Strategic Change Research Articles

Evaluating innovation ecosystem resiliency using agent-based modeling and systems dynamics

Evaluating the resilience of the innovation ecosystem to maintain its performance, in the sense of resistance to disruption and recovery after it, has recently received more attention. Several studies have been conducted to model different ecosystems and evaluate their resilience. However, modeling the innovation ecosystem from a holistic perspective and performing a quantitative assessment of its resilience have received less attention. This paper models the innovation ecosystem holistically and evaluates its resilience index using a quantitative approach through five main steps. In the first step, a case study related to the innovation ecosystem of Iran's Ministry of Energy, called the Power Innovation Ecosystem, is modeled by combining system dynamics and agent-based modeling. Upon validating the model in the second step, the disruption of the loss of experts is investigated in the third step, and all possible actions to recover each actor are analyzed. In the fourth step, the performance of the ecosystem is simulated before and after the disruption using the data gathered in the previous steps. Finally, resilience is calculated in two different ways in the fifth step. Several improvement solutions are also suggested when considering that the resilience index of the innovation ecosystem is at a medium level. This research may assist policymakers in observing the resilience level of the innovation ecosystem based on the proposed model. By applying strategic changes to this model, they can determine the effects of their policies and make the most appropriate decisions to increase the resilience of the innovation ecosystem.

ANALYSIS OF SUPPORTING AND HINDER FACTORS IN IMPROVING HUMAN RESOURCE COMPETENCE AT PALANGKA RAYA UNIVERSITY

This study provides a concise overview of Palangka Raya University (UPR), a state university founded in 1963. UPR, operating as a Public Service Agency, has implemented strategic changes in response to financial management adjustments, particularly focusing on elevating the quality of higher education lecturers. The research evaluates UPR's performance over the last five years, resulting in the identification of five key business strategies. Examining UPR's human resources, the study outlines the organizational structure, emphasizing teaching staff and education personnel. In 2022, an analysis of lecturers' academic positions, space class, and gender distribution highlights the diversity within the university. Additionally, education personnel are scrutinized based on gender, age, years of service, and rank, providing a comprehensive insight into UPR's human resources landscape. Descriptive analysis pinpoints supporting factors, such as the competency certification process and research roadmaps, and inhibiting factors, including a lack of leadership synergy and lecturer awareness. Budgetary constraints, insufficient person-in-charge roles, and a lack of specific strategies are identified as obstacles. The research concludes with actionable recommendations to enhance human resource quality at UPR, emphasizing skills development, government support, reward systems, and the cultivation of professional attitudes and personality maturity. These strategies aim to foster a more productive and inclusive work environment in alignment with UPR's vision of producing competitive and morally grounded human resources.

Is Managerial Homeworking New? Assessing strategic, technological and political influences before, during and after coronavirus

In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, it is often assumed that working at home represents a fundamental transformation in the way managers work. But is managerial homeworking that new? To answer this question, we draw on labour process theory and three empirical studies to place post-pandemic homeworking in historical sociological perspective. Overall, we find that homeworking is not a novel phenomenon, but has been driven by various logics. Explaining these, we contend initially that recent studies of managers working at home have focused on the mandated temporal present of the practice under Covid-19, which has resulted in homeworking being portrayed idiosyncratically. In contrast, and to attain a more comprehensive understanding of what homeworking means for managers, we argue that it is necessary also to understand both the underappreciated past of the phenomenon as well as options for its projected future. A comparative – past, present, future – inquiry therefore portrays how a range of explicit (e.g. corporate restructuring, digital technology, government legislation) and implicit (e.g. responsible autonomy, cultural resistance, work–life balance) factors have influenced and affected the practice of managers working at home in recent times. Through content analysis, these factors are related to broader forces of strategic change, technological innovation and political regulation in describing the ‘contested terrain’ of modern managerial work. Amid a context of economic neoliberalism, work extensification and shifting spatio-temporal (home/work) boundaries, the paradoxical nature of homeworking – symptomatic of managers’ contemporary ‘struggle for a normal working day’ – is documented through a series of interview-based narrative investigations (conducted in 2002–2006, 2015–2019 and 2020–2021). Ultimately, the paper makes a case not only for greater historical retrospection, but also for deeper critical reflection, in studies of managerial homeworking, and notably when considering whether the practice will likely be extended, ended or otherwise in the coming decades.

