Standard Edition Research Articles

From the Editor

From the Editor Dominic Rainsford The 25th Dickens Society Symposium, which would have marked the 150th anniversary of Dickens's death and was due to take place in London in splendid coordination with the Dickens Fellowship, shared the sad fate of so many events planned for this awful and astonishing year, and had to be cancelled. But all was not lost. The anniversary day itself, June 9th, was rescued for many of us by a Zoom-based conference, #Dickens 150, brilliantly managed by Emily Bell and Lydia Craig. Highlights included keynote lectures by Leon Litvack and Pete Orford, as well as a moving appeal for emergency support for the Dickens Museum from the Director, Cindy Sughrue. The proceeds from #Dickens 150 were donated to the Museum, which happily, as I write, is due to reopen on July 25th. Dickens would have had a great deal to say about the present situation, and we can only lament, as usual, that he is no longer with us. But we continue reading him because the world that he addressed in the nineteenth century is still in most respects our world. And of course, he knew a great deal about disease–physical, as well as mental and metaphorical–and how its processes of dissemination and unequal effects reveal (as they do now) all of the weaknesses and injustices of an entire social system. This grim timeliness, in Bleak House and elsewhere, was forcefully explored in another fine section of #Dickens 150: a roundtable on "Dickens and Contagion."1 While Dickens Quarterly must always keep its focus on Dickens's own era and the facts of life and art as they then applied, we will certainly embrace up-to-the-minute significance when it comes our way. It was a happy and thought-provoking coincidence, therefore, when we received in quick succession three unsolicited pieces which, in very different ways, address Dickens and misinformation or "fake news," ranging from an awkward misrepresentation of Dickens's wishes in his own lifetime (William F. Long), through the perpetuation over more than a century of erroneous dictionary definitions, with Dickens's authority taken in vain (David L. Gold), to the sometimes horrendously garbled abuse of Dickens as source of inspirational soundbites in social media (Lydia Craig). Some may feel that this is an [End Page 221] especially relevant area to explore in an issue of the Quarterly that coincides with the US Presidential election. But it would always be relevant, and may point the way (along with Adam Abraham's book, reviewed in this issue) towards a wider consideration of authenticity, authority, trust and sincerity, through imaginative literature, a medium which is false by definition (fiction, hyperbole, subjectivism), but which we nevertheless seem to look to, not least in the case of Dickens, as a source of, or at least a route towards, valuable and applicable truth. It is a timely reminder, too, of how extensive and diverse Dickens's reach continues to be, from austere literary theorists and scrupulous textual scholars, through a host of profoundly uncategorizable "general readers," to the likes of "PapaPolarBear" and "Chavstallion" (not to mention the unfortunate "Inselstricken"). Seeking, in our small way, for some reliability within this vertiginous environment, Dickens Quarterly will continue to be meticulous in evaluating sources and checking quotations. While Dickens's words may be chopped up and twisted around, all over the Internet, here they will continue to be drawn from standard editions. It is great news, therefore, that the first volume of the Oxford Dickens (long-awaited successor to the Clarendon) is scheduled for publication later this year: Paul Schlicke's edition of Sketches by Boz, which will soon be reviewed in these pages. Meanwhile, scholarly work on Dickens, including doctoral dissertations, continues to be formidable in both quality and quantity. This should be clear from the "Dickens Checklist" in this issue, which has been further swelled by a concerted effort to catch up on everything from 2019 that has not previously been reported. Future checklists are likely to revert to something more like the normal size, but we will try to be as comprehensive as possible. Meanwhile, the present list is quite revealing about which Dickensian...

