Supernumerary Premolars Research Articles

Supernumerary teeth in the maxilla and mandible-an interdisciplinary challenge. Part 1: epidemiology, etiology, classification and associated complications

Supernumerary teeth develop in addition to the normal dentition and are a therapeutic challenge for pedodontists, orthodontists and oral surgeons alike. Therefore, interdisciplinary treatment concepts are needed for the benefit of the patient. In the present, two-parted literature review on supernumerary teeth, current classification, associated complications, diagnostic steps and different therapeutic approches are presented and discussed. Supernumerary teeth are diagnosed in the primary and permanent dentition. Supernumerary incisors, canines, premolars, and molars, as well as distomolars and mesiodentes can be seen according to the location of the supernumerary teeth. Furthermore, based on the morphology of the supernumeraries four different types can be differentiated: conical, tuberculate, supplemental, and odontoma. Supernumerary teeth often remain asymptomatic, and are only diagnosed incidentally during a routine dental visit on radiographs (often intraoral). Nevertheless, various complications have been reported in the literature for supernumerary teeth such as disturbed eruption, malpositioning/rotation, root resorption of neighbouring teeth, and development of dentigerous cysts in impacted supernumeraries. Root resorption of neighbouring teeth can be radiographically diagnosed in up to 22.8% of the cases.

Radiographic Follow-Up during Orthodontic Treatment for Early Diagnosis of Sequential Supernumerary Teeth.

Most supernumerary teeth are impacted and asymptomatic. Objective. The aim of this paper is to describe two cases of sequential development of supernumerary teeth in the mandibular premolar region, identified during orthodontic treatment. Reports. The first case describes the radiographic follow-up of a female patient that presented a supernumerary tooth at the age of 9 years and 10 months in the right mandibular premolar region, followed by a further supernumerary tooth in the left mandibular premolar region identified at the age of 11 years and 3 months. In the second case, the radiographic follow-up of a male patient demonstrated 3 supernumerary teeth in the premolar region at the age of 16 years. During orthognathic surgery planning at the age of 20 years and 5 months, a supplemental supernumerary tooth was found in the left mandibular region. Conclusion. Considering the late developing of supernumerary premolars, appropriate follow-up with panoramic radiographs of patients with previous experience of supernumerary teeth is essential for early diagnosis of supplemental premolars to prevent possible complications.

Late-Developing Supernumerary Premolars: Analysis of Different Therapeutic Approaches.

This case series describes the different potential approaches to late-developing supernumerary premolars (LDSP). LDSP are supernumerary teeth (ST) formed after the eruption of the permanent dentition; usually they develop in the premolar region of the upper and lower jaw. The choice to extract or to monitor the LDSP depends on many factors and has to be carefully planned due to the several risks that either the monitoring or the extraction could provoke. These four cases of LDSP showed different treatment plan alternatives derived from a scrupulous assessment of the clinical and radiographic information.

Prevalence of supernumerary teeth in a nonsyndromic Syrian sample.

Supernumerary teeth (ST), also known as hyperdontia, is a condition in which more than the normal number of teeth are present in the series. The prevalence of ST varies between and within different populations. These teeth may cause various complications. The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of ST in Damascus inhabitants, Syria. A cross-sectional study was carried out using retrospectively collected digital panoramic radiographs of 2753 patients (1047 males and 1706 females) ranging in age from 12.2 to 20.5 years between January 2012 and December 2014. These radiographs were obtained from private dental offices spread across Damascus, Syria. For each patient with ST, the demographic variables, number, location, type, position, morphology of ST, and complications were recorded. ST were detected in 39 patients (1.4%), of whom 25 (64.1%) were males and 14 (35.9%) were females, with a male to female ratio of 1.8 : 1 (P<0.001). Mesiodens was the most prevalent ST (39.1%), followed by supernumerary premolars (28.3%), supernumerary laterals (26.1%), distomolars (4.3%), and paramolars (2.2%). This series includes cases with one and two ST. Of the 46 ST detected, 56.5% had a conical morphology, 89.1% were in a vertical position, and 19.6% were erupted. ST caused displacement of the adjacent teeth in 17 cases (37.0%) and the impaction of the permanent teeth in five cases (10.9%). The prevalence of ST in Damascus inhabitants was found to be 1.4%; the most frequent type was mesiodens. A conical morphology was found to be the most common form of ST. Displacement of permanent teeth is the most frequent complication. Further studies should be carried out on more representative samples of both the public and the private sector patients.

