Supply Chain System Research Articles

Intelligent transportation storage condition assessment system for fruits and vegetables supply chain using internet of things enabled sensor network

Intelligent transportation storage condition assessment system for fruits and vegetables supply chain using internet of things enabled sensor network

Papaya Fruit Supply Chain System in Surabaya City: Towards a Better Food and Nutrition Urban Governance

Papaya Fruit Supply Chain System in Surabaya City: Towards a Better Food and Nutrition Urban Governance

Do artificial intelligence system adoptions foster production management supply chain performance in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms? An empirical exploring study from the MENA region

PurposeThe goal of this study is to better understand the driving force behind the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms (PMFs) that are recognized as developing countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region that are listed by the Chambers of the Industries of Jordan, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Morocco, and Algeria. Furthermore, the effect of adopting and using AI in managing raw materials (RMs), products, parts, and components for PMFs through supply chains (SCs).Design/methodology/approachA self-administrated questionnaire survey was used to gather data from 95 out of 511 participating managers (e.g. manufacturing, supplying, IT, operational, and logistical managers) utilizing a quantitative technique with a random sample size. In fact, 18.8% of the 89 different manufacturing firms (MFs) in the MENA area responded, with five to six managers from each company. The raw data was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe study’s findings show that the readiness to embrace artificial intelligence (AI) in the production management supply chain performance (PMSCP) of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is positively and significantly influenced directly and indirectly by sustainable strategic supplier reliability (SSSR), shipping process dependability (SPD), technological factors (TFs), and infrastructure transformational development capability (ITDC).Originality/valueAs the studied countries are growing economies, such study findings might offer insightful consequences for stakeholders and policymakers regarding the significance of using artificial intelligence system adoptions in pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in the MENA region. The managers may also concentrate on the strong positive direct and indirect links between SSSR, SPD, TFs, and ITDC preparedness to accept AI adoption and its applications and systems in supply chain and production management departments and the consequences of informational and product delivery.

Conceptual foundations of Tech-Driven logistics and supply chain management for economic competitiveness in the United Kingdom

The concept paper explores the transformative potential of technology in enhancing the logistics and supply chain sector to bolster the UK's economic competitiveness. This executive summary highlights the paper's primary objectives, theoretical frameworks, and anticipated outcomes, focusing on the integration of advanced technologies to streamline supply chain operations and drive economic growth. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding how technology can be leveraged to optimize logistics and supply chain management in the UK. It underscores the importance of a robust and efficient supply chain as a cornerstone of economic competitiveness, enabling businesses to reduce costs, improve delivery times, and enhance overall operational efficiency. Central to this paper is the exploration of various technological innovations that can revolutionize supply chain management. It discusses the impact of emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data analytics on the logistics sector. These technologies enable real-time tracking, predictive analytics, enhanced transparency, and improved decision-making processes, which are crucial for maintaining a competitive edge in the global market. The paper delves into theoretical models and frameworks that support the integration of technology into supply chain management. It examines concepts such as the Digital Supply Chain (DSC) model, which emphasizes the interconnectedness of digital technologies in creating a seamless supply chain network. Additionally, the paper explores the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, which provides a structured approach to measuring and improving supply chain performance through technology-driven metrics and best practices. Addressing the practical challenges of implementing tech-driven logistics, the paper highlights issues such as cybersecurity risks, high initial investment costs, and the need for skilled labor. It proposes solutions like fostering public-private partnerships, investing in cybersecurity measures, and developing training programs to build a tech-savvy workforce capable of managing advanced supply chain systems. The expected outcomes of tech-driven logistics and supply chain management include increased operational efficiency, reduced operational costs, improved customer satisfaction, and enhanced agility in responding to market changes. These improvements can significantly contribute to the UK's economic competitiveness, positioning it as a leader in the global supply chain landscape. The paper provides a strategic roadmap for integrating advanced technologies into the logistics sector. By leveraging these technologies, the UK can enhance its supply chain efficiency, drive economic growth, and maintain a competitive advantage in the global economy. The paper calls for concerted efforts from policymakers, industry leaders, and academia to foster an environment conducive to technological innovation and supply chain excellence. Keywords: Logistic, Supply Chain, Technology, Cyber Security, UK.

