Standpoint Of Sociology Research Articles

In search of Versatility: The History of Music Through the Prism of Musicians’ Specialization

The article presents a new look at music history from the versatility of the musician’s creative activity point of view, which manifests itself in the diversity of his talent, the multiplicity and cultural breadth of his creative interests. In the field of creative activity, versatility was an integral property of professional musicians both in various cultural traditions and in Western European music until the 18th century.The research methodology is based on a combination of a comprehensive value method and comparative analysis, which helps to form a holistic idea of the creative versatility in a broad aesthetic, cultural, social, historical and scientific context. The phenomenon of combining the activities of a composer and a pianist in a modern context encourages the study from the standpoint of musical sociology. The exploration of piano style justifies the use of the provisions and approaches of the performance interpretation theory.In modern conditions, the musician’s self-realization in various traits is once again becoming relevant, which allows for the expansion of the field of creative self-expression and stimulates innovative thinking. Versatility of a creative person is influenced by the aspects of the ethnic worldview and is closely connected with oral proficiency, in which the original syncretism of creativity serves as the foundation for combining functions and expressing diversity. A long process of separating different musical types of activity was influenced by various historical, sociocultural and aesthetic factors. It is associated with two specialization sources – the authorship personification of the oral tradition bearer and the standardization of the sacred music performance, which subsequently led to the emergence of notation. The article also proposes a typology of the versatility of creative activity, due to the differences in psychological and cognitive-behavioral aspects: the syncretic type (oral tradition bearer), in which the roles of the composer and performer closely bound and can’t be separated, and the synthetic type associated with personal desires and motives (musicians of the written traditions).The results of the conducted study have shown that the final separation of the musical activity functions has not been fully achieved, and probably will not happen in the future due to the psychological nature of the musical process and creativity.

Образи повсякденності в окупації (на прикладі Південної України)

The article analyzes life in the occupation of the population of Southern Ukraine from the standpoint of sociology of everyday life. The author examines everyday reality by integrating the theoretical approaches of A. Schütz, T. Berger and P. Lukman, as well as the ethnomethodology of H. Garfinkel. At the centre of the researcher’s attention are the problems of social divisions in the de-occupied territories of Southern Ukraine. Based on empirical data obtained in conducting in-depth interviews with residents of the liberated districts of the Kherson region, the researcher characterizes the images of everyday life through which people perceive the beginning of the large-scale Russian invasion, life under occupation and the return of the Ukrainian army. It is noted that with the arrival of the enemy, the surrounding world turns from a close and understandable one into a foreign and dangerous one, the available everyday knowledge loses its relevance, the disruption of the usual way of life is characterized by a powerful emotional outburst and the collapse of social activity. The construction of strategies for survival under new conditions and the creation of accessible knowledge of military times begins. The new subjective reality is perceived through visual and acoustic images – explosions, the roar of military equipment, foreigners in green camouflage, the alarming barking of dogs, constant and all-encompassing fear. At the same time, there is a narrowing of social space (a tightly closed gate), violations by the occupiers of the boundaries of public and private (searches day and night), the return of archaic social practices (extortion on the roads), the emergence of new forms of social adaptation (the “two mobile” rule), powerful mechanisms are at work in the economic robbery of seized lands (“scissor prices” for local agricultural products and imported goods). The key characteristic of the post-occupation picture of the life world is the awareness that the war will continue for a long time and it is time to build one’s life in a new way. At the same time, it is noted that the inability of the authorities to bring numerous collaborators to justice harms the stabilization of the situation in the region.

