State Youth Research Articles

The associations between sport- and physical activity-related concussions and suicidality, suicide capability, and hopelessness among high school adolescents.

Concussions are associated with a variety of physical, cognitive, and mental health impairments. If sustained during adolescence, a time when the brain is undergoing development, the risk of long-term impairments becomes heightened. This is a notable subject for investigation as many concussions are sustained among adolescents during high school sports and other physical activities. We used data from the 2019 United States Youth Risk Behavior Survey to investigate the association between concussions and suicidality (i.e., suicide ideation, planning, and attempts), suicide capability (i.e., physical fighting and weapon carrying), and hopelessness, a risk factor for suicide. We utilized a cross-sectional design and used multivariate regression models and t tests for analysis. Participants were 1754 adolescent students who sustained a concussion during the prior year (54.61% male; M age = 15.94) and 9795 adolescent students who did not sustain a concussion during the prior year (47.27% male; M age = 15.95). Females were less likely (13.23%) than males (17.12%) to report at least one concussion in the past 12 months. Both male and female students who had experienced a concussion were more likely to report physical fighting, weapon carrying, and hopelessness. Male students with a concussion history were also more likely to report suicide attempts than male students without a concussion history. Findings indicate that concussions are associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts, suicide capability, and hopelessness among male adolescents and suicide capability and hopelessness among female adolescents. They further suggest a need for additional mental health support and safety policies for student-athletes and other at-risk adolescents.

The modern legal definition of a young specialist: a look through the methodology of scien-tific research in the field of law

The purpose of the article is to characterize the modern legal definition of a young specialist through the prism of the methodology of scientific research in the field of law. It is noted that at all times one of the most urgent problems of the state that needed to be solved was the problem of employment of graduates of educational institutions. Because it is precisely this category – representatives of the youth - who most acutely felt the various changes that were taking place in the economy, politics and, accordingly, resolved the issue of their choice of life path, the results of which reflected on the future of the state. It is noted that to date, changes have been made to the legislation regulating the legal status of a young specialist, but the problem of the definition of a "young specialist" has been solved by them, unfortunately, there were no current scientific studies that would consider this problem. Attention is focused on the fact that guarantees of youth labor rights, being important ways of implementing the state youth policy, have a positive effect on the process of youth socialization, however, their effectiveness largely depends on the legal certainty of the category to which these guarantees are provided. Therefore, a rule of law containing a definition of a concept must be qualitative, based on the needs of practice and the results of modern legal science, in particular methodology, as its component. It is concluded that high-quality legal regulation takes place in the case when legal norms are formed taking into account the achievements of modern science, based on its methodology, which allows obtaining high-quality results in the form of high-quality legal norms, clear and understandable, which form a single legal mechanism that allows it is possible for individuals to exercise their rights without hindrance. In the course of the conducted research, it was established that the modern legal definition of a young specialist through the methodology of scientific research in the field of law, at the moment, does not differ in those qualities that would indicate high-quality legal regulation, and therefore needs updating. The author provided suggestions for improving the current legislation regarding the definition of the concept of "young specialist".

Business activity of modern students in the context of the state management system development.

In order to effectively interact in modern society, a person must have the most up-to-date information and a new system of behavior. Market relations generate competition, the struggle for a vital resource and the possibility of self-preservation among others in almost all spheres of life. In the course of a sociological study of student youth, the foundations of business activity, initiative, entrepreneurship, characteristic features of economic behavior and economic consciousness were revealed. One of the most important indicators of the level of human viability in conditions of uncertainty is business activity. People's behavior and social reforms are in constant interaction. The pace of change in modern societies is so fast that people's business activity and their willingness to productively change the world around becomes one of the key factors in the development of society. At previous historical stages, society has always had a more or less clear idea of «what kind of society is this?», «where did it come from?», and «what is its purpose?». The question «who are we?» in the social sense was obvious. Today, the identity of Russians is vague and undefined. It is easy to answer the question who we were. But the answers to the questions «who are we?», and even more so, «who will we be tomorrow?» seem far from so obvious. In modern socio-economic conditions, the assessment of the business qualities of student youth is not only vital for the youth themselves, but also crucial for the formation of state youth policy.

The association of objectively measured sedentary time with asthma in US youth: A glimpse into the connection between obesity and asthma.

