Supervision Of Facilities Research Articles

Maintenance of Facilities and Infrastructure in SMK Negeri 7 Padang

This research is motivated by maintenance related to the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure which is not yet optimal, as can be seen from several phenomena that have emerged. This research aims to find out how to maintain facilities and infrastructure routinely, how to maintain facilities and infrastructure in a preventive manner, how to monitor the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure and how to monitor the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure at SMK Negeri 7 Padang. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique uses snowball sampling technique with observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validitytechniques use triangulation techniques to get more effective and accurate results. The informants in this research consisted of the Head of Facilities and Infrastructure, teachers, students, school officers and school guards. The research results obtained in research related to the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure at SMK Negeri 7 Padang include: 1) continuous maintenance of facilities and infrastructure by planning, 2) preventative maintenance of facilities and infrastructure carried out with certain criteria, 3) maintenance supervision facilities and infrastructure carried out by the school principal, deputy head of school facilities and infrastructure and facilities and infrastructure coordinator, 4) efforts to supervise the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure by carrying out direct supervision in the field

Pengawasan Pemeliharaan Sarana Prasarana di SMAN 1 Tulung Selapan

The purpose of this research is to understand the process of supervising the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure at SMA Negeri 1 Tulung Selapan, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. This study employs a descriptive research type with a qualitative approach. The key informants in this research are the principal and the vice principal for facilities and infrastructure, while the supporting informants are the teachers. Data collection techniques used include interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis techniques involve data reduction, data presentation, and data verification or conclusion drawing. The results of this study show that the supervision of facilities and infrastructure maintenance has been carried out well and has led to many positive changes in the school, improving conditions through the implementation of maintenance supervision, which includes awareness, understanding, organization, implementation, and documentation. Supporting factors for the supervision of facilities and infrastructure maintenance include the availability of human resources and good communication. The inhibiting factor is the lack of available funds.

Penguatan Fungsi Pengawasan Bawaslu Republik Indonesia dalam Penyelenggaraan Tahapan Kampanye Pemilu Serentak 2024

One of the stages in a general election is the campaign. During the campaign stage, there is an institution that has the authority to supervise it, namely Bawaslu RI. However, in its implementation, Bawaslu RI experienced several challenges, especially in facing the simultaneous elections in 2024, such as a lack of human resources, financing and facilities for supervision. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the research show that Bawaslu RI is affected by the implications of 2024 simultaneous elections, such as shortages of human resource and technical needs in the field with a solution by changing the Article 92 paragraph (2) of Law No.7/ 2017 to change the number of Bawaslu RI members from each existing level. Then, the strategy of Bawaslu RI in supporting its supervisory authority during simultaneous elections is to collaborate with various institutions such as the implementation of Gakkumdu, as well as entering into an MoU with Kominfo, KPU, and all social media in Indonesia.

THE IMPACT OF TERMINAL SERVICE OFFICER(TSO) PERFORMANCE TOWARDS PASSENGER SATISFACTION AT SAM RATULANGI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IN MANADO

Sam Ratulangi International Airport in Manado is one of the airports that began to increase flights since being affected by Covid-19. During the first semester period, January to June 2022. An increase of 37% when compared to the same period in 2021 with a total of 733,523 passengers. However, the reduction in Terminal Service Officer (TSO) personnel has not yet increased. It is feared that this could lead to a lack of supervision of facilities in the terminal area. Therefore, this research is expected to increase passenger satisfaction with facilities at Sam Ratulangi International Airport Manado. This research uses quantitative data collection by observation or direct observation, and the distribution of questionnaires. The population in this study were Lion Air JT-748 passengers totaling 100 passengers. The sample obtained was 50 of the existing population using the Probability Sampling technique. The analysis method used to test the instrument is the Simple Linear Regression test. The results of this study indicate that the effect of Terminal Service Officer (TSO) personnel performance on passenger satisfaction at Sam Ratulangi International in Manado is 98.6%, the remaining 1.4% is influenced by other variables not studied.

