Structure Of Public Administration Research Articles

POLICY INSTRUMENTS FOR POLITICAL CAPACITY : lessons from three infrastructure projects in the Brazilian Amazon

The ongoing debate over development strategies highlights the importance of infrastructure to boost economic and social growth, but several studies have pointed to state capacity deficits to plan and implement infrastructure projects. This paper aim to investigate the construction of policy instruments for political state capacity to implement large hydroelectric plants in the Brazilian Amazon, based on the congruence method to produce evidence of three hydroelectric plants. Data analysis reveals that despite the development and activation os policy instruments in the Brazilian democratic era, these were not enough to produce high levels of political capacity, then state bureaucracies still fail in addressing the demands of vulnerable groups. This can be explained by asymmetrical development of political capacity in the structure of public administration; the use of political capacity instruments in the advanced stages of the policy process; the contestation of the mapped demands from participatory process by state bureaucracies.

Konstytucyjny model pieczy nad zawodami zaufania publicznego

The article presents selected problems concerning custody for persons with professions of public trust. First, attention is drawn to the historical understanding of custody. In the past, custody was perceived as a manifestation of managing administration. The current way of thinking about custody results from the custody model contained in Art. 17 section 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Exercising custody is one of the forms of coercive professional self-governing body activity. Custody is exercised by an entity endowed with administrative power, which is a component of public authorities. The purpose of custody is to protect the public interest, understood primarily as building public trust. The basic factors that build public trust are high professionalism of services, the obligation to maintain professional secrecy, and providing citizens with full information about the service provided. Activities undertaken as part of the exercise of custody serve the purpose of enhancing and protecting public trust. Custody is exercised with regard to persons performing professions of public trust. Such persons remain outside the public administration and perform professional activities on their own account and in their own name. These are private individuals that render specialized services which are important from the point of view of the basic goods of an individual, such as health, property interests or personal rights. Administrative custody is exercised to ensure that the needs of citizens are properly met. The competent professional self-government bodies should ensure the conditions for providing citizens with the best quality services in the field of health care, legal protection, property protection and wherever public safety is concerned. Exercising custody by professional self-governments makes it possible to interfere with authority in socially important activities undertaken by persons outside the structures of public administration.

Legal anomie as a factor in reducing effectiveness of law-making activities

The article investigates the issue of legal anomie through the prism of amendments to the current Russian legislation. It is noted that in critical situations of society development, such changes can be explained both by the need to regulate new social relations and by the development of anomie penetrating into the structure of public administration. The article analyzes characteristic of the subject of legislative initiative through manifestation of legal idealism. The method of comparing the number of amendments introduced to various regulations is applied, which allows to conclude that there is a frequent lack of consistency in legislator’s actions. It is noted that legislation concerning various spheres of legal regulation changes in different ways. Constitutional legislation is given as an example of rational amendments. It is concluded essential to move from periodic changes in the law to scientifically based legal reforms, within the framework of which the amendments to the law should be characterized by consistency and systematicity. The leading role in overcoming destructive processes in the development of domestic legislation is assigned to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that the process of amending legislation and its dynamics has a certain historical connection with the development of legal anomie in society. The different activity in the development of new bills, which is characteristic of different participants in the legislative process, may indicate that the level of anomie is not the same in different authorities and at different levels of public administration. Particular attention is paid to consideration of the specifics of implementing the right of legislative initiative by the representative bodies of the constituents of the Russian Federation. The spread of legal anomie in the legislative process is one of the most dangerous phenomena in the legal system; it has the most destructive impact on the effectiveness of law enforcement and justice.

The Genesis of Systemic Conflicts in the Period of the USSR Collapse and State Formation in the Post-Soviet Period

The object of the study is the genesis of systemic conflicts in the paradigm of the phenomenology of statehood, with its inherent methodological and methodical approaches to the mechanisms of formation and building of the state task, which presupposes the systems of interacting institutions that determine the structure of public administration. The subject of the study is the main trends of statehood formation in modern history, a systemic crisis of administration in the decline period, and the actual trajectory and mechanics of statehood formation in the post-Soviet space and in the world after the collapse of the USSR. Special attention is paid to the analysis of key causes of the emergence of systemic conflicts as a result of differences in content, understanding, and installation of the structure of state building on an operational level without a qualitative legal metric of legitimacy of state-formation. The genesis of systemic conflicts of constitutional and legal regulation in the conditions of the growing scale of global integration, as well as the critical need for an effective supranational level of legal regulation within the framework of a systemically full-fledged international law. The study concludes that due to systemic conflicts, ensuring common understanding, interpretation and application of the guiding principle of the Rule of Law becomes ambiguous and makes the formation of a common unified global legal space impossible. As a result, as an objective consequence, integration processes, in the absence of a systematically organized legal discipline, go into the mode of "self-determination" where the principle Rule of Law based on a system of legal norms on the long term basis, is replaced with a conventional system of situational agreements oriented on the rules of the short-term basis of the current conjecture.

