Condition Of Periodontal Tissues Research Articles

INDEX ASSESSMENT OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES AND DETERMINATION OF TREATMENT NEEDS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE

This study addresses the pressing scientific and practical issue in modern dentistry: enhancing dental care effectiveness for patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease. The purpose of this research is to comprehensively assess the condition of tooth-supporting tissues and quantify inflammatory phenomena in periodontal tissues among patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease, as well as to determine the necessary extent of periodontal care based on periodontal indices. Participants and methods. The periodontal tissues of 719 patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease from the Rheumatology Department of Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, along with 290 clinically healthy individuals in the comparison group, were examined. To evaluate the clinical course of dystrophic-inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease, we examined 267 individuals in the main group who had generalized periodontitis, categorized as follows: 42 patients with initial stage (I degree), 115 with moderate (II degree), and 110 with severe (III degree) periodontitis. The comparison group comprised 70 patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis, among them, 21 had initial-stage disease, 29 had moderate-stage disease, and 20 had severe-stage disease. During the analysis, the oral hygiene was assessed by applying hygienic indices by J.C. Green and J.R. Vermillion (OHI-S, 1964) and Fedorov-Volodkina. The Muhlemann and Son index was used to objectively measure gingival papillary bleeding (RVI); the papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA) in the Parma modification, in combination with the Schiller-Pysarev test (1989), was employed to evaluate gingival inflammation. The periodontal index (PI) by A.L. Russel (1956) was used to assess the state of periodontal tissues, and pathological changes were recorded using the periodontal screening PSR test. Results were scored, and based on established criteria and scores, the need for treatment and its extent were determined. Results and discussion. According to the results of dental examinations in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease, a high prevalence of periodontal diseases was found, reaching 92.49%. This was 13.18% higher compared to the prevalence in the control group. Dystrophic-inflammatory conditions with advanced severity levels were predominant, as evidenced by the index indicators. In chronic rheumatic heart disease patients, the average periodontal index was 6.11±0.10, compared to 4.14±0.19 in clinically healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Moreover, a higher lesion of periodontal tissues was observed in younger age groups. As the duration of rheumatic disease increased, the frequency of detecting generalized periodontitis also increased, with this condition being diagnosed in all subjects with a 10-year history of rheumatic disease. Conclusion. The Analysis of the research data on the condition of periodontal tissues, along with objective index assessments, reveals the following: periodontal diseases are more prevalent in individuals with chronic rheumatic heart disease, particularly affecting younger age groups. The severity and progression of these diseases are influenced by the course of the underlying condition. This underscores the presence of pathogenetic conditions that contribute to the rapid progression of the dystrophic-inflammatory process in periodontal tissues. It also emphasizes the importance of providing specialized periodontal care to patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease, with the level of care directly linked to the course and duration of the systemic disease.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ PH ДЕСНЕВОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ, У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С НЕСЪЕМНЫМИ ПРОТЕЗАМИ, ИЗГОТОВЛЕННЫМИ ТРАДИЦИОННЫМ И ЦИФРОВЫМ МЕТОДОМ

Relevance. Non-removable dentures have an effect on the marginal periodontal of the supporting teeth. An objective criterion for evaluating the periodontal reaction is the hydrogen index of the secreted gingival fluid as the physiological environment of the body, the transudate of blood serum filling the gingival sulcus. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of non–removable prostheses made by traditional and digital methods on the condition of periodontal tissues by measuring the pH of gingival fluid. Materials and methods. To determine the pH of the gingival fluid, special strips of universal indicator paper were used, which allow measuring the pH of the biological fluid in the range from 3.0 to 7.5 units with a minimum step of 0,3. Results. Digital and traditional methods of manufacturing non-removable prostheses are statistically significantly distinguishable with a significance level of p < 0,025 by the pH value of the secreted gingival fluid. Thus, the hydrogen index of gingival fluid in patients with prosthetics using traditional technologies was shifted to a more acidic environment (the median samples differ by 15,4%). Our study made it possible to establish that the hydrogen index of gingival fluid in supporting teeth covered with non-removable dentures made by the digital method is closer to the boundary values of the norm, which indicates their weakly pronounced effect on the condition of the marginal periodontium, due primarily to the smaller thickness of the edge of the artificial crown, which does not have a repelling effect on the gingival margin, unlike from traditional designs with a thicker edge, secondly, the anatomical shape of the prosthesis, which differs little from a natural tooth, and thirdly, significantly less influence of the microbial landscape with a more precise fit of the edge of the artificial crowns to the posterior ledge.

