Successful Theory Research Articles

Scientific Realism and Anti-Realism Through the Lens of Sunnī Divine Action Models

ABSTRACT Scientific realism and anti-realism, in various forms, frame many philosophical discussions about what constitutes a successful scientific theory. This paper explores this within an Islamic framework by examining the Sunnī theological tradition's various divine action models (DAMs) for their possible impact upon the theological reception of scientific realism and anti-realism, concluding that the tradition would be committed to an agnostic stance on the question. This enables the tradition to remain relevant to a broad spectrum of future scientific developments and changing intellectual currents.

Sustainability in Project Management and Project Success with Virtual Teams: A Quantitative Analysis Considering Stakeholder Engagement and Knowledge Management

Project success is crucial for businesses, but the impact of virtual teams on it is still not fully understood. The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has led to the widespread adoption of virtual environment solutions to support geographically dispersed project teams. The growth in the use of virtual or hybrid teams in projects is expected to continue, as it presents an irreversible trend. Furthermore, there has been a significant increase in interest in sustainability in project management in recent years, emphasizing the long-term perspective for project success. To address this gap and contribute to the project success theory, a quantitative study was conducted to examine the impact of stakeholder engagement, knowledge management, and sustainable practices in project management on project success in virtual work environments using structural equation modeling. Experienced Portuguese-speaking project management professionals were surveyed. No evidence was found to support the moderating role of virtual teams, concluding that the virtual nature of a team does not diminish stakeholder engagement, knowledge-sharing, or sustainability in project management and its influence on project success. This study provides valuable insights for enhancing project success in virtual work environments, as it is the first of its kind to quantitatively address the sustainable long-term approach of project success in virtual environments.

The Influence of the Information System Success Model and Theory of Planned Behavior on the Zoom Application Used by Elementary Education Teachers

The study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Influence of Information System Success to understand how users respond to the technology used for teaching and learning. The study intends to look at the relationship between the Information System Success model and Theory of Planned Behavior variables on utilizing the Zoom application by elementary education teachers, as well as how teachers’ satisfaction and intention to use technology affect the usage of technology. The primary approach for gathering data involved distributing the Influence of Information System Success model and Theory of Planned Behavior theories questionnaire survey to teachers in elementary education. A total of 219 elementary school teachers in Saudi Arabia who prepared for their online classes participated in the survey for this research. According to the study’s findings, behavioral intentions for using Zoom for educational purposes and user satisfaction have a strong positive association. Additionally, there is a strong association between other variables and users’ intention to use and satisfaction with the product (i.e., perceived technology fit, educational system quality, information quality, attitude towards using Zoom in elementary education, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm). The findings also show that data points are favorably connected with the teachers’ satisfaction and intention for using the Zoom factors of the Information System Success model and Theory of Planned Behavior theories, despite the fact that there is no connection between both the attitudes towards utilizing Zoom and the behavioral intention to use Zoom for teaching elementary education students.

Composite Fermions QED Lagrangian Density in Fractional Formulation

Quantum electrodynamics (QED) is a highly precise and successful theory that describes the interaction between electrically charged particles and electromagnetic radiation. It is an integral part of the Standard Model of particle physics and provides a theoretical basis for explaining a wide range of physical phenomena, including the behavior of atoms, molecules, and materials. In this work, the Lagrangian density of Composite Fermions in QED has been expressed in a fractional form using the Riemann‑Liouville fractional derivative. The fractional Euler-Lagrange and fractional Hamiltonian equations, derived from the fractional form of the Lagrangian density, were also obtained. When α is set to 1, the conventional mathematical equations are restored.

Self-Organization and Genomic Causality in Models of Morphogenesis.

