessing change. Our research has shown that potential, supply and demand can all increase in the same area, but also that low supply and demand do not guarantee wood potential growth. In addition, we found that a broad scale assessment helps to identify more general patterns and trends, but analysing data at a more accurate scale provides more comprehensive insights for identifying areas that may require targeted action for sustainable forest management.

Precision Phenotyping of Wild Rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) to Determine Morpho-Physiological Responses under Increasing Drought Stress Levels Using the PlantEye Multispectral 3D System

The PlantEye multispectral scanner is an optoelectrical sensor automatically applied to a mechatronic platform that allows the non-destructive, accurate, and high-throughput detection of morphological and physiological plant parameters. In this study, we describe how the advanced phenotyping platform precisely assesses changes in plant architecture and growth parameters of wild rocket salad (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. [DC.]) under drought stress conditions. Four different irrigation supply levels from moderate to severe, required to keep 100, 70, 50, and 30% of the water-holding capacity, were adopted. Growth rate and plant architecture were recorded through the digital measure of biomass, leaf area, Canopy Light Penetration Depth, five convex hull traits, plant height, Surface Angle Average, and Voxel Volume Total. Vegetation color assessments included hue, lightness, and saturation. Vegetation and senescence indices were calculated from canopy reflectance in the red (620–645 nm), green (530–540 nm), blue (peak wavelength 460–485 nm), near-infrared (820–850 nm), and 3D laser (940 nm) ranges. The temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation of the environment were also recorded. Overall, morphological parameters, color, multispectral data, and vegetation indices provided over 7200 data points through daily scans over three weeks of cultivation. Although a general decrease in growth parameters with increasing stress severity was observed, plants were able to maintain the same morpho-physiological performances as the control during the early growth stages, keeping both 70% and 50% of the total water-holding capacity. Among indices, the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) contributed the most to the differentiation between different stress levels during the cultivation cycle. Across the 3 weeks of growth, statistically significant differences were observed for all traits except for the Saturation Average. Comparisons with respect to the control highlighted the strong impact of drought stress on morphological plant traits. This study provided meaningful insights into the health status of wild rocket salad under increasing drought stress.

АНАЛИЗ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ВРАЧЕЙ-ДЕРМАТОВЕНЕРОЛОГОВ, ОКАЗЫВАЮЩИХ МЕДИЦИНСКУЮ ПОМОЩЬ СЕЛЬСКОМУ НАСЕЛЕНИЮ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БАШКОРТОСТАН

Relevance. Currently, there is a low staffing of medical organizations with local doctors and medical specialists, including dermatovenerologists. This determines the low availability of primary medical care for the rural population for diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Purpose of the study. To analyze the activities of dermatovenerologists in providing primary specialized medical care to the rural population for diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Materials and methods. The calculation of indicators characterizing the activities of dermatovenerologists in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2017-2021 was carried out: the provision of the population with dermatovenereologists, staffing of regular positions of dermatovenereologists, staffing with individuals, part-time ratio, share of visits per one rural resident and one patient with skin diseases, number of visits in connection with the disease, in connection with the preventive purpose. Results. Level of supply of dermatovenerologists in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2021. amounted to 0.54 per 10 thousand population. In recent years, the provision of dermatovenerologists in the rural population remains low: in 11.1% of rural areas there are no dermatovenerologists, and in 31.5% the level of provision is insufficient. For the period 2017-2021 a decrease in the number of visits to a dermatovenerologist for skin diseases was established by 16.3% (per rural resident from 0.29 to 0.24 visits per resident), as well as a decrease in the number of visits to a dermatovenerologist by 22.0% . (from 4.63 to 3.61 visits per patient). An extremely low volume of telemedicine consultations was revealed, which is a significant factor in reducing the availability of medical care for the rural population. Conclusions. In the Republic of Bashkortostan in recent years, the provision of dermatovenerologists for the rural population remains insufficient. Thus, there is a need to develop measures aimed at improving primary specialized medical care provided by dermatovenerologists to the rural population of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The use of medical thermal imaging in assessing the dynamics of healing of pressure ulcers in patients with severe brain damage

