State Programs Research Articles

Петровский «Аптекарский дом» в Китай-городе. Судьба исчезнувшего здания Москвы

The Moscow ensemble of the Main Pharmacy was built in the first decade of the 18th century and turned out to be one of the most remarkable buildings in Russia. The new construction attracted attention due to the location between the Nikolsky Gates of the Kremlin, the Resurrection Gates of Kitay-Gorod and the Berg Office of the Mint. The architecture of the building successfully combined the best traditions of ancient Russian architecture with the techniques of Western European building art and elements of oriental decoration. Polychrome volumetric tiles played special role in the design of the multi-tiered main facade. These ceramic inserts formed the platband frames, order details, friezes, cornices and other elements. According to the state programs of Peter I for the development of the pharmacy business, special attention was paid to the new building, and contemporaries called the erected Pharmacy “one of the best in the world”. The experience of creating the ensemble and the appearance of the building influenced the character of the new parade construction of the public architecture of St. Petersburg. This explains the interest in the study of the building, which was lost in 1874. In order to understand and visualize the changes in the state of the building, its graphic reconstructions of different historical stages were carried out. The presented digital models reflect not only the external solution of the facades, but also the arrangement of the internal layout.

The role of investment projects in ensuring the economic security of regions

The main purpose of the work is to assess the impact of investment projects on ensuring the economic security of the country. It is concluded that investments are one of the main characteristics of the state's activities and allow solving existing economic or social problems, including those that can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. The article solves the following tasks: an assessment of the investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region was carried out; an assessment of the current level of investment activity in the region was carried out. Attention is paid to the study of the state program of the Russian Federation "Economic development and innovative Economy" and its directions, an analysis of the financing of subprograms. Also, the rating of the investment attractiveness of the regions is considered. The methodological basis of the research is based on a set of methods of economic research combined with a systematic approach to the study of this problem. Currently, the economy of the Russian Federation is facing many problems caused by the difficult political situation, sanctions against Russia and other reasons. Achieving socio-economic goals has become impossible without investing. The role of investments is high, since thanks to the investment, the accumulation of public capital is carried out, they contribute to economic growth, the renewal of technologies, the improvement of professional qualities the employees and the development of infrastructure. They also can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. Investments are one of the driving forces of economic development, since they make it possible to modernize existing and create new business facilities, and can also be aimed at solving other socio-economic problems.

АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА РАЗВИТИЕ РЫНКА ТРУДА И СИСТЕМЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The purpose of the paper is to analyze and identify patterns associated with the transformation of the labor market and the system of secondary vocational and higher education, as well as the relationship between the main indicators characterizing their development. To determine the degree of influence of structural unemployment on the socio-economic development of the country and the labor market, as well as to establish the causes of the qualification gap, the authors carried out an analysis of the main indicators of secondary vocational and higher education. The study used systematic and comparative approaches, structural analysis, and statistical information processing methods. The research results showed that there has been a trend in the demand for training programs for specialists with secondary vocational education, and the number of students of specialized specialties and graduates of specialized educational institutions is increasing. Measures are also being taken to improve the training of specialists with higher education: the number of university students is being optimized, and educational programs aimed at training priority specialists for the economy are being updated. An analysis of state programs for the development of higher education showed that strategic goals and objectives in this area are being implemented in accordance with the established tasks.

Нормативно-правовое регулирование гидротехнических сооружений и их влияние на водную безопасность Республики Казахстан