The debate about what causes the generation of form and structure in embryological development goes back to antiquity. Most recently, it has focused on the divergent views as to whether the generation of patterns and form in development is a largely self-organized process or is mainly determined by the genome, in particular, complex developmental gene regulatory processes. This paper presents and analyzes pertinent models of pattern formation and form generation in a developing organism in the past and the present, with a special emphasis on Alan Turing's 1952 reaction-diffusion model. I first draw attention to the fact that Turing's paper remained, at first, without a noticeable impact on the community of biologists because purely physical-chemical models were unable to explain embryological development and often also simple repetitive patterns. I then show that from the year 2000 and onwards, Turing's 1952 paper was increasingly cited also by biologists. The model was updated to include gene products and now seemed able to account for the generation of biological patterns, though discrepancies between models and biological reality remained. I then point out Eric Davidson's successful theory of early embryogenesis based on gene-regulatory network analysis and its mathematical modeling that not only was able to provide a mechanistic and causal explanation for gene regulatory events controlling developmental cell fate specification but, unlike reaction-diffusion models, also addressed the effects of evolution and organisms' longstanding developmental and species stability. The paper concludes with an outlook on further developments of the gene regulatory network model.

Effective f(R) Actions for Modified Loop Quantum Cosmologies via Order Reduction

General Relativity is an extremely successful theory, at least for weak gravitational fields; however, it breaks down at very high energies, such as in correspondence to the initial singularity. Quantum Gravity is expected to provide more physical insights in relation to this open question. Indeed, one alternative scenario to the Big Bang, that manages to completely avoid the singularity, is offered by Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC), which predicts that the Universe undergoes a collapse to an expansion through a bounce. In this work, we use metric f(R) gravity to reproduce the modified Friedmann equations which have been obtained in the context of modified loop quantum cosmologies. To achieve this, we apply an order reduction method to the f(R) field equations, and obtain covariant effective actions that lead to a bounce, for specific models of modified LQC, considering a massless scalar field.

Gray area between policy success and failure: Assessing the degree of success of Law Number 7 of 2016 in the salt industrialization program in West Nusa Tenggara Province

Salt problems in Indonesia are quite complex and persistent, including reliance on imports, low quality, poor trade administration, and high costs. The central government has issued a policy that protects salt farmers, regulates salt imports, and implements the PUGaR program. The NTB Provincial Government as the fourth largest contributor to salt production in Indonesia has a Salt Industrialization Program policy. This article analyzed the existing policies for overcoming the problems and achieving the expected results. Using a descriptive qualitative research method with Policy Success theory proposed by Allan McConnell as its analytical tool, this article examines the success/failure of salt policy from the process, program, and political dimensions, as well as the level of success using the degree of policy success/failure. The results of the study showed that the criterion for maintaining policy objectives/instruments and policy legitimacy on the process dimension is included in tolerable failure because there is still a failure to maintain objectives and legitimacy even though it is not significant. The criterion for building a sustainable coalition is included in conflicted failures because it has not involved all stakeholders in policy formulation. In the program dimension, the criteria for implementation that is aligned with objectives, achieving the expected outcomes, and providing benefits for the target group are included in the conflicted failure category because there are balanced conditions between success and failure. Meanwhile, the political dimension cannot be measured because it still receives minimal public attention.

A design strategy for Geo AR mobile game sustainable success emphasizing game completeness

Current geolocation-based augmented reality mobile games lost more than 90% of their active users compared to the peak volume, threatening their sustainable success. Calls for making this type of game “complete” have been made in the literature. This paper uses the grounded theory approach to investigate a unique game, Pokémon GO, which attains its sustainable success to find a general pattern. First, key game design changes of Pokémon GO are identified in the nearly five-year history of this game. Second, relationships between various system updates, design components in the game, and the active user level change are identified. Third, a theory of sustainable success is proposed based on the relationships identified. Finally, the “complete game strategy” has been proposed and detailed for game designers’ consideration.

Psychometric analysis of Integrated Digital Library User Success (IDLUS) Scale in academic digital library environment