Inventory management practices: implications on the pharmaceuticals expenditure of rabies vaccine in public health facilities, Namibia

BackgroundTo achieve well-regulated distribution, storage, and utilization of the rabies vaccine, health facilities should adhere to standard operating procedures. In Namibia, information on inventory management, utilization, monitoring, and reporting of rabies vaccine adherence to standard operating procedures in public healthcare facilities is insufficient. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to rabies vaccine standard operating procedures and inventory management and to compare rabies vaccine expenditure to the number of patients who received rabies vaccination at the Ministry of Health and Social Services’ public healthcare facilities from 2018 to 2020.MethodsA cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire consisting of closed-ended questions was sent to 147 pharmacy staff and warehouse managers working in the 14 regions of Namibia during the period of May 1, 2021, to June 2, 2021. The overall expenditure and the total number of patients vaccinated from 2018 to 2020 were obtained from national-level logistic and vaccination program coordinators. Data were coded and transcribed into Microsoft® Excel® 2013 and analyzed using SPSS® version 27.ResultsOne hundred and thirty-three completed questionnaires were received from sixty-nine public health centers and hospitals. The group of respondents consisted of pharmacist assistants (50%), pharmacy technicians (12%), pharmacists (36.8%), senior pharmacists (0.8%), and chief pharmacists (1.5%). Overall, adherence to standard operating procedures was poor (27.1%). Rabies vaccine distributed to public health facilities from 2018 to 2020 was worth N$75,381,419.91 (~ US$4,074,671.46) and was expected to vaccinate 87,269 patients; however, only 95 cases of both rabies and rabid dog-bite patients were reported. The major inventory management challenges for public healthcare facilities include an inadequate number of pharmacy staff, poor adherence to standardized pharmaceutical warehousing, lack of regular supervision, and inadequate staff training.ConclusionInventory management practices in public healthcare facilities were not in compliance with standard operating procedures. There is a significant discrepancy between rabies vaccine expenditure and the number of patients that were vaccinated. Therefore, there is a need for adequate staff training on inventory management and regular facility supervision to enforce optimal rabies vaccine inventory management practices.

System Analysis of Employee Performance and Facility Supervision by the Terminal Inspection Service Unit at Tjilik Riwut Palangkaraya Airport

Supervision of standard facilities at Palangkaraya Airport is the duty and responsibility of the Terminal Inpetion Service (TIS). The most important thing for the smooth operation of the Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) on the land side is the employee's performance in monitoring facilities with existing resources so that supervision of facilities on the land side can be carried out optimally. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance system of Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) employees for monitoring facilities at Tjiik Riwut Palangkaraya Airport. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method, the data that has been obtained will be analyzed qualitatively and described in a descriptive form. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data in this study included interviews with Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) unit personnel, while secondary data were obtained from Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) documents and literature. Based on the research results it is known that in carrying out their duties and responsibilities, the Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) unit still lacks personnel. Tasks that are still not handled optimally, namely supervision on the land side (Landside) namely, monitoring of Trolley facilities and air temperature in the terminal waiting room section, Trolleys are often scattered (out of place) and passengers often complain of overheating, due to the number of personnel who insufficient so that supervision of landside facilities cannot be maximized.

PERAN UNIT TERMINAL INSPECTION SERVICE DALAM PELAKSANAAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP FASILITAS LANDSIDE DI BANDAR UDARA TJILIK RIWUT PALANGKARAYA

ABSTRACT, Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) officers when carrying out surveillance still often find facilities that are damaged or unfit for use, coupled with a lack of TIS personnel, totaling 3 people. This researcher aims to find out how the Terminal Inspection Service Unit carries out a monitoring system for landside facilities at airports and to find out what obstacles and efforts are faced by the Terminal Inspection Service Unit (TIS) when carrying out surveillance of airport landside facilities.
 This study uses a qualitative method. The tools used were data collectors with the results of observations, interviews and documentation at the Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) unit. Observations, interviews and documentation as supporting documents to answer the research question formulation, then used data validity tests and finally the researchers performed data analysis techniques. which consists of data reduction, Data Presentation and Drawing Conclusions.
 The results of this study indicate that 1) The control system carried out by Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) officers refers to PM 178 2015 concerning service standards for airport service users and refers to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the Terminal Inspection Service Unit (TIS) for facility supervision. carried out periodically every day this is done to ensure that every airport facility functions properly and is safe to use so that zero accidents do not occur in accordance with airport principles. 2) data obtained that Terminal Inspection Service officers are still experiencing problems, both constraints on coordination between divisions and constraints on facilities that are still inadequate in dealing with service users and constraints on the number of personnel totaling 3 people due to lack of human resources which makes TIS officers experience pressure such as boredom, fatigue caused by facilities that are often damaged, plus the number of personnel who are so few, numbering 3 people, of course, the need for a Human Resources (HR) budget to fix all of this, but currently the budget is not enough to repair all facilities and lack of personnel.

