Clinical characteristics of the periodontal status of patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with dysbiosis

Abstract

Aim. To determine the prevalence and intensity of periodontal diseases in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, combined with a violation of the microflora. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory study of 132 patients with gastrointestinal diseases with laboratory-established dysbiosis aged 30 to 45 years was conducted. For the study, an analysis of the outpatient chart, the results of laboratory tests (feces for dysbiosis), examination, palpation of the abdomen of patients with diseases of thedigestive system by a gastroenterologist therapist was performed, and the anamnesis of the disease was evaluated. When assessing dental diseases, the prevalence and intensity of dental caries and periodontal diseases were taken into account. The intensity of caries was determined by the CPI and CPI indices, and the communal periodontal index CPI was used to study the condition of periodontal tissues. A dental examination card recommended by WHO was used for the research. Results. In the structure of pathologies of the digestive tract, chronic hyperacid and hypoacid gastritis, dysfunctions of the hepatobiliary system, including chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gastroesophageal reflux disease, rarely gastroenterocolitis, were most often detected. At the same time, an unfavorable situation was revealed for diseases of the oral cavity, which include a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases. In addition, every third person examined had temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction associated with tooth loss. Conclusions. The revealed high levels of major dental diseases in patients with pathologies of the digestive tract, accompanied with dysbiosis, are often characterized by generalized inflammatory periodontal diseases. This situation dictates the need for research aimed at improving pathogenetic therapy with rational and adequate correction of the microbiota.