The article discusses the issues of regulatory regulation and control of hydraulic structures (hereinafter referred to as GTS), as well as the current system of public administration. The purpose is to identify the problems of legal regulation of ensuring the safe management of GTS and to develop proposals for improving the current legislation and the mechanism of state regulation. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:– to determine the regulatory framework governing the system for ensuring the safe operation of GTS;– to identify responsible state bodies whose powers include the implementation of state policy in the field of water management, including regulation and control over the activities of GTS owners;– to identify conflicts in the norms of national law that impede the safe operation of GTS and problems of public administration in the field of GTS. The GTS is a complex mechanism that performs several tasks simultaneously to meet the needs of the country's economy and population. Consequently, the GTS system needs not only clear legislative regulation, but also effective public management.Every year, the state spends billions of budget funds within the framework of national projects and state programs aimed at reforming the GTS system, which currently represents materially worn-out water management facilities erected during the Soviet era.Currently, there are about 1,700 GTS in Kazakhstan, which, instead of developing the country's energy and agriculture sectors, are a burden on the country's budget. The lack of proper state control over the activities of GTS owners, combined with the lack of clear legislative regulation, creates a risk of emergency situations that can negatively affect the ecosystem of the region, as well as hydropower and irrigation in general. The results of the study made it possible to identify current problems of a legislative nature, the public administration system and develop proposals for their solution.

СТРАТЕГИЯ «ЗЕЛЕНОЙ» РЕИНДУСТРИАЛИЗАЦИИ: УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКИЕ И ФИНАНСОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ

The article discusses the arguments related to the financial features of managing "green" industrial reindustrialization. The stages of evolution of business models of industrial enterprises within the framework of transition to sustainable development and technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation are described. The concept of "green" industry is interpreted, and its essential characteristics are revealed. The dynamics of changes in the eco-investment index values is presented and the forecast of the use of energy efficiency technologies in certain sectors of the Russian industry in the period 2021-2023 is presented. The paper discusses the results of the implementation of "green" renewable energy projects and the introduction of industrial eco-technologies by Russian oil and gas companies in the context of Russia's adoption of the updated Climate Doctrine. The article offers an interpretation of the volume of budget allocations for decarbonization, the development of alternative energy sources and the transition to a closed-loop economy in the draft Federal Budget of the Russian Federation for 2024 and the planning period 2025-2026 in the context of state programs and federal projects. The main directions of industrial policy within the development of the strategic scenario for the "green" reindustrialization of the Russian economy are proposed.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО ЧАСУ

The article examines the perspective of development and the problems of restoring human capital in the conditions of full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of the development of human capital during the pre-war period are analyzed; attention is focused on the losses and gains of human capital in the conditions of martial law. The main direct losses of Ukraine’s human capital are singled out, including: mass emigration of citizens abroad and internal migration, irreparable losses among the civilian population, forced deportation, and the death of military personnel. Indirect losses are indicated, among which the impossibility of fully using intellectual and creative potential, the destruction of educational infrastructure, the imposition of a foreign language and cultural values, the temporary suspension of the educational process, as a result, the deterioration of the quality of educational services. The main strategic measures for the development and restoration of the human capital of Ukraine in wartime and postwar conditions are proposed. The main strategic measures for the restoration of human capital include the reconstruction of destroyed housing and critical infrastructure, which must take place on a fundamentally new basis. Such reconstruction should focus not on installing broken windows, but on building so-called "smart" cities. The next measure should be the creation of programs for starting and stimulating the development of entrepreneurial activity and self-employment of the population, which is the main prerequisite for creating an environment in the country to which it is worth returning. An important addition to the measures mentioned above is the development and implementation of state programs for psychological support of families separated because of the war. This situation causes a breakdown in family relations, which can be exacerbated by increasing economic instability. It is precisely because of these circumstances that it is expedient for the state to create and implement social programs aimed at the psychological rehabilitation of family reunification.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