Patients with severe brain damage often develop pressure ulcers (PU). The phases of the wound process significantly extend in time due to the underlying disease, severity of the condition and metabolic changes. Medical thermal imaging can be used to assess the level of PU microcirculation.Aims: to study the possibility of using medical thermal imaging to predict the course of PU in patients after severe brain damage.Methods: 38 ICU patients after brain injury and stage III–IV PU (25 men, 13 women, mean age 59±17 years). The series of thermograms (native image, after the “cold test” and 3 minutes after) were recorded before treatment and after 21 days. We used an NEC ThermoTracer TH 9100 thermal imager.Results. We assessed the minimum/maximum overall temperatures and in the 1st–4th quartiles. With a positive outcome, the temperatures Q3-Q4 were higher (35.1 C–37.6 C versus 34.8 C–36.7 C for a negative outcome) and the lower thresholds of all quartiles. We hypothesized that a sign of PU healing is a narrowing of the range of temperature points on the surface of the wound. We used a point system for assessing the dynamics of temperature parameters, then checked the model using ROC analysis: the AUC was 0.932 (0.81–1.0), which indicates the high quality. The best ratio of sensitivity and specificity (0.81; 0.83) corresponds to a cut-off point of 9.5.Conclusion. The use of medical thermal imaging makes it possible to objectively assess the level of blood supply to the PU in patients after severe brain damage, as well as the prognosis of further wound healing.

The impact of household registration system reform: evidence from China

ABSTRACT We construct a DSGE model with three sectors: households which are divided into urban registered residents and non-urban residents, firm, and government, calibrate and estimate the model with data of China. This study aims to evaluate the impact of household registration system (HRS) reform of China, and provides a theoretical thought to understand this reform. Impulse response analysis and counterfactual simulation show the short-term and long-term effects of the reform on output, consumption, and labour supply. The shock (1%) in public goods consumption increases labour supply and private consumption of non-urban registered residents by 0.21% and 0.42%, decreases by about 0.13% and 0.14% in urban registered residents, and increases in overall labour supply, consumption, and output levels by approximately 0.08%, 0.26% and 0.36%, respectively. While the impact of wage level increases labour supply and private consumption of non-urban registered residents by about 0.03% and 0.6%, about 0.03% and 0.25% of urban registered residents. This leads to increases of overall labour supply, consumption, and output levels by approximately 0.03%, 0.28% and 0.12%, respectively. Transfer payment shocks has a very weak effect. Overall, the economic effects of the household registration system reform policy are significant.

The coupling coordination between health service supply and regional economy in China: spatio-temporal evolution and convergence.

The coordination of health service supply and regional economy is an integral path to promote China's prosperity. Based on the coupling mechanism of health service supply and regional economy, we sampled the data from 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2021 in this study and constructed the evaluation index system. Additionally, we calculated the coupling coordination degree (HED) of the two through the coupling coordination degree model. We further used the kernel density estimation, Moran's I index, and spatial β convergence model to assess the dynamic evolution trends, spatial aggregation effect, and spatial convergence characteristics of coupling coordination. (1) HED in China showed a rising trend during the study period but with large regional differences, forming a gradient distribution pattern of "high in the east and low in the west." (2) The results of Kernel density estimation show that HED has formed a gradient differentiation phenomenon within each region in China. (3) HED has modeled spatial clustering characteristics during the study period, with high-value clusters mainly appearing in the eastern region and low-value clusters appearing in the northwestern region. (4) There are absolute β-convergence and conditional β-convergence trends in HED in China and the three major regions during the study period, but there is an obvious regional heterogeneity in the control factors. The research provides a reference for accurately implementing policies according to different levels of health service supply and economic development, in addition to narrowing the regional differences of the coupling coordination between the regional economy and health service supply.

ИНДИКАТОРЫ СОСТОЯНИЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ И УРОВНЯ ЖИЗНИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

In developed countries of the world, human capital is recognized as the main most valuable resource, which is the principal factor in the development of any territory. The life and health of people is the most important asset of any nation. The population of Russia has been steadily decreasing in recent decades due to natural and migration decline. In the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD), the demographic situation is especially acute: over the last three decades, the population has decreased by 22,3 %. The main reason is the rapid decline in the standard of living of the population. In turn, the demographic situation is significantly influenced by housing conditions, the level of food supply and the quality of nutrition. The population of the Far Eastern regions eats irrationally: people compensate for the energy and nutrients not received in protein foods and vegetable and melon products by excessive consumption of baked goods, pasta and cereals. This diet contributes to an increase in morbidity and a reduction in life expectancy. These problems are especially acute in regions with high poverty, low living standards and low social productivity. The most problematic in terms of the standard of living of the population are the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Trans-Baikal Region and the Republic of Buryatia: the median per capita cash income of residents of these regions allows them to buy no more than 4 minimum sets of food per month (in Russia as a whole – 5,7 sets), housing conditions are the worst in the Far Eastern Federal District. To improve the quality of food supply and living standards of the population in the regions, it was proposed to strengthen the social responsibility of the state and take comprehensive measures to increase real cash incomes; development of social entrepreneurship and social partnership; restoration and development of production in the regions of necessary products - milk, eggs, melons and vegetables. This will require significant investment in the rural economy of the Far Eastern regions to ensure growth in production volumes and development of human capital.