Management Pattern of Facilities and Infrastructure in Improving Learning Quality in SMP Negeri 1 Hamparan Perak


 The purpose of this study was to determine the planning of facilities and infrastructure in improving the quality of learning, to determine the procurement of facilities and infrastructure in improving the quality of learning, to determine the use or utilization of facilities and infrastructure in improving the quality of learning and to determine the maintenance of facilities and infrastructure in improving the quality of learning. This research uses qualitative research methods using a naturalistic approach in which data sources are obtained based on a natural situation as it is. Data collection procedures using observation, interviews and documentation studies. Then the data analysis technique uses (a) data reduction, (b) data presentation, and (c) conclusion. The results of the study found that: 1) Planning facilities and infrastructure based on needs analysis as well as proposals from teachers or other staff and determining the priority scale according to the availability of funds and the level of importance of facilities and infrastructure. 2) Procurement of facilities and infrastructure by purchasing from available funds or budgets that have been set. 3) The use of facilities and infrastructure has rules and schedules that have been available. 4) Maintenance of facilities and infrastructure is carried out by all school residents both special officers, principals, teachers, and other students are responsible for maintaining and maintaining the facilities and infrastructure available. 5) Supervision of facilities and infrastructure is directly responsible for the deputy head of facilities and infrastructure. Facilities and infrastructure management is a very important component in efforts to improve the quality of learning in schools. In order to improve the quality of learning in schools, of course, it is necessary to pay attention to how to manage good facilities and infrastructure, so that learning objectives can be achieved effectively and efficiently.
 Keywords: Facilities and Infrastructure Management, Learning Quality

Analysis of Facility Surveillance System by Tata Terminal Unit at Juwata Tarakan International Airport, North Kalimantan

The terminal is a liaison between land transportation and air transportation systems that accommodate all departure process activities from the transfer of passengers to goods. Passenger terminals must be able to accommodate operational activities and must meet operational security and safety requirements. In addition to taking part in the processing of existing activities, ensuring passenger comfort in using facilities is also important. Supervision of facilities can have a major impact on the safety and comfort of airport service users. The approach with qualitative methods is the approach that will be applied in this study. Qualitative research is research used to describe, explain, investigate, and find the quality of influence that cannot be explained, measured or described through a quantitative approach. The data obtained is in the form of research observations located at Juwata Tarakan International Airport, interviews with Tata Terminal Unit officers, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used include data collection, data reduction, and conclusions. The results of this study show that in supervising facilities at Juwata Tarakan International Airport there are still several obstacles experienced by Tata Terminal Unit officers, especially in terms of coordination and cooperation between Tata Terminal Unit and other units which are considered to have an impact on the satisfaction services provided at Juwata Tarakan International Airport.

ANALISIS KINERJA PETUGAS TERMINAL INSPECTION SERVIVE (TIS) TERHADAP STANDAR OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE (SOP) DI TERMINAL BANDAR UDARA RAHADI OESMAN KETAPANG

The purpose of this study was to determine the monitoring system for Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) facilities at Rahadi Oesman Airport, Ketapang, to determine the performance of Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) officers against the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) at Rahadi Oesman Airport, Ketapang.
 This research was conducted at Rahadi Oesman Airport Terminal Ketapang covering data obtained from company documents through interviews. The method used in this study uses qualitative methods and data analysis techniques as follows: Data reduction, data presentation, and data verification.
 The facility supervision system at Rahadi Oesman Airport Ketapang is carried out routinely by Terminal inspection service (TIS) officers and the results of the report are submitted to the head of Rahadi Oesman Airport for policy making and follow-up. The performance of the Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) officers is in accordance with the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) as evidenced by the suitability of the performance carried out and strengthened by the results of the officer's report.

