Stationary Pollution Sources Research Articles

Влияние геометрических параметров и математического описания CFD-модели на пространственное распределение загрязняющих веществ внутри карьерного пространства, на примере программного комплекса ANSYS Fluent

The relevance of the research is due to the increased interest of specialists in the field of open pit aerology in the use of modern software systems for calculating the aerological parameters of the atmosphere in deep open pits. Experts raise questions about the extent to which the air flows at the bottom of the open pit are reduced, how atmospheric air circulates inside the open pit space, and what parameters of the pollution source can be used to monitor the distribution of harmful substances in the open pit space. The paper presents the results of analyzing numerical experiments on modeling the process of polluting from the stationary pollution sources and the atmospheric air circulation depending on the height of obstacles located on the upper side of the open pit. The modeling was carried out using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the atmosphere at the Zhelezny open pit mine of Kovdorsky GOK JSC developed in the ANSYS Fluent software package with variations in the territory adjacent to the open pit. The set of equations used to describe the aerodynamics of the open pit atmosphere is classical for solving problems of this kind.

Analysis of the Existing Air Emissions Detection Methods for Stationary Pollution Sources Monitoring

The application of coal technologies for energy generation leads to high pollutant emissions. Thus, governmental and international organizations have created new programs and laws for monitoring emissions. Recently, the government of Kazakhstan has introduced regulations for the measurement of emissions produced by factories and power plants. However, the requirements and Corecommendations for the monitoring methods have not been defined. Therefore, this article addresses the problem and focuses on determining the measurement errors made by optical SGK510 and electrochemical POLAR devices used for coal power plants. The hypothesis is based on the fact that there are currently no systems for monitoring probe drying, and its implementation is expensive. The main methods are analyzed, namely their operation, taking into account the presence of water particles in samples, and the possibility of using adjustment coefficients is considered. The main pollutants chosen for analysis are CO, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, and O2. Using the Broich–Pagan test, homoscedasticity was determined, and the Fisher test showed the possibility of using tuning coefficients. The data for the optical method were compared to measurements taken using Inspector 500. The error for SO2 determination was 7.19% for NO, 44.0985% for NO2, 733.26% for NOx, 7.39% for O2, 2.75% for CO, 60.81%. The comparison between SGK510 and POLAR demonstrated the following errors: for CO—1.5%, for NOx—82.4405%, for SO2—41.17%, for O2—11.61%. According to the Fisher criteria analysis of the optical method, only SO2 and CO values measured by SGK510 in comparison to Inspector 500 had close similarity, while others demonstrated high deviations. The significance tests were carried out by Fisher’s, t-test, and ANOVA methods. For the electrochemical measurement, only CO values had close similarity. In the future, methods will be proposed to improve the accuracy of the system while reducing maintenance costs, as well as cleaning sampling systems. The multicomponent analysis application for accuracy improvement with the exhaust gas humidity, temperature, and flow consideration was recommended as a possible solution.

Study of patterns of PM2.5 and PM10 changes in the atmospheric air of Ivano-Frankivsk region

The purpose of this research is to analyse the temporal patterns of changes in concentrations of dust particles – aerosols, regression modeling of the interdependence of PM2.5 and PM10 at the level of instantaneous, average hourly, average daily and average weekly concentrations, and assessment of the impact of the anthropogenic component of dust pollution of atmospheric air in the Ivano-Frankivsk region on regularities of the temporal distribution of these shares.The database for the study included measurements of the concentration of PM10, PM2.5 every hour at four Ecocity public monitoring stations: in the central part of the city of Ivano-Frankivsk, in the village of Bovshiv within the influence of the Burshtyn TPP, in the village of Broshniv-Osada within the influence of the woodworking enterprise "SVISS KRONO" and within the recreational territory of the village of Mykulychyn, Nadvirnyan district. The general regularity of the temporal distribution of PM10, PM2.5 was established for all posts for daily fluctuations – the highest concentrations are observed at night, the lowest – during the period of maximum daily temperatures. It has been proven by actual data that the greater the level of atmospheric air pollution (the greater the anthropogenic component of PM), the higher the daily concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and the more often the one-time standards of solid suspended particles are exceeded.According to the data of monitoring stations from the territories with different anthropogenic influence, functional dependences of PM2.5 content on PM10 content were obtained for instantaneous values, hourly average values, daily average values, and weekly average values. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in the establishment of identical functional interdependence of temporal changes in concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 dust particles within a conditionally clean area and within the limits of the influence of stationary sources of pollution with a high level of direct regression dependence and a coefficient of determination greater than 0.9 in all cases. This allows us to conclude that the temporal patterns of changes in both PM2.5 and PM10 will not differ in clean and polluted air conditions for the Ivano-Frankivsk region. In conditions of incomplete data on the temporal distribution of the concentration of PM10, the obtained equations can be used to forecast the temporal distribution of the concentration of PM2.5.

