Subordinate Components Research Articles

Magmatic and sedimentological arguments for an Ediacaran active margin in the Bayankhongor Zone in western Mongolia, Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Geochronological and geochemical investigation of the magmatic and sedimentary rocks from the south-eastern tip of the Bayankhongor Zone (central Mongolia) constrains the Neoproterozoic evolution of the northern margin of the Baidrag Block. There, ultramafic to felsic igneous rocks of the Khan-Uul Massif intruded the volcano-sedimentary sequence of the Ulziit Gol Unit. U–Pb zircon ages show that both the plutonic and volcanic rocks were coeval products of the same Ediacaran (598–564 Ma) magmatism. Most of the samples have low contents of high field strength elements typical of arc-related magmas; however, some mafic rock samples display N-MORB-like chemistry. Magmatic rocks in the Khan-Uul Massif and Ulziit Gol Unit yielded exclusively positive initial εHf in zircon values (+4.9 to +13.8), implying derivation from depleted-mantle sources. Furthermore, heterogeneity of the whole-rock initial εNd values (–4.0 to +2.1) documents that fractional crystallization was accompanied by variable crustal contamination. The detrital zircon age patterns of the sandstone and tuffites in the Ulziit Gol Unit indicate that the sequence was filled dominantly by Ediacaran magmatic detritus derived from the Khan-Uul Massif and its volcanic equivalents, while the older cratonic material from the Baidrag basement represented only a subordinate component. Combined magmatic and sedimentary records imply that both the Khan-Uul Massif and the Ulziit Gol Unit may have formed in the same back-arc basin environment. This challenges the previous view that the entire Bayankhongor Zone was ophiolitic in nature. Distribution of coeval Ediacaran supra-subduction systems on the scale of the Mongolian Collage indicates the closure of multiple oceanic basins rimming the Siberian Continent. Following Rodinia break-up, this peri-Siberian realm was presumably formed by sub-parallel continental ribbons and oceanic basins. It is proposed that the amalgamation of these blocks and closure of intervening oceans reflected the Ediacaran advancing mode of the Palaeo-Pacific subduction.

The emergence of rich complex dynamics in a spatial dyadic game with resource storage, participation cost, and agent interaction propensity

We present an evolutionary game model combining subordinate elements from several viewpoints to address whether a resource-storing mechanism promotes a society where the wealthy engage in or refrain from conflict. The model is based on the pairwise game, which incorporates the accumulation of payoffs over time and introduces the concept of participation probability based on wealthiness. Our study encompasses four distinct game classes: Prisoner's Dilemma, Trivial, Stag Hunt, and Chicken. By incorporating these diverse social dilemma structures, we strive to comprehensively understand the dynamics within different game scenarios. Additionally, we broaden the scope of our analysis by considering two network types: a regular lattice network and a Barabasi-Albert scale-free (BA-SF) graph. Through simulation results, we have discovered that the commonly held belief or human philosophical wisdom that “the wealthy do not fight” leads to the emergence of a cooperative society, depending on the intensity of the dilemma. In contrast, our findings strongly suggest that the prevailing notion of “the wealthy do fight” fosters an imbalanced exploitation-based society where defectors who exploit the poor cooperators thrive. Further analysis shows variations in beliefs and dynamics between cooperators and defectors, highlighting the emergence of social dilemmas and the impact of payoff storage. Our result reported here proves that the proposed model based on a minimal spatial game setting by 2-player & 2-strategy game just added several subordinate components can reproduce rich, complex scenarios likely observed in a real human society.

Towards Gesture-Based Cooperation with Cargo Handling Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

This work provides the fundament for a gesture-based interaction system between cargo-handling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground personnel. It enables novice operators to visually communicate commands with higher abstractions through a minimum number of necessary gestures. The interaction concept intends to transfer two goal-directed control techniques to a cargo-handling use case: Selecting objects via deictic pointing communicates intention and a single proxy manipulation gesture controls the UAV’s flight. A visual processing pipeline built around an RGB-D sensor is presented and its subordinate components like lightweight object detectors and human pose estimation methods are benchmarked on the UAV-Human dataset. The results provide an overview of suitable methods for 3D gesture-based human drone interaction. A first unoptimized model ensemble runs with 7 Hz on a Jetson Orin AGX Developer Kit.

