Standards Of Higher Education Research Articles

Soft skills and ethical aspects of business communication in the professional activity of accountant

The relevance of the research topic is highlighted. At present, when many of the functions previously performed by the accountant, are successfully carried out by automated accounting systems, the appropriate education and experience in the specialty are not enough. In order to be in demand in the labor market, the accountant must have, in addition to professional competencies, a number of communication skills and personal skills. The content of hard skills and soft skills, the ability to check and assess the level of their mastering in specific indicators are considered. It is investigated which communicative skills and soft skills should be provided while training specialists in accounting and taxation in the field of higher education. Analysis of higher education standards in specialty 071 «Accounting and Taxation» for the first (Bachelor's and second) (Master's) degrees of higher education is carried out and general and special competencies that correspond to soft skills and those program learning outcomes that these competencies allow to achieve. There are common and different soft skills, which correspond to the competencies and make it possible to achieve program learning outcomes for different levels of higher education in accordance with the standards of higher education in specialty 071 «Accounting and Taxation». It is determined that such basic general cultural norms of communication, which form of expression is tolerance, tact, social and cultural awareness of a person, according to higher education standards in specialty 071 «Accounting and Taxation», are equally important for applicants at both levels of higher education. Such common skill as responsibility is associated with the ability to adhere to professional ethics and apply ethical principles in the performance of professional duties. It is defined that special competencies associated with the acquisition of soft skills for both of these higher education standards relate to the application of ethical principles. It is established that the standards of higher education in specialty 071 «Accounting and Taxation! take into account ethical aspects in the context of both general ethics (spiritual aspect) and professional ethics (practical aspect). The requirement to take into account current trends in changing the priority of soft skills in training the accounting professionals and in professional activities and to develop exactly those skills that are in demand now and in the near future is substantiated.

A Comparative Study: Globalization and Development of Regions of Europe, Asia Pacific, and Latin America

Globalization is one of the most significant concepts of our time that has led to countless academic discussions and public debates. Several empirical literatures have explored how globalization has impacted developed and developing economies. It is critical to study the effects of regional globalization and the impact of different methodological perspectives. This paper examines the effects of globalization across various regions of Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America. The secondary data used for this paper is obtained from Statista and the World Bank. The methodologies used include One-way Anova, Regression Analysis and Ancova. The findings of the Anova show how globalization significantly impacts the regions discussed in this paper. This indicates that the regions derived substantial benefits from globalization. The regression analysis results highlight that there is no relationship between globalization and democracy, and the Ancova results support that the interaction of region and democracy is not significant. We therefore conclude that the growth and development of these regions related to globalization is based on increased competition, employment, investment and capital flows, foreign trade, spread of technical know-how, spread of culture, high standard of education, and structural institutions. This paper provides a platform to better inform policy makers in these regions, as well as the world, on how the benefits of globalization lead to the expansion and growth of developed and developing countries. Keywords: Globalization Index, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Democracy Index , Ancova DOI: 10.7176/IAGS/89-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2021

ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF THE MODERN TEACHER AS A COMPONENT OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The main stages of formation and implementation of the strategy of sustainable development are considered in this article. It is noted that modern world trends aim national economy to transition to a new ideology of life, ecologically oriented society by forming a high level of environmental education in the interests of sustainable development. In the current year the environmental imperative and paradigm should become the guiding principles in the practice of training specialists in any field of activity, including future teachers. In this context, the essence of environmental education as a necessary component of education for sustainable development is revealed. On the one hand, it must be an independent element of the general education system, and on the other hand, it plays an integrative role in the formation of education for sustainable development. Based on the analysis of the level of environmental education of students of the Faculty of Primary Education and Physical Culture of the Municipal Higher Educationаl Institution «Lutsk Pedagogical College» of the Volyn Regional Council, it is noted that gradual apdaiting of educational content with the inclusion of the ideas of sustainable development in the standards of higher education in Ukraine is necessary to increase the level of environmental education as a component of education for sustainable development. Ecological education in the process of professional training of the future teacher will provide improvement of educational process, will allow to open all potential possibilities of the the New Ukrainian School teacher as the leader of ideas of sustainable development of Ukraine.

ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ДОСВІДУ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ АТО ТА ООС ЗБРОЙНИМИ СИЛАМИ УКРАЇНИ ПІД ЧАС ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВИМОГ ДО ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ ФАХІВЦІВ

The article is based on the analysis of the main factors taking place at this time, substantiates the relevance of determining (clarifying) the requirements for professional training of military specialists trained in higher military educational institutions in the field of knowledge "Military Sciences, National Security, State Border Security". The study is based on the fact that at present the general list of requirements for military specialists is defined in the relevant professional standards, standards of higher education and educational programs for their training in each specialty at certain levels of education. These requirements are formulated in terms of competencies and learning outcomes. The purpose of the study is to try to justify the feasibility of implementing the experience of the anti-terrorist operation (ATO) and the Joint Forces (JFO) operation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in determining the requirements for professional training of officers. It is established that the level of training and the general list of competencies that a graduate of a military educational institution has does not fully meet the needs of the modern army. This is clearly evidenced by the experience of hostilities in eastern Ukraine. Analysis of hostilities has shown that the list of tasks to be solved by the military is constantly expanding. Today, in addition to combat missions, they are increasingly involved in solving problems of a socio-humanitarian nature, which requires the formation of both professional and social components of the potential of the soldier's personality. Along with the increase in the requirements for the general level of professional training of military specialists, new requirements for their social and humanitarian training appear. The following new requirements for training are considered: raising the level of leadership qualities of an officer; formation of his personal values and clear personal goals; the ability to counteract the information and psychological influences of the enemy within the information confrontation; ability to establish communications between military units and the local population in the area of hostilities, etc. The analysis is carried out and the essence of the specified requirements is revealed. To solve the research tasks, a system of general scientific and special methods of theoretical and empirical research was used, namely theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem, systematization and generalization of information concerning the essence and content of certain tasks, monitoring of the existing system of military training. system approach, expert evaluation, analysis and interpretation of the obtained empirical data.

Problems of the Shaping Universal and professional competencies among students of Domestic Universities in the implementation of the federal state educational standard of higher education 3++ and ways to solve them

Today, Russia is actively working to introduce the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3++ (FSES HO 3++) into the educational process. At the same time, it is assumed that these higher education standards will contribute to improving the quality of training students of domestic universities for professional activities in domestic organizations. However, as practice shows, the continuous improvement of FSES HO, according to the Bachelor-Master system, does not solve the key problems associated with the training of professionals demanded by domestic organizations, who should be trained by the universities. This paper shows the problems associated with the formation of professional competencies among students of domestic universities in the implementation of FSES HO 3++, as well as possible ways to solve them and to improve the quality of training students as future professionals for domestic organizations. At the same time, all proposals are based on the practical experience of the authors and scientific analysis of existing problems, as well as feedback from employers justifying their requirements for graduates of domestic universities from the standpoint of the needs of organizations in the young professional staff they need, which allows them to successfully solve the issues of timely provision of the required level of competitiveness.

Learning and performance evaluation in distance higher education: a case study during the Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused disruption in students’ education and imposed numerous and unprecedented challenges on the educational systems all over the world turning the traditional learning processes into online distance education. The new context has raised the question of how to evaluate students’ learning and competences in distance education environments as effectively as possible. To maintain high quality standards of higher education, it is undoubtedly necessary to investigate through which tools the lecturers evaluate both the processes and the products of learning gained in online education. This study has been carried out at the University of Florence, with a sample of 60 lecturers, during the first period of pandemic. It has a twofold aim: (1) investigating lecturers’ beliefs on assessment and evaluation in distance higher education and (2) comparing online assessment techniques and tools with those used in face-toface classroom practices. The case study uses mixed methods and proposes data collected through an online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews analyzed with a quanti-qualitative approach. It pointed out the main problems the study group faced in evaluating students’ learning and performance in remote university education and suggested, at the same time, possible solutions to tackle learning and performance evaluation processes through alternative assessment methods.

Організація науково-дослідної роботи здобувачів другого рівня вищої освіти спеціальності «017 Фізична культура і спорт»

The article «Organization of research work of applicants of the second level of higher education in the specialty «017 Physical Culture and Sports» reveals the features of the organization of research activities of applicants of the second (master's) level of higher education in the field. It is proved that research work is an integral part of the educational process in higher education institutions and is provided by a number of legal documents and is implemented by specially organized activities of the educational institution, and directly in the study of general and professional educational components. It is noted that special importance in the research work of applicants for the second level of higher education belongs to the process of its organization. The list of normative-legal documents regulating scientific activity in institutions of higher education is specified, namely: laws of Ukraine; decrees of the President of Ukraine; normative and legal documents of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine; Statute and Concept of scientific activity of educational institution; orders of the rector; The standard of higher education of Ukraine, etc. It is established that the unsurpassed responsibility for research activities in higher education institutions rests with the educational institution and directly on the organization and conduct of educational components of a clearly expressed professional research orientation. It is proved that the organization of research work in higher education institutions, and directly in the specialty «017 Physical Culture and Sports» in modern conditions is provided by: legal documents, and directly approved and implemented by the Standard of higher education of the second (master's) level of higher education; creation of appropriate material and technical research conditions by higher education institutions; active participation of research supervisors and interest of researchers.