The Impact of the Circular Economy on Mitigating the Consequences of Climate Change in the Regions of Ukraine

Abstract Climate change and its impact on the economic and social welfare is a vitally important problem explored everywhere in the modern world. The objective of this research is to determine a correlation between the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in Ukrainian regions and their economic and demographic indicators: gross regional product, turnover of business entities and population density. The study is focused on CO2 emissions from stationary pollution source. The article provides evidence-based arguments that circular economy is the model integrating two central objectives: economic growth and mitigation of effects from climate change. The study revealed a strong correlation between the implementation of circular economy practices and objectives of Sustained Development Goas, in particular with respect to minimization of СО2 emissions. A statistical analysis of the relationship between СО2 emissions and gross regional product (GRP), turnover of business entities and population density at the level of Ukrainian regions was made. It was revealed that all the Ukrainian regions with high rates of per capita GRP growth there is no tendency to increase CO2 emissions. This complies with circular economy priorities: minimization of resource extraction through processing and re-production. The regions with a higher population density were revealed to have lower СО2 emissions, which can be attributed to the fact that a higher population density often entails a more compact urban habitat. The regions with the largest turnover of business entities include regions with their highest population density. Economically developed regions often push technological innovations with breakthrough effects for energy technologies, transport and industrial processes, which help reduce CO2 emissions.

Promotion effect of Ce and Ta co-doping on the NH3-SCR performance over V2O5/TiO2 catalyst

NH3-SCR (SCR: Selective catalytic reduction) is an effective technology for the de-NOx process from both mobile and stationary pollution sources, and the most commonly used catalysts are the vanadia-based catalysts. An innovative V2O5-CeO2/TaTiOx catalyst for NOx removal was prepared in this study. The influences of Ce and Ta in the V2O5-CeO2/TaTiOx catalyst on the SCR performance and physicochemical properties were investigated. The V2O5-CeO2/TaTiOx catalyst not only exhibited excellent SCR activity in a wide temperature window, but also presented strong resistance to H2O and SO2 at 275 ℃. A series of characterization methods was used to study the catalysts, including H2-temperature programmed reduction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, NH3-temperature programmed desorption, etc. It was discovered that a synergistic effect existed between Ce and Ta species. The introduction of Ce and Ta enlarged the specific surface area, increased the amount of acid sites and the ratio of Ce3+, (V3++V4+) and Oα, and strengthened the redox capability which were related to synergistic effect between Ce and Ta species, significantly improving the NH3-SCR activity.

Leverages of financial and environmental management in agricultural sector of the economy

The article is aimed at determining theoretical views on processes of financial and environmental management of the agricultural sector. It analyzes the financial and environmental management of the agricultural sector of the economy, including the assessment of components of air, water, forest and land resources, crop and livestock production. The authors substantiate the system of ensuring the balanced development of the agricultural sector and examine measures to motivate the organization of eco-friendly agricultural production. The analysis of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from stationary sources of pollution in Ukraine for 2017-2021 showed that the largest sources of pollution into the atmosphere in Ukraine for 2017-2021 were sulfur dioxide (25.7% in 2021), carbon monoxide into the atmosphere in Ukraine for 2017-2021 (31.4% in 2021) and methane (20.3% in 2021). The article defines the ways of state support for the agricultural sector of the economy and outlines the main principles of the agricultural sector development strategy. The revealed positive impact of the agricultural sector on the environment is ensured by two factors: financial and environmental responsibility manifested through management decision-making measures and financial and environmental motivation manifested through material, social and environmental values of the agricultural producer, consumer and society as a whole.