Paleocene A-type igneous suites in the Sikhote-Alin (the East Asian continental margin): Petrological, geochronological, isotopic, and geodynamic constraints

Global geodynamic reconstruction models of the Pacific margin of Asia refer to materials collected throughout Japan, Korea and northeastern China, but they lack data on southern Sikhote-Alin. Therewith, the Sikhote-Alin orogenic belt (NE Asia) constituted a single eastern margin of the paleo-Asian continent with the abovementioned territories in the Paleocene. New isotopic, geochemical, and geochronological data show that Paleocene igneous activity (∼61–55 Ma) is widely developed in southern Sikhote-Alin. Bulk rock compositions of the igneous rocks of this period yield ferroan, peraluminous, calc-alkaline to alkaline affinities, highly abundant LILE and HFSE (with pronounced Ba, Sr, Eu, and Ti negative anomalies) and depleted HREE. The initial melts, displaying Zr + Y + Ce + Nb > 350 ppm and 10,000 × Ga/Al > 2.6, derived from an OIB-like mantle source crystallised under fairly reducing conditions (below FMQ buffer), and yield high temperature of zircon saturation (>850 °C), indicating typical A-type granite and related volcanic rock features. It is logical to associate variations in A-type rock geochemical composition with an enrichment of the upper part of the magma chamber with fluid-mobile components involving a redistribution of major and trace elements through fluid-magmatic differentiation. Strong depletion in Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Eu in the A-type rocks is caused by an outflow of these elements by an oxidizing, initially reduced, acidic fluid beyond the zone of magma generation. Whole-rock Sr-Nd isotope data argue for the generation of the A-type rocks by melting of dominantly a juvenile mantle component with a subordinate component of the ancient crust. Isotope variations of igneous rocks of the reference area: 87Sr/86Sr(t) (0.7024–0.7118), εNd(t) (−0.9 to −5.1) and TDM2 (934–1277 Ma), result from the mixing of the OIB-like mantle source with selective melts or from the metapelite contamination of the Samarka terrane accretionary prism and of the Zhuravlevka-Amur turbidite basin, later followed by fluid-magmatic differentiation that led to the formation of anatectic or hybrid melts. We further suggest that the origin of the A-type granites and related volcanic rocks is the result of the oblique interaction of oceanic and continental plates. This interaction accounts for the simultaneous formation of tears in the slab, enabling sub-slab asthenospheric upwelling, and strike-slip fault-related extensional structures in the overriding continental plate.

Tungsten mineralization formed by single-pulsed magmatic fluid: Evidence from wolframite-hosted fluid inclusion from the giant Dajishan “five floor” style W-polymetallic deposit

The giant Dajishan W-polymetallic deposit, located in the Nanling metallogenic belt, is a typical steeply dipping wolframite-quartz vein-type deposit. From top to bottom, the W ore grade is highest in the middle and decreases towards both ends. In No. 23 wolframite-quartz vein of the north group, the thickness of the veins increases from 0.1 ∼ 0.2 m thick in the 517 m level to a maximum of 0.6 ∼ 2.0 m in the 267 m level. According to the “Five Floor” prospecting model, the No. 23 vein corresponds to veinlet (517 m), moderate vein (467 ∼ 417 m), and thick vein zones (367 m ∼ 267 m). Primary wolframite-hosted fluid inclusions show homogenization temperatures display a slight but explicit decrease by about 20 °C in average from bottom to top, recording the essential fluid cooling process. The phase ratios (20 to 30 vol% vapor proportions) and salinities (6.3 to 10.0 wt% NaCl equiv.) are constant at all levels, indicating that neither meteoric water mixing nor fluid boiling/immiscibility is obvious during wolframite formation. The fluids contain NaCl and KCl as major salts, B as the subordinate component, with trace elements including Li, Rb, Cs, Zn, Pb, etc. The significant narrow ranges of K/Na (0.296 to 0.664), Rb/Na (0.008 to 0.018), and Cs/Na ratios (0.032 to 0.076) illustrate that wolframite ore-forming fluids come from the initial fluids derived from a highly-evolved granitic magma. In major host metasandstone, muscovitization and tourmalinization lead to the release of Na, B, and Al from the fluid into the wall rock, and liberation of Fe from the wall rock into the fluid. Wall rock composition data show that muscovitization is the main mechanism of changes in Fe contents. Preliminary calculations indicate that fluid-rock interaction may contributes minor iron to the ore-forming fluids. Combining these results, we support that “Five Floor” style W mineralization in Dajishan is formed by a single-pulsed magmatic fluid. The vertical zonation of vein thickness and ore grade in the “Five Floor” model is predominately controlled by temperature, pressure, and local tectonic regime, but it is less dependent on the fluid chemical composition.