The article examines the role of state regulation in the development of rural areas. It is determined that the balance of rural development depends on many factors and requires the application of many conceptual approaches to determining the directions of formation of a comfortable living environment for the populationEnsuring the successful implementation of the developed methods of supporting the development of rural areas of Ukraine relies on the legislative framework and the formation of the necessary resources. The specifics of the concept of sustainable rural development in Ukraine are as follows focusing primarily on the development of the agricultural sector. In addition, it is important to assess the problems and opportunities for rural development from the standpoint of agro-landscape, natural and geographical, organizational, economic, social and ethnic support of the object and to determine the specifics of all types of activities in this area. The formation of the instrumentarium of the state policy of sustainable development of rural areas for the period before the war in the Kharkiv region was based on the national concept of economic development of Ukraine. The war, which has been going on in Ukraine since February 2022, has made significant changes to the formation of the regional development strategy, as the implementation of its pre-war provisions is becoming impossible. In accordance with the martial law, the regulatory framework reflected in the regulatory documents that adjust the state strategy for the development of rural areas. State regulation in such conditions requires a more flexible approach to solving multilevel tasks of protection, restoration and search for opportunities for the country's development in the future. It is noted that in the current conditions of warfare on the territory of Ukraine, it is very important to substantiate and use various approaches to ensure the preservation and further creation of conditions for sustainable development of rural areas. Solving this problem will be one of the main areas of state support and implementation of targeted state programs and strategies aimed at developing the infrastructure of rural areas of Ukraine with a view to reviving the national economy.

The Changing Role of the United States in the Global Agricultural Trade

The agriculture sector in the United States depends upon exports for its vitality. Sales of U.S. agricultural products abroad are responsible for 20 percent of U.S. farm income, supporting more than one million American jobs on and off the farm, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Government pays great attention to supporting exports as an important factor in the stability of agriculture and the well-being of American farmers. The U.S. Department of Agriculture implements more than 20 state programs for financial, informational, educational and technical support for exports; its representative offices abroad are actively working to promote American agricultural products and search for new markets. Free Intergovernmental Trade Agreements help expand foreign markets for U.S. producers and exporters by reducing or eliminating trade barriers, protecting U.S. economic interests. The ХХ1st century has brought increased competition in the world market due to the entry of new exporters. The competitive prices they offer and the high quality of products for many importers became significant factors that determined the choice in favor of these countries. As a result, the U.S. position in the world market has noticeably deteriorated. The country has lost its leadership in exporting a number of major agricultural products, and for the first time in 60 years, the United States has become a net importer of agricultural products.

Creation of a general state program of national patriotic education. Explanation of the fundamental basics of state security, its essence based on national history and authenticity

Creation of a general state program of national patriotic education. Explanation of the fundamental basics of state security, its essence based on national history and authenticity

МЕСТО И РОЛЬ МАЛОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В ОПТОВОЙ ТОРГОВЛЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ КОНСОЛИДАЦИИ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКОГО РЫНКА

The digital age provides industries with innovative tools, inevitably transforming traditional business processes into new models. Over the past two decades, trade has undergone significant changes, going from family-format chain stores to eco-systems aimed at making profits for investors, radically changing the business goals and objectives of trade organizations. The possibilities of functioning and maintaining the competitiveness of wholesale trade enterprises belonging to small business entities in the context of total globalization require separate study. The authors investigated the role of wholesale trade of small businesses in modern conditions. The specifics of the product being sold are indicated, which allows the functioning of these trading enterprises in the paradigm of fierce competition from medium and large businesses. The functions of wholesale trade of small businesses are defined, including in conditions of unstable geopolitics and disruption of logistics chains. The social role of wholesale trade related to small business entities in the consumer market is formulated. The prospects for the development of wholesale trade of small businesses within the framework of the implementation of state programs at the national and regional levels, as well as in the process of implementing international logistics projects (international transport corridors) are substantiated.

ОПЫТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ SWOT-АНАЛИЗА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТА ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЕЙ ПРИ ПРОВЕДЕНИИ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА, РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ И КАПИТАЛЬНОГО РЕМОНТА