The Kehler Management System®: Integration of External Stakeholders in the Quality Assessments of Municipal Administrations

Abstract Research purpose The Kehler Management System (KMS) is a tool for assessing quality in municipalities. Due to technological advancements, globalisation, greater market dynamics, changing values and demographic change, municipalities find themselves in a complex and dynamic field of tension. The diversity and complexity of these fields of activity and relationship structures continue to increase, making it difficult for municipalities to adapt their processes. However, in the first stage, the focus of KMS was limited to the internal perspective of the municipal administration. This was coherent in terms of an initially necessary reduction of complexity, but in terms of a holistic view, this is insufficient. Following the successful introduction of the KMS for quality assessment in the internal structure of public administration, the concept is being expanded to include the external perspective of stakeholders. The question is: “How can the satisfaction of various stakeholder groups in the municipality be measured in a way that incurs significant participation and produces relevant results for the decision-makers in the municipality?” Design / Methodology / Approach The research design takes the form of a case study and focuses on the municipality of Ottersweier. The basis for developing the external perspective is determining the stakeholder groups interacting with a municipality. Six stakeholder groups are identified: Residents, local businesses, business partners of the administration, capital providers of the administration, civil society actors such as associations, clubs and interest groups, and corporations and institutions under public law, e.g. neighbouring municipalities. In analogy to the KMS's approach to the municipal administration's internal perspective, the first step is identifying impact factors grouped into success clusters. To assess the impact factors, questions relevant to the impact factors are developed. Questionnaires were developed and tested for the stakeholder group of residents, local businesses and clubs. All questionnaires were tested in the Ottersweier community. Findings: The survey brought about significant results that aligned with the staff's experience in the municipality. Local businesses indicated a "General Satisfaction" of 81%. They were especially satisfied with the work of the administration. The impact cluster is considered to be fulfilled. However, 18 companies indicated a willingness to relocate out of the municipality for other reasons. The survey of the clubs showed a high level of satisfaction with the service quality of the municipality for this stakeholder group. The general satisfaction of the clubs was 98%. The evaluation of the residents' views showed that the two impact clusters, "General satisfaction" and "Administration," were above the 80% hurdle. The results for the impact clusters "Municipal Policy" and "Supply and Infrastructure"were noteworthy. Both the survey of residents and local businesses obviously failed to meet the KMS target of 80% effectiveness for these two impact clusters. A closer examination of the detailed questions revealed that both stakeholder groups perceive the same areas as particularly deficient: communication and implementation of the municipal council's mission statement and public transport. Originality / Value / Practical implications In previous surveys of residents in various municipalities without using the KMS, the participation of residents was so low that only limited conclusions could be drawn about the quality of municipal services. Therefore, an attempt was made to keep the number of questions to residents as low as possible to increase the survey's acceptance. The response rate was significantly expanded concerning the number of residents compared to previous surveys. Since two stakeholder groups perceived two areas as deficient independently of each other, "Municipal Policy" and "Supply and Infrastructure", the municipality of Ottersweier must conduct a weakness analysis in order to develop a plan for action to improve the services. Semi-structured, qualitative interviews with residents can be used for this analysis. Also, the motives for local businesses to consider relocation should be investigated in more detail.