Cut and Forward: Safe and Secure Communication for FPGA System on Chips

Modern FPGA system on chips uses complex multimanager, multisubordinate on-chip communication networks. Processor cores, hardware accelerators, DMA engines, and other manager components actively access subordinate components like off-chip DRAM, on-chip memories, caches, and I/Os. On-chip communication networks are designed for high bandwidth and low latency. They use simple, fast transactions that largely assumes the managers cooperate. For example, it does not describe default mechanisms to ensure the safe behaviors of the managers using the on-chip interconnect. This lack of specification can lead to unpredictable behaviors: a single misbehaving, misconfigured, or malicious component can cause denial of service of shared resources. Clearly, this issue is critical in systems with safety and security constraints. Cut and forward is a novel switching method for multicomponent communication architectures on FPGA systems on chips (SoCs). Cut and forward leverages the programmability of FPGA SoCs to enable safe and secure bus access and is carefully designed to minimize its impact on performance and resource usage. Experiments show that Cut and forward ensures safety and security in realistic applications deployed on a commercial FPGA SoC from Xilinx including a popular deep neural network accelerator.

Characterization and classification of the microporosity in the unconventional carbonate reservoirs: A case study from Hanifa Formation, Jafurah Basin, Saudi Arabia

Formation porosity is a key factor that exerts substantial control upon reserve estimates, and ultimately may affect the development viability of unconventional resources. Microporosity studies have largely focused on siliciclastic mudstones, with limited examples that assess porosity type and distribution in organic-rich calcareous mudstone successions. In this work, a comprehensive porosity characterization study was performed on the organic-rich carbonate-dominated Hanifa Formation of the Jafurah Basin, which is the largest unconventional basin in Saudi Arabia. An extensive experimental program, involving petrographical description, SEM analysis, mineralogical analysis using XRD and QEMSCAN, and geochemistry analysis was employed in order to characterize the samples and analyze the geological origins of the microporosity. The main constituent minerals in this study are calcite (87 wt%) and anhydrite (9 wt%), as well as <1 wt% quartz, illite, pyrite, and dolomite. Total organic carbon reaches up to 5.46 wt %, yielding 5.09 mg HC/g rock (S2), while the free hydrocarbon content (S1) is 5.36 mg/g rock. Type II kerogens characterize the rock samples, and the thermal maturity index is 1.28. The microporosity in Hanifa Formation can be classified into three groups, including framework, solid bitumen, and intraparticle pores. Framework porosity is observed as the main type of microporosity, with solid bitumen representing a subordinate component of the overall porosity. Sheltered pores are also encountered associated with coccoliths tests deposited within the pelagic sediments. Higher degrees of thermal maturity of these sedimentary rocks increase the storage space for the generated hydrocarbon hosted in the solid bitumen. This study introduces an under-explored category of unconventional resources, nominally those that have a carbonate content >85%. Fundamentally, the findings of this study demonstrate that the Hanifa Formation in the Jafurah Basin has the potential for gas exploration and recovery.

