ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО ЧАСУ

Abstract

The article examines the perspective of development and the problems of restoring human capital in the conditions of full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of the development of human capital during the pre-war period are analyzed; attention is focused on the losses and gains of human capital in the conditions of martial law. The main direct losses of Ukraine’s human capital are singled out, including: mass emigration of citizens abroad and internal migration, irreparable losses among the civilian population, forced deportation, and the death of military personnel. Indirect losses are indicated, among which the impossibility of fully using intellectual and creative potential, the destruction of educational infrastructure, the imposition of a foreign language and cultural values, the temporary suspension of the educational process, as a result, the deterioration of the quality of educational services. The main strategic measures for the development and restoration of the human capital of Ukraine in wartime and postwar conditions are proposed. The main strategic measures for the restoration of human capital include the reconstruction of destroyed housing and critical infrastructure, which must take place on a fundamentally new basis. Such reconstruction should focus not on installing broken windows, but on building so-called "smart" cities. The next measure should be the creation of programs for starting and stimulating the development of entrepreneurial activity and self-employment of the population, which is the main prerequisite for creating an environment in the country to which it is worth returning. An important addition to the measures mentioned above is the development and implementation of state programs for psychological support of families separated because of the war. This situation causes a breakdown in family relations, which can be exacerbated by increasing economic instability. It is precisely because of these circumstances that it is expedient for the state to create and implement social programs aimed at the psychological rehabilitation of family reunification.