Оптимизация медиамодели патриотического воспитания студентов в вузе: социолингвистический аспект

The research is carried out from sociolinguistics perspective and is aimed at development of an integrated approach to improving the effectiveness of patriotic education at universities. The project was carried out by research groups of Chelyabinsk and Kurgan State Universities, including a complex of studies conducted at theoretical and experimental levels. The experimental part included a survey of 360 students conducted in order to determine the most effective ways to optimize the university media product aimed at forming an objective idea of patriotism as a significant state value. Based on the results of the study, the authors proposed a step-by-step methodology for implementing a patriotic media project in the university media environment. Recommendations for development of media environment in which patriotism is viewed as a significant state and individual value is broadcast are presented from the standpoint of sociology, pedagogy and linguistics.

Family Entrepreneurship as a Type of Gender-neutral Entrepreneurship: Social Essence and Labor Potential

Family entrepreneurship as a social phenomenon, as a type of employment and economic activity of the Russian family remains a poorly studied issue of sociological analysis and sociology of entrepreneurship. The author of this article guided by the principle of historical continuity analyzes the phenomenon of family entrepreneurship as a type of economic activity from the viewpoint of theoretical positions of J. Schumpeter, N. Kondratiev, F. Knight, F. Haiker and I. Kirzer. At the same time, the author synthesizes an economic approach with a sociological one on four theoretical and methodological grounds: family entrepreneurship as a social phenomenon of economic development; as a type of labor activity; as a form of group economic behavior of a small group and as a type of labor education of children, their integration into the economic activity of the family as a whole. From the conceptual standpoint of gender sociology and the new world order, family entrepreneurship is presented as a type of gender-neutral entrepreneurship in which all family members can participate, regardless of gender, but with varying degrees of involvement into the family business. The empirical data for the analysis is based on the results of applied sociological research of the Scientific School “Gender Economic Sociology” of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, on the one hand, and the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, on the other.

Perceived and real identity in digital space

The manuscript is devoted to the study of identity as one of the supporting constructs in the system of social communication inclusive of online communities and digital environment. The basis of the material is a review of scientific sources devoted to the definition of identity from the standpoint of philosophy, sociology and related sciences. The author provides the key characteristics of identity in the network communications and defines the place of this phenomenon in the communication system. In view of the changes in the understanding of identity in the system of virtual communication, the author makes an attempt to determine the characteristics of “real” and “perceived” identity and outlines the prospects for further applied research.

HATRED DURING THE WAR: A SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT

<p><strong><em>The purpose of the study </em></strong><em>is to analyze the ressentiment in the theoretical and specific historical aspects of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology. </em></strong><em>The methods of the study are theoretical analysis and synthesis, sociological conceptualization of the phenomenon of hatred during the war.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results. </em></strong><em>The result of the study is a generalization from the standpoint of sociology of hatred during the war. The article analyzes hatred towards the enemy during the war.</em></p><p><em>In sociological discourse, hatred is considered a component of ressentiment in the context of Max Scheler’s interpretation of this phenomenon. It is commonly believed that hatred towards the invading enemy, who is trying to destroy the country, is a manifestation of high morality and an additional motive for resistance. Hatred from the invader and aggressor is a manifestation of immorality and a low spiritual level. Ressentiment is self-poisoning of the soul. The press spreads ressentiment to strengthen the psychological component of war. Hatred irradiates all sides of the relationship. Everything that represents the hatred subject (clothes, speech, and anything else that is associated with this subject) also causes hatred.</em></p><p><em>The ressentiment type looks for reasons for aggression in everything. Revenge and hatred lead to the devaluation of existence and the world. What is more, hatred is not caused by the object’s properties but by the very negation and devaluation of existence and the essence of the relationship’s object.</em></p><p><em>Under the influence of ressentiment, a destructive position is formed. That is, reconciliation is impossible when there is ressentiment. The very fact of the enemy’s existence causes a desire to destroy them.</em></p><p><em>Russians have a radically erroneous picture of the world, which they do not want to change but are maniacally eager to follow. Their actions are influenced by an erroneous definition of the situation, which is realistic in its disastrous consequences.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty. </em></strong><em>The article analyzes the ressentiment in the theoretical and specific historical aspects of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war.</em></p><p><strong><em>The practical significance </em></strong><em>of the study is in the use of the formulated provisions to develop a concept of the ideological and political component of Russia’s war against Ukraine.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words: </em></strong><em>war, Ukraine, Russia, hatred, ressentiment, Max Scheler, social madness.</em></p>