Grain assemblages and diagenesis in Ordovician-Silurian transition shale deposits of the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China

• Grain assemblages in shale establish a key starting condition for diagenetic pathway. • There are four origins of quartz and two origins of organic matter in marine shale. • Cementation and mechanical compaction make a significant reduction of porosity. • Shale with different lithfacies has differences in pore types. • Authigenic quartz cementation made porosity reduction but enhanced the brittleness . This paper considers possible impacts of mineralogy and organic matter contents and assemblages on the diagenetic history, pore structure, and brittleness of the Ordovician-Silurian Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation (Northwestern Hunan, upper Yangtze Platform) of South China. Multiple analytical approaches, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, and X-ray mapping, were utilized to identify favorable shale gas intervals. Analyzed shale samples of the Wufeng-Longmaxi succession are dominated by such extrabasinal components as quartz, K-feldspar, albite, lithic fragments, and K-rich and Mg-rich clay minerals. Subordinate components include siliceous tests and organic particles. Authigenic minerals present as grain replacements and pore-fillings include quartz, illite, pyrite, and carbonate minerals. Depositional and diagenetic organic matter, which are discriminated petrographically, are present in the studied deposits. Wufeng Formation samples are enriched in organic matter (mainly of diagenetic origin) and authigenic quartz. The dominant types of porosity of the Wufeng samples include pores hosted by organic particles and interparticle pores between authigenic quartz crystals. The precipitation of authigenic quartz appears to have been the principal means of porosity reduction and enhanced the brittleness of the shale. Analyzed samples of the Longmaxi Formation are dominated by extrabasinal grains and lesser authigenic minerals. Reduction of depositional porosity of these deposits appears to have been largely the result of physical compaction. Thus, extensive authigenic quartz cementation and thermal maturation of organic matter of the Wufeng Formation likely enhanced the reservoir capacity and fracturing ability of these deposits relative to the overlying Longmaxi Formation. This understanding is especially relevant to shale gas exploration and production considerations of organic-rich fine-grained sediments of similar sedimentological background.

Evaluating the Age Distribution of Exposed Crust in the Acasta Gneiss Complex Using Detrital Zircons in Pleistocene Eskers

AbstractThe Acasta Gneiss Complex (AGC) is a ∼2,400 km2 Hadean‐Mesoarchean terrane that contains the oldest known zircon‐bearing rocks on Earth. Despite its importance for early Earth geology, only a small fraction (∼50 km2) of the AGC has been mapped in detail. We use detrital zircon grains from late Pleistocene eskers that transect the Complex to approximate the lateral extent and relative proportions of diverse‐aged ancient rock units within the vast, little‐studied parts of the AGC. The esker sediment was derived from glacially eroded bedrock and therefore zircon grains can serve as a proxy for the ages of exposed bedrock in the study area. U‐Pb dates on ∼2400 detrital zircons from coarse and fine grain‐size fractions along the esker transect yield age distributions that coincide with ages of regionally mapped AGC bedrock, the adjacent Wopmay Orogen, and granitoids of the Slave craton. Based on detrital zircon age distributions and new reconnaissance‐scale mapping, we infer that 3.37 Ga granitoids are a volumetrically significant component of the unmapped AGC. Esker zircons older than 3.7 Ga are present in most esker samples but at low abundance, which suggests that Eoarchean and Hadean rocks are a volumetrically subordinate component of the AGC. However, the data also suggest that unmapped rocks at least as old as 3.95 Ga are present toward the inferred eastern limit of the AGC, a location where Eoarchean rocks have not been recognized previously.

XIX a. pab. – XX pr. dvižodžiai sudėtiniai pavadinimai su pagrindiniu dėmeniu liga ir daiktavardžio kilmininku reiškiamais priklausomaisiais dėmenimis