Framing effects on sustainable behavior

AbstractThe impacts of climate change are profound and widespread. Investigating the impact of strategic climate change communication is crucial for informing effective communication strategies and ultimately driving meaningful action toward addressing climate change. This research aims to develop effective climate change communication on Facebook with the objective of fostering sustainable behavior. It seeks to accomplish this by evaluating the influence of strategic climate change frames on sustainable behavior intentions and examining the moderating effect of greenwash awareness. We conducted two experimental studies: A 10 (frames) x 2 (greenwash awareness: high vs. low) between‐subject experiment with 710 responses and a 25 (frames) x 2 (greenwash awareness: high vs. low) between‐subject experiment with 1586 responses. Results indicate that communication framed in natural well‐being, sustainable expertise, and environmental frames encouraged sustainable behavior more than other frames. Multiple frames are more persuasive than single frames in increasing the intention of sustainable action. Greenwash awareness exerts moderating impacts on the framing effects. The current research is the first exploration to shed light on framing strategies of climate change communications by taking non‐climate frames and greenwash awareness into consideration. We offer actionable insights into how enterprises can strategically use frames to improve performance and accountability in sustainable development.

Performance feedback duration and strategic change in USA manufacturing firms

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the effect of performance duration (rather than intensity) on the subsequent initiation of strategic change by firms. Specifically, the effect of outperformance and underperformance duration on strategic change, as well as the moderating effect of environmental dynamism, is studied.Design/methodology/approachUsing a fixed-effects model, analyzing a sample of 34,907 firm-year observations from 1980 to 2018 across 112 industries mostly supported proposed hypotheses.FindingsResults revealed a U-shaped relationship between outperformance duration and strategic change and an inverted U-shaped relationship between underperformance duration and strategic change. The moderation role of environmental dynamism was only partially supported.Originality/valueThis study examines a new dimension of performance feedback, namely duration, rather than the widely used intensity of performance feedback, to enhance our understanding of the behavioral theory of the firm.

Elements affecting primary school teachers' digital competency in Vietnam’s northern mountainous areas

This study aims to identify the elements that contribute to the digital competencies of primary school teachers working in the mountainous region of Northern Vietnam and assess the significance of these factors. The research sample consisted of 260 primary school teachers from this region. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multivariate regression methods are used. The results of this research indicate that seven characteristics have a substantial impact on the digital abilities of teachers: ability to incorporate digital technology into teaching, conditions for digital transformation in teaching and learning activities are found to be influential, ability to create digital resources is highlighted as an important factor, ability to select teaching content with opportunities for technology usage, professional development needs of teachers, school policy and ability to select digital resources. These results offer education administrators a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing primary teachers' digital competencies and enable them to implement strategic changes and prioritize each element. Moreover, this study provides a valuable reference for future researchers seeking to explore new research directions in this field and analyze the correlation between factors to propose solutions to develop digital competencies of primary school teachers suitable to specific contexts and conditions.

Digital transformation metamodel in smart farming: Crop classification prediction based on recurrent neural network

Agriculture 4.0 is an opportunity for farmers to meet the current challenges in food production. It has become necessary to adopt a set of agricultural practices based on advanced technologies. Agriculture 4.0 enables farms to create added value by combining innovative technologies, such as precision agriculture, information and communication technology, robotics, and Big Data. As an enterprise, a connected farm is highly sensitive to strategic changes in organizational structures, objectives, modified variety, new business objects, processes, etc. To control the farm’s information system strategically, we proposed a metamodel based on the ISO/IS 19440 standard, where we added some new constructs relating to advanced digital technologies for smart and connected agriculture. We applied the proposed metamodel to the crop classification prediction process. This involved using machine learning methods such as recurrent neural networks to predict the type of crop being grown in a given agricultural area. Our research bridges farming with modern technology through our metamodel for a connected farm, promoting sustainability and efficiency. Furthermore, our crop classification study demonstrates the power of advanced machine learning, guided by our metamodel, in accurately predicting crop conditions, emphasizing its potential for crop management and food security. In essence, our work advances the transformative role of digital agriculture in modern farming.

