Optimization of the condition of organs and tissue of the oral during the retention period of orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Relevance. The retention period is the most important stage during which the structural and functional state of the organs and tissues of the mouth must be fully restored after long-term orthodontic treatment. An increase in the time spent by orthodontic equipment in the oral cavity associated with the use of retention devices also increases the risk of developing complications from the hard tissues of teeth and periodontal tissue, while the problem of preventing these complications is not fully addressed.Purpose. Based on a multi-level study of the condition of the organs and tissues of the mouth, to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of modern domestic means of intraoral hygiene in the retention period of orthodontic treatment.Materials and methods. 84 patients aged 18 to 45 years during the retention period of orthodontic treatment were examined. The control group consisted of 32 people using usual hygiene products. Patients of the second group (28 people) were prescribed anti-inflammatory hygiene products for the first 7 days after removal of the equipment; then using a combination of anti-inflammatory and remineralizing intraoral agents based on hydroxyapatite. In the third group (24 people), a rinse aid based on benzydamine (0.15%) and chlorhexidine (0.05%) was prescribed for the first 7 days after removal of the equipment; then use your usual hygiene products and any means to remineralize the enamel at night. The condition of periodontal tissues was assessed using the PMA index and the CPITN index. Enamel caries resistance was determined using the TER test. The desensitivity effect was studied using the dental sensitivity index of L.Yu. Orekhova - S.B. Ulitovsky. Examinations of patients were carried out on the day of removal of fixed orthodontic equipment, after 7 days, after a month and after 3 months from the start of the study.Results. The dynamics of changes in the CPITN index in the second group were 9.1% after 7 days of use, 35.6% after a month of study and 46.2% after 3 months from the start of observation. The dynamics of changes in the PMA index were 13.6% after 7 days of use, 39.7% after a month of study and 47.7% after 3 months from the start of observation. Remineralizing efficiency in the second group improved by 13.1% after 7 days, after a month of use to 36.1%, and after 3 months it increased to 57.4%. In patients of the second group, the desensitizing effectiveness was 27%, after 1 month -47%, after three months -56%.Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to recommend proven oral care products during the retention period of orthodontic treatment for the purpose of primary and secondary prevention of diseases of the hard tissues of teeth and periodontal tissue after removal of fixed orthodontic equipment (brackets).