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Straipsnyje nagrinėjami XIX a. pab. – XX a. pr. populiarinamuosiuose medicinos ir sveikatos tekstuose (knygose, knygelėse, laikraščių ir kalendorių straipsniuose) vartoti dvižodžiai sudėtiniai pavadinimai su pagrindiniu dėmeniu liga ir daiktavardžio kilmininku reiškiamais priklausomaisiais dėmenimis. Aiškinamasi, pagal sąsają su kokiu dalyku priklausomaisiais dėmenimis įvardijami klinikinių sąvokų požymiai, išskiriami tų pavadinimų struktūriniai modeliai ir jų raiškos tipai, nustatomi pavadinimų su skirtingomis pagrindinio dėmens liga raiškos formomis reikšminiai skirtumai, keliamas pagrindinio dėmens liga (ne)būtinumo klausimas. Priklausomaisiais dėmenimis įvardijami klinikinių sąvokų požymiai dažniausiai pagal sąsają su organu, liga ir ligos požymiu. Vyraujantis pavadinimų struktūrinis modelis – NGen ← N, jo raiškos tipai – DKilm ← DLiga, DKilm ← DLigos. Pavadinimais su vienaskaitos formos dėmeniu liga įvardijamos vieninės klinikinės sąvokos, taip pat tie pavadinimai vartojami, kai: neturima omenyje konkreti liga, siekiama atkreipti skaitytojo dėmesį, norima išvengti to paties pavadinimo kartojimo, kontekstas vientisinį pavadinimą leidžia pakeisti sudėtiniu ar kt. Pavadinimais su daugiskaitos formos dėmeniu ligos įvardijamos kuopinės sąvokos (paprastai įvardijamos ligų grupės). Daugelis žmonių ligų anuomet neturėjo tikslių pavadinimų, todėl tekstų autoriai neretai versdavosi sudėtiniais tikslinamojo pobūdžio pavadinimais su dėmeniu liga. Tokiems pavadinimams paplisti įtakos galėjo turėti gyvoji kalba. Neretai pavadinimų su vienaskaitos kilmininku reiškiamu pagrindiniu dėmeniu liga prasminis krūvis tenka priklausomajam dėmeniui, kuris vienas pats tiksliai įvardija klinikinę sąvoką ir vartojamas tekstuose kaip vientisinis terminas, o pagrindinis dėmuo liga yra perteklinis. Tokias tą pačią sąvoką įvardijančias sudėtinio ir vientisinio pavadinimų poras galima traktuoti kaip mišriuosius, bendrašaknius, kontekstinius sinonimus ar trumpuosius ir ilguosius pavadinimų variantus.

ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF CONSTANTITY OF SUPPLY CHAINS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

Industry plays a crucial role in solving current problems, namely: the accelerated development of industry, is a generator of scientific and technological progress and innovation, an important factor in the global competitiveness of national economies and a driver of economic growth. Therefore, increasing attention to the development of industry and industrial policy is one of the main trends in the modern world economy. The purpose of the paper – to analyze the sustainable development of industrial enterprises of Ukraine from the standpoint of security, using a system-structural approach. Methodology. The concept of sustainable development is a management structure that contains a general system view of the ways of transition from the current position of the object of management to the desired, includes the following steps: defining the structure of sustainable development; defining the boundaries of safe existence; identification of the level of sustainability of supply chains; identification of imbalances of sustainable development; to substantiate the methodical approach to estimating the level of sustainability of supply chains of industrial enterprises with the use of economic and mathematical tools; determining the impact of threats and developing institutional measures. The results of the study revealed disparities in sustainable development at the level of economic, social and environmental security of the enterprise, at the level of subordinate components and at the level of indicators that determine the list of major threats, which are calculated indicators of social and economic components of sustainable development. To determine the severity of the impact of threats, the coefficients of elasticity of each component and indicator on the integrated index of sustainable development were calculated and ranked, which is the necessary information for the development of priority measures. Practical implications. The dynamics of deviations of current values of integrated indices from their average optimal values determines the importance of threats to the components of sustainable development. Almost all of these industrial enterprises are characterized by complete neglect of the social status of employees, which inhibits economic growth and makes it impossible to develop domestic demand. Under such conditions, the issue of digitalization of business becomes relevant. The digitalization of business has received considerable attention from both academia and the business community, which define digitalization as a focused effort of companies to actively use digital technologies at all levels to optimize internal processes and modify the overall business model. Value/originality. The obtained strategic guidelines of key macro indicators, which together with the strategic values of indicators are the ultimate goal of sustainable development regulation, which can be monitored through monitoring to monitor the implementation of the Development Strategy and evaluate the policy of enterprise management.