Analysis of the implementation of sustainable development goals and information support systems using the example of the Rostov region

The purpose of the study is to analyze the compliance of the information support system with the goals of the transition to sustainable development of the territory. The object of the study is the Rostov region and the regional center - Rostov-on-Don. The article presents the dynamics of indicators from official statistics characterizing environmental pollution and its consequences. In response to the promotion of tax initiatives related to carbon footprints in different countries, Russia is implementing plans to develop a system for monitoring and accounting for pollutant emissions to improve the efficiency and timeliness of information. At the first stages of accounting for carbon dioxide emissions, the objects of monitoring are large stationary sources of pollution. At the same time, an important element of information support for making management decisions for the transition to sustainable development of a territory is information about the potential of the territory to resist environmental pollution (for example, the assimilation potential of the ecosystem of the main pollutants of the territory , the maximum permissible load on the ecosystem). The disadvantages of the assessment, verification and control methodology, the small number of pollutants involved in regulation, can significantly limit a number of alternatives that can be effectively used to transition to sustainable development of the territory. In addition, limitations in the methodology for collecting data and assessing pollution (for example, from motor vehicles) reduce the effectiveness of the information system and the adequacy of the analysis of the situation and decisions made in general.

Pollutants emissions dynamics by stationary and mobile sources of pollution within Ukraine

Due to the current rapid socio-economic development of both the world as a whole and Ukraine in particular, the level of anthropogenic load on the environment is increasing. In this context, the analysis of emissions of pollutants from various sources of pollution is quite relevant, as it allows to identify the dynamics of pollution and develop the necessary measures to improve the quality of the air basin. Purpose. Analysis of the dynamics of emissions of pollutants by stationary and mobile sources of pollution within Ukraine. Methods. Statistical, graphic, comparison. Results. The dynamics of emissions of pollutants for the period 2016-2020 were analyzed. It was found that the number of emissions of hazardous substances into the atmospheric air has significantly decreased, stationary sources of pollution account for a much larger number of emissions than mobile sources. However, the highly urbanized and industrialized regions of Ukraine are still suffering from the toxic effects of substances. It was found that according to the types of economic activity, the largest amount of emissions into the atmospheric air falls on the electric power industry, extractive and processing industry; significantly less - for agriculture, water supply and transport. Conclusions. Most regions of Ukraine with a high level of industrial development continue to suffer from atmospheric air pollution. Taking into account modern global challenges in the field of nature management, the priority directions for reducing the negative impact on the air basin of Ukraine are: popularization of alternative energy sources; modernization of transport; promoting the development of green spaces and zones, etc

Spatial-temporal evaluation of PM2.5 concentration for health risk reduction strategy development in a basin with different weather patterns

Identifying the contribution of pollution sources to the atmospheric environment is critical to make an effective pollution reduction strategy for controlling the regional air quality. Spatial-temporal distribution of pollutant patterns is not only determined by the emission rate of a pollution source, but also closely related to the location of an emission source, regional topography, and wind field conditions. To understand the spatial pattern of pollutants under different weather conditions and topographical factors, this study evaluated the impact of large-scale stationary pollution sources in Taichung Basin located in Central Taiwan on regional air quality using The Air Pollution Model (TAPM), in which different weather types were taken into considerations. Results show that the present TAPM model could accurately simulate 44.0–95.0% of 5 actual synoptic weather conditions, including Outer-region circulation from tropical depression system, Weak northeast monsoon, Anticyclonic Outflow, The westward extension of Pacific Anticyclone, and South-deflected airflow. The research results revealed that weather types and regional wind fields dominated the pollutant transport patterns, where the westward extension of the Pacific Anticyclone and South-deflected Airflow could deteriorate the convection-diffusive conditions, causing high pollution events for Taichung Basin. Based on the present results, the air pollutants transport patterns under different synoptic weather conditions could be used as practical information by decision-makers to develop efficient air quality control strategies in the future.