РЕФОРМЫ ПЕТРА I КАК ВАРИАНТ АДАПТИВНОЙ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ

The article considers the reforms of Peter I from the standpoint of historical sociology and institutional economic theory with the aim to identify the features of Peter's modernization and its role in forming Russia’s path dependence, and this purpose is realized by comparing it with Stalin's modernization. The study rests on the division of modernization into two types:adaptation and westernization models. This division constitutes the methodological basis of the study and allows further use of comparative analysis in reviewing Peter’s and Stalin’s modernization. Peter's reforms are viewed as adaptive modernization: the 17th century formal institutions of Muscovy were replaced by imported (Western) ones, but at the same time basic components of the political system and political culture were preserved.The reforms resulted in a fully state-driven society and developed economy. Totalitarianism in Russia first took shape in the early 18th century. It combined the archaic institutions of Muscovy newly introduced imported ones. The latter strengthened autocratic rule, power-property as an institutional foundation of Russia. At the same time, cultural and everyday westernization was built into Peter's reforms. It subsequently became the basis of indepth westernization in the form of the release of the nobility from compulsory service. A comparative analysis of the Peter’s and Stalin’s modernization showed that they have both common features and differences. Total nationalization of life, focus on militarization, despotism unite them. However, while Peter's modernization transformed the archaic society, Stalin's one revived the archaic in the place of westernized society of the early 20th century

Взаимодействие органов местного самоуправления с городским сообществом Хабаровска: социологический анализ

Sociological analysis of interaction of the local governments with the population of Khabarovsk, presented as the local community is given in this article. Based on the forms of participation of the population determined by the current legislation, evaluation of their relevance in solving the problems of local importance and urgent problems of life was given. From the methodological standpoint of sociology, the author interpreted the results of public opinion polls of the citizens as the forms of their collective behavior and involvement in the socially useful activities in the territory of their residence, in public hearings, and participation in the municipal elections.As a result of research, it was determined that the activity of the participation of the population of Khabarovsk in the legally determined forms of interaction with the local self-government is extremely low due to the weakness of solidarity social ties, high disunity of power and civil society. This is due to both the objective conditions for localizing residents in city apartments of apartment buildings and their subjective assessments of dissatisfaction with the activities of local governments to solve the urgent problems of their life and unwillingness to contribute to their solution. To increase the civic activity of population, it is advisable to develop the network interaction with the local government on the basis of modern means of communication, aimed at formation of the solidarity local communities in the territories of residence, to stimulate them with grant support from the city budget.

THE FORMATION OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Based on the analysis, the article considers different views of researchers on this concept. The author gives his own opinion on the socio-cultural significance of intercultural competence for Ukrainian society in the effective construction of intercultural dialogue. Aspects of the formation of intercultural competence of high school students are substantiated. An analysis of a number of studies in this area has shown that the structure of intercultural competence is divided into several components. From the standpoint of sociology, intercultural competence is divided into socio-perceptual, communicative and interactive components. These components are interconnected and interdependent, the development of one component leads to the development of another. The article emphasizes that the education of universal values is the main task of educational work, with a special role in educating tolerance among students, personal and spiritual development, coexistence and acceptance of pluralism of cultures from the standpoint of the idea "we are all different but equal". 