Significance. The principal attention of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Russian Ministry of Health is focused on health preservation and health promotion, development of conditions for increasing access to and quality of medical care, including infrastructure development, renewal and upgrade of material and technical resources of medical organizations, and introduction of new modern medical technologies. Construction, reconstruction, and capital repair of health care facilities are implemented within the framework of state programs and projects through budgetary funding with direct participation of head physicians as customers of project and construction works and responsible for the upkeep of medical organizations. The purpose of the study was to conduct a SWOT analysis and substantiate its use as a tool for increasing management efficiency of a medical organization during construction, reconstruction and capital repair. Material and methods. Research methods: analytical, classical methodology of SWOT analysis, content analysis, statistical, expert assessments. The study used the 2021-2022 data of the federal statistical observation form No. 30 “Information about a medical organization”, audit materials of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, and reports of the pilot constituent entities of the Russian Federation. A SWOT analysis of 20 state medical organizations participating in healthcare modernization programs was carried out in the following constituent entities of the Russian Federation: the Republics of Tatarstan, Crimea, the cities of Moscow and Sevastopol. Results of the study identified groups of factors that influence the current state of meeting the need for construction, reconstruction, and capital repair of medical organizations: external influence (opportunities and threats) that are not directly controlled by the management of a medical organization, as well as strengths and weaknesses, manageable at the local level. Conclusion. The conducted SWOT analysis of the current state of medical organizations show that efficient management of infrastructure development at a modern level, ensuring safe provision of accessible and high-quality medical care, is possible by improving the quality of initial decisions for pre-project documentation and construction (reconstruction) assignments, capital repair of medical organizations with the participation of head physicians. We consider it important to increase the level of competency of head physicians and their teams for implementing the above processes.

Analysis of the fisheries industry and the development of its feed supply, taking into account biologically active substances

The study presents the results of the assessment of the current state of the fisheries complex, the dynamics of extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources, the state of the feed industry for certain types of feed. The study was conducted on the basis of relevant statistical, scientific, practical, and other materials in the field of activity of the fishery complex. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the key indicators identified. The State Program for the development of the fishery complex of the Russian Federation. A significant place in ensuring the positive dynamics of the development of the fishing industry is given to feed. Indicators of feed production are generally growing for older age and sex fish groups. Nevertheless, for the repair of young animals at the early stages of cultivation, to stimulate vitality and immunity, so-called starter, production and functional feeds containing specific ingredients and probiotics are required - biologically active substances that are not produced enough. As a result, a significant proportion of imported feed remains.

ОТРАЖЕНИЕ В ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОГРАММАХ СУБЪЕКТОВ ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА СПЕЦИФИКИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

The main ideas of the regional environmental policy are presented in the programmes «Environment Protection». These programs accumulate the tasks, which solution ensures the achievement of environmental targets in the outlines of the socio-economic development of a particular territory. The hypothesis of the current research states that the raw material specialization of the economic development of the Far Eastern Federal district has an impact on the solution of the targets identified in the environmental programs and reduces their effectiveness. The purpose of this paper, which is part of the authors’ large-scale research aimed at improving the structure of environmental programmes, is to reveal the specifics of the formation and content of environmental protection programmes in regions specializing in the extractive sectors of the economy. The study is based on the information of the state programmes «Environmental Protection» of five Far Eastern subjects adopted for the period 2020–2025: Magadan region, Sakhalin region, Sakha Republic, Chukotka Autonomous District, Kamchatka Krai. These subjects are characterized by high potential of economic development and also predominance of resource industries in the territorial sectoral structure of the economy. The article analyses 205 indicators of ecological programmes of resource regions. It was found that only 17% of all indicators are aimed at improving the environmental situation, 13% ensure this process, 23% are not directly related to the environmental issues. It was concluded that the content of the programmes does not fully correspond to the priority areas of environmental policy, such as rational environmental management and reducing the negative impact on the environment, waste management, etc. The identified drawbacks of environmental programmes of resource-oriented regions should be taken into account in the formation of further environmental policy, while the new programmes should reflect the resource specialization of the regional economy in the form of special indicators.