Assessment of the state of the ecosystem of the Lipetsk region

The characteristics of the state of the ecosystem of the Lipetsk Region are presented on the basis of official statistical reporting by the Office of Rospotrebnadzor for the Lipetsk Region, the Lipetsk Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring - a branch of the Central Chernozem UGMS, the Department of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Lipetsk Region. Environmental problems of the Lipetsk region are associated with pollution of atmospheric air,drinking water, soil, and food products by toxic substances. Sources of environmental pollution are ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry, motor vehicles, agricultural production, including livestock. Anthropogenic anomalies of the habitat are becoming one of the main causes of veterinary problems in modern animal husbandry. The purpose of the study: to assess the state of the ecosystem of the territory of the Lipetsk region, including monitoring of surface watercourses in the area of the city of Lipetsk: the rivers Matyra, Voronezh, Lipovka and the Matyr reservoir. For the analysis of water sources for heavy metal contamination with an atomic absorption spectrometer with electrothermal authorization "MGA-1000". Sampling of natural water was carried out according to GOST 17.1.5.05-85. The volume of the sample taken was 250 ml, the filtrate was preserved with nitric acid. Statistical processing of analytical data was carried out by conventional methods.Up to 90% of emissions of harmful substances from stationary and mobile sources of pollution are accumulated by soil, from where toxins migrate into water and plants. The content of zinc slightly exceeded the maximum permissible level in 35% of the selected samples, %, manganese - in 32% and aluminum - in 34% of the selected samples. So the highest content of iron and lead was recorded in the river. Voronezh and in the region of Lipetsk, exceeding the MPC by 1.5 times. To a lesser extent, increases in MPC r. Matyr and Matyr-sky reservoir.

Review of the state of air pollution by energy objects in Ukraine

Objective information about the state of air pollution is the basis for implementing measures to ensure conditions for the safe living of the population and improve the environmental pollution monitoring network. The purpose of the work is to study the impact of energy facilities (enterprises consuming different types of fuels) on atmospheric air pollution and its spatial and temporal distribution in cities and regions of Ukraine. The relevance of the work is confirmed by the fact that Ukraine, according to the World Health Organization, has the highest mortality rate from diseases caused by polluted air. The article considers general approaches to the functioning of the air pollution monitoring system in Ukraine and the features of the formation of the local air pollution index. The article discusses the most common pollutants generated at energy-intensive enterprises in Ukraine, in particular benzo(a)pyrene (C20H12), sulfur dioxide (SO2), dust, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NxOy), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon disulfide (CS2), hydrogen fluoride (HF), ammonia (NH3), phenol (C6H6O) and others. Statistical information about emissions of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NO2, CO, PM10, PM2,5, PAHs, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, As) into the air from stationary sources of pollution for the period 1990-2018 was analyzed and visualized. The dynamics of chemical air pollution in different cities and regions of Ukraine are analyzed in detail. For some cities (Kyiv, Dnipro, Odesa, Kharkiv), energy-intensive enterprises and types of pollutants emitted into the air have been identified. It is shown that among the most polluted cities are Mariupol, Dnipro, Odesa, Kamianske, Kyiv, Kryvyi Rih, Lutsk, Lysychansk, Mykolaiv, Sloviansk, Kramatorsk, Rubizhne, Lviv, Zaporizhzhia, Lysychansk, Kherson, Kremenchuk, and among the most polluting regions are Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zaporizhzhya, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Poltava. These regions need priority implementation of modern air pollution monitoring systems. Keywords: air pollution, chemical pollution, stationary sources, energy objects, pollution dynamics, maximum permissible concentration

MONITORING THE STATE OF THE AIR ENVIRONMENT IN THE LVIV REGION

The article presents the results of monitoring the state of the air environment of Lviv region in 2020. The main sources of pollution are identified and statistical data on emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere are given. The aim of the work is to analyze the state of the environment, natural resources of Lviv region, trends in their changes and environmental measures. Volumes of pollutant emissions from stationary sources of air pollution from enterprises, institutions and organizations of Lviv region were determined by conducting an inventory of stationary sources of pollutant emissions into the air, types and volumes of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere by stationary sources, equipment facilities of the region.