ANALYSIS OF SYNTAGMS IN WORD AND WORD COMBINATION MODEL

The article deals with the tasks of studying the problem of word combinations, studying the syntax of estates and describing word combinations with a subordinate component and combining words in an equal relation characterizing as a combination. The importance of objects of all its directions, related to an integral language system. Keywords: word syntax, minor and major syntax, microsyntagm, combination, word combination with the dependent component, morpheme, phoneme.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МНОГОВАРИАНТНОГО АНАЛИЗА ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ

The work purpose consists in the development of models and control algorithms of distributed transport systems. In the work there is carried out a formalization of control processes in transport systems. The analysis of connection intensities between transport components is analyzed. There is developed a circuit of the multi-choice analysis of space-time information for tie intensities on the efficient interaction of objects. It is shown, in what way a significance of objects of the transport system control center is taken into account. There is developed a circuit for a space-time information analysis according to object significance of the control center during the interaction with subordinate components. &#x0D; The investigation methods: multi-criterion optimization, expert approach, integral estimation, time series. &#x0D; The investigation results and novelty: there are analyzed different tie intensities between constituents in transport systems. A circuit of the multi-choice analysis of space-time information for tie intensities on object efficient interaction is shown, a also a circuit of the multi-choice analysis of space-time information on object significance of the control center during interaction with subordinate components. &#x0D; Conclusions: there are shown peculiarities of space-time information control in transport systems. Three versions of the analysis of control center objects are considered in order to have interaction support with the components of subordinate systems.

Non-microtubule tubulin-based backbone and subordinate components of postsynaptic density lattices.

A purification protocol was developed to identify and analyze the component proteins of a postsynaptic density (PSD) lattice, a core structure of the PSD of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. "Enriched"- and "lean"-type PSD lattices were purified by synaptic plasma membrane treatment to identify the protein components by comprehensive shotgun mass spectrometry and group them into minimum essential cytoskeleton (MEC) and non-MEC components. Tubulin was found to be a major component of the MEC, with non-microtubule tubulin widely distributed on the purified PSD lattice. The presence of tubulin in and around PSDs was verified by post-embedding immunogold labeling EM of cerebral cortex. Non-MEC proteins included various typical scaffold/adaptor PSD proteins and other class PSD proteins. Thus, this study provides a new PSD lattice model consisting of non-microtubule tubulin-based backbone and various non-MEC proteins. Our findings suggest that tubulin is a key component constructing the backbone and that the associated components are essential for the versatile functions of the PSD.

Fracture Kinematics and Holocene Stress Field at the Krafla Rift, Northern Iceland

In the Northern Volcanic Zone of Iceland, the geometry, kinematics and offset amount of the structures that form the active Krafla Rift were studied. This rift is composed of a central volcano and a swarm of extension fractures, normal faults and eruptive fissures, which were mapped and analysed through remote sensing and field techniques. In three areas, across the northern, central and southern part of the rift, detailed measurements were collected by extensive field surveys along the post-Late Glacial Maximum (LGM) extension fractures and normal faults, to reconstruct their strike, opening direction and dilation amount. The geometry and the distribution of all the studied structures suggest a northward propagation of the rift, and an interaction with the Húsavík–Flatey Fault. Although the opening direction at the extension fractures is mostly normal to the general N–S rift orientation (average value N99.5° E), a systematic occurrence of subordinate transcurrent components of motion is noticed. From the measured throw at each normal fault, the heave was calculated, and it was summed together with the net dilation measured at the extension fractures; this has allowed us to assess the stretch ratio of the rift, obtaining a value of 1.003 in the central sector, and 1.001 and 1.002 in the northern and southern part, respectively.

Minerály těžké frakce arkózových pískovců z Tismic u Českého Brodu (perm blanické brázdy, Česká republika)