Purpose The purpose of this study is to execute the application of confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modeling, to investigate the reliability and validity of the proposed integrated digital library user success (IDLUS) scale in academic digital library computing information system in the area of information management and systems. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzed 355 valid responses (MPhil and PhD) from the largest and oldest public sector university in Pakistan. Sample selection was calculated through a stratified random sampling technique from the four faculties of the University of the Punjab. The instrument was constructed based on the available two digital library and information system success models. The first model is Jung’s (1997) digital library user success model that is further composed of flow model (1977), end user computing satisfaction model (1987) and Joshi’s overall user satisfaction model (1990). Similarly, the second model is DeLone and McLean’s reformulated information system success (2003) theory. The question items used a five-point Likert scale and executed regression weights, standardized regression weights, convergent validity, variance extracted, construct reliability and discriminant validity to infer results. Findings Findings show that the IDLUS scale has excellent validity and reliability estimates. Research limitations/implications The study has theoretical implications for researchers and practical implications for information system developers. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this scale is the first-ever effort to measure the digital library user success in the context of Higher Education Commission-National Digital Library of Pakistan. Therefore, there was a dire need to conduct the psychometric analysis of the scale to examine the model fit statistics on the current sample in the particular cultural norms. Scale is based upon human factors taken from various Web success and information system success models from the fields of human–computer interaction information systems and computer-mediated communication.

Sternberg의 성공지능 이론과 연계한 유아수학교육 프로그램 효과 검증

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of early childhood mathematics education program in connection with Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence on the mathematical ability, creativity, and creative problem-solving ability of young children. Methods Seventy six 5-year-old children were selected as research subjects at two kindergartens located in Seoul. Differences between the groups were investigated by dividing them into experimental and control groups. The difference between the groups was verified after applying the program of early childhood mathematics education linked to the Sternberg successful intelligence theory to the experimental group over 10 weeks. Results To verify the effectiveness of the program, t-verification and multivariate analysis (MANOVA) were performed using the SPSS 24.0 program. There were differences in the mathematical ability, creativity, and creative problem-solving ability of young children between the experimental and control groups. Conclusions The early childhood math education program based on the theory of successful intelligence is suitable for 5-year-old children and has a positive effect on mathematical ability, creativity, and creative problem-solving ability. The experimental group young children. who participated in the program improved their mathematical ability and their sub-areas, algebra, number and computation, geometry, and measurement compared to the control group young children. In addition, creativity was significantly improved, and sub-areas of fluency, originality, abstraction of titles, and resistance to early closure were improved. Creative problem-solving skills and plans for understanding problems, generating ideas, and acting, which are sub-factors have all improved.

Conceptual diagrams in Quantum Mechanics

AbstractQuantum Mechanics (QM) stands alone as a (very) successful physical theory, but the meaning of its variables and the status of many quantities in the mathematical formalism is obscure. This unique situation prompted the need for attribution of a physical meaning to the latter, a procedure known as interpretation. On the other hand, the study of QM is usually presented, even to future scientists, within the only framework developed by Bohr and the Copenhagen researchers, known as the Copenhagen interpretation. As a contribution to the understanding and teaching of Quantum Mechanics, aimed to a broader and deeper appreciation of its fundamentals, including contemplating alternatives and updated interpretations for physicists and philosophers interested in the study of exact sciences (through Ontology, Epistemology, Logic or the Theory of Knowledge), we present a set of Conceptual Diagrams elaborated and designed to expose and facilitate the visualization of elements intervening in any interpretation of Quantum Mechanics and apply them to several well‐developed cases of the latter.

A Conceptual Paper on Characteristics of Successful Asnafpreneur in Malaysia

This conceptual paper is presented with the intention to study the characteristics of a successful asnafpreneur specifically at south states of Malaysia. It started by reviewing the past literature on the features of successful asnafpreneur, business person or source that contribute in someone’s career to bloom. The basis study's foundation was a hypothesis of past successful business person theory. The lack of growth in successful asnafpreneurs and the advancement of technology for asnaf issues in Malaysia are the driving forces behind this study. The novel in these studies is that researcher study the similarities in 4 south states in Malaysia. Other past study only focusses on 1 state or at least 2 states. The discoveries could benefit today's body of knowledge.