Non-syndromic Multiple Supernumerary Teeth in a Family : Case Reports

Supernumerary teeth (SNTs) refer to extra teeth over normal numbers. SNTs can influence adjacent teeth and structure. Therefore, it is important to find SNTs before they cause problems and to decide when to extract them. Etiology of SNTs has not exactly been found, but it has been proposed that genetic and environmental factors are associated. SNT appears as a single unit in most cases and multiple SNTs usually occur as a part of a syndrome. Non-syndromic multiple SNTs are rarely seen. This report is to document the occurrence of multiple supernumerary premolars in a father and his three sons. Heritage is an important factor in SNT development so familial history is important for early detection of SNT.

A multi-centre evaluation of multiple supernumerary premolar prevalence

Abstract Aim The occurrence of multiple supernumerary teeth is rare and often found in association with syndromes such as cleidocranial dysplasia, Gardner's syndrome or cleft lip and palate. Few examples of non-syndromal multiple supernumerary teeth have been reported. The aim of this multi-centre study was to investigate the prevalence of supernumerary premolar teeth in non-syndromic patients and to investigate the association between the presence of supernumerary premolar teeth and malocclusion type in a Turkish population. Materials and methods The clinical records and panoramic radiographs of 10,700 patients (referred to three different university hospitals) were retrospectively examined for the presence of supernumerary premolars. Age, gender, orthodontic malocclusion type, the number of supernumerary premolars (two or more), the distribution, location, position (vertical, horizontal, inverted, mesio-angular), surgical approach, and related complications (pain, cystic changes, root resorption, or eruption disturbance of adjacent teeth) were recorded. Results Forty-two cases (13 Class I, 17 Class II, 12 Class III) of multiple mandibular supernumerary premolars in patients without an associated syndrome were detected. A total of 97 (27 Class I, 41 Class II, 29 Class III) supernumerary premolar teeth were found, with a prevalence of 0.39%. No statistical difference was found related to gender, malocclusion type and supernumerary premolars (p &gt; 0.05). The majority of the extra premolars were located in the mandible, which was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion The present study revealed that the prevalence of multiple supernumerary teeth was 0.39%. The most frequently impacted premolars were found in the mandible and more often associated with Class II malocclusions in the examined Turkish population.

Multiple Geminated Supernumerary Premolars: A Rare Case Report.

Supernumerary teeth may be defined as any teeth or tooth substance in excess of the usual configuration of 20 deciduous and 32 permanent teeth. Gemination is defined as an attempt by a single tooth bud to divide, with a resultant formation of either a large tooth with a bifid crown or two completely divided teeth throughout the crown and root. Geminated supernumerary premolar is a rarity and the possibility of multiple occurrences is even rarer. An exhaustive review of English literature and a PubMed search conducted using the terms “gemination” and “multiple geminated supernumerary” revealed no case of multiple geminated supernumerary premolars. We report a case of multiple geminated supernumerary premolars in a 23-year-old male.

Bilateral Maxillary Central Incisor Impaction associated with Developing Supernumerary Premolars in the Mandibular Arch

Bilateral Maxillary Central Incisor Impaction associated with Developing Supernumerary Premolars in the Mandibular Arch

Morphologic characteristics, location, and associated complications of maxillary and mandibular supernumerary teeth as evaluated using cone beam computed tomography