The influence of Western ideas of women's Enlightenment on women's painting in the Republic of China

During the period of the Republic of China, China was in the complex context of the fusion of Eastern and Western cultures. Under the influence of Western women's educational thought, the artists of the Republic of China entered the modern context of the Republic of China as participants. In this article, the object of research is the "new women's painting" from 1912 to 1949. The study includes an analysis of painting practices and artistic concepts of new women artists in the Republic of China. Under the influence of internal and external factors, their participation in the modern transformation of traditional Chinese fine art and contribution to the development of new women's painting. The paper examines the formation of a new women's painting in the Republic of China from the standpoint of culture, sociology and education. Studying the background of the appearance of new women's paintings in the Republic of China, the artistic value and historical significance of new women's paintings in the Republic of China were discovered. It is demonstrated how new masters were born and developed in the clash of Chinese and Western art, new and traditional ideas and concepts. They freed themselves from the shackles of feudal female ideas and pursued an independent personality, rights and freedom. In art, he promotes the modern transformation of traditional painting with its unique emotional expression and fusion of Chinese and Western styles.

On the relationship between the artist and the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in France of the XVIII century. Jean-Honore Fragonard (1732-1806).

The subject of the study is the issue of interaction between the artist – J.O. Fragonard - and an influential official institution, such as the Paris Academy of Painting and Sculpture in the XVIII century. From the standpoint of historical sociology and psychology, the author discusses why, having achieved significant success, won the Rome Prize and received the title of appointed, the artist preferred to move away from the Academy and deliberately refused to build an academic career. Analyzing the reasons for such a decision, the author draws on historical sources that allow to obtain data on the private life of the master, his relations with teachers, academic authorities, customers of various categories. Reconstructing the artistic environment of Paris of the period under consideration, the author places his hero in a broad cultural context, without which it is impossible to understand Fragonard's place among his predecessors and contemporaries. Of course, the author constantly checks with scientific works, where the problems of interest to him are touched upon. For the first time in Russian historiography, the author examines in detail the main facts of the biography of J.O. Fragonard in the context of his relations with the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture. However, the principal novelty of the study lies in the attention to how a new type of personality is formed in the French artistic environment of the middle of the XVIII century, unlike the type prevailing at the end of the previous century. Artists from the time of the foundation of the Royal Academy sought first of all to separate themselves from the craft environment, to prove their belonging to the creative elite and their equality with the advanced Italian masters. Now, the defense of creative freedom, including from the Royal Academy, comes to the fore, the search for one's own path, which is not always compatible with an academic career. According to the author, the experience of creative freedom gained by such Rococo masters as J.-O. Fragonard turned out to be especially important for the further development of French art.

Малый бизнес Москвы и изменения трудовых установок его участников

The article, from the standpoint of economic sociology, carries out the analysis of the contradictory interests of employers and employees to working conditions in small business on the example of a megalopolis. A number of unfavorable trends in the field of labor relations have been established, associated with the low interest of employees in non-prestigious activities, their low involvement in these relations while ignoring their interests on the part of employers. The authors substantiate the necessity of a rational approach to the complex process of forming the personnel positive potential of small business on the base of the identified value orientations of various subjects of this megalopolis business.

Child-rearing and “Family Happiness”: From the Standpoint of Sociology

Child-rearing and “Family Happiness”: From the Standpoint of Sociology

СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНАЯ И УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКАЯ ПАРАДИГМА ВОЛОНТЕРСТВА: ПОДХОДЫ В НАУЧНОЙ ДИАХРОНИИ

The scientific article examines various scientific historical and modern approaches to defining the essence of volunteering as a socio-cultural phenomenon from the point of view of domestic and foreign scientists. Various interpretations of the relevance of the problem from the standpoint of philosophy, sociology, economics, law, history, pedagogy, and psychology are given. A comparative and comparative analysis of various scientific and methodological studies has been carried out. The role of volunteering in the formation of socio-cultural behavior, traditions, spiritual and moral development of modern Russian society, in particular student youth, is considered. The importance and relevance of volunteering in the process of obtaining secondary specialized, higher and postgraduate education, as well as for further employment, has been proven.