Comparison of Alfamart and Indomaret Supply Chain Efficiency in Handling Consumer Demand in Indonesia

This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of the supply chain efficiency of two major retail chains in Indonesia, Alfamart and Indomaret, in handling consumer demand. The research focuses on key areas such as procurement, inventory management, distribution, and technology integration. Utilizing qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews with supply chain managers and document analysis, the study reveals that both companies have developed effective supply chain strategies. Alfamart is noted for its flexibility and speed of response, while Indomaret emphasizes stability and efficiency. The findings, supported by specific data on inventory turnover rates and distribution times, suggest that improved supply chain management can significantly impact product availability, customer service, and consumer satisfaction. Recommendations for both companies include optimizing logistics processes, adopting advanced technology, and enhancing collaboration with suppliers, aiming to reduce operational costs and increase consumer satisfaction. This study highlights the importance of continuous development and technology integration in supply chain systems to maintain a competitive edge in the retail market. By implementing tailored strategies, Alfamart and Indomaret can further improve their supply chain efficiency, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. References to relevant studies and journals support these conclusions, emphasizing the critical role of efficient supply chain management in the retail industry. The study's limitations and future research directions are also discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

Does digitalization improve supply chain efficiency?

Enhancing supply chain efficiency (SCE) is crucial for establishing a modern supply chain system. This study determines that (I) supply chain digitalization (SCD) has a significant positive impact on enhancing SCE; (II) SCD reduces information asymmetry between enterprises, driving all entities within the chain toward digital transformation, which improves overall SCE; and (III) state-owned enterprises, those with strong internal controls, and companies with relatively dispersed supply chain concentration, SCD significantly improves SCE.

A dynamic two-phased approach for planning downstream oil supply chain network under uncertainty

This paper introduces an innovative approach for designing a downstream oil supply chain network under uncertain conditions, aiming to bridge existing gaps in tactical decision-making and day-to-day operational management. In the initial phase, the focus lies on tactical and operational decisions related to network planning, while the second phase emphasizes real-time transshipment decisions for daily operations. This two-phased strategy proves to be adaptable and proficient in effectively handling uncertainties. Applying the mixed possibilistic-flexible programming and a rolling horizon approach, we enhance the overall performance of the oil supply chain network. To validate the efficacy of our proposed method, we conduct a comprehensive case study utilizing a database sourced from governmental agencies, specifically tailored to the Iranian oil supply chain. Our results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach in addressing uncertainties, including demand fluctuations and network costs. Furthermore, the methodology exhibits potential for broader applications in other supply chain systems and industries grappling with similar challenges.

Strengthening Healthcare Supply Chains: A Comprehensive Strategy for Resilience in the Face of Natural Disasters

Effective and uninterrupted management of the healthcare supply chain and healthcare system preparedness for natural disasters (e.g., pandemics, earthquakes, forest fires, etc.) is essential to ensure that victims receive critical healthcare services and products with minimal disruption, even in the event of damage to transport and logistics infrastructure as a result of significant disasters. The article examines this issue using the example of Vital Health Systems, a prominent hospital system with multiple facilities across a wide region. The qualitative data for the study was collected through interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders in Vital Health Systems, including supply chain managers, procurement specialists, frontline staff, etc. The quantitative data for the study were based on reports, internal documentation and archival documents, industry reports, market research, government databases. Analysis of the supply chain resilience of Vital Health Systems to natural disasters was carried out using the PESTLE framework, based on which a comprehensive risk reduction strategy was proposed. This strategy, while rooted in theory, is highly practical and feasible, with measures to optimise stocks, creation of alternative transport routes and logistics networks, and use of technological solutions. Organisational and managerial proposals for minimising supply chain disruptions for Vital Health Systems in the event of natural disasters are based on the theory of transformational leadership, Denison’s organisational culture, Levitt’s diamond model, and McKinsey’s theory of strategic horizons. The role of healthcare professionals, supply chain managers, procurement specialists, and researchers in healthcare management and disaster preparedness is crucial in implementing these strategies.