To evaluate the location and morphologic characteristics of supernumerary teeth and to assess the frequency and extent of root resorption of adjacent teeth using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT scans of 82 patients with supernumerary teeth in the maxilla and mandible were evaluated by two orthodontists independently. Data regarding the type, shape, and three-dimensional (3D) location of the supernumeraries including the frequency and extent of root resorption of adjacent teeth were recorded and evaluated for possible associations. The study comprised a total of 101 supernumerary teeth. Most of the patients (80.5 per cent) exhibited one single supernumerary tooth, while 15.8 per cent had two and 3.7 per cent had three supernumeraries. Males were affected more than females with a ratio of 1.65:1. Mesiodentes were the most frequently diagnosed type of supernumerary teeth (48.52 per cent), followed by supernumerary premolars (23.76 per cent) and lateral incisors (18.81 per cent). Supernumeraries were most commonly conical in shape (42.6 per cent) with a normal or inclined vertical position (61.4 per cent). Root resorption of adjacent teeth was detected for 22.8 per cent of the supernumerary teeth, most frequently for supernumerary premolars. There was a significant association between root resorption of adjacent teeth and type and shape of tooth. Interrater agreement for the measurements performed showed kappa values ranging from 0.55 to 1 with a kappa value of 1 for type and shape of the supernumerary teeth. CBCT provides 3D information about location and shape of supernumerary teeth as well as prevalence and degree of root resorption of neighbouring teeth with moderate to high interrater correlation.

Endoscopic Removal of a Supernumerary Premolar in the Mandible during a Dental Implant Placement

The surgical removal of supernumerary teeth is necessary in some cases, especially before the commencement of any orthodontic or implant treatment procedure. In the mandibular supernumerary premolar, a more conservative approach is required because of the presence of complications associated with conventional surgery due to the close proximity of the said premolar to the alveolar inferior and mental nerves, and the need for bone conservation for implant placement. The endoscopic surgical approach has been used for the removal of the maxillary supernumerary tooth, impacted third molar, and implants. In this case report, we present an endoscopically assisted surgical technique for the removal of an unerupted supernumerary premolar in the mandible associated with a dental implant placement procedure.

Nonsyndromic Multiple Supernumerary Impacted Teeth: Report of Two Unusual Cases

ABSTRACTSupernumerary teeth refer to teeth in excess of the usual number. Most common supernumerary teeth are mesiodense, followed by supernumerary teeth in molar and premolar region. There is a male predilection, and maxilla is involved more frequently. Multiple supernumerary teeth are often found in relation to syndromes. Only a few case reports have reported nonsyndromic multiple supernumerary teeth. Here, we report two unusual nonsyndromic cases with impact supernumerary teeth, the first case has five supernumerary premolars and the second has two unilateral fourth molars.How to cite this articleBagheri F, Taheri JB, Azimi S, Babaei S. Nonsyndromic Multiple Supernumerary Impacted Teeth: Report of Two Unusual Cases. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(2):127-128.

Asymptomatic Impacted Supernumerary Maxillary Parapremolar

ABSTRACT A case of unilateral impacted supernumerary premolar has been reported. Supernumerary premolars are usually asymptomatic and most cases are diagnosed by a chance during inspection of radiographs.

Bilateral Maxillary Central Incisor Impaction associated with Developing Supernumerary Premolars in the Mandibular Arch

Impaction of maxillary permanent incisor is not a frequent case in dental practice, but its treatment is challenging because of its importance to facial esthetics. Various local causes responsible for impaction, such as odontoma, supernumerary teeth and space loss supernumerary teeth are the main cause of impaction of upper incisor. We report a case of 15-year-old girl with bilaterally impacted supernumeraries in the premaxilla region associated with asymptomatic impacted developing supernumerary premolars in the mandibular arch. The supernumeraries of premaxilla region impeded the eruption of the permanent maxillary central incisors. The impacted supernumerary tooth was surgically removed and brackets bonded to the central incisors to apply orthodontic extrusive force which brought the central incisors down to their proper position in the dental arch.

다수의 과잉 소구치를 가진 정신지체 환자의 치험례

과잉 소구치는 장애 환자에서 교정적 문제를 일으켜 구강 위생 관리의 어려움을 초래할 수 있는데 발생 시기가 늦고 병리학적 문제의 발생 가능성이 낮으며 재발의 가능성이 높으므로 발거 시기를 전체 영구치열이 완전한 성숙을 이룬 후로 미루어야 하며 매복되어 있어 특이할 만한 합병증이 발견되지 않는 경우, 수술적 위험성을 감수하기보다는 남겨 두는 것을 추천한다. The supernumerary premolars account for 4%-9% of all supernumeraries and reported prevalence is 0.01%-1.00%. Multiple supernumerary teeth can be seen in syndromic phenotypes. But, only 2% of supernumerary premolars exhibited any pathological changes. Most of them cause interference with normal occlusal development that makes maintaining the disabled patients's oral hygiene difficult. It is recommended to delay the timing of extraction until the full permanent dentition is mature. If there is no complication, leaving the supernumerary premolars impacted is recommended. This case is about mental retardation patients with multiple supernumerary premolars.