Профессиональные и образовательные цели подготовки государственных служащих

The article presents a system-activity approach to implementing the new federal state educational standard of higher education in the training direction 03.38.04 “State and Municipal Administration”. The article substantiates the methodology for designing a model of activities for public servants as the basis for determining professional goals of the educational process at a university. The author defines and differentiates the types of their activities according to the functional characteristics of various categories of civil servants. Professional goals are achieved through the development of professional competence of students, which implies the setting of the following educational goals: developing the student’s leadership potential; developing the citizenship as the ability to realize the rights and responsibilities of a citizen of the country; forming and developing meta subject skills, which are the signs of a civil servant’s professional qualities; mastering management technologies in a certain area of activity. The work presents the experience of approbation of the system-activity approach in the process of teaching. A special role is assigned by the author of information and communication activities of civil servants in the process of exercising their powers.

Benefits and drawbacks of the national and foreign engineering education. Development trends

Modern education is a factor that determines the development of a person not only as a personality, but also as a well-qualified specialist. The change in the vector of development of state educational standards of higher education contributes to the reform of programs and methods of teaching students. The integration of the educational environment has led to the fact that most countries have adopted the Bologna system of education. It is thus losing the individuality of the educational process. This paper presents the differences between the national and foreign models of education, as well as the general requirements currently imposed on the quality of engineering education. The study was conducted based on a survey among students, teachers, and employees of enterprises. The aim was to determine the level of engineering education, the number of specialists, as well as personal and professional qualities of future employees of enterprises. The results of this research are based on respondents’ responses to an online questionnaire. The paper proposes the reconstruction of engineering education based on the scientistific research and the authors’ personal opinion, which contributed to the internationalization of science and the creation of international departments, increased mobility, language training, as well as the creation of conditions for non-standard tasks and team-work. The possibility of training students in real projects, which will promote the relationship between universities and enterprises, as well as facilitate the adaptation of students in the workplace in the future, was considered.

Аналитико-рефлексивная компетентность будущего врача: сущность, структура, условия формирования

Due to the release of new educational standards regulating the activities of educational structures of the Russian Federation the requirements for the results of professional training of a competent specialist with a developed set of competencies have increased. According to the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education in 31.05.01 “Medical Care” and 31.05.02 “Pediatrics”, the future doctor must have a whole range of skills and abilities that determines his professionalism. These include the qualitative analysis of information, the identification of cause-and-effect relationships, the structuring of source data, and the reflection of one's own activities, which ultimately lead to the formation of analytical and reflexive activities. The formation of analytical and reflexive competence of a future doctor in the course of professional training is defined as a continuous and holistic psychological and pedagogical process aimed at strengthening motivation, ability and readiness to effectively carry out analytical and reflexive activities within the framework of professional activity. This has determined the need for the development of new didactic tools that contribute to its improvement in the process of professional training: models, pedagogical conditions, technology of formation, criteria apparatus and diagnostic tools.

To the question of the importance of self-organization and self-development in professional pedagogical activity

The article clarifies the importance of self-organization and self-development for the professional activity of a teacher in the context of the fourth industrial revolution from the standpoint of competence-based and analytical approaches. The reasonableness of the general formulation of a single “Self-organization and self-development” competence in the Russian Federation Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education is shown. The article describes the empirical study results of the peculiarities of understanding by pedagogical university students separately the competences of self-organization and self-development, as important factors of their general professional expertise. The novelty of the research is based on the identification of motivational, cognitive, and activity components. It was revealed that the highest generalized mean values were obtained for the cognitive and motivational components of the future teachers’ ideas about professional self-development, self-organization and the achievement of professional expertise. The lowest mean values were obtained for the action-oriented component. The obtained results of empirical research can be used in the development of training courses, aimed at increasing the level of students’ competences in this area.

ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ СТАНДАРТІВ ТРЕТЬОГО РІВНЯ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ

Problems of developing the Ukrainian PhD standards of higher education are analyzed. The legal framework, which is the basis for their development, requires improvement and elimination of internal contradictions in legal documents and contradictions between different documents. Article 10 of the Law of Ukraine "On Higher Education" needs to be clarified. First of all, this concerns the requirement of Paragraph 1 of Part 3 to define in the standards the number of ECTS credits required for the appropriate degree of higher education. But according to Part 6 of Article 5, the third level educational program must consist of educational and scientific components. Only for the educational component, the Law provides a credit dimension. Therefore, for PhD programs, this requirement of the Law cannot be met. The most problematic of the normative documents is the Procedure for training applicants for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Science in higher education and scientific institutions. In some norms, it uses outdated or indefinite terminology, contradicts the Law of Ukraine "On Higher Education", underestimates the requirements for competencies/learning outcomes established by the National Qualifications Framework. In particular, the requirements of the Procedure for dividing the educational component into separate blocks aimed at achieving certain competencies are incorrect. These competencies are formed not by studying individual components, but by fulfilling the entire educational program, including its scientific component. Some of the requirements of the Procedure would be more relevant in bachelor’s or master’s standards. Some discussion issues are also analyzed. In particular, these concern the description of the subject area, formulation of competencies and learning outcomes, requirements for certification of applicants, recognizing the outcomes of previous learning, an acceptable degree of unification of requirements for different specialties, etc.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DISCIPLINES OF BLOCK 1 FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH SKILLS OF UNDERGRADUATES STUDYING IN THE DIRECTION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

The development of research skills among undergraduates is one of the significant elements of the educational process, which allows forming the competencies laid down by the federal state educational standards of higher education and preparing highly qualified research personnel.

Research on the Application of Cost Accounting in Higher Education Based on Activity-based Costing——Take a Chinese Medicine University as an example

Under the strategic layout of building world-class universities and first-class disciplines, the improvement of the quality requirements of graduates makes the input standard of higher education, namely the increase of education cost, attract wide attention. In this paper, taking the training cost of a Chinese medicine university as the implementation object, activity-based costing method is applied to the education cost accounting of the secondary college of this university, and the results are compared with the traditional cost accounting method, so as to analyze the adaptability and application value of activity-based costing method applied to the education cost of colleges and universities.

Психолого-педагогические основы профессионального становления педагога-психолога

We consider the issue of personal and professional development of future educational psychologists. We present theoretical approaches of Russian and foreign scientists to the issues of the correlation of professional training and the professional development of a person. We consider the process of professional formation in general and in the psychological and pedagogical sphere of activity in particular. We focus on the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation – the master’s degree in psychology and pedagogy, and on the corresponding professional standard as a normative basis for the organization of the educational process in a modern university. The expediency of modernizing the modern educational system in higher education, the reasonableness of the transition to the current competence-based approach as a methodological basis for the organization of the educational process in higher education is argued. The development of professionalism and, most importantly, socially important personal qualities is essential when organizing a developing educational space in higher education. We analyze the volume of the personal component of a specialist as an important component in the concept of professionalism. In conclusion, the expediency of taking into account the basic psychological and pedagogical conditions when designing the professional development of a future educational psychologist is proved.

The experience of the Siberian Law Institute of the Ministryof Internal Affairs of Russia in meeting the requirements of the federal State educational standardsof higher education for the staffing of the main professional educational programs

The experience of the Siberian Law Institute of the Ministryof Internal Affairs of Russia in meeting the requirements of the federal State educational standardsof higher education for the staffing of the main professional educational programs

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ НЕЗАВИСИМОЙ ОЦЕНКИ КВАЛИФИКАЦИИ ВЫПУСКНИКОВ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ

The aim of the article is to describe the elements of the conception of an independent assessment of the qualifications of pedagogy graduates. The National Education Project sets the task of ensuring the global competitiveness of Russian education. The federal project “Teacher of the Future” aims to introduce a national system for teachers’ professional development. The author’s analysis of the literature on the problem showed that general problems of qualifications certification are being investigated. A number of publications describe the purpose, functions and procedures of qualifications assessment in assessment and certification centers. Scholars and practitioners point to the need to create an all-Russian authorized body in the qualifications assessment and certification system. The problems of organizing the activities of qualifications assessment centers as a tool for assessing the quality of education are considered. Publications considering the problem of qualifications assessment in various economy sectors, such as tourism and service, state and municipal service, construction, finance, petroleum products transportation and nanoindustry, are presented. Some works analyze the qualifications assessment of teachers and job training instructors of secondary vocational education institutions, and university staff. Several publications discuss the independent assessment of the qualifications of secondary pedagogical education institution graduates, but the problem of an independent assessment of the qualifications of higher pedagogical education program graduates remains little studied. Consequently, the development of a conception for an independent assessment of pedagogy graduates’ qualifications is relevant. The key idea of the conception the author presents is that the independent assessment of the qualifications of pedagogical training graduates is considered as a quality assurance tool. Quality assurance is achieved by comparing the results of mastering federal state higher educational standards and the requirements of professional standards. The author describes the elements of the conception: regulatory framework and innovative components. The regulatory framework in the conception structure is set at the federal level and contains legislation, requirements, methods, guidelines. The innovative conception components include the characteristics of the participants, conditions, motivational components and areas of activity, content lines and methods of assessment, a toolkit for a substantive description of professional advantages and disadvantages, reflexive and effective components, and a mechanism for implementing the conception. Specification and implementation of the conception are designated as a prospect of the research.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROGRAM SUBJECT AREAS FOR TRAINING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGERS IN UKRAINE AND THE UNITED STATES