Automated monitoring innovations for efficient and safe construction practices

As construction projects increase in complexity, there are growing challenges with conventional monitoring methods in terms of efficiency, safety, and competitiveness. Traditional supervision techniques are labour-intensive, intermittent, and prone to errors. Hence, this study statistically evaluates the potential advantages of photogrammetry, sensors, and algorithms to enable continuous automated monitoring. The results of this survey were analysed to compare manual and automated monitoring systems. The outcome shows that the Malaysian construction industry is aware of Automated Monitoring Innovations for Efficient and Safe Construction Practices. The top ranked factor was Photogrammetry which had a relative importance index (RII) of 0.821 for straightforward site monitoring and 0.812 for accelerated 3D BIM modelling. The RII for sensors to track labourers, apparatus, and progress in real time was 0.82, while the RII for hazard anticipation was 0.796. Automation achieved a reduction in fatigue by 0.784, labour intensity by 0.792, and time demands by 0.768, as measured by the RII. A conceptual framework was developed that incorporates measurable improvements in schedules, safety, and quality control. Automated solutions, as opposed to human examinations which are prone to error, provided exhaustive geographical data and ongoing surveillance notwithstanding obstacles pertaining to cost, cybersecurity, privacy, and integration. Construction monitoring must incorporate new technology, strategic change management, data investments, and supporting regulations to increase profitability, safety, and efficiency as competition and complexity increase.

The effect of institutional pressures and dynamic managerial capability on strategic renewal: The case of strategic agility and digital readiness as mediators in healthcare industry

This research investigates the role of institutional pressures, dynamic managerial capabilities, strategic agility and digital readiness as mediating factors in the gap of the healthcare sector's post-pandemic digital transformation. This study employed strategic and managerial questionnaires involving 308 medium-sized private hospitals in Indonesia and LISREL 6.0 was used for the analysis. Findings indicated that strategic agility did not mediate dynamic managerial capability for strategic renewal. Moreover, the private healthcare sector was found to be influenced by pressures to imitate other hospitals and competitors, and digital readiness had a stronger mediating effect than strategic agility. The study enriches organization theory by investigating institutional pressures driving strategic renewal. It also enhances the literature on strategic management by exploring the mediating role of strategic agility and digital readiness in strategic change. Lastly, it highlights the association between digital readiness and managerial and organizational aspects resulting from strategic change and further emphasizes the need for integrated teams and digital health services in hospitals to achieve strategic renewal.

STRATEGIC PLANNING OF STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF CORPORATE ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

This article is a comprehensive exploration of the theoretical and methodological principles of strategic planning for structural transformations in the context of corporate organizational development. It breaks down the complex concept of structural changes into simpler terms, defining them as specific alterations in business structure or the architecture of an integrated group of enterprises. The paper proposes a unique perspective on organizational development, viewing it as a process of breaking down the constituent elements of an enterprise, accompanied by changes in how these elements are connected, modifications in relationships between these elements and their external environment, adding new elements into the structure, and removing existing ones or a comprehensive solution involving doing some or all of these changes at the same time. It is demonstrated that the most radical and effective structural changes are associated with changes in how corporate and managerial control is distributed. The components of the mechanisms for accomplishing strategic tasks during organizational transformations that directly impact the structure of capital, resulting in the creation of legally independent entities, are identified. The sequence of stages in the strategic planning process of organizational development includes identifying the need for strategic changes, setting a system of objectives, assessing the appropriateness of modifying the business portfolio and conducting competitive analysis: evaluating the current status of the company, analyzing potential prospective resource zones and business areas; identifying strategic gaps between current and prospective profiles of strategic business units; analyzing the synergy of strategies; assessing constraints; optimizing the prospective business portfolio within a given system of objectives and constraints considering potential synergy; and developing competitive strategies in prospective business sectors. It also outlines the formulation of rules, mechanisms, and plans for managing strategic transformations. The primary constraints encountered during goal-setting in the context of organizational development include the time required to bridge strategic gaps, which are deemed critical due to the unpredictability of external environment behavior, the life cycle of the technology, or demand for products; cost implications and the availability of resources necessary for the strategic reorganization of the enterprise; and the company's ability to procure resources sufficient in volume and quality to undertake strategic restructuring.

Antecedents of changes in an organization's affiliation with group purchasing organization(s)

This paper focuses on the membership aspect of collaborative purchasing by examining the factors related to an organization's decision to change its affiliation with group purchasing organizations (GPOs), the most commonly practiced organizational form of collaborative purchasing. Specifically, this paper empirically investigates the relationships among environmental conditions (i.e., market competition), organizational conditions (i.e., analytics advantage and collaborative linkage), and GPO change, building on strategic change and resource perspectives. Our results reveal that environmental and organizational conditions relate to the change in GPO membership and interactively affect its propensity. This study brings the membership aspect of collaborative purchasing to the forefront as a strategic decision area in the context of strategic purchasing. Given the lack of empirical research addressing GPO membership change, this study enhances our understanding of the nature of the membership aspect of collaborative purchasing. This paper also offers insights into strategic procurement decisions, as manifested in the change in GPO memberships.