Sociological Discourse Analysis of the Concept “One Belt, One Road” Context

From the standpoint of sociological discourse analysis and reflective sociology the article examines the context of the “One Belt, One Road” concept based on some of the speeches of the President of the People’s Republic of China Xi Jinping from 2013 to 2021. Since the first mention of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road by Li Keqiang in 2013, there has been some transformation of the concept, in particular, it was supplemented by an overland economic project, and the name “One Belt, One Road” (Belt and Road) was stuck behind it. The concept has come to be associated with the name of the President of the People’s Republic of China Xi Jinping as its initiator, in whose discourse it sounds quite often. Of particular interest is the analysis of the biographical data of Wang Huning, member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee, who is considered one of the authors of the concept under study and Xi Jinping’s advisers. The academic background, the experience of communicating with the American intellectual elite, as well as the scientific interest in the study of European philosophical concepts led to sociological reflection, which influenced not only the semantic content of the Belt and Road, but also the foreign policy of China as a whole, the priority of which is European.

Sociological Discourse-Analysis of the “Chinese Dream” Concept

Introduction. Today, China and its foreign policy priorities largely determine global international politics. The PRC is one of the main partners of Russia. The need to understand the meanings that the Chinese leadership lays in its main political concepts determines the relevance of this study. The intensification of foreign policy demanded from the Chinese leadership an appropriate discourse, formalized in foreign policy concepts of a global scale. One of these concepts is the “Chinese Dream”. Its semantic content, at a first approximation, is opposed to the “American Dream”. If in the “American Dream” the interests of the individual and his/her well-being are at the forefront, then in the case of the “Chinese Dream” , on the contrary, at the top of the pyramid of values are the interests of the state, then society, and only then the individual.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis is sociological discourse analysis, combined with reflexive sociology, through which the author aims to expand the interpretation of the “Chinese dream” and reveal its additional, not obvious meanings. The empirical base was a sample of direct speeches by the leaders of China (Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, Xi Jinping) and their speeches at the CPC congresses. The works of Alvin Gouldner, Zygmunt Bauman, Michel Foucault were used as a theoretical basis. The author also analyzed some theoretical works of one of the main authors of the concept of the “Chinese dream” Li Junzhu, and in the context of the method of reflective sociology were studied and presented his biographical data.Results and discussion. From the standpoint of sociological discourse analysis and reflexive sociology, the article examines the context of the concept of the “Chinese dream” based on the publications of one of its authors Li Junzhu and the speeches of the PRC Presidents at the congresses of the Communist Party of China who used this formulation in their speeches. In the study, based on biographical facts, Li Junzhu shows socio -political reflection, as a result of which the concept under consideration was formulated. The academic background and experience of working with Chinese living abroad contributed to the theoretical development of the concept, which, as a first approximation, bears the load of an attractive national idea of the “American Dream” type.Conclusion. Discourse analysis also reveals a broader semantic content of the concept, which extends to China’s foreign policy and its vision of the system of international relations. When building a dialogue with China, it is useful to take into account this semantic construct, which is contained in the consedered concept.

Historiography of Studies of Ethnocultural Dynamics in the Republic of Khakasia

The article is a chronologically systematized review of the sources of the Soviet and modern periods for the study of ethnocultural dynamics in the Republic of Khakassia. A separate block is devoted to studies of modern ethnic processes at the turn of the 20th‑21st centuries. The article presents the specifics of the study of the ethnocultural dynamics of the capital and regional research centers. Attention to ethnic processes in the republic is fixed from the standpoint of history, ethnopsychology, sociology, cultural studies, and anthropology. The main problems and trends in the study of ethnic processes in the region are considered. Priority research areas related to the study of ethnic identity and the specifics of its formation are highlighted as the features of modern scientific research within the framework of this issue in the context of modern processes of globalization and transformation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of interethnic relations and migration processes taking place in the Republic of Khakassia