Research on Sports Public Service Supply in the Chengdu–Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle under the Background of Regional Economic Development

Using literature, questionnaires, interviews, and mathematical statistics to investigate the current situation of sports public services in the Chengdu–Chongqing Twin-city Economic Circle. The results show that there are some problems in Chengdu–Chongqing sports public services, such as big difference in the development level of supply between urban and rural areas, low supply level, low efficiency, supply mechanism defect, lack of social sports instructors, an outstanding contradiction between the quality of sports public service and residents’ demand. To address the problems, government departments should accelerate the transformation of government functions, improve the relevant regulations and systems, increase the investment in sports public services, improve the quality of supply, cultivate the backbone team, integrate resources, and combine the national characteristics with regional characteristics, take into account the personalized needs of the residents, combine the sports public services with intelligence, and build the service system of “Internet + Fitness.”

Collaborative strategy for electric vehicle charging scheduling and route planning

AbstractDue to varying energy demands and supply levels in different regions, the distribution of power load exhibits an imbalanced state. It contributes to increased power loss and poses a threat to the security constraints of the electrical grid. Simultaneously, the global energy transition has led to a continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy integrated into the grid. Electric vehicles (EVs), serving as representative of renewable energy, further magnify this load imbalance with their charging requirements, which poses a significant challenge to the stable operation of the grid. Therefore, to ensure the smooth operation of the grid under the context of renewable energy integration, the authors investigate the coordinated strategies of EV charging scheduling and route planning. The authors first model the coupling of the transportation network with the smart grid as a cyber‐physical system. Subsequently, the authors simulate and analyse the daily charging load curve of the network, capturing the travel characteristics of EVs. Based on this, the authors research the EV charging scheduling in both individual and collective travel scenarios during peak and off‐peak hours. For the off‐peak travel period of EVs, a charging schedule strategy based on travel plans is proposed, which reduces the time cost of EV owners' travel. Furthermore, for the collective travel of a large number of EVs within the system, a multi‐EV charging scheduling strategy based on charging station load balancing is presented. This strategy effectively balances the load levels of various charging stations while reducing the overall system travel time. Ultimately, through experimental results, the authors demonstrate that by deploying appropriate charging scheduling strategies, EVs cease to be a burden on the grid and can be transformed into tools for balancing the loads across different regions.

Challenges of Including Wet Grasslands with Variable Groundwater Tables in Large-Area Crop Production Simulations

Large-scale assessments of agricultural productivity necessitate integrated simulations of cropland and grassland ecosystems within their spatiotemporal context. However, simultaneous simulations face limitations due to assumptions of uniform species distribution. Grasslands, particularly those with shallow groundwater tables, are highly sensitive to water availability, undergoing rapid species composition changes. We hypothesised that predicting above-ground biomass (AGB) remains challenging due to these dynamic responses. Ten years of data from four lysimeters at a German wet grassland site, with varying water table treatments, was utilised to test this hypothesis. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive indirect effect of the water regime on AGB, with a one-year time lag (r = 0.97). The MONICA model initially exhibited fair agreement (d = 0.69) in simulating Leaf-Area-Index (LAI) but performed poorly in replicating AGB (d = 0.3). After removing the species composition change effect from the LAI and AGB datasets, the simulation notably improved, with the overall relative root mean square error (rRMSE) of AGB decreasing from 1.55 to 0.90 between the first and second simulations. This demonstrates MONICA’s ability to predict grass growth patterns amidst changing water supply levels for constant species composition. However, it needs a competition model to capture biomass growth changes with varying water supply.

Protocol for the development of a consensus practice guideline To address clinical and regulatory barriers to buprenorphine dispensing in community pharmacy