Sustainable development of the state healthcare programme system at the regional level

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the existence of a system of state programmes at the regional level, which are considered to be the basis for sustainable, effective, and efficient activity of the health care system as a whole. They are the basis for generalising experience and developing proposals and recommendations for its dissemination at the regional level. Public administration in this segment has a number of characteristics, the analysis of the management system is the basis for sustainable development, efficiency and effectiveness of the state conditions of implementation in the field of health care. The object of the study is the health care system at the regional level. Subject of the study - Sustainable development of the health care system at the regional level. The objective of the study is to identify the characteristics of the implementation of state programmes at the regional level in the field of health care and to identify the directions of sustainable development. The focus of the study is determined by the need to identify the importance of the state programme system in the field of health care, including the system of management of sustainable development of programmes at the regional level, control. Based on research: 1. Criteria for improving the quality of health care in Russia are summarised. 2. The structure of the state health care development programme is analysed. 3. The role of the health care system at the regional level is identified. 4. Modelled directions of sustainable development of health care at the regional level are analysed. 5. The expected results of the development of the strategy of sustainable health care development at the regional level are summarised.

ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ЦИФРЛЫҚ БІЛІМ БЕРУ ОРТАСЫНДА SMART ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРДЫҢ ДАМУЫ

The aim of the study is to analyze the research of Kazakhstani and foreign scientists on the develop-ment of SMART education and its digital transformation in Kazakhstan. The article analyzes the most informative scientific articles of Kazakhstani and foreign scientists devoted to the study of the state, practical application and further use of SMART technology both in the Republic of Kazakhstan in general and in the country’s education system. The study examines and analyzes reliable academic databases such as Google Scholar, ERIC, Web of Science and SCOPUS, as well as relevant literature using govern-ment documents and materials from international conferences to study the main issues of digitalization in Kazakhstan. Mainly, the depth of publications for the past 5 years is taken. Based on the study of these works, the authors came to the conclusion that new digital technologies began to be actively introduced in Kazakhstan since 2018, after the adoption of the state program “Digital Kazakhstan” in December 2017. However, to date, Kazakhstan continues to lag behind many leading countries in the world in the implementation and application of new digital technologies. This allowed the authors to offer a number of recommendations that can significantly speed up this process and become one of the leading states in the digital era. The recommendations presented can help students, teachers and stakeholders effectively integrate digital technologies into the education system. The authors focused on expanding the use of SMART technology in the education system of Kazakhstan.

Bukhara from the history of the events of the organization of the air fleet of modern new technology and the introduction of aircraft

In 1920-1924, the activities carried out in Bukhara regarding the establishment of the air fleet and the establishment of airplane traffic were covered through the analysis of primary sources and literature. The discovery of airplanes as a means of transport and the beginning of their use is related to the history of countries in Europe such as France and Germany. In 1924, a total of 1,000 passengers, 200 kg of mail, and 5 tons of cargo were transported by air in our country. The history of the establishment of the air fleet and the arrival of the first airplanes in Turkestan dates back to the first decade of the 20th century. On March 28-29, 1912, the pilot Sedov flew over Tashkent in his plane, and on March 29, 4 women and 3 men flew over Tashkent. The guests who visited Tashkent also flew in an airplane and watched the city view from above. The article serves to improve state programs aimed at creating a new generation of history textbooks and training manuals, writing fundamental works, organizing special courses, and implementing socio-economic and cultural innovations.

The Positive Impact of the Family State Program on the Social Status of Large Families and the Encouragement of Birth in Georgia

Georgia belongs to a country with a small population, where one of the country's social challenges is the issue of population demography. Despite the fact that the country has one of the strongest social support state programs, which includes measures to support citizens, measures to support demography, birth rate, and large families are underrepresented in it. The article discusses the issues of solving demographic challenges in Georgia, effective implementation of family policy and introduction of incentive mechanisms for large families. The purpose of Nashom's research is to determine the role of state support policies and identify gaps based on the study of challenges related to the birth rate, encouragement and support of large families, demographic process. Introduction of recommendations for the improvement of demography and the state policy supporting large families in Georgia. Mixed-quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to carry out the research, and general research methods were used for data processing. As a result of analyzing the studied international scientific literature, statistical and scientific studies, legislative packages, the state policy of support for large families operating in Georgia, challenges and mechanisms for strengthening the state policy of support for large families were highlighted. The recommendations obtained as a result of the studied scientific material and the conducted research will support and improve the state policy of supporting large families in Georgia and will have a positive impact on demographic issues. The article will be interesting for representatives of the legislative and executive authorities, political entities, public administration specialists and experts.