Air pollution of the largest cities in the Volyn region: preconditions, consequences and ways of solution of this problem

Formulation of the problem. Air pollution is one of the biggest modern ecological problem, which aggravates with process of urbanization, industrial development, increasing number of vehicles, etc. So that, the article is devoted to the study the of air pollution in the largest cities of the Volyn region: Lutsk, Kowel, Novovolynsk and Volodymyr-Volynskyi. The purpose of the article is to estimate state and quality of the air in the largest cities of the Volyn region, discover the main sources of air pollution, characterize the effects of pollution on people health and environment, propose measures for solving this problem. Review of previous publications and studies. State of the air pollution in the urban areas of the Volyn region became the subject of scientific interest of many scientists. Hulai L. D., Karaim O. A. and Syniuk, A. Yu. researched ecological state of air basin and structure of sources of air pollution in the Novovolynsk City. Panasiuk M. V. and Hulai L. D. analyzed air quality in the Kovel district and Kovel City. Problems of air pollution were investigated in the studies of Kiptenko Ye. M., Kozlenko T. V. and Molchak Ya. O., Fesiuk V. O., Kartava O. F. Moreover, Poruchynska, I. V. in her publication explored ways of reducing air pollution by vehicle in the Volyn region. Methods. The most common methods in the research were analysis and synthesis, correlations and regressions, generalization and comparison. Moreover, to study the quality of air basin in the largest urban area – Lutsk City, the authors calculated index of air pollution. Results. The study defined that the main source of air pollution in the urban systems are automobiles, which produce into the atmosphere 85-95 % of all emissions. Furthermore, stationary sources such as industrial enterprises and utility companies also pollute air basin of cities with hazardous substances. However, the amount of pollutants from these sources in the Lutsk City and Volodymyr-Volynskyi City slowly decreases. The authors researched that the air basin in Lutsk City is exposed to the greatest anthropogenic loading. According to the calculation of the air pollution index, city’s air basin belongs to the quality class «polluted air». Consequences of air pollution are quite different and have impact on environment and economic complex. Besides, poor air quality can cause different diseases. To solve this problem the authors propose to reconstruct and modernize enterprises’ treatment systems, to increase the number of environmental friendly public transport, to increase the areas with greenery, to introduce green logistics in transportation. The authors concluded that air basin in the most urbanized areas of the Volyn region is quite polluted, which caused by using vehicles and functioning of manufacture. So that, it is suggested measures to reduce the amount of emission from different source of pollution. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The main preconditions and trends of modern changes in air quality of the largest cities in the Volyn region was researched for the first time. Furthermore, the authors identified the main sources of air pollution, which have affected the quality of urban air basins during recent years. In addition, index of air pollution in the Lutsk City was calculated for the period 2015-2020. The article proposes measures to improve air quality and reduce emissions from stationary and mobile sources of pollution.

Identification of Emission Source Using a Micro Sampler Carried by a Drone

A micro needle trap sampler (NTS) was carried by a mini quadrotor drone (Mavic Pro, DJI) to collect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industries. The NTS was fabricated using a 7 cm long, 22-gauge stainless steel needle by packing powdered divinylbenzene (DVB) adsorbents (60–80 mesh diameters). The telescoping sampling shaft was installed on the drone to extend the NTS beyond the downward air turbulence that was caused by the rotation of its propellers. The total mass of the sampling device, including an NTS, a telescoping shaft, a mini-air pump, and an ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) rack, was not more than 200 g. The emitted VOCs, those from a steel processing plant, including aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene of 15 ppb, ethylbenzene of 9 ppb and p-xylene 12 ppb), and those from a semiconductor processing factory, including trace amounts of methanol (1.96–2.00 ppm), acetone (0.05–0.10 ppm), and toluene (1.04–2.00 ppm), were extracted by the NTS on the drone and identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) system in the laboratory. According to the results of VOC detection during the sampling flight of a drone, the stationary pollution sources were successfully identified.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM: ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