Does Context Matter? Governance Models in Local Administration

Purpose: Over the past decades, public administration scholars and practitioners around the world have experimented with various administrative reforms to design governance models suitable to fulfil the tasks of public administration. Amidst this ongoing debate, (at least) three different and competing governance models can be distinguished: New Public Management, New Public Governance, and the (Neo-)Weberian model. Despite each of these models claiming universal legitimacy, specific administrative branches in different administrative systems operate in unique contexts and handle varying tasks. The article delves into the question of whether and to what extent different branches of public administration within the same administrative system adopt global public administration ideas in a similar fashion.Design/Methodology/Approach: The article employs a comparative design to analyse the adoption of global public administration concepts across different administrative branches. Given their shared rigid Weberian tradition but divergent tasks and context, the study uses the German financial and social administrations as examples. The findings are derived from a survey of local agencies.Findings: The study reveals a persistent influence of strong Weberian traditions on the structural and operational makeup of both branches, indicating a significant path dependency in governance understanding. The characteristics of New Public Management and New Public Governance are comparatively more prominent in social than in financial administration, which can be attributed to differences in tasks and relations, especially with political actors.Academic contribution to the field: In addition to supplementing existing detailed analyses of the (non-)success of specific public administration reforms, the study takes a comprehensive view of the long-term development of public administration structure and perception, spanning multiple reforms. While acknowledging the formative influence of administrative tradition on the entire public administration system, the focus is on the nuanced effects of administrative traditions on diverse organisations, encouraging future comparative research.Originality/Significance/Value: In addition to the contribution to the field, our comparative methodology and empirical study makeup show the advantages of concentrating on a minimal number of paradigms that can be delineated as clearly as possible, instead of operationalising public administration reforms with a multitude of (potentially country-specific) indicators. With this approach, we lay the groundwork for the extension of the comparative design to other countries and administrative systems.

Automated Uncertainty: A Research Agenda for Artificial Intelligence in Administrative Decisions

Administrative bodies in the European Union (EU) and its Member States increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to make sense of complex scenarios. However, scholarship and practice have both shown that the adoption of AI in the public sector is accompanied by various risks, such as algorithmic discrimination or lack of oversight over decision-making. This article proposes that analyses of administrative decision-making in the age of AI must account for automated uncertainty, that is, for the uncertainty stemming from using AI in the public sector. Automated uncertainty is closely connected to the technical opacity of AI systems—but, unlike traditional forms of scientific uncertainty, it affects not only the facts but also the very decision-making structures of public administration. As a result, traditional remedies for uncertainty in administrative decision-making do not fully respond to the implications of AI-based automation for the procedural duties governing administrative decision-making. The article accordingly concludes with proposals of how administrative law scholarship can account for automated uncertainty and ensure that the use of AI does not erode the safeguards provided by the legal framework for administrative decision-making.

THE SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE FIELD OF ECOLOGY

Each industry has its own separate structure of public administration. Similarly, there are official structures in the Republic of Kazakhstan, i.e. ministries that oversee various sectors of the country, solve urgent problems and establish direct contact with people. The article analyzes the activities of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources within the framework of these state institutions on the formation of public opinion in the field of ecology. At the same time, the work of the public relations department of the said ministry was studied. In the course of the study, the pages of the ministry in social networks were studied. Analyzing the activities of the public relations department of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the official website and pages in social networks of the specified state structure were analyzed. As sources of research work, we used the official website of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan, pages on social networks (Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, Facebook).

LEGAL BASIS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION IN UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE

The article examines the problems of legal regulation of public administration in Ukraine under martial law. On the basis of legislative acts and scientific works of domestic authors, the current state of public administration and its shortcomings are analyzed. Attention is focused on the factors that affect the efficiency of public administration. Factors that can lead to a crisis in the public administration system have been identified. The general functions of public administration are outlined, the functions performed by public administration during martial law are highlighted. Changes in the structure of public administration during the Russian military aggression are considered. The primary importance of introducing new mechanisms and standards, which are characteristic of the developed countries of the world, into the system of public administration was determined.

Роль инструментов Банка России в современном российском государственном управлении

The present paper examines the political and economic role of the Bank of Russia in the structure of public administration, studying its impact on the country’s economy and the welfare of the population. It argues for the idea that the Bank of Russia’s key rate is used as a tool for achieving domestic policy objectives, such as con-trolling inflation, stimulating economic growth and supporting financial stability. It is noted that the key rate of the Bank of Russia is used by it as a tool to achieve domestic political goals, such as controlling inflation, stimu-lating economic growth and supporting financial stability. As a foreign policy tool, it is a means of soft power, especially in the context of global financial markets, where global actors are largely guided by the actions of the Bank of Russia. The results of the analysis of academic research, theoretical models and practical examples related to the policy of the Bank of Russia and its impact on the country’s economy are presented. In addition, the experience of application of key rate instruments by credit and financial institutions in other countries is also considered. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the results of the study are of great importance for the devel-opment of effective economic policy of the state and making informed decisions in the sphere of monetary policy.