Recent Articles

Recent Articles Takeshi Sakamoto, Joanna Maciulewicz, Donald R. Wehrs, Donald R. Wehrs, Robert G. Walker, Neil Guthrie, Christopher D. Johnson, Melvyn New, Melvyn New, Christopher D. Johnson, Neil Guthrie, Neil Guthrie, Robert G. Walker, Robert G. Walker, Christopher D. Johnson, Christopher D. Johnson, Christopher D. Johnson, Christopher D. Johnson, Christopher D. Johnson, Jakub Lipski, and Joanna Maciulewicz ADDISON Bernard, Stephen. “The First Advertisement for the Spectator,” N&Q, 66 (2019), 91–92. Discovered in the British Library and printed here is “a small paper ticket (there were no newspaper advertisements for the journal that day),” the first lines of which read, “To Morrow will be publish’d / A Paper intitled, / The SPECTATOR / which will be continued every / Day.” Two paragraphs summarize the rather astounding popularity (and proliferation of editions) from the modest beginning on March 1, 1711 through Bond’s scholarly edition (Clarendon, 1965), justifying Bernard’s conclusion that the advertisement is “remarkable . . . for its lack of presumption, and possibly for its lack of foreknowledge of what this journal would turn out to be.” Bernard, Stephen. “The Bibliographical History of the Spectator,” eBLJ (2019). Online. Bernard has compiled a thorough and valuable “bibliography of editions of and selections from The Spectator,” from the first complete edition, published by Jacob Tonson beginning in 1712, to the 2014 online version of Donald F. Bond’s standard modern edition, first issued in 1965. Included are British Library shelfmarks, as well as links to editions available in digital facsimile on ECCO. As Bernard suggests in his brief headnote, there is much work left to be done on the reception of Addison and Steele’s most influential periodical. Some light on this area will presumably be shed by the imminent edition from Oxford University Press of the Non-Periodical Works of Addison, edited by Paul Davies and Henry Power, with an accompanying volume of scholarly essays. Perhaps a boom in Addison studies lies ahead. Strawn, Morgan. “Addison’s Anglican Rationalism, Cato’s Tragic Flaw, and Stoicism,” 1650–1850, 24 (2019), 32–53. Strawn covers some well-traveled ground in order to weigh Stoicism against Anglicanism and find Cato a flawed hero. It served Anglican apologists to equate Dissenters (and religious enthusiasm more generally) with Stoic asceticism, for example, and it served Christians more generally to denigrate all classical philosophy as pre-Revelation and hence culpable. To the contrary, Cato was long celebrated for self-discipline and dedication to freedom, so ambivalence was built into Addison’s drama. Against Addison’s “joyful Christianity,” there was Cato’s melancholy and obsessive nature; against Anglicanism’s awareness of conscience’s fallibility was Cato’s certainty concerning the righteousness of his behavior. Cato’s suicide of course raises yet another barrier between classical and Christian thought. Still, Strawn faces an uphill battle in finding this ambivalence reflected in Addison’s drama. To be sure, as a tragic hero under siege, Cato could not exhibit the “pious cheerfulness” of the Spectator’s version of Christian morality. Rather, he [End Page 3] exhibits the melancholy we might associate with other tragic heroes, from Oedipus to Hamlet; that this connects Cato to the melancholic obsessiveness of Swift’s portraits of religious enthusiasm seems a bit strained. Even Cato’s response to his son’s death seems more an attempt by Addison to reach toward the excess of tragic sublimity rather than a manifestation of monomania. Cato is certain of his righteousness, unlike some ideal Christians who accept the fallibility of conscience, but such acceptance also undercuts the tradition of martyrdom, prevalent in both Catholic and Anglican communion. Strawn uses a 1928 edition of the play; he would have been better served by consulting the very good 2004 edition, edited by Christine Dunn Henderson and Mark E. Yellin (Liberty Fund), which includes more than thirty essays by Addison that reflect on his portrait of Cato and its political context. ASTELL Tann, Donovan. “Ascetic Cosmopolitanism: Imagining Religious Retreat in Mary Astell’s A Serious Proposal to the Ladies, Parts I and II and Letters Concerning the Love of God,” 1650–1850, 24 (2019), 305–327. Astell’s commitment to rigid Anglicanism has disturbed critics casting her...