The state of agricultural mechanics in the preparation of school-based agricultural education teachers

Agricultural mechanics is a primary subject area in school-based agricultural education (SBAE). Despite a high prevalence in SBAE, preservice and in-service SBAE teachers have frequently expressed concerns regarding teaching agricultural mechanics. Early 21st century research documented the characteristics of preservice SBAE teacher training in agricultural mechanics, although more recent studies have suggested that the agricultural mechanics training requirements have changed. This study sought to compare the agricultural mechanics preparation of preservice SBAE teachers between 2000 and 2021. A survey instrument was distributed to a representative of every institution with an undergraduate SBAE teacher preparation program in the contiguous United States, resulting in an 86.7% response rate. The results were compared to previous studies from 2000 and 2005. A reduction in the average number of required agricultural mechanics credit hours was found. Faculty perceptions of importance and preservice teacher preparation had increased slightly; however, deficits were found in all competency groups. Further research is warranted to determine the perceptions of preservice and in-service SBAE teachers regarding agricultural mechanics. Recommendations include that teacher educators evaluate current preparation methods for preservice SBAE teachers and provide professional development in the areas where the greatest training deficits were observed.

MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ACCELERATING REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA

International experiences show that one of the most important indicators for the sustainable and balanced development of each country is the socio-economic development level of the country's regions. The digital information presented by the digital economy is widely used in the direction of solving the socio-economic problems of the regions and opens great opportunities for increasing the effectiveness of the economic policy of the regions. Ensuring sustainable economic and social development of regions is part of the regional economic policy implemented by the state. Currently, in the international practice, the regional policy of the state is evaluated as an activity of managing economic and social development in the country through the creation of economic relations between the state and the regions of the country. Despite the implementation of a number of state programs in the field of socio-economic development of regions in the country, as well as the attention paid to regional development issues in a some program documents of the government and the achievement of certain progress in this direction, sharp differences and inequality between the levels of socio-economic development of the country's regions continue. does. This difference is particularly sharp between the Baku-Absheron zone and all other regions of the country. In the article, the current state of inequality in regional socio-economic development is analyzed based on official statistical data and its causes are investigated. Then, the policy steps implemented by the government so far in order to eliminate this problem are examined.The article examines the impact of measures resulting from the analysis of state programs and strategic road maps on the socio-economic development of regions. In the end, the economic benefits of digitization in economic regions were specified and presented in the form of recommendations.

Pengaruh Pendapatan Per Kapita Dan Kontribusi Sektor Jasa Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Di Negara Berpendapatan Tinggi Di Asia Timur Dan Pasifik Dengan Kualitas Peraturan Sebagai Pemoderasi

Tax is a state financial instrument imposed by the government. Taxes are collected to then finance state programs and activities. The role of taxes is very important for the development of a country. This study aims to analyze the influence exerted by per capita income, share of service in GDP, with Regulatory Quality as a moderator on tax revenues, especially those that occurred in high-income Asia Pacific countries in 2002-2019. The technique that the authors use is the analysis of panel data regression data that has been treated and selected the best model, namely the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS). The test results show that all variables simultaneously affect tax revenue. Partially, the share of service has a negative and significant effect while per capita income and the quality of regulations have no effect on tax revenues. Regulatory quality weakens the relationship between per capita income and tax revenues while not moderating the relationship between share of service in GDP and tax revenues. Based on the results of this study, the recommendation from the results of this study is that policies are needed that can maximize the service sector for acceptance and improve the quality of regulations on per capita income.