Structural and Functional Characteristics of the Oral Cavity Organs and Tissues in Workers of the Petrochemical Industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the dental status, level, and structure of dental diseases, as well as to identify some clinical and functional deviations in the organs and tissues of the oral cavity among workers in certain industrial enterprises. Methodology: A comprehensive dental examination was conducted on 1600 individuals, including 420 from the Fergana Oil Refinery Plant (FNPP - main group (MG)-1), 425 from the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Plant (AGMK - MG-2), and 605 from the Navoi Chemical Plant (NavCP - MG-3), as well as 150 patients as a control group (CG) who visited a dental clinic. Tooth sensitivity (TS), pain and discriminatory sensitivity (PS and DS) of the oral mucosa, taste perception threshold, and functional mobility of the taste receptors on the tongue, enamel resistance to caries, microhardness (MH) of enamel and dentin, and the condition of periodontal tissues and pH of mixed saliva were determined. The data obtained were processed using statistical methods. Findings: It was determined that the levels and relative weights of the main dental diseases among workers in the studied industries remain quite high; carious and non-carious lesions of the tooth hard tissues, deformation and defects of teeth and dental rows (18.5%), periodontal tissue diseases (74.7%), diseases of the oral mucosa - 38.7%; the need for prosthetics (58.4%) and other pathologies. Additionally, almost all clinical and functional indicators and local non-specific reactivity of the tissues of the oral cavity in workers were disrupted. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The presence of the main dental diseases among those surveyed from the studied groups is quite high, with noted reductions in the excitability threshold of teeth, around tooth tissues and the oral mucosa, disruption of PS and DS of the oral mucosa, as well as deterioration of the condition of tooth hard tissues. Based on the obtained results, the authors suggest continuing in-depth scientific research with the aim of developing effective methods for the diagnosis and prevention of dental diseases among workers in these industries.

Assessment of periodontal tissue condition in adult residents of Arkhangelsk

Assessment of periodontal tissue condition in adult residents of Arkhangelsk

ВЛИЯНИЕ РЕВМАТОИДНОГО АРТРИТА НА ТЕЧЕНИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ПАРОДОНТА

The most common chronic systemic autoimmune disease of connective tissue is rheumatoid arthritis, the incidence of which is up to 50% (in Russia). The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis is still not known for certain. Scientists pay special attention to searching and studying the factors influencing the occurrence of this disease. Researchers are interested in periodontitis as a likely factor in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. The literature presents limited data on the study of the characteristics of the course of dental diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which indicates the need for further study of this issue and clarification of the relationships between the intensity of caries, the condition of periodontal tissues and the temporomandibular joint in this category of patients. The study of these issues is of scientific and practical interest, as it allows us to improve the methods of diagnosis and monitoring of patients with rheumatoid arthritis by a dentist. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of rheumatoid arthritis on the course of periodontal diseases. Materials and methods. The methodology of the scientific research is based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature in the eLIBRARY databases; basic and additional methods of examining the patient were carried out. During the clinical examination, we assessed the general condition of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis, his dental and periodontal status. Results and discussion. A clinical examination of a patient with somatic pathology was carried out. Microorganisms of periodontal pockets were determined, the data obtained were compared with a patient who does not have a systemic disease. Conclusions. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis generally have a thin gingival biotype. Immunological parameters of oral fluid (IgA) in rheumatoid arthritis decrease, which indicates a lack of local and general immunity and leads to damage to periodontal tissue. In the future, this scientific research will help us develop optimal methods for diagnosing and treating patients with autoimmune disease.

MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERIODONTIA-ORTHODONTIA APPROACH IN A CASE OF MIDLINE DIASTEMA WITH LABIAL FRENECTOMY USING ELECTROSURGERY

Introduction: Periodontal tissue condition plays an important role as an adjunctive in the success of orthodontic therapy. One of prominent esthetic problem is midline diastema case, which was caused by high and aberrant frenulum attachment. This clinical case aims to report the frenectomy procedures with electrosurgery through multidiscipline perio- orthodontic approach to close the midline diastema. Case: : A female 19 years old patient was referred from orthodontic clinic with chief complaint there was a gap between her central insisif in upper jaw. The frenulum showed the Blanch test positive and there was no clinical attachment loss. Case Treatment: Frenectomy with electrosurgery was done to eliminate the aberrant frenulum attachment. This procedure followed with fixed orthodontic therapy to close the midline diastema and prevent any relapse. Discussions: Frenectomy can be achieved with electrosurgery which has many advantages such as coagulation, a better visualization, blood-less area, bacterimial risk reduction, an uneventful healing process, less post operative discomforts, and minimal scar tissue formation. Fixed orthodontic appliance was bonded to close the gap between central incisors. The intraoral examination showed that there was no any relaps in midline after one year follow up debonding of fixed orthodontic. Conclusion and Suggestions: a functional and esthetic outcome can be achieved through multidiscipline perio-orthodontic approach. The combination of frenectomy and orthodontic therapy showed an optimal result to close the midline diastema. Conclusion and Suggestions: a functional and esthetic outcome can be achieved through multidiscipline perio-orthodontic approach. The combination of frenectomy and orthodontic therapy showed an optimal result to close the midline diastema.

The influence of chronic stress on periodontal tissues in orthodontic patients in conditions of martial law

There is a close relationship between the condition of periodontal tissues and maloccluson. Timely functional diagnosis of changes that occur in periodontal tissues during orthodontic tooth movement is an important link in the prevention of periodontal diseases during orthodontic treatment. At the present time, special attention is paid to the problem of the influence of "war stress" on the maxillo-facial system of a human. Aim of the was work to study the changes in the state of periodontal supporting tissues in orthodontic patients according to periotestometry data during the last 15 years and in the conditions of martial law. Periotestometry of teeth in orthodontic patients was performed before the start of treatment with the Periotest device. All patients were divided into 4 groups according to the results in different years of the study. A total of 136 patients participated in the study. The biggest discrepancies when comparing periotestometry indicators were found between the data of the control and fourth group (in conditions of martial law) and an increase in the indicators of tooth mobility with a statistically significant difference of p<0.001 was proven. When comparing the indicators of groups 2 and 4 for most teeth, the statistically significant difference was from p<0.05 to p<0.001. When comparing the data of the tooth periotest in patients of groups 3 and 4, the indicators of tooth mobility also increased, although within the limits of statistical error (p>0.05). Over the past 15 years, a steady trend to increase in the mobility of all teeth on both jaws has been established. The largest changes in indicators were found in the dynamics of the fifteen-year follow-up (2008 to 2023) between people with an orthognathic bite of the control group and patients of the 4th group with malocclusion. Such changes may be related to the social and psycho-emotional stress that a person constantly experiences in conditions of martial law.

Dental and Periodontal Changes After Accelerated Correction of Lower Anterior Teeth Crowding With Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) Procedure: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective To evaluate the relative efficacy of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) compared to conventional fixed appliances in correcting lower anterior teeth crowding using a non-extraction treatment approach. Material and methods A single-center, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted on 38 patients (9 males, 29 females) with moderate crowding. These patients did not require premolar extraction and were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: the PAOO group and the conventional orthodontic treatment group. The Little Irregularity Index (LII) measured crowding intensity on pre-treatment study models. Changes in this index were recorded monthly in both treatment groups. The inter-canine width, inter-second-premolar width, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and papillary bleeding index (PBI) were also measured before and after the leveling and alignment stage. Statistical analysis between the two groups was performed using Mann-Whitney U tests. Results For the LII, the average time for irregularity resolution was three months in the PAOO group, compared to five months in the conventional orthodontic treatment group. Regarding changes in inter-second-premolar width, the PAOO procedure led to a significant decrease in the increase of inter-second-premolar width, with an average increase of +1.52 mm compared to +2.71 mm in the control group. For the GI and PBI, it was found that their values significantly increased with PAOO application, averaging 0.18 and 0.17, respectively, compared to 0.05 and 0.07 in the control group. Conclusions The use of PAOO in orthodontic treatment accelerated the leveling and alignment process by 40%. Changes in the inter-canine width, the inter-second-premolar width, and the status of periodontal tissues were minimal and clinically negligible.