基于Latex的标准文档在线编辑协作平台的设计与实现

基于Latex的标准文档在线编辑协作平台的设计与实现

The Norton Chaucer ed. by David Lawton

Reviewed by: The Norton Chaucer ed. by David Lawton David Raybin David Lawton, ed. The Norton Chaucer. New York: W. W. Norton, 2019. Pp. xii, 1196. $62.50 cloth; $35.00 e-book. Chaucer scholars and students alike may be grateful to David Lawton for his composition of a much-needed and reasonably priced classroom-friendly edition of Chaucer's complete works. The sturdy, hardback Norton Chaucer provides reliable texts and helpful introductory material, and it is admirably user-friendly for both students and a general audience. Pages are easy on the eyes, presenting Chaucer's poetry and prose in single columns and a large and crisp font. Marginal glosses are placed at the side of each page, with explanatory notes at the bottom. Lawton's lightly modernized texts are easily legible, and the presentation is comfortable enough for sitting back in a chair and reading. As best as I can tell, the only other edition of the complete works currently in print is Oxford University Press's 2008 paperback reissue of the 1987 Riverside Chaucer, available in Britain but not for sale in the United States or Canada. Thus, for North Americans who wish to read all of Chaucer, the book is a necessity. British readers may also prefer Norton, as the Riverside paperback's minuscule print and back-of-volume notes are difficult to use for many readers. It must be acknowledged that the Norton Chaucer is not a replacement for Riverside as a standard scholarly edition. The glories of Riverside are its voluminous explanatory and textual notes, detailed (albeit now out-dated) discussions of the critical tradition, and an authoritative list of primary texts. In contrast, Norton includes no textual notes and relatively few explanatory notes, treats the critical tradition only minimally, presents a selective three-page bibliographical note that ignores primary sources, and prints only fifty lines from the G-text of the Prologue to The Legend of Good Women (those related to "Chaucer's library" [1117]). Recommendations for reading about Chaucer's life are limited to Derek Pearsall's 1992 biography and two articles by Christopher Cannon on raptus and rape (though a careful eye will find Marion Turner's massive Chaucer: A European Life mentioned in relation to "Chaucer's place as a European writer and thinker" [51]). Norton's twenty-six-page glossary hardly compares with Riverside's hundred pages of Middle English words and seventeen pages of proper names. What the Norton Chaucer does offer is a splendid volume for classroom use. Lawton's General Introduction (fifty-three pages) speaks lucidly of Chaucer's life, reading, afterlives, and reception; of the urban and national [End Page 421] political and social environments that he inhabited; and of the manuscripts and principal editions of his various works. An additional section (eleven pages) offers a cogent treatment of Chaucer's language and meter, and a rationale for mild modernization of the manuscript spellings. Brief descriptive analyses introduce each of Chaucer's longer works, the different parts (fragments) of the Canterbury Tales, and the shorter poems. This presentation facilitates "reading Chaucer in his original language" by recognizing that "nonspecialist readers … may need less apparatus and more help than standard scholarly editions provide" (45). A CD included with the book introduces readers to the sounds of Chaucer's Middle English. Twenty-nine admirably clear recordings from across Chaucer's work—by Lawton, Jennifer Brown, Ruth Evans, and Elizabeth Robertson—capture the energy and many voices of Chaucer's poetry. What matters most in a Chaucer edition is, of course, the quality of its texts, and Lawton's texts are reliable. He has reedited "[e]very line of Chaucer's poetry, consulting manuscripts, [E. Talbot] Donaldson's text [in the 1958 Chaucer's Poetry]), and the decisions of other editors" (ix), including light adaptation of Kathryn Lynch's Norton Critical Edition of the dream poems. Chaucer's prose texts are newly edited by Jennifer Arch. Following on Donaldson's lead, Lawton has rethought punctuation and modernized spelling, though not to the extent of his predecessor, and he has retained the traditional Canterbury Tales line numbering by part instead of Donaldson's separate numbering of each tale...

Wasiat Rasulullah Kepada Ali bin Abi Thalib Dalam Naskah Washiyyatu al-Mustafa (Edisi Teks dan Terjemahan)

This study discusses Waṣiyyah al-Muṣṭafa (WM) manuscript which contains the Prophet's will for Ali bin Abi Thalib. This manuscript is a single manuscript which written by Ahmad Thabibuddin using Sundanese. This manuscript obtained from people collection in Cianjur, West Java. The condition of the manuscript when it was found was quite good even though there were some damage such as torn, folded, and corrupt. This research used philology method, as for edition method of this research is standard edition. The purposes of this research is to produce text edition which is pure of written errors. So, it can be enjoyed by readers generally. In addition, this study aims to reveal the will of the Prophet to Ali bin Abi Thalib to become a daily lesson and practice of Muslims. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that this text consists opening section, contents section which includes 15 part, and closing section. Written errors only occurred in substitution and omission cases, the most cases occurred is substitution cases with percentage of 81.8%, while omission is only 18.1%, this shows the writing errors that occurred are mechanical and the author is not aware moreover intended to change it. The results showed that the Messenger of Allah willed about various aspects of life, both the scope of individuals such as honesty or social scope such as way in friends relationship. In addition, this will guides the relationship between humans and humans with their Lord.

Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. 9th edition

Dear Colleagues!
 We are glad to present the 9th Edition (revised) of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation.
 The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011, 2013), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011, 2012, 2013), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2018, 2019), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2019), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2014, 2018) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012, 2015). Current edition of the Standards also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, SAVOR, TECOS, LEADER, EXAMINE, ELIXA, SUSTAIN, DEVOTE, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, DECLARE, CARMELINA, REWIND, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals.
 Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 463 million patients by the end of 2019. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 578 million patients will be suffering from diabetes mellitus by by 2030 and 700 million by 2045.
 Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4 584 575 patients with DM in this country by the end of 2018 (3,1% of population) with 92% (4 238 503) Type 2 DM, 6% (256 202) Type 1 DM and 2% (89 870) other types of DM, including 8 006 women with gestational DM. However, these results underestimates real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) con- firmed that only 54% of Type 2 DM are diagnosed. So real number of patients with DM in Russia is 9 million patients (about 6% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they dont receive any treatment ant have high risk of vascular complications.
 Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death.
 In сurrent edition of the Standards:
 
 New goals of glycemic control for the elderly, based on the presence of functional dependence, as well as for pregnant women, children and adolescents, are given.
 Added a snippet that describes the continuous glucose monitoring.
 Only low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is used as a target for lipid metabolism.
 Proposes more stringent target levels of blood pressure.
 It also features updated guidelines on stratification of treatment in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes: the excess of the initial level of HbA1c over the target level was used as a criterion.
 In the recommendations for the personalization of the choice of antidiabetic agents, it is taken into account that in certain clinical situations (the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, obesity, the risk of hypoglycemia) certain classes of hypoglycemic agents (or individual drugs) have proven advantages.
 Recommendations for psychosocial support are added.
 The position of metabolic surgery as a method of treatment of DM with morbid obesity is updated.
 Recommendations for diagnostic and treatment of hypogonadism syndrome in men with DM are added.
 For the first time, evidence levels of confidence and credibility levels of recommendations for diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive interventions based on a systematic review of the literature are given in accordance with the recommendations of the Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
 
 This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discus- sions held at national meetings and forums.
 These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists, primary care physicians and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of DM.
 On behalf of the Working Group

Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. 9th edition

Dear Colleagues!
 We are glad to present the 9th Edition (revised) of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation.
 The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011, 2013), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011, 2012, 2013), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2018, 2019), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2019), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2014, 2018) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012, 2015). Current edition of the Standards also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, SAVOR, TECOS, LEADER, EXAMINE, ELIXA, SUSTAIN, DEVOTE, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, DECLARE, CARMELINA, REWIND, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals.
 Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 463 million patients by the end of 2019. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 578 million patients will be suffering from diabetes mellitus by by 2030 and 700 million by 2045.
 Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4 584 575 patients with DM in this country by the end of 2018 (3,1% of population) with 92% (4 238 503) Type 2 DM, 6% (256 202) Type 1 DM and 2% (89 870) other types of DM, including 8 006 women with gestational DM. However, these results underestimates real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) con- firmed that only 54% of Type 2 DM are diagnosed. So real number of patients with DM in Russia is 9 million patients (about 6% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they dont receive any treatment ant have high risk of vascular complications.
 Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death.
 In сurrent edition of the Standards:
 
 New goals of glycemic control for the elderly, based on the presence of functional dependence, as well as for pregnant women, children and adolescents, are given.
 Added a snippet that describes the continuous glucose monitoring.
 Only low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is used as a target for lipid metabolism.
 Proposes more stringent target levels of blood pressure.
 It also features updated guidelines on stratification of treatment in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes: the excess of the initial level of HbA1c over the target level was used as a criterion.
 In the recommendations for the personalization of the choice of antidiabetic agents, it is taken into account that in certain clinical situations (the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, obesity, the risk of hypoglycemia) certain classes of hypoglycemic agents (or individual drugs) have proven advantages.
 Recommendations for psychosocial support are added.
 The position of metabolic surgery as a method of treatment of DM with morbid obesity is updated.
 Recommendations for diagnostic and treatment of hypogonadism syndrome in men with DM are added.
 For the first time, evidence levels of confidence and credibility levels of recommendations for diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive interventions based on a systematic review of the literature are given in accordance with the recommendations of the Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
 
 This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discus- sions held at national meetings and forums.
 These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists, primary care physicians and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of DM.
 On behalf of the Working Group

Fundamental Assessment Principles for Teachers and School Administrators.