Evidence suggests that asthma and obesity may share a common pathway, possibly through an increase in inflammation. Sedentary time is thought to promote both inflammation and obesity and previous studies have found a relationship between self-reported sedentary and asthma.However, the relationship between objectively measured sedentary time and asthma is not well described. We hypothesized that the association between asthma and sedentary time would not be present when physical activity was measured objectively, nor would objectively-measured sedentary time play an important role in the relationship between asthma and obesity. To determine if there is an association between asthma and objectively measured sedentary time in a large, nationally representative sample of theUnited States youth. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006, we assessed the relationship between asthma and sedentary time using objectively measured and self-reported measures of sedentary time, in 6-19 years-old subjects with available accelerometry data. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine associations between the risk of asthma and sedentary time controlling for accelerometer wear time, gender, age, race/ethnicity, body mass index percentile, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). In this cohort, youth with asthma self-reported more time in sedentary behavior, specifically computer time, than those without asthma (p = 0.01). However, when sedentary time was measured objectively by accelerometry, sedentary time did not differ between youth with and without asthma (421 min [standard deviation 4.2] versus. 414 min [standard deviation 7.8] [p = 0.38]). Controlling for measures of activity, such as MVPA, or time spent in long versus short bouts of sedentary time did not modify our results. Differences in sedentary time by self-report between those with and without asthma were not born out by examining sedentary time using objective measures. Further work is necessary to examine the complex interaction among inactivity, obesity, and asthma over time, specifically focusing on whether the type of sedentary activity (e.g., computer vs. television time) is important.

Научный взгляд на ценностные установки современной российской молодёжи: почему не складывается целостная картина?

The publication presents the author’s explanation of the reason why the picture of the value political orientations of young people, created by the efforts of many domestic researchers, does not look holistic and convincing enough to be used as an indisputable argument when choosing directions and methods for implementing state youth policy. The problem is not that different researchers build a hierarchy of values in different ways, to which the minds of young people are oriented. In a specific study, the greater significance of some values and the lesser significance of others is often determined, naturally, by its objectives, methodology, and conditions. The materials and conclusions presented in them convince the reader that the value orientations of young people for modern and future Russian politics contain as many threats as there are prerequisites for the state and society to be able to counter these threats. Such a “balanced” result of scientific research does not allow us to identify a trend towards changes in the value orientations of young people and, accordingly, to choose the most important direction for the implementation of state youth policy. The source of contradictions in the opinions of researchers about the state of value orientations of young people, the author considers the commitment of researchers to the social myth about youth, according to which the younger generation is both a risk factor for basic social practices and the main resource for their development.

Associations of Maternal Age, Education, and Marital Status with HPV Vaccine Uptake and Hesitancy among United States Youth: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 2020 National Immunization Survey

Study ObjectiveHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is proven to reduce the risk of HPV-associated cancers and lesions. Factors associated with HPV vaccine receipt or rejection have been studied, but specific maternal characteristics driving uptake among teens requires further investigation. The aim of this study was to examine maternal characteristics influencing teen vaccine uptake and intent to vaccinate. Study DesignCross-sectional analysis MethodsWe analyzed data on 27,320 teens aged 13-17 using the 2020 National Immunization Survey-Teen. We constructed regression models to determine the associations, via relative risk, between child vaccination status and maternal characteristics. ResultsCompared with mothers with less education, those with a college degree were significantly more likely to have their children receive HPV vaccination (RR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11-1.26). Compared to mothers under 35 years, those aged 35-44 (RR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14) and over 45 (RR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.21) were more likely to provide HPV vaccination to their child. Among children not previously vaccinated (n = 12,098; N = 5,752,355), educated mothers were significantly less likely to report intent to vaccinate their child in the next year. There was no significant difference in vaccination rates in mothers who were married compared with never married (RR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.02). ConclusionMaternal education was the strongest predictor of teens receiving the HPV vaccine. Among mothers with teens not previously vaccinated, intent to obtain the HPV vaccine for their child was higher among mothers with less education compared with college-level educated mothers. Understanding maternal characteristics driving HPV vaccine hesitancy can inform targeted approaches to improve vaccine uptake in children. Additionally, adequate and consistent health messaging on the safety, efficacy, and benefits of HPV vaccination from health providers and public health agencies could increase uptake among adolescents and teens of vaccine-hesitant mothers.

Micro-Erasures: How an "Evidence-Based" Violence Intervention with Indigenous Youth Advances Cultural Genocide

Abstract: In this case study of an evidence-based violence intervention with Indigenous youth in the southwestern United States, Cruz examines four different types of what he calls "micro-erasures": individual-level interactions that correct, pathologize, punish, or otherwise supplant Indigenous ways of being with the taken-for-granted norms of settler society. Using critical realist grounded-theory methods, he demonstrates how these micro-level practices advance the colonial crimes of cultural imperialism and cultural genocide in often subtle and unconscious ways. To rectify the harms caused by these practices, recommendations for both healing and liberation (beyond traditional Marxism) are discussed.