Изучение токсических свойств препаратов «Тектумдез» и «Теора-Дез»

The paper presents the results of studying the toxicological properties of drugs developed at ROSBIOTEKH and VNIIVSGE – «Tektumdez» and «Theora-Dez». The preparations are intended for use at veterinary supervision facilities, food and processing enterprises. It was found that the studied preparations are relatively low-toxic compositions when injected into the stomach of laboratory mice cause toxic effects in doses from 1000 mg/kg. The LD50 for Tektumdez was 2364,0±38,14 mg/kg and for Theora-Dez was 1755,83±62,51 mg/kg. Inhalation toxicity for the drug «Tektumdez» by the results of 3 experiments was LD50 = 61,08+2,51 g/m3 and «Theora-Dez» by the results of 3 experiments LD50 = 58,21±0,6884 g/m3. Also preparations «Tektumdez» and «Theora- Dez» in the applied concentrations have a mild irritating effect in the study of the local irritant effect. According to the tests, Tektumdez and Theora-Dez were found to have no irritating and sensitizing effect. According to the parameters of acute toxicity, the drug belongs to the 3rd class of moderately hazardous substances when introduced into the stomach and to the 4th class of little hazardous substances when applied to the skin according to GOST 12.1.007-76.

Methodology for energy demand reduction of potato cold storage process

AbstractIn order to maintain the quality of the potatoes over time, it is necessary to store them under certain storage conditions, which minimize losses both of quality and product, preferably without using chemical treatments. Conservation chambers consume a considerable amount of energy. Between 60% and 70% of the electricity consumed is used in refrigeration. Good insulation reduces the need for cooling the potato since its optimum storage temperature for consumption is around 4–7°C and relative humidity is 85%–90%. This research studies potatoes’ cold storage process to minimize the cost in the product value chain and to ensure its competitiveness in the market. A model is developed to assess energy consumption and propose measures to reduce energy, environmental, and economic costs. All this to reduce their impact within the value chain of potato consumption.Practical ApplicationsIn this case study, different energy efficiency measures applied to the cold storage of potatoes have been implemented: replacement or improvement of the performance of refrigeration equipment, insulation and infiltrations in the refrigeration chamber, control of the product entry temperature, thermal conditioning through free‐cooling, improvements in lighting equipment, technical management, and supervision of facilities, and thermographic control. The set of actions implemented has allowed to obtain a reduction in energy demand, standardized through the developed reference line, by 16.41% compared to previous years.

Law enforcement over illegal fishing to protect coral reefs during the Covid-19 pandemic in Buton

The purpose of this study was to determine the role and obstacles faced by Fishery Civil Servant Investigators (FCSI) in the prevention and handling of Fisheries Crimes in the Buton Regency. With empirical legal methods, research data were obtained from direct interviews, showing that in 2018 there were two cases of destructive fishing using the fish bombing method, three cases in 2019, namely one case of fish bombing and two cases of exploitation of protected marine habitats, while in 2020 and 2021, there were two cases of fish bombing each. The results showed that Fisheries FCSI’s role constitutes prevention and prosecution for fisheries crime involving the destruction of ships that do not have permits for fishing vessels with sizes above 5 GT, exploitation of protected fish habitats, and fishing vessels failing to demonstrate proper seaworthiness. Fisheries crime cases that occur are fishing practices that involve the destruction of fish resources and aquatic habitats such as fish bombing, fish anesthesia, and the use of cyanide poison. Law enforcement during the covid-19 pandemic over these cases is carried out online at the witness examination stage or at a stage that involves the investigation of the suspect through a video conference interview. Provided that there is a Summoning Letter, based on Article 112 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the obstacles experienced by the Fisheries FCSI are influenced by internal factors in the form of lack of quality and quantity of supervision facilities and infrastructure, human resources, budget, and poor handling of evidence. Meanwhile, external factors involve the lack of public awareness to prevent the occurrence of fisheries crime, the lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure for the Supervisory Community Group, and weak coordination between law enforcement institutions.