BackgroundLess than half of community pharmacies in the United States stock buprenorphine products indicated for the treatment of opioid use disorder. This lack of access to buprenorphine in community pharmacies is a significant barrier to care. To address this issue, this protocol outlines a comprehensive approach to develop a practice guideline aimed at improving access to safe and effective opioid use disorder treatment in community pharmacies.MethodsThe guideline development process will proceed in three phases, following a technique closely aligned with the Institute of Medicine’s guidance on guideline development. The first phase will involve conducting qualitative interviews with pharmacists in three states to identify their beliefs toward buprenorphine dispensing. As limitations on buprenorphine supply are related to constraints at all levels of the drug supply and regulatory system, the second phase, we will recruit representatives from regulatory agencies, pharmacy organizations, the Drug Enforcement Administration, pharmaceutical wholesalers as well as addiction medicine physicians and psychiatric pharmacists to develop consensus recommendations through a modified Delphi design. This will be followed by a public comment period and external expert review of the recommendations led by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. Finally, in the third phase, a national, mixed media dissemination campaign will be led by the National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA) to convey recommendations to practicing pharmacists.DiscussionThe guideline development process aims to incorporate the perspectives of multiple stakeholders and emphasize the importance of addressing the regulatory and pharmacy-specific aspects of care in addition to clinical evidence and guidance. The development of this guideline will provide targeted, multidisciplinary guidance for pharmacists, improving access to safe and effective opioid use disorder treatment in the community setting.PreregistrationThis protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework in March of 2023. Registration may be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6S9DY.

Research on the Level of Synergistic Development of Supply and Demand in China’s Health Industry

This study combines the latest vague set similarity measurement method with the entropy weight TOPSIS method; furthermore, it applies the grey relational analysis method to establish a model for the synergistic development of supply and demand in the health industry, and it empirically analyzes the development status, synergy level, and synergistic development level of China’s health industry supply and demand from 2013 to 2021. The findings reveal that: (1) China’s health industry supply maintains steady growth, while demand grows rapidly. However, the overall level of supply and demand development is generally low, indicating significant potential for future development. Moreover, the development of the supply lags behind that of the demand, leading to an increasing gap year by year. (2) The level of synergy between supply and demand in China’s health industry is relatively high but is decreasing year by year. Although the degree of synergistic development between supply and demand continues to increase, it remains at a low level, indicating that high coordination between supply and demand comes at the cost of a low development level. (3) There exists a significant regional imbalance in the development of China’s health industry, with the overall difference showing a widening trend year by year. Regional disparities are the main source of the overall difference.

Analytical monitoring of milk production in Ukraine

Introduction. The dairy industry is socially oriented, and its products should provide Ukrainian consumers with high-quality and nutritious dairy food products. Together with the products of other processing branches of the agro-industrial complex, these are the basis of ensuring food security. Among the branches of the food industry, the dairy industry ranks fourth in terms of the volume of industrial products sold. The population's well-being depends not only on the effective development of the dairy industry but also on reducing social tensions. The article aims to analyze the state of milk production by category of farms in Ukraine. The research process applied the methods of comparison, analysis, theoretical generalization, and logical generalization. The dialectical research method became the methodological basis. The article analyzes the dynamics of milk production in all categories of farms and finds out that there was a significant decrease in it due to military operations, the deterioration of the state of cattle feeding, the increase in the cost of raw material production due to the increase in prices for electricity, fuel, and logistics services was established. The main problems of the dairy industry are substantiated by the low level of technological equipment of dairies, outdated equipment, underdevelopment of the market infrastructure, low level of supply of raw materials and capacity utilization, low quality of final products of dairy industry enterprises; limitation of the possibility of broad differentiation of the assortment due to the low quality of raw materials; decrease in demand for processing products due to the low purchasing power of the population of the region, in particular rural areas; high level of competition from powerful enterprises equipped with modern equipment and technologies. In the raw materials market, district-scale enterprises face significant competition from leading enterprises in large cities, which can offer higher purchase prices to agricultural producers. Conditions for increasing the volume of milk production in modern conditions are proposed and substantiated. Keywords: production indicators, milk, dairy industry, annual yield, cattle.

Specificity of the process of training of strike and wrestling style athletes for Mixed Martial Matters

The presented article is devoted to one of the most urgent problems of the modern training system in mixed martial arts related to the search for effective ways of effective implementation in the process of competitive activity of the technical elements of mastering the wrestling and striking style of fighting.
 It was established that only 10-15% of highly qualified MMA fighters are simultaneously able to demonstrate at a high level in the process of competitive activity mastery of the main technical elements of the wrestling and striking style of fighting. It was found that the priority of using blows with hands or feet, compared to the use of throws, suffocating and pain techniques, is justified by the athlete's anthropometric data and the development of a certain type of strength capabilities of muscle groups, which is primarily used as agonists and synergists in the process of performing the corresponding technical element. The insufficient level of energy supply of muscle activity in fights is one of the important problems that do not allow a certain category of athletes to implement the existing arsenal of technical elements (kicks and punches, throws, painful and suffocating techniques) in the process of holding fights at the same time.