Social programming as a technology of youth policy

The article deals with social programming as a tool for the formation of state youth policy. The thesis on the ability of historical politics as a tool of social programming to provide legitimization of power by means of fixing it in programs and strategies is substantiated.

How Europe’s Former Communist States Have Added More Variety without Extending the Range of Variation in the Continent’s Education-to-Work Transitions

Europe’s family of diverse education-to-work transition regimes has been able to enlarge eastwards without adding to the range of variation. Former communist states have been able to restart their pre-communist educational histories without difficulty. This is largely on account of the pivotal position of academic secondary schools throughout the continent. This position was established prior to, and continued under communism. The schools were able to preserve their country-specific titles and qualifications, and also ages of entry for pupils which always depended on a test of academic ability. The schools had already become and remained their countries’ principal routes towards careers in the professions and management, and also in the public services and administration that were enlarged everywhere as countries industrialised and modernised, and as access to academic schools was opened to all the talents, not just children whose families were able to pay. Since the collapse of communism, the proportions of children receiving an academic secondary education then enrolling in their countries’ universities, have expanded across the continent, east and west, north and south. The extent of this expansion has depended on the career prospects associated with alternative routes forward in secondary education and training. These alternatives are sometimes, but always misleadingly, all called “vocational”. However, their attractions and repulsions always depend on the severity of any “sideling”, and the strength of the “safety-nets” that the alternatives offer. In these respects, the new EU member states exhibit the same range of variation as found among older EU members, but with one importance difference. All types of employment within their own countries towards which youth in the new member states can head are much lower-paid, and the gap is not closing.

The specific character of the contemporary Russian youth policy in the context of problematization of the youth subjectness principle

The aim of the article is to consider the specific character of youth policy in contemporary Russia by retrospectively analyzing its establishment, its laws and regulations, its theories (types and models) conceptualized depending on youth perception patterns (as a problem or resource), the place and role of youth (as a subject or object). The action-activity-based approach, rooted in the ideas of leading sociologists P. Bourdieu, A. Giddens, P. Sztompka, serves as methodological framework. Results: The dependence of the youth policy on the president’s agenda, its secondariness, its non-publicity and uninformativity, governmental-paternalistic focus, abundant fictions and simulations, archaism, marketing logic, etc. have been revealed. These features are attributable to substitution of youth policy for its specific format – state (government) youth policy. As corrective measures, it is proposed to make the youth subjectness principle real (through the development of civil society institutions). Conclusion: Considering that the identified problems stem from the dissonance between the youth subjectness principle declared in the scientific-theoretical discourse and regulatory environment and the absence of political will and conditions for actualizing this principle, the hope for fundamental transformation of the Russian youth policy is premature.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ МОЛОДЕЖНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА: ВУЗ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ УСЛОВИЙ САМОРЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ

The article presents a conceptual vision of purposeful, in the context of the implementation of the state youth policy, the creation of conditions for the self-realization of students in higher education. Thanks to the use of theoretical and methodological tools of the activity-activist approach, a complex of set (desired) motivating and stimulating components of student youth activity (values, competencies, targets), as well as purposefully set by the state conditions (systemic, structural, functional, etc. aspects) of students’ self-realization at the university is considered.

ПОЛИТИКА РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ НАУЧНО-ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА МОЛОДЁЖИ БЕЛАРУСИ: РАЗВИТИЕ ИНСТИТУТОВ

The goal is to consider the main directions of the development of the scientific and innovative potential of the youth in Belarus in the framework of the "Strategy for the Development of the Youth Policy of the Republic of Belarus until 2030". The authors analyzed statistical data on a number of indicators: the number of applicants for postgraduate and doctoral studies, identified several of the most popular sectors of Belarusian youth employment: IT technologies, catering and hotel business, wholesale and retail trade, car repair; sphere of financial services, insurance services, scientific activity. It is noted that in the process of obtaining higher education, as a way of earning money during the holidays, student youth groups remain popular with students. Based on the results of the analysis, the strengths of the implemented state youth policy were identified and possible tools for its long-term development aimed at acquiring and developing competencies among young people were proposed. Among the most demanded competencies are the development of entrepreneurial abilities, training in start-up design and project technologies, and innovation management. The authors also indicated the need to improve the forms of work with gifted youth in universities (including in the learning process, more active use of new innovation design tools).