The effectiveness of calcium hydroxylapatite-based Implant in eliminating increased sensitivity of teeth

BACKGROUND: Dental hypersensitivity affects up to 57% of the world’s population. In Russia, high demand for treating hyperesthesia was found among patients aged 30–59 years. Despite the large number of studies conducted, understanding of the etiology and proposed treatment methods to eliminate increased sensitivity of teeth, there is still no effective drug to treat this pathology. Current methods do not ensure long-term elimination of hypersensitivity, which substantiates the need to develop new treatment methods. AIM: To determine the effectiveness of the Radiesse implant (Merz North America, USA) in patients with dental hyperesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients aged 35–44 years — men and women with dental hyperesthesia — were examined. The condition of periodontal tissues of teeth with hypersensitivity was assessed by clinical examination methods, and an objective assessment of dental hypersensitivity (tactile impact — TV) was carried out using an electromagnetic device Yeaple Probe (XininX Research Inc., USA). RESULTS: Dental hypersensitivity after a single injection of the Radiesse implant steadily decreases compared to its initial values. CONCLUSIONS: Dental hypersensitivity after a single injection of the Radiesse implant steadily decreases compared to its initial values (p 0.05). Effective reduction of dental hypersensitivity when using Radiesse (Merz North America, USA) lasts for more than 6 months in contrast to the effect of standard treatments.

INDEX ASSESSMENT OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE AND ORAL HYGIENE OF PATIENTS AT THE PREOPERATIVE STAGE OF TREATMENT OF GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS II-III DEGREE

A significant concern in modern dentistry is the increasing prevalence of periodontitis among the Ukrainian population. At present, there is a high frequency of diagnosis for initial-І degree and II-degree periodontitis in our country. However, a comprehensive comparative chronological analysis of index evaluation of periodontal tissues before the beginning of surgical treatment of generalized periodontitis of II and III degree of severity and after its completion has not yet been carried out, which determined the relevance of this study. Therefore, this study aims to address this gap in the literature.
 The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of periodontal tissues of patients at the preoperative stage of generalized periodontitis ІІ-ІІІІ degree treatment using periodontal and hygienic indices.
 Materials and Methods. Analysis of periodontal indices (PMA, PBI, Rtg-index, HEC, and tooth mobility
 score) was performed in 39 patients with GP II degree and 21 patients with GP III degree. Assessment of oral cavity hygiene by the OHI-S index was performed in patients with GP II-III degree and compared with data from 30 practically healthy people without dental diseases. The classification of M.F. Danilevsky (1994) with the additions of I.S. Mashchenko (2002) was used to evaluate the condition of periodontal tissues. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the software packages for statistical analysis of data from biomedical research “Microsoft Excel” and “Statistica”.
 Results and Discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the values of periodontal indices: PMA ranged from 49.90±2.28% in patients with GP II degree to 64.25±3.22% in patients with GP III degree, p<0.01; PBI in patients with GP III degree was 1.2 times lower than in patients with GP II degree (2.39±0.05 points vs. 2.86±0.07 points, p<0.01; tooth mobility in patients with GP II degree was 2.00±0.10 points and was 1.5 times lower than in patients with GP III degree (2. 98±0.13 points), p<0.01; the value of HEC in patients with GP III degree was 1.5 times higher than in patients with GP II degree (3.57±0.10 mm vs. 2.45±0.08 mm, p<0.01); the values of Rtg-index in patients with GP ranged from 2.45±0.08 points in patients with GP II degree to 1.49±0.06 points in patients with GP III degree. According to the OHI-S index, in the control group and in patients with GP II degree, the values of the analyzed parameter were 1.82±0.13 points and 2.26±0.14 points, p<0. 05, while in patients with GP III degree the value of OHI-S index (2.92±0.16 points) corresponded to poor hygiene of oral cavity and exceeded the value in the control group by 1.6 times, p<0.01, and in patients with GP II degree by 1.3 times, p1<0.01.
 Conclusions. Thus, the need for comprehensive treatment of GP II-III degree was emphasized by high index scores of periodontal indices, which in patients with GP III degree were significantly higher compared with similar data in patients with GP II degree, p<0.01. The assessment of the hygienic state of the oral cavity in patients of both the comparison group and patients with advanced forms of GP degree the need to strengthen and improve individual, professional and motivational measures in this cohort of subjects.