While several authors have argued that there are a number of essential assessment concepts, principles, techniques, and procedures that teachers and administrators need to know about (e.g. Calfee & Masuda,1997; Cizek, 1997; Ebel, 1962; Farr & Griffin, 1973; Fleming & Chambers, 1983; Gullickson, 1985, 1986; Mayo, 1967; McMillan, 2001; Sanders & Vogel, 1993; Schafer, 1991; Stiggins & Conklin, 1992 ), there continues to be relatively little emphasis on assessment in the preparation of, or professional development of, teachers and administrators (Stiggins, 2000). In addition to the admonitions of many authors, there are established professional standards for assessment skills of teachers (Standards for Teacher Competence in Educational Assessment of Students (1990), a framework of assessment tasks for administrators (Impara & Plake, 1996), the Code of Professional Responsibilities in Educational Measurement (1995), the Code of Fair Testing Practices (1988), and the new edition of Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (1999). If that isn’t enough information, a project directed by Arlen Gullickson at The Evaluation Center of Western Michigan University will publish standards for evaluations of students in the near future.

Gospel Minstrelsy

American Religion 1, no. 1 (Fall 2019), pp. 137–149 Copyright © 2019, The Trustees of Indiana University • doi: 10.2979/amerreli.1.1.08 Review Essay GOSPEL MINSTRELSY on Bob Dylan, Trouble No More: 1979–1981 The Bootleg Series, volume 13 Columbia Records (2017) Kathryn Lofton Yale University, New Haven, USA You have to begin by capturing in words something that is only partly about words. It isn’t not about words. It is just that words are the wrong way at it. Gospel is the sound of spirit. A particular kind of song and lyric, yes. Mainly, though, a spirit you use sound to achieve. Braxton Shelley says, “gospel music is a means by which to make one’s way through the world.” In his language, gospel is a sonic phenomenon that deploys a combination of repetition and intensification “to organize both sound and perception in pursuit of transcendence.”1 I am now going to write about something that we should hear to know.2 1 Braxton D. Shelley, “Analyzing Gospel,” Journal of the American Musicological Society 72, no. 1 (2019), 196, 239. My work about Bob Dylan in music history is inspired and informed by the scholarly and pedagogical contributions of Daphne Brooks and Gayle Wald. 2 Listening to gospel music while reading or writing about gospel music helps correct for some of this sensory hermeneutic confusion. If you would like a soundtrack to your reading, consider pulling up The Bootleg Series Vol. 13: Trouble No More 1979–1981. On streaming services, you find the standard two-disc edition. From that double album I American Religion 1:1 138 Of course: we talk a lot about gospel. We talk about its formal chronological beginnings (the 1930s) and the regions that intersected to forge its emergence (i.e., “Gospel music is the twentieth-century form of African American religious music that evolved in urban cites following the Great Migration of Blacks from the agrarian South in the period surrounding World Wars I and II”).3 We talk about its predecessor and contributing genres (spirituals, blues, jubilee, and camp-meeting songs); we talk about its founding father (Thomas A. Dorsey, 1899–1993) and his signature song (“Precious Lord”).4 We talk about its defining attributes (the call and response format, ample room for improvisation, rhythm, and frequent use of the flatted seventh and third in melodies).5 We try to write out how we got from there to here, from Mahalia Jackson (1911–1972) to Yolanda Adams (1961-), James David Vaughan (1864–1941) to Kirk Franklin (1970-), Rosetta Tharpe (1915–1973) to Valerie June (1982-). We try to say what is so special about this sound alongside other sounds, and why this sound could make communities stand up, and feel together. Whatever our studies of gospel music address, they invariably try to name this feeling of gospel sound. Where does that feeling derive, and what does that feeling do? Gospel songs “are emotionally inspired—by visions, trouble, sorrow, thanksgiving, and joy,” notes George Ricks.6 Gospel songs are trying to—in the words of Thomas Dorsey—“help somebody else” through an upbeat retelling of the “good news.”7 Throughout the history of Christianity, the concept of gospel was connected to an idea of a singular life story that needed to be told to others so they could know something they might not about the recommend tracks 5 and 12 from the first disc, and 6 and 16 from the second. The eleventh installment in the Columbia bootleg series of Dylan’s recordings, Trouble No More is available in three versions: a two-disc set common to the rest of the series after the first three volumes; a four-LP album version of the standard set; and a nine-disc deluxe version including a DVD. 3 Mellonee V. Burnim, “Gospel,” African American Music: An Introduction, 2nd ed., ed. Mellonee V. Burnim and Portia K. Maultsby (New York: Routledge, 2015), 189. 4 Burnim, “Gospel,” 171. 5 Robert Darden, People Get Ready! A New History of Black Gospel Music (New York: Continuum, 2004), 183. 6 George Robinson Ricks, Some Aspects of Religious Music of the United States Negro: An Ethnomusicological Study with Special...