The article presents a comparative analysis of information technology and management subject areas in Ukraine and the US over the past 25 years. Special attention is given to the program subject areas under which universities can train specialists in IT management, a branch at the intersection of IT and management. In particular, the article traces transformations in the Cabinet of Ministers’ decrees on these fields of study, and details the amendments introduced into the classification of qualification levels, fields of study and subject areas in compliance with Decrees № 325 dated 1994, № 507 dated 1997, № 1719 dated 13.12.2006, № 787 dated 27.08.2010, and № 266 dated 2015. The article also outlines the higher education standards on IT and management developed on the basis of active Decree № 266 and other regulations. Further, it identifies the specifics of professional training of managers and IT specialists in the US. In particular, it outlines the Guiding Principles and Standards for Business Accreditation by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, and the Computing Curricula Guidelines jointly developed by the Association for Computing Machinery and the Computer Society of the Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Finally, the article correlates computing-related study areas in Ukraine and the US, and shows that reforms in IT and management fields of study are still in progress in Ukraine. The author concludes that while IT components in management subject areas are quite comparable in Ukraine and the US, the weight of business ones in IT subject areas is much smaller in Ukraine, which sidelines the professional training of IT managers in these subject areas. The author stresses the prospects of further analysis of the IT management programs available in Ukraine as well as the opportunities of incorporating the US experience to develop professional training of IT managers in the universities of Ukraine.
 Key words: program subject area; field of study; higher education standards; information technology; management; IT managers.

Technology of development of future choir conductors’ professional competences: system-integrative approach

The article highlights the technology aimed at developing future choir conductors’ professional competences from the standpoint of the system-integrative approach in accordance with the requirements of new standards of higher education for bachelor students majoring in 025 "Musical Arts" in higher educational establishments. It determines the essence of the concepts "system" and "integration" in the context of higher school musical pedagogy as well as characterises the essence of implementation of the system-integrative approach in the process of conductorial-choral training by introducing into the educational process a specific pedagogical model which contains the components as follows: interdisciplinary-cognitive integration, methodical-operational integration, profession- and competence-based integration. It is established that the interdisciplinary-cognitive integration is a synthesis of knowledge units comprehended within special disciplines during the conductorial-choral training which form a new structural and substantive level of each separate discipline in the process of synthesis. It is noted that the methodological-operational integration acts at the intersection of a number of specific field methods dealing with the conductorial-choral disciplines and, as a result of polymodal accumulation of techniques, appears in the form of established professional methodological competences to be generalised, analysed and evaluated; they are based on their methodological knowledge and understanding of their further usage in the process of professional creativity. It is determined that the professional-competence integration is a strategic goal and the final result of the process of conductorial-choral training of the future bachelors: separate professional competences of the future choral conductors are integrated subsystems that jointly form a higher order system − the professional image of a choir conductor. The article systematises and organises professional competences of a future choir conductor, which are formed as a result of the proposed technology of their development on the basis of the system-integrative approach, and are considered as unconditional priorities of choral conductor's professionalism in the course of the polymorphic choir managerial and conductorial-pedagogical activities.

Enhancing Listening Skill for Secondary Level Learners through Virtual Learning

Education has become the important aspect of human society. Technology plays a major role in all fields and education is not an exception. The demand for high standard of education is steadily increasing. The systems and methods of teaching change from time to time. In recent years, virtual learning has become effectively employed for better learning. In India, virtual learning is employed at the tertiary level e.g. IIT. But it is not used in the secondary level. Virtual learning renders to high standard of learning and acquisition. It offers diversity of sources and exposures. Virtual learning offers online coaching and videos. Students tend to enjoy learning in the new environment. Virtual learning provides experts lectures and space for better sources. Virtual learning offers a better learning for students and in turn crops a better learning. This paper deals with various aspects of virtual learning in developing listening skills of secondary learners.