Optimization of the condition of organs and tissue of the oral during the retention period of orthodontic treatment

Relevance. The retention period is the most important stage during which the structural and functional state of the organs and tissues of the mouth must be fully restored after long-term orthodontic treatment. An increase in the time spent by orthodontic equipment in the oral cavity associated with the use of retention devices also increases the risk of developing complications from the hard tissues of teeth and periodontal tissue, while the problem of preventing these complications is not fully addressed.Purpose. Based on a multi-level study of the condition of the organs and tissues of the mouth, to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of modern domestic means of intraoral hygiene in the retention period of orthodontic treatment.Materials and methods. 84 patients aged 18 to 45 years during the retention period of orthodontic treatment were examined. The control group consisted of 32 people using usual hygiene products. Patients of the second group (28 people) were prescribed anti-inflammatory hygiene products for the first 7 days after removal of the equipment; then using a combination of anti-inflammatory and remineralizing intraoral agents based on hydroxyapatite. In the third group (24 people), a rinse aid based on benzydamine (0.15%) and chlorhexidine (0.05%) was prescribed for the first 7 days after removal of the equipment; then use your usual hygiene products and any means to remineralize the enamel at night. The condition of periodontal tissues was assessed using the PMA index and the CPITN index. Enamel caries resistance was determined using the TER test. The desensitivity effect was studied using the dental sensitivity index of L.Yu. Orekhova - S.B. Ulitovsky. Examinations of patients were carried out on the day of removal of fixed orthodontic equipment, after 7 days, after a month and after 3 months from the start of the study.Results. The dynamics of changes in the CPITN index in the second group were 9.1% after 7 days of use, 35.6% after a month of study and 46.2% after 3 months from the start of observation. The dynamics of changes in the PMA index were 13.6% after 7 days of use, 39.7% after a month of study and 47.7% after 3 months from the start of observation. Remineralizing efficiency in the second group improved by 13.1% after 7 days, after a month of use to 36.1%, and after 3 months it increased to 57.4%. In patients of the second group, the desensitizing effectiveness was 27%, after 1 month -47%, after three months -56%.Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to recommend proven oral care products during the retention period of orthodontic treatment for the purpose of primary and secondary prevention of diseases of the hard tissues of teeth and periodontal tissue after removal of fixed orthodontic equipment (brackets).

Evaluation of periodontal parameters on abutment teeth rehabilitated with single-unit crowns: A 12-month follow-up

PurposeThis prospective study evaluated the effects of the metal-free crowns on the periodontal tissues of abutment teeth during a 12-month follow-up. Materials and Methods:A sample of 24 patients (N = 32 abutment teeth) who needed a single-tooth restoration were enrolled to receive either a metal-ceramic (n = 21) or lithium disilicate (n = 11). The single-unit crowns were evaluated at baseline, 3-and 12-month follow-up. The periodontal parameters were evaluated: plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), radiographically and clinical crown fitting, bone resorption, and marginal finish lines. Statistical analyses were performed using the Exact Fisher and Mann-Whitney tests, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test as a post hoc test for Friedman (95 % confidence interval). Results:The marginal finish line showed a statistical difference with a biomaterial type (p =.004). After a 12-months, a significant increase was observed in PI and mean PD for abutment teeth of metal-ceramic crowns. The metal-free crowns presented higher values for GBI and CAL (p2 < 0.05). Only distal cervical evaluation and dental biofilm formation in the abutment teeth showed a statistical difference between the groups at the 12-month follow-up. The supragingival margin metal-ceramic group revealed higher PI values (p2 = 0.005) between the period and the subgingival margin of both biomaterials showed greater GBI scores (p2 < 0.05). Conclusions:Metal-free crowns showed better periodontal outcomes compared to metal-ceramic crowns. Single-unit crown marginal location affects the periodontal tissue condition of the abutment teeth. The marginal fit was not changed regarding the biomaterial type.

