Abstract Preliminary results are presented of a lichen exploration in Amapa State in Brazil. The following new species are described: Absconditella termitariicola with apothecia immersed to emergent, often partly covered by the thallus, 0.15–0.25 mm diam., pale ochraceous; asci pyriform; ascospores 1-septate, 10–12 × 4.0–5.0 μm, Astrothelium lineatum with orange thallus with orange, often linear pseudostromata with immersed ascomata in groups of 3–15; ascospores 8/ascus, hyaline, regularly muriform, 45–55 × 11–13 μm, without distinctly thickened median septum, Astrothelium unisporum with thickly corticate thallus, high, thallus-covered pseudostroma warts with 1–4 ascomata; ascospores 1/ascus, muriform, 125–148 × 35–42 μm, Coenogonium minidenticulatum with apothecia 0.2–0.4 mm diam., usually distinctly denticulate; ascospores 6–7 × 1.0–1.5 μm, with rounded ends, Crypthonia corticorygmoides with olive green felty thallus, up to 1 cm large white stromatoid-like ascigerous areas and 3–5-septate clavate ascosp...