Narrative Empathy in James Bradley’s Clade: Disability, Ecosickness and Hope

In his latest novel Clade (2015), Australian author James Bradley portrays apocalyptic scenarios in the aftermath of the ubiquitous climate change that is affecting our planet, while following the human conflicts of three generations of the Leith family. And yet, this article argues that the novel privileges an optative mood instead of the traditional collective catastrophe of canonical eco-fiction. To do so, the article scrutinises some formal strategies of narrative empathy, such as character identification and multiple focalisation, which favour the reader’s emotional engagement. In the novel, vulnerable manifestations disclose a profound empathic orientation, addressing an ethics of care that implicates the reader affectively. DOI: 10.17456/SIMPLE-138 Bibliography Bradley, James. 1997. Wrack . London: Vintage. Bradley, James. 1999. The Deep Field . New York: Henry Holt & Co. Bradley, James. 2006. The Resurrectionist . Sydney: Pan Macmillan. Bradley, James. 2015a. Clade . London: Titan Books. Bradley, James. 2015b. The End of Nature and Post-Naturalism: Fiction and the Anthropo- cene, https://cityoftongues.com/2015/12/30/the-end-of-nature-and-post-naturalism-fic- tion-and-the-anthropocene/ (consulted on 21/03/2019). Buell, Frederick. 2003 . From Apocalypse to Way of Life: Environmental Crisis in the American Century . London-New York: Routledge. “Clade”. Definition of clade in English. English Oxford Living Dictionaries , https://www.lex- ico.com/en/definition/clade (consulted on 26/03/2019). Coplan, Amy. 2004. Empathic Engagement with Narrative Fictions. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism , 62, 2: 141-152. Coplan, Amy & Peter Goldie. 2011. Introduction. Amy Coplan & Peter Goldie eds. Empathy: Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives . Oxford: Oxford University Press, ix-xlvii. Defoe, Daniel. 2003 [1772]. A Journal of the Plague Year . London: Penguin. Freud, Sigmund. 1956 [1917]. Mourning and Melancholia. James Strachey ed. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. Vol. 14 . London: The Hogarth Press, 243-258. Ganteau, Jean-Michel. 2015. The Ethics and Aesthetics of Vulnerability in Contemporary British Fiction . New York: Routledge. Garrard, Greg. 2004. Ecocriticism . Abingdon-New York: Routledge. Goldie, Peter. 2011. Anti-Empathy. Amy Coplan & Peter Goldie eds. Empathy: Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 302-317. Hirsch, Marianne. 2014. Vulnerable Times. Modern Language Association, https://apps.mla.org/pdf/pres_theme_invitation_2014.pdf (consulted on 29/03/2019). Houser, Heather. 2016. Ecosickness in Contemporary U.S. Piction: Environment and Affect . New York: Columbia University Press. Keen, Suzanne. 2007. Empathy and the Novel . Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kristeva, Julia. 1984 [1979]. Revolutions in Poetic Language . New York: Columbia University Press. Leake, Eric. 2014. Humanizing the Inhumane: The Value of Difficult Empathy. Meghan Marie Hammond & Sue J. Kim eds. Rethinking Empathy through Literature . New York: Routledge, 175-186. Nussbaum, Martha. 1995. Poetic Justice: The Literary Imagination and Public Life. Boston: Beacon. Pierce, Peter. 2015. The Catastrophe Business: Clade by James Bradley. Sydney Review of Books . 20 March, https://sydneyreviewofbooks.com/clade-james-bradley/ (consulted on 27/03/2019). Trexler, Adam. 2015. Anthropocene Fictions: The Novel in a Time of Climate Change . Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.