Efficacy evaluation of using hypoallergenic toothpastes in children with a burdened allergy anamnesis

Aim. To conduct a clinical evaluation of the efficacy of using hypoallergenic children's toothpastes “R.O.C.S. PRO Baby" and "R.O.C.S. PRO Junior Creamy Pudding" in patients aged 2 to 11 years with a burdened allergy history. Materials and methods. The study included 58 children aged 2 to 11 years with a burdened allergy history. Before the start of the study, they were divided into two groups: the first included 28 children aged 2-3 years, whose parents had been brushing their teeth with « R.O.C.S. PRO Baby» hypoallergenic paste for 3 months. The second group included 30 childrenaged 6-11 years who provided oral care using the paste « R.O.C.S. PRO Junior Cream pudding ». During the control dental examinations, the determination of the possible locally irritating and allergenic effects of the studied toothpastes was carried out by visual examination of the oral mucosa of patients of both groups, as well as interviews and questionnaires of study participants and their parents. In patients of the second group, the hygienic condition of the oral cavity was assessed by determining the PHP hygiene index, PMA and SBI indices to assess the condition of periodontal tissues. Results. During the study, patients with a burdened allergy history did not have a locally irritating and allergenic effect of hypoallergenic toothpastes "R.O.C.S. PRO Baby" and "R.O.C.S. PRO Junior Cream pudding" on the oral mucosa. When using toothpastes, there was a significant decrease in the PHP, PMA and SBI indices by 58.47 %, 47.4 % and 43.2 %, respectively. Conclusions. The obtained data allow us to conclude that hypoallergenic toothpastes « R.O.C.S. PRO Baby » and « R.O.C.S. PRO Junior Creamy Pudding » meets the safety and efficacy criteria for cleaning teeth and can be recommended to patients with a history of allergies aged 2 to 11 years for daily hygienic oral care.

Clinical characteristics of the periodontal status of patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with dysbiosis

Aim. To determine the prevalence and intensity of periodontal diseases in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, combined with a violation of the microflora. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory study of 132 patients with gastrointestinal diseases with laboratory-established dysbiosis aged 30 to 45 years was conducted. For the study, an analysis of the outpatient chart, the results of laboratory tests (feces for dysbiosis), examination, palpation of the abdomen of patients with diseases of thedigestive system by a gastroenterologist therapist was performed, and the anamnesis of the disease was evaluated. When assessing dental diseases, the prevalence and intensity of dental caries and periodontal diseases were taken into account. The intensity of caries was determined by the CPI and CPI indices, and the communal periodontal index CPI was used to study the condition of periodontal tissues. A dental examination card recommended by WHO was used for the research. Results. In the structure of pathologies of the digestive tract, chronic hyperacid and hypoacid gastritis, dysfunctions of the hepatobiliary system, including chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gastroesophageal reflux disease, rarely gastroenterocolitis, were most often detected. At the same time, an unfavorable situation was revealed for diseases of the oral cavity, which include a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases. In addition, every third person examined had temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction associated with tooth loss. Conclusions. The revealed high levels of major dental diseases in patients with pathologies of the digestive tract, accompanied with dysbiosis, are often characterized by generalized inflammatory periodontal diseases. This situation dictates the need for research aimed at improving pathogenetic therapy with rational and adequate correction of the microbiota.