Understanding the Voter Data Information System (SIDALIH): The Need for Sustainable Voter Data Accuracy (DPB) Ahead of the 2024 General Election

This study discusses the integration of technology in the form of a voter data information system application (Sidalih) by the KPU, which focuses on continuous voter data accuracy (DPB). The use of the Sidalih application is considered sufficient to help the KPU in its work, but for the 2024 election, the Sidalih-DPB application is not certain to be used due to inadequate regulations. This study aims to understand the role of Sidalih in increasing the accuracy of sustainable voter data ahead of the 2024 General Election in Indonesia. The successful implementation theory of the Merilee S Grindle model with content parameters and policy context becomes an instrument in exploring the function of Sidalih. The research was conducted at KPU Riau with a case study approach since this application was used in the process of voter data accuracy. The results of the study indicate that Sidalih is an application that is very helpful for realizing voter data that is accurate and quite effective. Sidalih serves to verify continuous voter data before and during the stage of updating voter data. However, Sidalih needs to get political support from policymakers to be used sustainably.
 Keywords: voter data information system, Sidalih, data update, KPU, election, Indonesia

Editors’ notes

New Directions for Student ServicesVolume 2023, Issue 181 p. 5-6 EDITORIAL Editors’ notes Lucy A. LePeau, Lucy A. LePeauSearch for more papers by this authorSamuel D. Museus, Samuel D. MuseusSearch for more papers by this author Lucy A. LePeau, Lucy A. LePeauSearch for more papers by this authorSamuel D. Museus, Samuel D. MuseusSearch for more papers by this author First published: 21 June 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.20457Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES Jayakumar, U. M., & Museus, S. D. (2012). Mapping the intersection of campus cultures and equitable outcomes among racially diverse student populations. In S. D. Museus & U. M. Jayakumar (Eds.), Creating campus cultures: Fostering success among racially diverse student populations (pp. 1– 27). Routledge. Kuh, G. D. (2008). High-impact educational practices: What they are, who has access to them, and why they matter: Association of American Colleges and Universities. Museus, S. D. (2014). The Culturally Engaging Campus Environments (CECE) Model: A new theory of college success among racially diverse student populations. In M. B. Paulsen (Ed.), Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research (Vol. 29, pp. 189– 227). Springer. Museus, S. D., Chang, T., & Zilvinskis, J. (2020). Merging cultural diversity and academic quality to (re)envision 21st century college campuses: The promise and power of culturally relevant high-impact practices in promoting racial equity in higher education. In C. B. Newman, C. S. Platt, A. A. Hilton, & B. Hinnant-Crawford (Eds.), Multicultural education in the 21st century: Innovative research and practices. Information Age Publishing. National Center for Education Statistics (2017). Graduation rate from first institution attended for first-time, full-time bachelor's degree-seeking students at 4-year postsecondary institutions, by race/ethnicity, time to completion, sex, control of institution, and acceptance rate: Selected cohort entry years, 1996 through 2008. Author. Volume2023, Issue181Special Issue: The Role of Culture and Identity in Making Practices High ImpactSpring 2023Pages 5-6 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Equations of Motion for Charged Spinning Fluid in Bi-metric Type Theories of Gravity

The General theory of relativity is one of the most successful theories ofgravity. Despite its successful applications, it has some difficulties in examiningthe behaviour of particles precisely in strong gravitational fields. Bi-metric typetheories of gravity are classified as alternative theories of gravity that describingsuch strong gravitational fields, such as the gravitational field formed at the coreof our galaxy. In order to obtain the equations of motion for spinning fluids, weuse the Weyssenhoff tensor to express the spin fluid. The equations of motion forspinning fluids are derived using Euler-Lagrange equation. We present theequations of motion for spinning fluids and their corresponding spin deviationequations in some classes of Bi-metric type theories. Also, we obtain equationsof motion for spinning fluids and their corresponding spin deviation for avariable mass. Moreover, we extend our study to examine the status of motionfor spinning charged fluids and their corresponding spin deviation equations.

A deductive variation on the no miracles argument

The traditional No-Miracles Argument (TNMA) asserts that the novel predictive success of science would be a miracle, and thus too implausible to believe, if successful theories were not at least approximately true. The TNMA has come under fire in multiple ways, challenging each of its premises and its general argumentative structure. While the TNMA relies on explaining novel predictive success via the truth of the theories, we put forth a deductive version of the No-Miracles argument (DNMA) that avoids inference to the best explanation entirely. Instead, a relatively simple empirical framework and a probabilistic analysis can accomplish the ambitious goals of the TNMA while entirely sidestepping its problems. This close-but-distinct argument has many independent strengths and comparatively few weaknesses. Indeed, objections tailored specifically to the DNMA reveal surprising insights into how exactly NMAs are neither circular nor question-begging, as has been widely speculated.