The impact of risk factors on the sustainability of food distribution chain functioning in Kazakhstan

In conditions of risk and uncertainty, food security is ensured taking into account the requirements of isolation, safety and health, which requires changes to the existing supply chain (SC) system in the food environment, as well as the creation of more sustainable food supply chains. The aim of the study is to assess the conditions and factors of the functioning of the food commodity distribution chain (FCDC) of the agri-food market in conditions of risk, in particular, the COVID-19 pandemic. To formulate a conceptual framework reflecting the structure of the SC elements, the method of systematic review and generalization of literature was used; the method of expert survey of participants in the SC of food products (FP). During the analysis, seven significant factor constraints (technological, financial, economic, institutional, social, epidemiological, geographical) were revealed, the environment and operating conditions of the FCDC associated with the impact of the pandemic were identified. The risk factors of the environment and operating conditions of the FCDC and their possible effects on the SC are evaluated. Practical recommendations are given to reduce risks and improve the efficiency of the agro-food commodity distribution SC. The study attempts to study the influence of various factors caused by the restriction of the functioning of the food environment and affecting the stability of the SC of perishable products. The results could also be used to inform SC participants about the measures needed to create more sustainable SC foods in the future.

How does the power structure affect the acquisition price and inventory decisions in the reverse supply chain

With growing concerns about environmental sustainability, reverse supply chains play a crucial role in recycling, remanufacturing, and reducing waste. Investigating the power structure’s impact on decisions related to acquisition prices and inventory management can provide insights into the integration of sustainable practices. This study analyzes a reverse supply chain with a supplier and a remanufacturer, in which the supplier provides the remanufacturer with sorted used cores. We investigate the acquisition pricing and inventory decisions under different power structures (supplierled Stackelberg model, remanufacturer-led Stackelberg model) through game theory analysis. We first establish the centralized model to explore optimal acquisition decisions and profit of the total system. Then we evaluate the acquisition quantity, wholesale prices, the profit of supplier and remanufacturer in the supplier-led model and in the remanufacturer-led model. Finally, the impact of power structure on the performance of supplier and remanufacturer are explored by numerical analysis, as well as the supply chain system. Our significant findings show that (i) the total profit of the supplier-led and remanufacturer-led reverse supply chain are less than the centralized model due to the double marginalization; (ii) the remanufacturer-led reverse supply chain is superior to the supplier-led model reverse supply chain; (iii) the selected grades in the supplier-led model is proved the same as that in the remanufacturer-led model, which could not been affected by the wholesale price; (iv) the greater the inventory risk (the uncertainty in demand), the greater the profit share for the remanufacturer (supplier) in the supplier-led (remanufacturer-led) model.

Preface

The Second International Conference on Food and Agricultural Sciences (2nd ICFAS 2023) December 12 – December 14, 2023 Research Organization for Agriculture and Food National, Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Hybrid from Yogyakarta, Indonesia The Second International Conference on Food and Agricultural Sciences (2nd ICFAS 2023) started as part of the research and dissemination activities of the Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) with its first event in 2022. The theme of the 2nd ICFAS 2023 is “The Future Innovation and Technology in Food and Agriculture Sustainability to Face Climate Change”. The ICFAS 2023 serves as a platform for researchers, scientists, lecturers, engineers, scholar students, and practitioners interested in the advanced technologies of agriculture and food including food technology and processing, pre- and post-harvest technologies, food and nutrition securities, climate change, smart farming, agriculture and food supply chain system and related topics. The conference aimed to create an environment where diverse perspectives converge, fostering a rich tapestry of ideas that can drive meaningful progress in relevant fields or industries. In today’s rapidly evolving world, the exchange of knowledge has never been more crucial. The challenges we face are multifaceted, and it is only through collective intelligence, interdisciplinary collaboration, and a commitment to excellence that we can navigate the complexities ahead. The ICFAS 2023 is designed to be a nexus for such collaboration, where experts, scholars, and practitioners converge to share their expertise and experiences. Over the three days (12-14 December 2023), The conference has curated a program that features (keynote speakers, invited speakers, panel discussions and workshops) to explore the latest trends, address pressing issues, and inspire new thinking in food and agriculture scopes. We encourage you not only to actively participate in these sessions but also to engage in informal discussions during breaks, fostering connections that extend beyond the confines of this conference. The success of this conference is not only measured by the wealth of information shared but also by the relationships forged and the potential collaborations that may emerge. We would like to express our deep appreciation to all the sponsors (Institut Pertanian STIPER Yogyakarta, PT Wiralab Analitika Solusindo, PT Bayer Indonesia - BCS, PT Fajar Mas Murni, CropLife, PT Elo Karsa Utama, PT Corteva Agriscience Indonesia, PT ITS Science Indonesia, ID Food, and Danone Indonesia), partners (Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Biology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, and Study Program of Biotechnology - Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada; Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Kalijaga; Faculty of Agricultural Technology, STIPER Agricultural Institute Yogyakarta; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia; Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan; Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Aisyiah; Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Atmajaya Yogyakarta; Faculty of Halal Industry, Universitas Nahdhatul Ulama; Faculty of Agricultural, UPN Veteran Yogyakarta; Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Yogyakarta State University; Indonesian Biotechnology Consortium) organizers, presenters, and, above all, to the participants, for the priceless contributions of time, expertise, and enthusiasm that have contributed to the success of this conference. Sincerely, Satriyo Krido Wahono, Ph.D. Chairman List of Steering Committee and Organizing Committee are available in this Pdf.