Features of dental status in children with autistic disorders

Purpose. The purpose of the publication was to conduct an epidemiological survey for a comprehensive study of the dental status in children with autism spectrum disorder to clarify the areas of medical and social work and the potential scope of dental intervention.Materials and Methods. We examined 98 children with autism spectrum disorders aged 3 to 7 years, 69 of them with temporary and 29 with mixed occlusion. A dental examination of patients was carried out, the state of oral hygiene, carious defects of the teeth, and the state of periodontal tissues were assessed. Results. It is shown that the state of oral hygiene in children with autism spectrum disorder is unsatisfactory. The need for dental care in 85±5.6% of patients was diagnosed; there was a high prevalence (78.6%) of caries of primary teeth against the background of a significant intensity of caries pathology (the share of the “D” component in the overall structure of caries intensity is 81±3.11%); The prevalence of gingivitis was 61%, and the proportion of children with healthy parodontium was 7.14%.Conclusion. The results of the study determine the need to provide children with autism spectrum disorders with qualified dental care and its significant volumes. A set of recommended therapeutic and preventive measures has been proposed, including strengthening oral hygiene with particular regard to the specific characteristics of the underlying disease (emphasis on the motivational factor, transferring manual actions to a game format, using gadgets), strengthening pathogenetic therapy with the daily use of remineralizing drugs, the use of special physical therapeutic techniques (programs) in combination with regular examinations at the dentist and an increase in the intensity of preventive measures.

Особливості клінічного перебігу генералізованого пародонтиту у пацієнтів з первинним гіпотиреозом

Actuality. Various pathogenetic relationships of general somatic pathology and diseases of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, periodontium, and teeth dictate the need for a differentiated, personalized approach to their diagnosis and the choice of prevention and treatment tactics. The aim of the study. To study the peculiarities of periodontal status against the background of primary hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 82 peopl eaged 28-47 years who applied to the Dental Medical Center of NMU. O.O. Bogomolets for the purpose of examination and remediation and had periodontal complaints. Of them, 51 had a confirmed diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism (manifest). The examination was carried out by standard clinical methods. Research results. It was established that the patients of the main group had a more severe degree of periodontal tissue damage and more often required a comprehensive periodontal examination and treatment. The fact of the rapid progression of the inflammatory process in the gums with the destruction of the clinical attachment and its rapid transformation into the inflammatory-destructive one has been established. Also characteristic are clearly pronounced signs of dystrophic processes, which are expressed in the generalized recession of the gums and their thinning. Conclusions. It has been established that the course of periodontitis against the background of primary hypothyroidism has a number of features caused both by the direct effect of insufficient thyroid hormones and by the specific effect of replacement therapy on the condition of periodontal tissues. Key words: рeriodontitis, gingivitis, hypothyroidism, periodontal status, gum recession, gum biotype.

Evaluation of the level of oral hygiene and the condition of periodontal tissues in dental interns

Evaluation of the level of oral hygiene and the condition of periodontal tissues in dental interns

The orthodontic treatment and the periodontal status of patients.

Aim: To review and analyze modern professional literature on the impact of orthodontic treatment of maxillofacial anomalies on the periodontal status of patients, in particular, the subsiqent pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of periodontal diseases in this category of patients. Materials and Methods: Bibliometric and analytical methods were used data from international scientific sources in the field of studying the impact of orthodontic treatment on the state of periodontal tissues were used. Conclusions: Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment need the increased attention to the state of periodontal tissues and regular high-quality both professional and individual oral hygiene. A comprehensive approach to treatment and preventive measures for periodontal diseases, taking into account all pathogenetic links of their development in this category of patients, aims not only to keep the periodontium healthy, but also to ensure successful completion of orthodontic treatment. Taking into account consideration the periodontal status of patients allows individual correction of the treatment plan to increase its clinical effectiveness both in the early and in the long term.

Dental gel Cholisal at the stage of conservative treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases

To study the effectiveness of the drug Cholisal as part of the conservative treatment of chronic periodontitis. We selected 100 patients aged 35 to 65 years of both sexes with a diagnosis of moderate chronic periodontitis in the acute stage with a periodontal pocket depth of 3.5-5 mm. Depending on the tactics of conservative treatment of periodontitis, patients were divided into two groups of 50 people. In the main group, Cholisal dental gel was used as part of complex conservative treatment, and in the control group, Metrogil-denta gel was used. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, a dental examination of patients was carried out with an index assessment of the condition of periodontal tissues and a biochemical analysis of the content of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2 in gingival blood, comparing the indicators before treatment and 14 days after the start of treatment. When the drug Cholisal was included in complex treatment, 14 days from the start of treatment, patients experienced a statistically significant decrease in the depth of periodontal pockets from 4.7±0.32 mm to 3.6±0.19, and the Green-Vermillion hygiene index by 60.7%, Silness-Loe plaque index by 73.1%, PMA index by 68.8%, Muhlemann-Cowell bleeding index by 68.0% (p<0.001 compared to baseline). When Metrogil-denta gel was used in complex therapy, the effectiveness of treatment was lower: the depth of periodontal pockets did not change significantly (from 4.5±0.22 mm to 4.2±0.17 mm, p>0.05), reduction in the hygiene index Green-Vermillion was 51.9%, Silness-Loe plaque index - 64.0%, PMA index - 43.7%, Muhlemann-Cowell bleeding index - 45.8% (p<0.001 compared to baseline, p<0.001 compared to the main group). A laboratory study showed that in patients of the main group, after completing a course of conservative treatment, the content of biomarkers of inflammation significantly decreased compared to the initial level (p<0.05), while in patients of the control group the content of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2 in the gingival blood during the study period did not change significantly (p>0.05 compared to the initial level). The use of the drug Cholisal in the conservative treatment of chronic periodontitis has demonstrated more pronounced positive dynamics of clinical and biochemical parameters compared to traditional therapy, which suggests its high effectiveness.

EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPEUTIC AND PROPHYLACTIC MEASURES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GENERALISED PERIODONTITIS OF THE INITIAL AND FIRST DEGREE IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS ACCORDING TO PARACLINICAL STUDIES

Summary. In recent years, scientists have been paying great attention to the relationship between dental and general somatic health, where, in particular, they express the opinion that periodontitis may play a role as an independent risk factor for the development of vascular atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations (coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke).&#x0D; The aim of the study – to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic measures in the management of generalized periodontitis of the initial I degree in patients with atherosclerosis according to paraclinical indices.&#x0D; Materials and Methods. The effectiveness of treatment of generalized periodontitis of the initial I degree was evaluated on the basis of the dynamics of hygienic and periodontal indices in 26 patients with atherosclerosis: 15 patients – the main group and 11 patients – the control group. To study the intensity and prevalence of the inflammatory process in the gums, we used a modified method of determining the papillary-marginal-alveolar index by C. Parma. The combined periodontal index proposed by Russel was used to determine the severity of dystrophic-inflammatory changes in periodontal tissues. The loss of epithelial attachment was determined by the method of G.F. Beloklitskaya. The degree of gingival bleeding was determined using the papillary bleeding index (PBI). To determine the degree and nature of bone resorption of the alveolar ridge, the radiological index (Rtg) according to Fush was used. The hygienic condition of the oral cavity was assessed by the Fedorova-Volodkina index. The statistical calculation of the results was performed using Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft, USA) and the statistical functions package of Microsoft Excel 2021.&#x0D; Results and Discussion. As a result of our studies, it was found that the use of the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic complex for the management of initial I-degree GP contributed to the improvement of the hygienic state of the oral cavity, which was confirmed by a decrease in the index by 47.58 % 6 months after treatment. Improvement in the clinical condition of periodontal tissues in patients of the main group was confirmed by a decrease in the index scores of the indices: PMA, PBI, HEC, p&lt;0,01, PI, p&lt;0,05, against the background of an increase in the Rtg index, p&lt;0,01, relative to the data before treatment. On the basis of the conducted studies, the effectiveness of the use of our proposed treatment and prevention complex, which included a set of individual hygiene measures, local and general pharmacotherapy, adapted for the successful management of initial I degree GP in patients with atherosclerosis, was proved, and was confirmed by the «stabilization» of the pathological process in 80,0% of the treated patients of the main group against 36,36% of the control group, in whom the treatment of initial I degree GP was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The state of periodontal tissues was objectified as «unchanged» in 20,0% of the main group and 36.36% of the treated control group. «Deterioration» of periodontal tissues was diagnosed only in 27,28 % of patients in the control group.&#x0D; Conclusions. Thus, the use of the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic complex for the management of generalized periodontitis of the initial I degree in patients with atherosclerosis contributed to the improvement of the clinical condition of periodontal soft tissues, which was confirmed by the positive dynamics of hygienic and periodontal indices and was characterized by the «stabilization» of the pathological process in 80,00±5,78 % of the treated patients of the main group against 36,36±7,24 % of the control group.