How does organizational resilience promote firm growth? The mediating role of strategic change and managerial myopia

Combining dynamic capability theory and the “capability-behavior-result” research logic, this study sheds light on the influence of organizational resilience on firm growth and how strategic change and managerial myopia mediate this relationship. Furthermore, the moderating role of environmental uncertainty is discussed. We employ a sample of A-share listed manufacturing companies in China during the period 2010–2020. The results demonstrate that organizational resilience promotes firm growth. Strategic change and managerial myopia play a mediating role between organizational resilience and firm growth. Environmental uncertainty positively moderates the relationship between organizational resilience and strategic change, but negatively moderates the relationship between organizational resilience and managerial myopia. Additionally, our findings indicate that the promotion effect of organizational resilience on firm growth is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises, and non-labor-intensive industries. This study offers practical implications for managers seeking sustainable development through organizational resilience.

Confucian Culture and Enterprise Strategic Change from a Perspective of the Golden Mean Ethics

AbstractAs an important informal system, the impact of Confucian culture on enterprise strategic change decision‐making and economic and social development is often ignored. By using the OLS method and drawing from publicly listed companies on China's Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2002 to 2020 as research samples, this article empirically analyzes the relationship between Confucian culture and enterprise strategic change from the perspective of the “golden mean” ethics (a Confucian moral standard and philosophy of conduct). The article also attends to the moderating effects of foreign culture shock and stock rights between the relationship of Confucian culture and enterprise strategic change. A key finding is that the ethical thought of “golden mean” and “harmony” contained in Confucian culture has an inhibitory effect on the initiation of enterprise strategic change. Foreign culture shock positively moderates the relationship between Confucian culture and enterprise strategic change. When “shocked” by dominant foreign cultures, the negative impact of Confucian culture on enterprise strategic change will be weakened. Moreover, unlike previous research findings based on agency theory that suggests how state ownership may retard corporate development, the authors found that in an informal institutional environment with a strong Confucian culture, stock rights can play a positive moderating role in the relationship between Confucian culture and enterprise strategic change. When an enterprise is state‐owned, the inhibitory effect of Confucian culture on enterprise strategic change will be weakened further.

Aligning restaurants and artificial intelligence computing of food delivery service with product development

PurposeThis study aims to analyze how restaurants' collaboration with mobile food delivery applications (MFDAs) affects product development efficiency and argues that technological capabilities moderate relational ties impact the joint decision-making and development efficiency of restaurant products.Design/methodology/approachA product development efficiency model was formulated using a resource-based view and real options theory. In all, 472 samples were collected from restaurants collaborating with MFDAs, and partial least squares structural equation modeling was applied to the proposed model.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate three factors are critical to the product development efficiency between restaurants and MFDAs; restaurants must develop a strong connection with the latter to ensure meals are consistently served promptly. Developers of MFDAs should use artificial intelligence analysis, such as order records of different genders and ages or various consumption attributes, to collaborate with restaurants.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the few that considers the role of MFDAs as a product strategy for restaurant operations, and the factors the authors found can enhance restaurants’ product development efficiency. Second, as strategic artificial intelligence adaptation changes, collaborating firms and restaurants use such applications for product development to help consumers identify products.

RESEARCH ON KEY INFLUENCING FACTORS OF DT OF SMEs IN CHINA

With the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating and leading various aspects of society toward digital transformation (DT). With the widespread application of digital technologies such as big data and cloud computing, the DT process of enterprises is constantly accelerating, and disruptive changes have occurred in product services, business processes, and so on. This article provides a systematic review of existing research on DT and identifies the influencing factors from the organizational level, management level, and environmental level based on the Strategic Change framework of Rajagoralan &Spertizer (1997). Subsequently, an integrated analysis framework was proposed that includes five configuration factors: digital transformation infrastructure, employee skills, management support, market uncertainty, and technology uncertainty. This article not only deepens the understanding of the causal complexity issues behind the success of SMEs’ DT but also provides some beneficial insights for the practice of SMEs’ DT.

STRATEGY AND PRACTICE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ORGANIZATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BANKING SECTOR OF GEORGIA)

The study intends to define the key components of an organization's digital transformation in the contemporary setting, as well as the elements that contribute to it and the models required to carry out the entire process. Additionally, it is important to bring attention to the primary challenges encountered by Georgia's banking sector when implementing technology transformation initiatives. Consequently, there is outlined the strategies for successfully overcoming current challenges. It was intended to set up the quantitative study in order to look at this matter. The research demonstrated how the people engaged in the banking sector have an attitude towards change, what impediments and risks exist for the success of the process. What mindset do managers and staff members have toward technological change and how it impacts revenue, client retention, and the company's reputation. Keywords: Bank, transformation, technological change, digital, leader, technology, strategic change.

