Abstract
Abstract Aim The occurrence of multiple supernumerary teeth is rare and often found in association with syndromes such as cleidocranial dysplasia, Gardner's syndrome or cleft lip and palate. Few examples of non-syndromal multiple supernumerary teeth have been reported. The aim of this multi-centre study was to investigate the prevalence of supernumerary premolar teeth in non-syndromic patients and to investigate the association between the presence of supernumerary premolar teeth and malocclusion type in a Turkish population. Materials and methods The clinical records and panoramic radiographs of 10,700 patients (referred to three different university hospitals) were retrospectively examined for the presence of supernumerary premolars. Age, gender, orthodontic malocclusion type, the number of supernumerary premolars (two or more), the distribution, location, position (vertical, horizontal, inverted, mesio-angular), surgical approach, and related complications (pain, cystic changes, root resorption, or eruption disturbance of adjacent teeth) were recorded. Results Forty-two cases (13 Class I, 17 Class II, 12 Class III) of multiple mandibular supernumerary premolars in patients without an associated syndrome were detected. A total of 97 (27 Class I, 41 Class II, 29 Class III) supernumerary premolar teeth were found, with a prevalence of 0.39%. No statistical difference was found related to gender, malocclusion type and supernumerary premolars (p > 0.05). The majority of the extra premolars were located in the mandible, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion The present study revealed that the prevalence of multiple supernumerary teeth was 0.39%. The most frequently impacted premolars were found in the mandible and more often associated with Class II malocclusions in the examined Turkish population.
Highlights
No statistical difference was found related to gender, malocclusion type and supernumerary premolars (p > 0.05)
The majority of the extra premolars were located in the mandible, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05)
The present study revealed that the prevalence of multiple supernumerary teeth was 0.39%
Summary
Panoramic radiographs of a total of 10,700 patients were examined. The radiographs had been processed in three different university hospitals and, as the present study was based on a retrospective evaluation, no ethical approval was required but the investigation was conducted according to the principles described in the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient informed consent was obtained to allow any radiograph, photo or data from intra- and extra-oral examinations to be. The examiners were calibrated to recognise and agree on the presence of multiple supernumerary teeth, as well as to identify the teeth, their numbers and the surrounding structures. For this purpose, a series of 300 panoramic radiographs, with and without supernumerary teeth, was obtained from each centre (100 panoramic radiographies each) and examined. Gender, malocclusion, number of supernumerary premolars, distribution, location, position (vertical, horizontal, inverted, mesio-angular), surgical approach, and related complications (pain, cystic changes, root resorption, or eruption disturbance of adjacent teeth) were recorded. The intra-observer reliability related to the cephalometric analysis was assessed by calculating intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC)
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