One of the main factors of territorial attractiveness of modern settlement systems is the environmental aspect, which, analyzing the trends and tendencies of society, will become increasingly important. The aim of the study is to analyze the issues of environmental development and their impact on settlement systems. The article notes the high impact of environmental processes on the formation of the attractiveness of areas. Pollution of air and water, increase in the amount of non-recyclable and non-recyclable waste, climate change, deforestation - these factors have a direct impact on the development of ecosystems. In an urban environment, their impact on human life and health is growing. Among the main elements of the ecological block of the attractiveness of the territory were identified the presence of environmentally hazardous facilities, emissions of harmful substances, air pollution, indicators of access to clean water. The problem of water availability is relevant, because today the world can not fully meet all the household needs of the population. Rationalization of water use is an important requirement. The analysis of air pollution showed that the biggest polluters are industrial enterprises in the districts, but they are economically attractive due to the activities of these enterprises. The density of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from stationary sources of pollution per square meter. meter of area indicates unstable dynamics. Analysis of the generation of household and industrial waste showed that in most areas of Ukraine there has been a reduction in their volume since 2019. Hypotheses to reduce the attractiveness of agricultural areas due to ill-considered use of pesticides. There are low costs for environmental protection, which causes a number of problems with overcoming air pollution, waste disposal, providing the population with clean water and rational agriculture.

Зонирование территории г. Севастополя для организации мониторинга загрязнения атмосферы

The article evaluates the features of the terrain to determine the zone of influence of large sources of pollution. The list of the largest stationary sources of pollution and transport highways of Sevastopol with the most intensive traffic is given. A map of the location of emission sources is presented. According to a number of criteria developed, zoning of the territory of the city of Sevastopol according to an integral criterion is proposed. That will make possible to reasonably plan a network of atmospheric pollution monitoring posts for collecting representative data.

Расчет локальных поправочных коэффициентов кадастровой стоимости для земельных участков, граничащих с автомобильными дорогами, методом парных продаж (на примере Республики Крым)

With the development of society and its socio-economic relations, the growth of industrial production, the intensification of anthropogenic impact on the environment, the area of land with an unsatisfactory ecological state has increased. When cadastral valuation of real estate objects, the impact of stationary sources of pollution is most often taken into account, the emissions of which are 3.2 times higher than air pollution from mobile sources. The authors considered the method of paired sales for calculating local correction factors in the cadastral valuation of roadside areas of highways. It was established that in the zone of increased pollution level (from 0 to 50 m from the edge of the roadway) there are 34 land plots with the type of permitted use "individual housing construction" (IZhS). The results of the calculations showed that the correction factor for the location is 0.83 in the urban area. Zuya and 0.76 in the village. Kind. Thus, the cadastral value of these real estate objects will be reduced by 17 and 24 %, respectively. The results obtained make it possible to accurately cadastral value of land plots experiencing a strong technogenic impact of highways.

Assessment of the levers of influence over sustainable development target values of the agricultural sector

Assessment of the levers of influence over sustainable development target values of the agricultural sector

Assessment of Waste Treatment in Urbanized Areas in the Environmental Policy Context: National Experience