Online teaching in new normal: Analysis and development

In the new normal after the pandemic, universities are planning how long-term online teaching should be designed. However, there are limited studies on preparing teachers for online teaching in the new normal during and after COVID-19 from perspectives of teaching centers in higher education institutions. Therefore, to answer the following question: how teaching centers should facilitate change among stakeholders to better prepare teaching staff for online teaching in the new normal or for future emergencies, this study analyzed online teaching support programmes launched by teaching centers during the pandemic. In specific, the study interviewed directors and e-learning coordinators of the teaching centers in seven universities in East Asia on their teacher support programs during the pandemic, and then analyzed their programs according to their adopted human process interventions, technostructural interventions, and strategic change interventions. Results show that universities were observed to adapt to the pandemic in generally similar measures, although there are differences according to the structure of the university. The reception of the actions was reported to be generally positive.

Justice reinvestment—Local solutions for young people in contact with the criminal justice system, but should more be done?

AbstractJustice Reinvestment aims to prevent young people coming into contact with the criminal justice system through place‐based, data‐driven and evidence‐based community solutions developed through community‐based leadership and partnerships. The initiative also advocates for strategic changes to the justice system, with any savings reinvested into successful community programs. This paper will discuss the historical, international and local perspectives of Justice Reinvestment, recent Commonwealth funding opportunities, and how well these initiatives work for young people in New South Wales.

The ripple effect of strain in times of change: how manager emotional exhaustion affects team psychological safety and readiness to change.

Managers assume a pivotal role during periods of organizational change, yet there exists a notable gap in our understanding of how their emotional exhaustion may impact their capacity to generate readiness to change within their teams. Grounded in the conservation of resources theory (COR), this study explores the crossover effect of managers' emotional exhaustion on team readiness to change. We expect this to occur through higher levels of laissez-faire leadership, which impacts the teams' psychological safety. Data was gathered within a Canadian governmental organization undergoing two significant changes-cultural change and digitalization-with a specific focus on leadership as a pivotal factor in preparing teams for change. Employing surveys from 372 team members and 62 managers affected by this change, we conducted path analysis to empirically test the proposed model across 74 teams and their respective managers. Managers' emotional exhaustion has a negative indirect effect on team readiness to change. The double mediation pathway implies a positive relationship on laissez-faire leadership, which hinders psychological safety. In turn, psychological safety hampers team readiness to change. Managers must invest significant resources to fulfill their roles and responsibilities during strategic change. Those who feel exhausted during change may look for ways to protect some of their resources by reducing the time and energy they invest leading their team. This self-preserving resource strategy has detrimental consequences on teams' effectiveness during change due to an indirect crossover effect that affects the levels of psychological safety on the team.

Leveraging cognitive digital twins in industry 5.0 for achieving sustainable development goal 9: An exploration of inclusive and sustainable industrialization strategies

In the emerging landscape of Industry 5.0, the integration of innovative technologies such as Cognitive Digital Twins (CDTs) is pivotal for steering industrial processes towards sustainability and inclusivity, particularly in developing nations striving to align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study explores the transformative capabilities of CDTs in Industry 5.0, concentrating on India's quest for inclusive and sustainable industrialization in alignment with SDGs. The inclusion of the TOE-HOT framework enriches the research's analytical foundation, providing a nuanced perspective to investigate the multifaceted dynamics of technology, organization, environment, and human aspects within the sphere of industrial evolution. By employing the Best-Worst Method (BWM), Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM), and MICMAC analysis, the study delves deep into the synergies between industrial strategies, technology, and sustainable development. The findings reveal the paramountcy of the Technological Dimension, emphasizing CDTs strategies like real-time optimization and data analytics, which are instrumental in dynamically adjusting manufacturing processes and fostering alignment with market demands. The research also stresses the roles of various CDTs strategies like strategic alignment, change management, job security, skill augmentation, and environmental compliance in industrial sustainability and inclusivity. The paper concludes with invaluable insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers, emphasizing the necessity for a holistic, interconnected approach to fully harness the potential of CDTs in realizing the aspirations of Industry 5.0 and contributing to India's sustainable industrial advancement by 2030.