Celtic Heroines: The Contributions of Women Scholars to Arthurian Studies in the Celtic Languages

Abstract This article surveys some of the main contributions of female scholars to the study of Arthurian literature in the Celtic languages from the nineteenth century to the present day. Scholarship by women has been integral to the study of Celtic Arthurian literature since the translations of native Welsh texts by Lady Charlotte Guest. Since then, women’s contributions have been foundational to the field, influencing theories of transmission, analysis and the standard editions of much Arthurian material in Welsh, Irish, Gaelic and Breton. They remain vital to the life of Arthurian scholarship, and the final section addresses contributions by younger scholars whose lasting influence remains to be seen.

Upgrading the Iranian national laboratory standard to conform to ISO 15189:2012

The Reference Health Laboratory (RHL) of Iran is the national authority responsible for making policies and plans for providing quality laboratory services throughout the country. RHL composed a national laboratory standard in 2007 as the minimum mandatory quality requirements for clinical laboratories. The reference of that standard was ISO 15189:2007, with considerable modifications. It also contained many technical details from other credible references to become applicable for Iranian laboratories. Shortly afterward, complying with the national standard became a condition for renewing laboratory licenses. The success rate of license renewal in 2016 revealed that the majority of laboratories had implemented the main requirements of the standard. Therefore, we decided to upgrade the national standard and make it more compatible with ISO 15189:2012. Nevertheless, we tried to keep it comprehensible and user friendly, and adjusted it to the national regulations. To ensure that the new edition matches the local needs, all laboratory stakeholders were involved in revising the related sections. The second edition of the national laboratory standard is used as a scale for competency assessment. It follows the structure and format of the ISO 15189:2012. The content is also similar, although some explanations, examples and regulatory requirements are added to clarify or adapt it to the local condition. Here, we reviewed the process of upgrading the standard and discussed why and how we elaborated on certain sections of the international standard to make it easily understandable and facilitate its application while preserving the format and structure of the ISO 15189.

DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR DESIGN ONTOLOGICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

The features of the progressive methodological basis for the construction of formalized descriptions of technologies for their subsequent analysis are discussed. The existing possibilities of ontological knowledge engineering applied to the problem of the structural representation of technologies using computer tools are noted. Presented functionality of the developed software that allows automating staged algorithmic procedures for constructing unified decomposition structures of formalized descriptions of technologies. Analysed following development tools: Java Standard Edition programming platform, “Eclipse” IDE, Java programming language, PostgreSQL database management system, “Swing” library for creating a graphical interface and “JGraphX” library for graphs visualization. Database structure of the developed software is described: shown database schema, database tables are defined and the links between them are indicated. The architecture of the developed software is presented: shown data flow scheme and the purpose of each of the modules is described. The main advantages of the developed software “OntoTechnology” is designated, which shows the practical significance of the results.

Edisi Teks Naskah Shiyam Ramadhan

This study carried out an edition of the text on the ShiyamRamadhan manuscript found in one of the scriptorium in the form of aresident's house in Kerinci Regency. The researcher conducted a textedition with diplomatic and standard edition techniques. Both editionsare presented according to the methods and work steps that have beendetermined. The results of the text edition with diplomatic methodsand standards are then described using content analysis. The authorfound the existence of locality values in the text when describing thetopic of fasting in Ramadhan. The results of the text edition andreview of the contents lead the writer to the conclusion that culturalacculturation in the spread of Islamic syari'ah was found in Kerincidistrict.

Uji Perbandingan Penetapan Kadar Sediaan Tablet Allopurinol 300 mg Generik dengan Nama Dagang Beredar di Distrik Sentani, Jayapura

Allupurinol is a medicine to treat gout especially to minimize the quantity of uric acid inside human blood. This study aims to understand the quality of gout drugs particularly the standard of Allupurinol between generic 300 mg and others Allupurinol tablet in retails at Jayapura Regency. Survey method has been used and samples were collected from Sentani district, Jayapura Regency. Spectrophotometer was used to determine the rate of Allupurinol. The results proved that in Allupurinol generic (A) the rate was 100.28% and generic (B) was 99.044%. For others tablet non generic with naming (a) the rate of Allupurinol as 99.46% while (b) was 100.77%. It means the averages of Allupurinol contain in generic was 99.6% and non-generic was 100.12%. According to Indonesian Farmakope Manual 4th Edition, the rate of Allupurinol contains in a drug must be 93.0% for minimum and can’t be more than 107.0%. Our study shown that Allupurinol generic with (A) label and non-generic with (b) label are based on the Indonesian Farmakope Standard 4th Edition.  Key words: Tablet Allopurinol, Penetapan generik, Jayapura. Â