System and structure of public administration

System and structure of public administration

Peculiarities of Kazakhstan and Malaysia in View of the Relationship between State and Religion

The current study analyzed the specifics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Federation of Malaysia keeping in view the relationship between religion and state. For Kazakhstan, which has a multi-confessional and multi-ethnic specificity, it is extremely important to study and examine the experience of other peer countries. In this context, Malaysia, as a multi-confessional and multi-ethnic state, has its own experience in maintaining the relationship between state and religion. Kazakhstan, which has enshrined itself in its constitution as a secular state, has always focused on improving the state's policy on religion, regulating the activities of religious associations in view of democratic requirements and defining the complex aspects of the relationship between state and religion. For Kazakhstan, it is of particular importance to differentiate its model of a secular country dominated by the representatives of Islam. For this purpose, the country chosen for comparison was Malaysia, which has excellent development indicators. The current study determined the specific features of the two countries in the in terms of ethnic and confessional composition, the structure of public administration, religious education, activities of religious associations, interreligious dialogue and tolerance, the fight against religious extremism, and terrorism via historical and comparative analysis.

“Money is not an issue!”: Hospital CFOs’ narratives about handling a sudden shift in managerial focus

The sustained political and managerial focus on cost containment and efficiency in hospitals has been altered by COVID-19-related concerns about public health. Through a novel qualitative study in Denmark, we explore CFOs’ narratives of their experiences during a sudden shift in managerial logic. All of the CFOs describe engagement in key operational procedures and change management that was fostered by the constant search for stability that strongly depended on bottom-up decision-making and flexibility. During this process, the existing competing logics of managerialism and medical professionalism vanished. The CFOs describe new forms of dynamic and collaborative approaches. The possibility of adhering to the core logic of administrative accounting techniques combined with urgency and emotional encounters appears to enable this approach. Thus, we document a moment when well-known opposing logics were suspended by exogenous urgency. This finding suggests possibilities for moving beyond deep-rooted views on established public administration structures and logics. Points for practitioners Financial managers show administrative skills that are useful for public administration changes in both administration and daily operations. These managers appear to have a strong core identity and willingness to dynamically engage with and facilitate acute frontline operational issues. In an emergency situation such as COVID-19, we find co-dependency across subject fields (administration and medical professions) which enables collaborations.

The main indicators of the state program «Digital Kazakhstan»

Digitalization has become an essential aspect of daily life in Kazakhstan, and it is viewed as a critical strategy for promoting and speeding up economic growth in the country. The program "Digital Kazakhstan" focuses on the industrial trajectory of the digital transformation of the economy. The digital transformation involves incorporating digitalization into existing business models and structures to enhance their economic performance in a global market. Digital transformation has had a profound impact not only on the structures of public administration, medicine, and education, but also on numerous large and medium-sized entities within Kazakhstan's business sector. These are a number of enterprises of industry, energy, transport, logistics, agriculture, financial technologies and other areas of entrepreneurial activity. The potential of digitalization offers significant opportunities for the business environment, including access to new markets and channels, innovative technologies, and ideas, and the ability to increase productivity and utilize technical resources more efficiently. Therefore, digitalization can be considered as a new evolutionary step in the industrial transformation of the Kazakhstan economy. The establishment of digital transformation leads to a new era or industrial transformation, allowing businesses to track their activities, increase productivity, expand business strategies and interact with customers in the digital world. In the article, the authors analyze how digitalization affects economic indicators and serves as a measure to evaluate its effectiveness in driving technological advancements in different sectors of the economy.

Applying the Logic of Regionalisation in Minority Studies

This paper aims to highlight why the logic of regionalisation can be applied in minority studies. Overall, the introduction of a regionalised structure benefits minority groups in a country, simply because through decentralisation their voices can be better heard. Two components constitute regionalisation: the strengthening of regional identities within the population, and the political will of the central state to enhance effectivity in public administration. Regionalisation is a concept based on the rediscovery of the necessity of territorial management which is slowly returning to public administration structures all over Europe, but especially in Spain, Italy and France. These three countries are represented in this paper as examples of countries where the status of minorities can be examined through the analysis of the regionalisation process introduced there.