THE EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN YOUTH POLICY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The purpose of the article is to analyze the use of the historical experience of foreign countries in the imple-mentation of youth policy in modern Russia. The youth policy of European states has many common features with the Russian youth policy de-spite its national characteristics. This is primarily due to the specifics of youth as an object of policy. At the same time, this direction of policy is mainly imple-mented in three main areas: solving urgent problems of youth in various spheres of society, supporting the youth movement and ensuring youth participation in society. Unlike Russia, youth policy in foreign coun-tries is based on the principles of centralization and decentralization. As a result, the authors come to conclusion that we should also actively use the European experience based on the principle of subsidiarity, when questions are sent to the central level, answers to which cannot be obtained locally. After analyzing the main differ-ences in the implementation of youth policy in the Russian Federation and the EU countries the authors note that, despite some similarities in the main aspects of youth policy in the Russian Federation and the EU countries, the differences remain significant and have an impact on understanding of the essence of the state youth policy.

МОДЕЛИ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ В МОЛОДЁЖНОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ СОВЕТСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ 1917–1923 ГГ.

The purpose of the article is to study the state youth policy of the Soviet government at the initial stage and formation of the Soviet statehood. The authors analyze the special features of the development of student self-government bodies, the process of determining the degree of their loyalty to the Soviet government, effectiveness of the impact on young people, choosing a model of the relationship between the formed bodies and the party organizations of universities. To study the student self-government model in the youth policy of the Soviet government between 1917 and 1923 and to obtain a more complete and accurate understanding of the principles and mechanisms of functioning of the model, its results and effectiveness, as well as its uniqueness in the context of other stu-dent self-government models, the following methods are used: historical method, sociological, comparative, statistical, combined methods. As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that strengthening political influence on young people is in need. This function was transferred to the Kom-somol organizations of universities under the party bodies leadership. As an additional structure of student self-government, student trade unions were organized, which took over the organization of student life in the broad sense of the word.

МОЛОДІЖНЕ БЕЗРОБІТТЯ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ ТА РОЗРОБКА ЗАХОДІВ ЩОДО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРАЦЕВЛАШТУВАННЯ МОЛОДІ

In the article, the problems of youth employment during martial law, as well as the causes of youth unemployment and ways to solve them are researched. The attention is focused on the fact that to overcome youth unemployment, it is important to direct the key guidelines of the state youth policy and the employment policy to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 8, which will involve the gradual transition to a modern innovative model, the priority of which will be a qualified highly paid workforce, and that shall contribute to the reduction of unemployment and the improvement of the living standard of the working population (including youth).The dynamics of the youth number in Ukraine, as well as its distribution by age, were studied. The selection of the most popular specialties chosen by young people was conducted, and their compliance with the needs of the labor market of Ukraine was assessed. It has been proven that when choosing a future profession, the applicants should ask what kinds of specialists will be needed, which will help to avoid the risk of replenishing the unemployment rank, taking into account the fact that there will be significant changes in the professional structure of the labor demand due to the post-war recovery of the country. The statistical data of the number of the officially registered unemployed were researched, TOP –5 the most sought-after vacancies in the labor market at the beginning of 2023, and the salary level, the reason of the refusal by youth from actual vacancies were outlined.It has been proven that the activation of the processes of the youth migration significantly affect the unemployment level in Ukraine. The employment level of youth abroad was assessed. To reduce the youth unemployment level, the authors proposed some measures, including: changing the vector of the career guidance work, monitoring the employers’ expectations and aligning the mastering of the necessary competencies during the profession acquisition; involving the youth in recovery processes under the “Vidnova” program; stimulation of the labor demand through the formation of a state order for the specialties that are strategically important for the country; development of the measures to actively restore the country’s economic potential, which will help to return young people who have forcibly migrated abroad.

Mechanisms of the state youth policy (in the example of the republic of Azerbaijan)

Mechanisms of the state youth policy (in the example of the republic of Azerbaijan)

AUDIT OF THE YOUTH POLICY ECOSYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION: A RISK-REFLEXIVE APPROACH (PART 1)