Bilaterally impacted mandibular supernumerary premolars associated with unusual clinical complications

Supernumerary teeth are extra teeth in comparison to the normal dentition. Their prevalence varies between 0.1% and 3.8%. Supernumeraries are more common in permanent dentition and its incidence is higher in maxillary incisor region, followed by maxillary third molar and mandibular molar, premolar, canine, and lateral incisor. The prevalence of supernumerary premolars is between 0.075-0.26%, and they may occur in single or multiple numbers Bilateral occurrence is uncommon and large percentage of supernumerary premolars remains impacted, unerupted, and usually asymptomatic; radiograph plays an important role in diagnosis of these. The present paper reports a case of bilaterally impacted completely developed supernumerary premolars associated with common clinical complication in unusual manner along with taurodontism of the upper and lower molars.

Late Developing Supernumerary Premolars: Reports of Two Cases

This paper presents two cases of late developing supernumerary premolars. Case 1 is a female patient with nonsyndromic multiple supernumerary teeth located in the maxillary right premolar-molar region, maxillary left premolar region, and the mandibular right and left premolar regions. In this patient surgical removal of all supernumerary teeth was carried out to avoid complications during orthodontic treatment. Case 2 is a female aged 19 years in whom formation of a mandibular supernumerary premolar was observed which was not present at age 13. The patient was made aware of the supernumerary tooth presence, and periodic radiographic assessment was planned.

Unicystic ameloblastoma associated with impacted supernumerary premolar: An unusual case report

Dental literature is replete with cases of supernumerary mandibular premolar and unicystic ameloblastoma as separate entities but to our knowledge the present clinical scenario of unicystic ameloblastoma associated with impacted supernumerary premolar was rarely reported. The purpose of this article is to report a patient who presented with pain and swelling of the left mandible of five months' duration. Following clinical evaluation and radiological examination a diagnosis of a rare case of mandibular supernumerary premolar associated with unicystic ameloblastoma was made. The tumor was excised and mandibular reconstruction done.

Mandibular bilateral unerupted non-obstructing supernumerary premolars as a rare paradental anomaly

AbstractNon-syndromal multiple supernumerary teeth are most commonly seen in mandibular premolars region, followed by the molar and the anterior regions respectively. Dental literature rarely reports symmetrical supernumerary teeth in all four quadrants. However, supernumerary premolars may not become radiographically visible until the patient′s normal premolars have erupted. This article presents a case of a 45-year-old male with bilateral unerupted fully formed, buccally angulated, supernumerary premolars in the mandibular region without any obstruction to the eruption of mandibular first and second premolars. There was no syndrome associated. The delayed development of the supernumerary teeth in the premolar region supports the hypothesis that these teeth were part of a post-permanent dentition.

Multiple maxillary and mandibular supernumerary teeth in twins: 5-year follow-up

This is a case report of multiple supernumerary teeth of identical twins with 5 years of follow-up. The occurrence of supernumerary teeth in twins is an unusual event. This case report describes 7-year-old Taiwanese twin brothers who both presented with multiple supernumerary teeth in the premaxillary and mandibular premolar regions. The supernumerary premolars developed much later than the premaxillary supernumerary teeth in these twins. The supernumerary premolars caused impaction of the mandibular first premolars. Cases with multiple supernumerary teeth in twins are unusual, especially of supernumerary teeth affecting both the premaxilla and mandible. Such cases imply that heredity plays a role in the occurrence of supernumerary teeth.

Fused Double Supernumerary Premolars of the Mandible: A Rare Case

The incidence of nonsyndromic supernumerary premolars is rare. Supernumerary premolars are likely to undergo pathological changes. The most commonly encountered complications with these teeth are dentigerous cyst and root resorption of the adjacent tooth. This paper is about impacted double fused supernumerary premolars in the right mandiblular body associated with an impacted first premolar in a 17-year-old male. Under local anesthesia, the supernumerary premolars and the impacted permanent first premolar were surgically removed. Early diagnosis followed by an appropriate treatment at the right time will result in favorable prognosis in such cases.