Health System Responses to Address Treatment Gaps of Unsuppressed Adolescents on HIV Treatment in Public Primary Health Care Facilities in Windhoek, Namibia.

Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) face unique challenges that result in persistent gaps in achieving and maintaining suppressed viral load. Although effective evidence-based interventions to address treatment gaps in adolescents are readily available, health systems in resource-constrained, high HIV prevalence settings are challenged to implement them to achieve epidemic control. Here, we describe the health system responses to address the treatment gap of unsuppressed ALHIV on antiretroviral therapy in Windhoek, Namibia. We conducted a qualitative descriptive and exploratory study in Windhoek between June and October 2023. Nineteen purposively selected key informants, ranging from pediatric HIV program managers to healthcare providers, were interviewed. In-depth interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were uploaded to ATLAS.ti and subjected to thematic analysis. The four main themes elucidated challenges related to adherence and retention as well as health system responses in the form of interventions and support programs. The predominant adherence and retention challenges faced by ALHIV were mental health issues, behavioral and medication-related challenges, and inadequate care and social support. The health system responses to the identified challenges included providing psychosocial support, peer support, optimization of treatment and care, and the utilization of effective service delivery models. Key health system support elements identified included adequately capacitated human resources, efficient medication supply chain systems, creating and maintaining an enabling environment for optimum care, and robust monitoring systems as essential to program success. The health system responses to address the remaining treatment gaps of unsuppressed ALHIV in Windhoek are quite varied and, although evidence-based, appear to be siloed. We recommend harmonized, multifaceted guidance, integrating psychosocial, treatment, care, and peer-led support, and strengthening client-centred differentiated service delivery models for unsuppressed adolescents.

The conceptual model of Indonesian palm oil supply chain based on blockchain

Abstract Indonesia is the world’s largest producer and consumer of palm oil. However, the palm oil supply chain faces numerous challenges related to actors, traceability, transparency, and sustainability. To address these issues, a conceptual model for a blockchain-based palm oil supply chain in Indonesia is proposed. The model aims to leverage the decentralized and immutable nature of blockchain technology. It incorporates components such as smart contracts, distributed ledgers, and data sharing mechanisms to enhance traceability, transparency, and sustainability in the palm oil supply chain. The research utilized the SSM (Soft System Methodology) and CATWOE (Customer, Actor, Transformation, Worldview, Owner, Environment) methodologies. The actors involved in the palm oil supply chain include smallholders, plantation companies, third-party suppliers, middlemen, traders, palm oil mills, refineries, distributors, retailers, and consumers. The blockchain conceptual model is structured based on a sustainable supply chain model that considers economic, social, and environmental aspects. Blockchain transactions regulate the process of supply chain actors, while stakeholders such as the government, financial institutions, palm oil research organizations, NGOs, and consumers are involved. The blockchain-based supply chain model is expected to address the key issues of the palm oil supply chain, aiming for a sustainable supply chain system. By implementing this model, it is anticipated that the palm oil industry can achieve greater accountability, transparency, and environmental sustainability.