The main goal of the presented study is to analyze the features of the development of state youth policy in the Russian Federation in the context of digitalization. The authors start from the modern understanding of the foundations of social audit as a critical analysis of the efficiency of modern youth policy through the study of mechanisms and methods, processes of constituting meanings and gaining the rights of young people to self-realization and social innovation, achieving a conflict balance of their expectations with institutional norms and resources. As the main theoretical tool for auditing the efficiency of youth policy in the digital environment, the potential of a risk-reflexive approach to assessing interactions and conflict/cooperation between society and the state in generational optics is used. The ideas of risk-reflexive management are considered as a normative basis for focusing the audit of youth policy not only on institutions and organizational structures, but above all on values and meanings. The audit of youth policy is disclosed in the article as a check for the compliance of its goals and methods with the tasks of youth socialization, its adaptation in a risky society in the context of global information confrontation and risk assessment. The article proposes a risk-reflexive interpretation of the criteria for the efficiency of strategic management in the field of youth policy implementation (productivity, security, development, satisfaction). Based on the analysis of the social capital concept, its “triad” (trust, cultural norms and social networks) and forms, the article reveals the specific features of strategies for young people to choose models of response to social and political problems, proposes an original classification of youth policy using “bonding” and “bridging” types.

Государственная молодёжная политика и её концептуальные направления для социально-экономического и культурного развития страны

Under conditions of global challenges and threats to the country’s national security, young people are the most vulnerable to foreign policy influence and formation of views and values that are alien and not applicable to our country and do not correspond to our national ideology. At the same time, young people are the driving force that influences and will influence political and economic processes in the country and in the world, determine the future development directions of the civilization and the states. According to the author, education, training and professional development of Russian youth should be developed on the systemic basis taking into account the strategic directions of the Russian state development, its sovereignty and integral unity preservation. And that is the determination of the topic relevance of the article. The purpose of the study is to scientifically comprehend the impact of state youth policy, which is based on the conceptual directions of youth policy development strategy, on socio-economic stabilization and Russia’s cultural development. Dialectical, systemic and structural-functional methodological approaches, as well as methods of statistical and comparative analysis are used in the article. The author made a review of the priority areas of state youth policy taking into account the opinions of political scientists, sociologists, historians and economists. As a result, the reasons and conditions for the development and discussion of key areas of youth work in the coming years, and the monitoring results of youth participation in the programs and projects under conditions of geopolitical instability are summed up. In addition, conceptual directions of formation and implementation of state youth policy for socio-economic and cultural transformations in the country are formulated.

ВЛИЯНИЕ МОЛОДЁЖНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ НА СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКУЮ СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ В УСЛОВИЯХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИОННЫХ СДВИГОВ

The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of youth problems on socio-political stability in the context of transformational shifts. The author notes that on the one hand new generations have powerful energy and stand as a resource for social development. On the other hand, these generations also contain a destabilizing potential. There are both positional (unemployment, alcoholism, drug addiction) and symbolic problems (political destruction, conflict over values). These problems pose a challenge to the state and society. It would endanger socio-political stability to ignore solutions. The author believes that most of the existing problems can be solved within the framework of the state youth policy and state programs, taking into account socio-political and socio-cultural contexts. In this case, the potential of new generations is realized in the interests of the development of society. As a result, the author draws conclusions about the causes of the problems of new generations, and presents a conceptual understanding of ways to solve the problems of youth in the conditions of transformational shifts. In addition, the author substantiates the pattern of the influence of youth problems on socio-political stability.

Экономическая эффективность реализации спортивных студенческих проектов в контексте государственной молодёжной политики

In the Russian Federation, there is a high level of interest in the formation of a healthy lifestyle among the youth and the development of student sports. The relevance of the title problem is determined by the general understanding that those states that can effectively and productively use the innovative potential of development, the main carrier of which is the youth, will have strategic advantages. The object of the study is the Student Basketball Association (SBA) of Russia as one of the priority actors in the implementation of the state youth policy in the field of sports, the subject is the effectiveness of the implementation of student sports projects (on the example of the NCAA Russia Tour basketball tournament). The purpose of the study is to identify and evaluate the main indicators that affect the formation and effectiveness of the implementation of the basketball project. The task (in relation to the project of the NCAA Russia Tour basketball tournament) is to evaluate the effectiveness of the main performance indicators of the ASB. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical principle and the principle of comprehensiveness, complex, activity and system approaches. The solution of the task has been carried out on the basis of the application of general logical methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. Of the private scientific methods, the method of a pilot sociological survey has been used. As a result of the study, it is found that the current state problem of the development of youth sports can also be implemented through the development of profitable basketball projects. As a result of the study, the structure of the main consumers of services and participants in the ABS was established; Calculation and evaluation of the financial indicators of CSB projects are carried out, which has showed that with professional management and marketing, basketball tournaments can be profitable. The main conclusion of the study is that the development and implementation of such projects contributes to the creation of favorable conditions for physical culture and sports, the promotion of the values of a healthy lifestyle for young people, the creation of conditions for the formation of a harmonious, constantly improving, erudite, competitive personality.