О НОРМИРОВАНИИ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ЭКОТОКСИКАНТОВ В КОРМАХ, КОРМОВЫХ ДОБАВКАХ И ФАРМАКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВАХ ВЕТЕРИНАРНОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ

The article is devoted to the issues of control and regulation of the content of ecotoxicants of radiation and chemical nature. The problem is becoming increasingly important due to the lack of a single valid regulatory document in the field of ensuring the environmental safety of feed, feed raw materials, mineral and organic substances of natural and artificial origin – components for the production of feed additives and medicines for veterinary use. As a result, contradictions inevitably arise in assessing their quality and safety. Therefore, there is a need to harmonize and unify the regulatory requirements for the permissible levels of radioactive substances, toxic elements and substances of other groups controlled in veterinary supervision facilities, in accordance with the uniform standards of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union.

Pengelolaan Sarana dan Prasarana Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the Madrasah Head in managing educational facilities and infrastructure to improve the quality of learning, this study used a qualitative method. Sources of data in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. Primary data were taken from interviews and documentation, interviews were conducted with 4 informants, namely the Head of Madrasah, Administrative Staff, Class IV Teachers and 2 Class IV students at MI MA'ARIF NU. The conclusion of this study shows that the head of the Madrasah has managerial competence, so that the Head of the MI MA'ARIF NU Madrasah plays a role in making and planning the procurement of facilities and infrastructure through meetings. In the use of facilities and infrastructure there are no written rules. Maintenance of facilities and infrastructure involves all madrasah residents in the maintenance and storage of facilities and infrastructure. Supervision of facilities and infrastructure is carried out by checking directly on the objects of infrastructure owned. The teacher's role in improving student achievement has gone well providing motivation in the learning process, using existing learning media and in accordance with the lesson plans resulting in an average academic achievement of 77 and non-academic students winning the competition so that they get an Accreditation B score.Keywords : management of infrastructure, the role of the principal, student achievement.

MANAJEMEN SARANA DAN PRASARANA DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP) NEGERI 4 PARIAMAN

The purpose of this study was to determine the management of facilities and infrastructure in improving learning outcomes of Islamic religious education. This study used descriptive qualitative method. With data collection techniques from observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are; 1) By making a work plan every year such as the procurement of books. Both student books, teacher handbooks and other supports or references; 2) The benefits of learning infrastructure are able to create a conducive, safe, and learning atmosphere for students and teachers; 3) Supervision of facilities and infrastructure to improve learning outcomes is carried out regularly and which infrastructure needs to be repaired or how to improve it.

Lung Cancer Screening by Low-Dose Computed Tomography: Part 2 - Key Elements for Programmatic Implementation of Lung Cancer Screening.

For screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) to be effective, the benefits must outweigh the potential risks. In large lung cancer screening studies, a mortality reduction of approx. 20 % has been reported, which requires several organizational elements to be achieved in practice. The elements to be set up are an effective invitation strategy, uniform and quality-assured assessment criteria, and computer-assisted evaluation tools resulting in a nodule management algorithm to assign each nodule the needed workup intensity. For patients with confirmed lung cancer, immediate counseling and guideline-compliant treatment in tightly integrated regional expert centers with expert skills are required. First, pulmonology contacts as well as CT facilities should be available in the participant's neighborhood. IT infrastructure, linkage to clinical cancer registries, quality management as well as epidemiologic surveillance are also required. An effective organization of screening will result in an articulated structure of both widely distributed pulmonology offices as the participants' primary contacts and CT facilities as well as central expert facilities for supervision of screening activities, individual clarification of suspicious findings, and treatment of proven cancer. In order to ensure that the benefits of screening more than outweigh the potential harms and that it will be accepted by the public, a tightly organized structure is needed to ensure wide availability of pulmonologists as first contacts and CT facilities with expert skills and high-level equipment concentrated in central facilities. · For lung cancer screening, elements must function optimally and be tightly organized.. · Lung cancer screening requires a network of expert centers and collaborating facilities.. · IT infrastructure, QM, epidemiological surveillance, and linkage to cancer registries are essential.. · Delorme S, Kaaks R: Lung Cancer Screening by Low-Dose Computed Tomography: Part 2 - Key Elements for Programmatic Implementation of Lung Cancer Screening. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 644 - 651.