The heavy mineral concentrate originating from Permian freshwater sandstones/arkoses from the Tismice site (northern part of the Blanice Furrow, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic) was studied in terms of mineral composition and chemical composition of selected phases. Ilmenite, to various degree altered to a TiO2 phase and/or unidentified non-stoichiometric Fe-Ti (hydro)oxides, is the predominating constituent of heavy mineral fraction. Garnet, tourmaline, apatite and baryte are subordinate components. Garnet (with commonly etched “drusy” surface) belongs exclusively to almandine (Alm45-91Prp4-27Sps1-32Grs0-17Adr0-5). Tourmaline has variable chemical composition, but oxy-dravite prevails. Accessory phases include biotite, REE-rich goyazite (Goy45-59Flo29-43Cra11-17Gor0-1), zircon, pyrite, limonite, gahnite (Ghn57-68Hrc21-32Spl7-10Mgt1-2Gal1), staurolite, xenotime and monazite. Baryte and goyazite were likely formed during diagenesis of the host sediments or during later hydrothermal activity. Detrital garnet and tourmaline were probably sourced from the granulites, mica schists and migmatites of the Malín segment of the neighbouring Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex (KHCC). Surprisingly, amphibolites or serpentinites, frequently present in areas of the KHCC more proximal to the Permian sedimentary basin, did not contribute their garnets. We suggest that these areas were not exposed to erosion during the Permian period. Spectacular etching of surface of garnets and pervasive alteration of ilmenite were associated with burial diagenesis of the host sediments.

Systematization and Formalization of Passive Monitoring Data in Accordance with the Component-Functional State of Heat Supply Systems

The article examines the assessment of the state of water and hot heat supply systems of heat and power facilities for innovative and constructive use of thermal energy, with effective use in all areas of these systems: generation, for heating water or for generating steam, transporting it to the consumer, as well as when it is consumer so rich industries. Including the housing and communal complex and the construction industry – for example, a scientific and methodological concept has been created for the implementation of passive monitoring to assess the state of heat supply systems, under the conditions of the initial action, on material flows in them of electromagnetic fields. It has been established that an effective form of reagent-free water preparation in electromagnetic fields is technogenic – the nature of material flows due to the electromagnetic dissociation of their micro particles and the formation of active complexes (due to the interaction between them) is determined. It has been established that as a result of passive monitoring, the systematization and formalization of its data should be carried out taking into account three aspects: engineering - technological, engineering – microbiological and organizational – managerial decisions. It is shown that the passive monitoring system is an obligatory subordinate component of environmental management in the industrial sphere – heat and power facilities of water and steam heat supply systems of an innovative direction. The analysis of the content of the point of view of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, monographs is carried out and joint conclusions are made in the conditions of the illuminated literary material under the following headings: the main economic, environmental and regulatory aspects of nature management; the formation of the biosphere in the conditions of transformation of its individual components; methods of environmental management and environmental policy and the like. In these conditions, the formation of an effective economic mechanism for environmental management is of priority; on the central issue of integral management, it requires clarification – formalization of parameters should be considered effective, which make it possible to clarify a compromise between economic development and environmental safety. It is the economic and environmental analysis of the components of technological processes that makes it possible to establish the limiting factors of development in the system (action – state – improvement) and to determine individual patterns (tendencies) in order to overcome them. The theoretical principles of magnetized water are presented in the works, and the priority level is confirmed by the receipt of three patents of Ukraine for useful action and one copyright certificate for intellectual property, and received support at domestic and foreign conferences. The proposed levers improve integral control in the process of modernizing the technology of non-reagent water treatment (use of electromagnetic fields) at heat and power facilities of rich operating industries and make it impossible to process environmental pollution and save energy costs with effective continuous planning of new facilities. Therefore, through the analysis of the general environmental situation, the technical state of the initial data systems, it is possible to confirm the developed classification and formalization of passive monitoring data, on the use of theoretical foundations in practice – the regulations for industrial implementation, is the basis of the concept of sustainable development.

Влияние дополнительных иерархических уровней на рабочие характеристики распределенных моделей

In designing modern computer equipment and digital electronics, the use of simulation models is of great importance. At first, monolithic models were widely used for this. However, they worked well only when their size was relatively small. Because of it developers began to refuse gradually use of monolithic models and to pass to use of the distributed models allowing to increase their speed and to expand borders of their admissible sizes. At the same time, they begin to pay special attention to hierarchical distributed models, which provide the opportunity to investigate the behavior of the created devices at different levels of detail. Similar models made it possible to noticeably expand the permissible boundaries of their sizes and increase the speed of work. However, such distributed models have the disadvantage that their effectiveness is noticeably dependent not only on the number of components included in their composition, but also on the size of these components. he paper presents the results of a study of the effect of introducing an additional upper hierarchical level on the performance of distributed models based on Petri networks. The use of such a method of modifying distributed models leads to an increase in their speed in a wide range of changes in their sizes. At the same time, the most significant effect achieved in distributed models containing a large number of small components. The maximum speed of the thus modified models can be an order of magnitude higher than that of the non-modified ones. As a result, in addition to the overall increase in the efficiency of the modified hierarchical distributed models, this also led to a significant equalization of the performance of the modified distributed models with subordinate components of different sizes.

