Listeners show highly replicable, idiosyncratic patterns of decision weights across frequency affecting their performance in multi-tone level discrimination tasks. The different patterns are attributed to peculiarities in how listeners attend to sounds. However, evidence is presented in the current study that they reflect individual differences in cochlear micromechanics, which can be evaluated using otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). Spontaneous OAEs (SOAEs) and the fine structure of stimulus-frequency OAEs (SFOAEs) were measured in a group of normal-hearing listeners. The same group of listeners performed a two-tone, sample-level discrimination task wherein the frequency of one tone was selected to correspond to a SOAE and the other was selected well away from a SOAE. Tone levels were either 50 or 30 dB SPL. The relative decision weight of the two tones for each listener and condition was estimated from a standard COSS analysis of the trial-by-trial data [Berg (1989), J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 86, 1743–1746]. A strong linear relation was observed between the average relative decision weight and the average relative level of both SOAE and SFOAE.