FACTORS OF ATTRACTIVENESS OF EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF FINE AND DECORATIVE ARTS

The article dwells upon the problem of revealing ways to increase the attractiveness of education in the field of fine and decorative arts for today’s youth. The specificity of "introducing" contemporary youth into the world of fine arts is studied, starting from the early stages (pre-school education) up to professional training. The factors affecting the decision of a person to choose a specialty in the field of art or education (artistic pedagogy) and the acquisition of corresponding professional qualifications are distinguished as follows: personal factor (abilities and talents of the individual), prestige as a motivational factor as well as information and organizational factors. The methodology of the study envisaged: systemic approach – in order to cover the problem consistently, systematically and holistically; an interdisciplinary approach to consider factors from the standpoint of pedagogy, psychology and sociology; historical approach – to estimate the state of formation of the system for future professional artist’s training as well as fine arts teacher’s training and decorative art tutor preparation. The scientific relevance of the research is the specification of the factors of attractiveness in terms of the choice of artistic or artistic-pedagogical specialty in the modern educational space. Generalization of the possibilities of vocational guidance of the educational system of teaching fine arts in its retrospective view (from the period of 1950-1991 to the beginning of the XXI century) is carried out. On the basis of the principal classification of the factors of choosing a profession and diagnosis results (questionnaires),certain recommendations are given in order to increase the attractiveness of education in the field of fine and decorative arts for both domestic and foreign students wishing to study in Ukraine.

Социодизайн преемственности поколений: теоретико-экспериментальный подход

Various classifications of generations associated with historical and physical time are considered. It is shown that the culturological connection of modern Russian generations has a cyclical nature and can be investigated both at the macrolevel from the standpoint of economic sociology, and at the microlevel from the standpoint of economic psychology. The idea is substantiated that the sociodesign of the generation continuity is associated with mental attitudes and life-meaning values that are accepted and shared by different generations.
 In the pilot study, students and their parents' meaningful values have been determined. Based on the analysis of a number of studies, some trends in forming the values of generation Z and recommendations for teaching generation Z in modern cultural and historical conditions have been identified.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ МОРАЛЬНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ УЧНІВСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ В РЕАЛІЯХ СЬОГОДЕННЯ

The article analyzes scientific research on the issue of forming the moral values of student youth in today’s realities through the prism of Ukraine’s European integration aspirations, proves the need for its comprehensive study due to the identified contradictions. The publication thoroughly explores the concepts of “value”, “morality”, “moral values”. Thus, the concept of “value” is analyzed through the prism of philosophical approaches. The above concept is also studied from the point of view of psychology, sociology and pedagogy. The authors define the main functions of morality, thoroughly analyze the concept of “moral values”, which is also considered from the standpoint of sociology, psychology and pedagogy. The article provides the author’s definition of the process of formation of moral values of student youth, which is considered as a process of rationing based on the internalization of primary values and goals by young people. The authors argue that the formation of moral values of student youth is a systemic process of development and self-development of the individual, and moral education is an integral part of education, which provides a relatively meaningful and purposeful cultivation in accordance with the specific goals, groups and organizations. The publication proves that the main focus of the teacher should be the formation of moral values, and the main goal - the development of the child’s personality, capable of conscious and responsible choice of behavior and actions in various life situations, without violating universal values. The article identifies the following main theoretical problems of formation of moral values of student youth: the problem of coordination of teachers and parents educational influences on student youth in the process of their socialization and individualization; filling the methods of formation of educational activities with appropriate moral content; functioning of interrelation and mutual influence of personal qualities of student’s youth which are in a stage of their formation; creation of an effective model of formation of moral values of student youth which will consider the sequence of development of various qualities of a person. The paper argues that the formation of moral values of student youth is not a common goal that can be achieved in a certain period of time by specific means. The result of this process should be the formed morality of the individual, which can be defined as the highest goal, which allows the existence of all other goals and is the basis of human activity itself. Thus, the formed morality of student youth can be considered not as a goal, but as an ideal - a regulatory principle and a scale for assessing their behavior.