Where Does General Relativity Break Down?

AbstractIt is widely accepted by physicists and philosophers of physics alike that there are certain contexts in which general relativity will “break down.” In such cases, one expects to need some as-yet-undiscovered successor theory. This article discusses certain pathologies of general relativity that might be taken to signal that the theory is breaking down and considers how one might expect a successor theory to do better. The upshot is an unconventional interpretation of the “strong cosmic censorship hypothesis.”

Autonomous Quantum Devices: When Are They Realizable without Additional Thermodynamic Costs?

The resource theory of quantum thermodynamics has been a very successful theory and has generated much follow-up work in the community. It requires energy-preserving unitary operations to be implemented over a system, bath, and catalyst as part of its paradigm. So far, such unitary operations have been considered a "free" resource in the theory. However, this is only an idealization of a necessarily inexact process. Here, we include an additional auxiliary control system which can autonomously implement the unitary by turning an interaction "on or off". However, the control system will inevitably be degraded by the backaction caused by the implementation of the unitary. We derive conditions on the quality of the control device so that the laws of thermodynamics do not change and prove - by utilizing a good quantum clock - that the laws of quantum mechanics allow the backreaction to be small enough so that these conditions are satisfiable. Our inclusion of nonidealized control into the resource framework also raises interesting prospects, which were absent when considering idealized control. Among other things, the emergence of a third law without the need for the assumption of a light cone. Our results and framework unify the field of autonomous thermal machines with the thermodynamic quantum resource-theoretic one, and lay the groundwork for all quantum processing devices to be unified with fully autonomous machines.

Religious Engagement and Successful Aging among Korean Older Adults

The rate of aging is growing faster than ever. The global society must prepare adequate measures to support this imminent change. Following this social trend, research has been conducted on the quality of life of the aging population in a different fields, including gerontology. Since the idea of successful aging was conceptualised, research on the quality of life of older adults has been actively conducted. The current study aims to contribute to the aging research field by adding a factor (religious engagement) to Rowe and Kahn’s model. We utilized the longitudinal design to examine the longstanding effect of demographic, physical, social, psychological, and religious factors on life satisfaction among older Korean adults (N = 4013). Hierarchical regression analyses were employed to understand how these factors influence older adults’ life satisfaction in a nationally representative sample. Study findings indicated (a) after controlling for demographic background, all subdimensions of physical, social, psychological, and religious factors exerted a significant effect on later life satisfaction; (b) the final model showed that highly educated, regular exercise, frequent meeting with friends and family, less depressed, feeling less lonely, and higher religious engagement ultimately affected the subsequent life satisfaction of Korean older adults; (c) among different variables, psychological health and religious engagement were found to be crucial factors. The findings confirm the explanatory power of successful aging theory while providing empirical evidence that religious engagement may be an additional factor contributing to enhancing the life satisfaction of older adults.

On the efficient global dynamics of Newton’s method for complex polynomials

We investigate Newton’s method as a root finder for complex polynomials of arbitrary degrees. While polynomial root finding continues to be one of the fundamental tasks of computing, with essential use in all areas of theoretical mathematics, numerics, computer graphics and physics, known methods may have excellent theoretical complexity but cannot be used in practice, or are practically efficient but lack a successful theory behind them. We provide precise and strong upper bounds for the theoretical complexity of Newton’s method and show that it is near-optimal with respect to the known set of starting points that find all roots. This theoretical result is complemented by a recent implementation of Newton’s method that finds all roots of various polynomials of degree more than a billion, significantly faster than our upper bounds on the complexity indicate, and often much faster than established fast root finders. Newton’s method thus stands out as a method that has strong merits both from the theoretical and from the practical point of view. Our study is based on the known explicit set of universal starting points, for each degree d, that are guaranteed to find all roots of polynomials of degree d (appropriately normalized). We show that this set contains d points that converge very quickly to the d roots: the expected total number of Newton iterations required to find all d roots with precision ɛ is , which can be further improved to . The key argument shows that many root finding orbits are ‘R-central’ in the sense that they stay forever in a disk of radius R, and each iteration ‘uses up’ an explicit amount of area within this disk.