Constraints from geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotopic compositions on the origin of Cenozoic volcanic rocks from central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran

Considerable debate persists regarding the petrogenesis of high-alumina basalts (HAB) which are purported to occur exclusively in subduction zones. Major and trace element, mineral chemistry, whole-rock Sr-Nd-Hf-isotopes and zircon U-Pb age data are reported for the Cenozoic Eshtehard HABs, in order to constrain the nature of mantle beneath the central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, and further investigate the mechanism of HABs generation. Eshtehard HABs, chemically akin to those from continental arcs, include basaltic, basaltic andesite, andesitic and dacitic rocks. U-Pb geochronology of zircon yield ages of 47.2 ± 0.6 Ma, 43.9 ± 0.3, and 40.9 ± 0.5 to 39.4 ± 0.9 for basaltic, andesitic and dacitic samples, respectively. Basaltic andesitic dikes intruded into dacitic hosts yield age of ca. 20–18 Ma. εHf(t) values for Eocene zircons display a range variable from −6.4 to +6.5. Miocene zircons have higher εHf(t), ranging between −1.8 and +10.7. The studied rocks are characterized by enrichment in incompatible trace elements and have relatively homogeneous Sr-Nd isotopes. Integrated studies indicate that Eshtehard HABs were derived from the hydrated, dominantly depleted shallow asthenospheric mantle wedge (and possibly also in the lower lithosphere) overlying subducted oceanic lithosphere. Traversing lithospheric mantle and Cadomian crust, and assimilating crustal material while fractionating plagioclase, high-Ca pyroxene, magnetite, and amphibole, the primary melt formed Eshtehard high-alumina, low-Mg# basalts. We hypothesize that ponding of hydrous magma at the base of the crust allowed for further crustal assimilation and fractionation of Ca-pyroxene and magnetite without plagioclase and zircon nucleation; then, ascending magmas through the crust led to crystallization of plagioclase and eventually zircon. We suggest comparatively high water content (rather than high crystallization pressure), up to 4% sediment melt and less than 10% of continental crust materials were involved, as subordinate components, in the petrogenesis of Eshtehard HABs.

Координативна композита в американському спортивному медіадискурсі

Compound words are characterized by semantic and structural motivation due to the components that make up these words. The relationship between the components of compound words is quite complex, as they can change their meaning when creating a compound word. Moreover, there is a process of modification between the components of a compound word, and they themselves are subject to certain grammatical rules. Depending on the combination of components, there are two types of relationships: subordinate and coordinate. In subordinate components, one component semantically affects (modifies) another. Coordinative compound words are formed copulatively (by combining), without the semantic influence of one component on another. Coordinative compound words are primarily formed in colloquial layer of lexes. They are characterized by simple morphological form and semantic accuracy. However, coordinative-type compound words are not frequently used. Components of coordinative compound words evenly share features of a basic component. They may represent a combination of synonyms and antonyms (sour-sweet), parallel notions of synonymic doublets (coach-trainer). Moreover, coordinative compounds of American sports media discourse may be represented by compound words specific only to the aforementioned sphere. These lexical units may be formed with the help of pronouns, numeral, and proper names. A great deal of coordinative-type compound words use numeral to represent quantitative aspects of sports. They are always occasional and are not fixed in dictionaries as quantitative aspects they render may range within physical capacity of athletes and sports. Compound nouns that use proper names as their components always render a type of a match or characteristics of a certain sports event, in which people, whose names are indicated by the components, take part. An algorithm to distinguish coordinative compounds from other types of compound lexical units has been elaborated.