With escalating global climate change and environmental challenges, green innovation has emerged as a pivotal strategy for enterprises to achieve sustainable development. This study investigates the status of green innovation and its impact on sustainable development within transportation enterprises in Guangdong Province. Data were gathered through questionnaires from six representative enterprises and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression methods. The findings indicate that while substantial progress has been made in applying green innovation technology systems, significant gaps persist in implementing green management concepts. Moreover, green innovation markedly enhances sustainable development performance, including cost reduction, market share growth, enterprise expansion, and improved technology transfer. However, its implementation is constrained by insufficient policy support, limited resource allocation, and inadequate employee engagement. Based on these insights, the study recommends prioritizing green management, integrating green innovation into strategic planning, fostering stronger collaboration with policymakers, and optimizing resource allocation to advance sustainable development goals.
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