MOTIVASI, PERMASALAHAN DAN ALTERNATIF SOLUSI PROGRAM SISKA (SISTEM INTEGRASI SAPI DAN KELAPA SAWIT) DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui a. Potensi sumber daya alam yang ada; b. Minat dan prilaku peternak; dan c. Mengetahui permasalahan dan alternative solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk program pengembangan SISKA (Sistem integrasi sapi-sawit) di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat. Metode pemantauan dilakukan dengan menggunakan survei kepada peternak anggota kelompok. Hasil pemantauan menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Pasaman Barat berpotensi menyediakan bahan pakan ternak dari tanaman kelapa sawit. Bentuk bahan pakan yaitu pelepah sawit, lumpur sawit, dan bungkil inti sawit. Khususnya pada wilayah sentra pengembangan SISKA yaitu Kecamatan Luhak Nan Duo, Sasak Ranah Pasisie, Pasaman, dan Kecamatan Kinali. Peternak anggota kelompok memiliki motivasi tinggi dalam menjalankan usaha. Permasalahan pelaksanaan program SISKA belum berjalan secara optimal. Buktinya, meski limbah ternak sapi sudah dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk kompos, namun limbah kelapa sawit sebagai pakan hanya dimanfaatkan di sebagian kelompok. Kemudian tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan peternak relatif masih rendah. Fasilitas pengawasan dari pemerintah daerah masih kurang. Dengan demikian perlu kebijakan dan kolaborasi yang tepat untuk pencepatan upaya pengembangan SISKA di masa depan.

Strategies to Improve Education Quality through Facilities and Infrastructures Management in Singkawang Vocational School

The school is a social institution whose existence is part of the nation's social system which aims to produce capable, democratic, responsible, faithful, faithful, physically and spiritually healthy individuals, possessing knowledge and skills, having a steady and independent personality. To achieve these objectives, a strong curriculum is needed, both infrastructure and superstructure. This study aimed to reveal the strategy to improve the quality of education through the management of facilities and infrastructure in Singkawang 1 Vocational High School (SMK) with a focus on 1) Facilities and infrastructure planning at Singkawang State Vocational School, 2) The use of facilities and infrastructure in Singkawang Vocational School 1, 3) Supervision of Facilities and Infrastructure at SMK Negeri 1 Singkawang, 4) Reporting on facilities and infrastructure at SMK Negeri 1 Singkawang, 5) Obstacles faced in facilities and infrastructure at SMK Negeri 1 Singkawang. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collected by in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation and analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, conclusions or verification. Data reliability testing is done by extending the observation period, and triangulation and member checking. The results of the study concluded: 1) planning of facilities and infrastructure programs have been made by the student department to develop facilities in school activities. 2) The use of facilities and infrastructure is carried out in accordance with the learning needs by each teacher and regulated and monitored in an orderly manner, 3) Supervision of facilities and infrastructure has been carried out directly by the school principal, 4) Reporting has been carried out periodically by the student body to the principal school, 5) Constraints faced in facilities and infrastructure are financing both for procurement and maintenance. Based on the results of the study suggested the following things: 1) The principal is expected to optimize the supervision of all activities that have been planned so that the specified goals can be achieved. 2) Need to involve the community in the procurement of financing and maintenance of facilities and infrastructure. 3) Teachers, the administration is expected to be involved in the management of facilities and infrastructure.

Full-Observable Three-Phase State Estimation Algorithm Applied to Electric Distribution Grids

This paper proposes the development of a three-phase state estimation algorithm, which ensures complete observability for the electric network and a low investment cost for application in typical electric power distribution systems, which usually exhibit low levels of supervision facilities and measurement redundancy. Using the customers´ energy bills to calculate average demands, a three-phase load flow algorithm is run to generate pseudo-measurements of voltage magnitudes, active and reactive power injections, as well as current injections which are used to ensure the electrical network is full-observable, even with measurements available at only one point, the substation-feeder coupling point. The estimation process begins with a load flow solution for the customers´ average demand and uses an adjustment mechanism to track the real-time operating state to calculate the pseudo-measurements successively. Besides estimating the real-time operation state the proposed methodology also generates nontechnical losses estimation for each operation state. The effectiveness of the state estimation procedure is demonstrated by simulation results obtained for the IEEE 13-bus test network and for a real urban feeder.