A Closed-Loop Supply Chain Inventory Model with Carbon Emissions and Green Technology Investment

This paper proposes an inventory model that integrates a manufacturer and a retailer in a supply chain system. The model employs environmentally friendly technology investments to reduce the emissions produced in the process. Furthermore, the demand at the retailer's end is unpredictable, and green investments affect the average demand levels. This research aims to identify the optimal delivery lot, the number of deliveries, the Safety Factor, the level of green technology, and the collection level to maximize the joint total profit. Numerical examples illustrate the model's practical application, and algorithms are developed to solve the problem. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine the key model parameters' effect on the model's behavior. Green investments have been shown to reduce emissions and increase returns on second-hand goods, thus enhancing the environmental efficiency of supply chains.

Decision-Making for The Selection of Vegetable Suppliers for Foods Distributors uses AHP and TOPSIS

The evaluation of supplier selection is an important aspect that needs to be considered in supply chain management. The best suppliers contribute to a more efficient supply chain system. Companies operating in the food distribution sector are particularly attentive to their suppliers. One of the products that receives significant attention is spinach, a perishable item, making supplier evaluation crucial. This research aims to evaluate the supplier selection of spinach products based on several criteria, such as delivery, quality, price, service, and location. Weighting is done using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this case, assessment or weighting is carried out by distributing questionnaires to three respondents in the field. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is employed to determine the rankings of each alternative. The results of this study indicate that the price criterion has the highest weight with a weight of 0.39. The recommended selected alternative is alternative 4, with the highest average value (Vi) based on the assessments of three experts. This model proves capable of addressing the issues of supplier selection evaluation, leading to the selection of alternative or supplier 4 as the spinach supplier for the food distribution company.

A robust optimization to dynamic supplier decisions and supply allocation problems in the multi-retail industry

The research focuses on multi-retail distribution with a strategic distribution network. Challenges include intense competition, logistical and transportation complexities requiring robust infrastructure like warehouses and efficient supply chain management, as well as operational inefficiencies and distribution costs. To address these issues, a model is applied to make strategic decisions, such as determining the necessary number of facilities to minimize total supply chain network operational costs and infrastructure for retail distribution. The outcome is a model that introduces a novel approach to enhancing supply chain efficiency and effectiveness from production to distribution stages, thereby reducing system costs, including ordering costs and inventory handling. Costs and loss costs resulting from remaining products produced can be minimized by considering networks, multiple suppliers, multiple warehouses, Distribution Centers (DC), multiple retailers, and multiple products, factoring in the distances between facilities in the network. Subsequently, comprehensive testing of inspection, distribution, and retail parameters is conducted, with a focus on specific periods and product types. When applying this model, certain characteristics need to be considered regarding the importance of selecting efficient suppliers of goods, such as procurement, performance improvement, and the number of supply chains and supply chain systems. This research introduces novelty in production methods that can lead to increased customer satisfaction, sales, market share, profit margins, more effective brand advertising, and revenue streams. In this process, the research undergoes a training, testing, and validation process in forming a strategic multi-retail distribution network model, spanning a total of 52 epochs. This process yields accuracy values for training at 90 %, testing at 92 %, and validation at 94 %

Decisions and Coordination of E-Commerce Supply Chain Considering Product Quality and Marketing Efforts under Different Power Structures

With the rapid development of internet technology, consumers have increasingly higher requirements for product quality. High-quality products can win consumers’ trust. Enhancing both product quality and sales in e-commerce platform transactions has long been a focal point of research. To address this issue, this paper constructs Stackelberg game models under different power structures and compares their impacts on pricing decisions and profits within e-commerce supply chains. Numerical simulations are used to explore the optimal combination strategy for the interaction of product quality and marketing efforts in the e-commerce supply chain. The results show that: (1) Under a centralized decision-making model, product quality and marketing efforts reach their optimal values, maximizing benefits for the supply chain system. (2) Under different power structures, the relationship between the profits of the supplier and the e-commerce platform self-operator is closely linked to the cost coefficients of product quality and marketing efforts. (3) Through the mechanism of “cost-sharing + compensation contract”, the supplier can reduce wholesale price, and the e-commerce platform self-operator can subsidize a portion of the sales to the supplier, thereby maximizing the profits of both parties and achieving a win–win situation. The research in this paper aids suppliers in improving product quality and e-commerce platform self-operators in enhancing their marketing efforts, providing theoretical support for optimizing supply-chain decision making on e-commerce platforms.