ATIVIDADE DE AUDITORIA INTERNA DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA NO CONTEXTO DA INDÚSTRIA 4.0.

The 4th Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, is being experienced worldwide. This revolution, which presents itself as a paradigm shift, although it originated in private enterprises, impacts all spheres of society, including the Public Administration and the activities developed within its scope, since society is part of this 4th Industrial Revolution, following the drastic changes that Industry 4.0 has been promoting within industries and private businesses. Thus, citizens as rights holders expect public services to be permeated by this new revolution, being relevant to the collectivity to know the level of technological immersion in which the govern-ment structures are, especially the internal audit structures of the public machine that act as tools to support society concerning the defense of the public res. In this sense, this study aims to address the theme of the audit activity developed internally in the Pub-lic Administration structures under the aspect of digital government and Industry 4.0, through the methodological procedure of exploratory nature, under the approach of qualitative nature, collecting data through the techniques of documentary research under which it was raised the relevant legislation on the subject and bibliographic research in which it was selected and re-viewed several works already published in the main bases of scientific research for the founda-tion of this study.

Theoretical and Methodological Basis of Innovative Development of the Region's Industry

In the conditions of transition to innovative economy radical changes in all public administration structures were required for the effective work of industrial enterprises of the region. Only by providing a favorable innovative investment environment and creating an effective mechanism for each industrial enterprise the region was able to get on the path of renewal and development. In the article the regional industrial complex and specifics of its development are described in theory. The stages of formation of theories, which hold a special position in the development of regions are highlighted. The directions of innovative-inertial development of the industrial complex are analyzed. Moreover, foreign experience and development models for the of innovative development of the regional industry are provided in detail. The conclusion presents measures for the establishment of research centers.

The Current State of Information Systems of Public Administration for Solving Security Risks

We focus on the analysis and assessment of the availability of information on crisis situations on the websites of public administration structures. The periods from 2020 to 2022, with their global and regional crisis events, gave us the opportunities to examine how public administration systems are prepared to deal with crisis events. Crisis events that need to be managed on public administration information pages are not only flood, fire, natural disasters, industrial and ecological accidents, but also migration, epidemic, energy crisis, unemployment or labor shortage and the danger of war.

Planowanie strategiczne w zreformowanym samorządzie terytorialnym na Ukrainie. Przykład gromady Herca w obwodzie czerniowieckim

Reforming public administration is a complex and lengthy process, especially in so-called transition countries. Practically, for the first twenty years after regaining independence, Ukraine was only creating the foundations of a decentralized public administration, partially combining Western models and the structures of the Soviet administration that had been functioning for decades. It was only in the second decade of the 2000s that a milestone was made towards a significant reconstruction of the structure and functions of public administration, guided by the standards of Western democracies. The culmination of the process of reforming the public sector was the creation of local government at the community level. Along with the process of creating independent territorial units, a need arose to formulate long-term development plans as the basic instruments of social and economic development policy at the local level. This process in many cases was and is supported by the activity and experience of Polish institutions implementing various projects in Ukraine, the purpose of which is to develop a development strategy for territorial units. The aim of this article is to present the conditions of territorial decentralization in Ukraine after regaining independence in the early 1990s and the results of the strategic project implemented in 2021 by the employees of the Department of Public Administration of the Institute of Political Sciences and Administration of UMCS. The main product of the implemented project was the development of the Herca Municipality Development Strategy in the Chernivtsi Oblast in Ukraine, based on the participatory-expert model. The results presented below refer in particular to the description of the process of elaborating the development strategy and the conclusions of the strategic analysis carried out.

The Position of the Polish Centre for Accreditation in the Political System and Its Impact on the Performance Efficiency of Public Tasks in the Field of Accreditation

This paper examines the position of the Polish Centre for Accreditation within the structure of Polish public administration. On the presumption that the PCA is a specialised administrative entity of a legal nature similar to one of an agency, which performs state tasks by accrediting notified bodies within the product conformity assessment scheme, the article assesses the influence of the Centre’s tasks and its position within the political system on the efficiency and quality of public functions it fulfils in the area of accreditation. The study demonstrates that the current structure and position of the Centre in the political system substantially facilitates the efficient implementation of state tasks in respect of accreditation. The research method employed herein in order to achieve the adopted research assumptions is the dogmatic and legal method.