The environmental challenges of today worsen the life conditions and create threats for a human. An issue of special concern in the environmental security context are urbanized areas characterized by heavy environmental pollution. Analysis of the impact of waste generation and treatment in Ukraine on the environmental performance of urbanized areas and its conformity with the principles for decision-making on setting priorities and strategies on the basis of comparable information has significant importance in elaborating urgent measures for environmental stabilization in urbanized areas.Principal component analysis was used for estimating the correlations between the factors of pollution in urbanized areas,their meaningful interpretation and modeling of the complex factor impact. The factors were selected, characterizing the environmental effects, which is waste generation from economic activities of stationary pollution sources in urbanized areas:burnt waste of all the hazard categories; total accumulated waste per 1 square km; capital investment and current expenses ontreatment of waste of I–III hazard categories; capital investment and current expenses on treatment of waste of IV hazard category; capital investment and current expenses on waste disposal in specially designated places or waste objects of wasteof ІV hazard category; capital investment and current expenses on monitoring and laboratory tests for the objective: waste treatment (except for radioactive waste).The results of assessment confirmed the impact of these factors on the environmental performance of Ukrainian cities.

REGIONAL ECOLOGICALLY DEPENDENT FEATURES OF THE VEGETATIVE STATUS OF THE POPULATION IN LVIV REGION

In recent years, negative demographic phenomena are growing in Lviv region as well as in Ukraine on the whole. They are manifested in falling birth rates, rising mortality, rising morbidity which are inextricably linked with ecological imbalance and environmental degradation in general. The aim of our research was to identify the features of the degree of stress of the adaptation mechanisms, vegetative status and functional health (of population) of “radiation-clean” Lviv region and compare the results with the results of FEE of “radiation-contaminated” Vinnytsia and Chernihiv regions. We examined 1592 children of different ages and sexes living in Lviv region with the help of functional-vegetative diagnostics (FVD) of vegetative health by the method of V.G. Makats, which allows us to identify indicators of variance of vegetative levels that act as integral bioindicators of internal homeostasis. The bioelectrical activity of 12 symmetrical pairs of functionally active zones of the skin (24 PHASES), 12 on arms and 12 on legs, which reflect the functional activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems was studied. Atmospheric air pollution, drinking water quality, waste accumulation are the main factors that harm the health of the population. Emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from stationary sources of pollution in Lviv region in 2019 were 16.7% less than in 2018. The overall dynamics of pollutant emissions in 2000-2019 was characterized by a downward trend, from 108.6 thousand tons in 2000 to 88.9 thousand tons in 2019. In 2019, 1.0% more waste was generated in Lviv region than in 2018. In 2019, 858 kg of waste was generated per capita in Lviv region, that is 99 tons per 1 km2. The Lviv region is not included in the radiation control zone of Ukraine and is considered to be «conditionally clean». While studying the variance of vegetative levels and, accordingly, the functional health of children in Lviv region in 2001-2006, we found that in female and male groups vegetative dynamics had a «sympathetic orientation» (critical functional stress of adaptation), so the percentage of surveyed children included in the zone of increase of sympathetic activity fluctuated from 36% in 2006 to 64% in 2004 in the female group under supervision and from 36,5% in 2003 to 55,7% in 2006 in male that is much higher than 15%. of the norms. The critical advantage of «sympathetic dispersion» is not ideal for functional health, but in this situation it indicates the absence of a «radiation component» of the integrated environmental pressure. Functional and ecological examination of Lviv region in 2001-2006 revealed its relation to the zone of «functional protection tension». We noted an opposite situation during long-term observations of the dynamics of functional health of children in Vinnytsia and Chernihiv regions which belong to the 4th zone of state radiation control. In addition, the children living in these regions were characterized by the development of persistent parasympathicotonia (vagotonia). While analyzing the state of functional health of children due to the vegetative coefficient (kV), which characterizes the adaptive potential of the population, it was found that at a rate of kV 0.95-1.05, which corresponds to the vegetative balance, in all gender groups and in all years of observation it is at much higher levels. Its average value ranged from 1.15 in 2002 to 1.30 in 2004 and 1.19 was the overall average for all years of observation. Speaking about children living in Lviv region, there are changes that reflect the imbalance of the autonomic nervous system towards the predominance of sympathetic regulation, accompanied by increased energy needs.Prolonged predominance of sympathetic regulation leads to depletion of energy reserves and, as a consequence, can provoke the emergence and development of diseases of various etiologies.