The impact of blockchain adoption in supply chain systems on corporate performance: a technology–organization–environment framework

The instability of the international political environment and frequent occurrence of unpredictable events have introduced greater uncertainty to the external environment of supply chains. Consequently, supply chain operations and development face increasing challenges. With a decentralized architecture, blockchain technology has emerged as an innovative solution capable of addressing various supply chain management issues. However, existing research on the adoption and impact of blockchain technology on corporate performance is limited, particularly within the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. Drawing from relevant studies, this study identifies traceability, information sharing, transparency and decentralization as the four perceived benefits of blockchain technology, and proposes a model to evaluate the impact of blockchain technology on corporate performance. Additionally, it examines the moderating effects of technological uncertainty, corporate social responsibility (CSR) orientation, and market uncertainty on the blockchain adoption within the TOE framework.

A diverse, unbiased group decision-making framework for assessing drivers of the circular economy and resilience in an agri-food supply chain

The circular economy (CE) and supply chain resilience have received significant scientific attention in the recent supply chain literature. Incorporating CE practices and resilience practices into a supply chain enables companies to address their sustainability goals. This research explores the joint impact of implementing CE practices and resilience practices in an agri-food supply chain in Peru. The synergetic assessment of CE practices and resilience practices in a supply chain constitutes a multi-criteria decision-making challenge, requiring the involvement of subject-matter experts. Most studies have selected subject-matter experts based on the researchers’ convenience, which may lead to biased evaluations by some experts, resulting in unreliable study results. To mitigate potential bias, this research introduces a new framework named Diverse and Unbiased Group Decision-Making (DUGDM). Subsequently, the study examines the interaction between the drivers of CE and resilience using the Grey-DEMATEL method. The results indicate that drivers, such as the economic growth level, agricultural contamination, and collaborative operation of multiple firms are most influential in the successful integration of circular economy and resilience into a Peruvian agri-food supply chain system.

Impacts of dual carbon emission reduction technology and technology spillovers of deterioration reduction on supply chain system's performances considering government incentives and contract design

Investments in carbon emission reduction and deterioration reduction are important aspects for the firms to construct a low-carbon supply chain systems of deteriorating products with the increasing preferences of customers for environmentally friendly and fresh products. In this study we develop a two-echelon supply chain system consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. The manufacturer implements dual carbon emission reduction technology to strengthen the carbon emission reduction efficiency under cap-and-trade regulation and both manufacturer and the retailer invest in deterioration reduction technology to reduce the deterioration and increase the stock level of the fresh items. To increase the demand, the retailer takes the responsibility of promoting the low-carbon and fresh products among the customers. Deterioration reduction technology spills over from the manufacturer to the retailer. Then a differential game model is formulated and the equilibrium strategies are analysed by Stackelberg differential game approach in long term scenario. Numerical analysis has been done to analyse the theoretical results more rigorously by MATLAB software and sensitivity of some major parameters on the demand and profits of the manufacturer and the retailer have also been done to obtain some managerial insights. The impacts of implementing dual carbon emissions reduction technology and the effects technology spillovers are discussed. The results show that when the manufacturer invests in dual carbon emission reduction technology over single reduction technology, it increases the emission reduction level and hence the environmental performance and also the demand and hence economic profits of the both the supply chain members. If the deterioration reduction technology spills over from the manufacturer to retailer, it increases the profit of the manufacturer but the retailer will be beneficial when his/her marginal profit will be high. In addition, we have incorporated government subsidy on manufacturer's emission reduction investment and a cost-sharing contract on the promotional effort of the retailer in our work and then found that joint impacts of them on the supply chain system. We have shown that these two incentives provide the pareto improved solution for the supply chain system and take the supply chain members to a win-win situation as economically and environmentally. The discussions of the results of this study can be beneficial for the industries which produced deteriorating products and emits high carbon during the production process in terms of taking optimal decisions. It also gives a lesson to the government how to inspired the practitioners towards developing a sustainable system.