Análise das Potencialidades do Uso de Imagens Orbitais de Alta Resolução Espacial Visando Atender as Especificações da Norma Técnica e Georreferenciamento de Imóveis Rurais

The certification processes of rural real estate in Brazil was once conducted in a slow and inefficient way, and its analysis under INCRA was bureaucratic. As per the various barriers faced by this institution, they have created the land management system, and to meet this new standard, it was launched in 2013 the 3rd Edition of Technical Standards of Rural Properties Georeferencing (TSRPG), which provides the remote sensing to determine natural boundaries like mountains, hillsides and rivers. Therefore, the objective here is to present a methodological proposal for the use of satellite images of high spatial resolution, from flat to smoothly wavy rural areas, pursuing determination vertices (M, P, V) that meets the specifications of the 3rd TSRPG. For the development of the ortorretification process, it was used a Worldview 2 orbital image, in a rural landscape of approximately 260 ha images, located in Brazlândia/DF, Brazil. In this sense, 13 terrestrial points of control were collected with Topcon receptors Hyper Lite + GNSS (L1/T2). The ortorretification was processed based on Digital Elevation Modes (DEM), using original data both originated from the Terracap level curves (1:10,000), and from SRTM data. These conditions allowed the achievement a cartographic accuracy, Class A, at the scale of 1:5,000 which is five times better than the results stipulated by INCRA. Therefore, it was generated a map containing the intersection of flat and smoothly wavy rural areas regardless the INCRA certification, which makes up an area around 145 million hectares suitable for the application of this method.

Préface à la Revised Standard Edition

Une nouvelle édition autorisée des écrits de Freud traduits en anglais – la Revised Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud – va bientôt être publiée sous une forme imprimée, près de trois décennies après que la révision a été conçue. Cette pré-impression de la préface de l’Éditeur offre un aperçu aussi bien de la nature que de la portée des révisions.

Editor’s Introduction: The Sheltering Tree

Editor’s Introduction: The Sheltering Tree

Geothermal and Mineralogic Analysis of Hot Springs in the Puracé-La Mina Sector in Cauca, Colombia

Thermal waters are natural resources of great value to geothermal sciences, the tourism industry, and health. In this work, geochemical classification of physicochemical results of 17 sources at the Puracé-La Mina (Cauca, Colombia) sector was implemented in order to strengthen and determine their potential applications and enhance the continental tourism in Colombia. The analyzed parameters were developed following the Standard Methods 22nd edition, at Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Manizales. According to the results obtained by means of a geochemical classification, it was found that most of the sources have a sulfated-acid nature which makes them heated vapor waters and volcanic waters. Likewise, it was observed that all the sources are immature waters and still do not reach chemical equilibrium. On the other hand, mineralogical and chemical characterization by means of XRD and XRF showed a high content of silica isomorphous minerals with a low concentration. In addition, the presence of Fe2O3 was observed, which is insoluble at pH > 5 and remains in the rock. Nevertheless, considering that mine sources possess pH ± 2 and temperatures of 40°C, leaching is possible for iron justifying its presence in the water. Instead, elements like Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ have high mobility at the conditions of mine sources (low pH) as a consequence of hydrolysis processes, which produce variations in water composition.

Predicting protein-ligand binding residues with deep convolutional neural networks

BackgroundLigand-binding proteins play key roles in many biological processes. Identification of protein-ligand binding residues is important in understanding the biological functions of proteins. Existing computational methods can be roughly categorized as sequence-based or 3D-structure-based methods. All these methods are based on traditional machine learning. In a series of binding residue prediction tasks, 3D-structure-based methods are widely superior to sequence-based methods. However, due to the great number of proteins with known amino acid sequences, sequence-based methods have considerable room for improvement with the development of deep learning. Therefore, prediction of protein-ligand binding residues with deep learning requires study.ResultsIn this study, we propose a new sequence-based approach called DeepCSeqSite for ab initio protein-ligand binding residue prediction. DeepCSeqSite includes a standard edition and an enhanced edition. The classifier of DeepCSeqSite is based on a deep convolutional neural network. Several convolutional layers are stacked on top of each other to extract hierarchical features. The size of the effective context scope is expanded as the number of convolutional layers increases. The long-distance dependencies between residues can be captured by the large effective context scope, and stacking several layers enables the maximum length of dependencies to be precisely controlled. The extracted features are ultimately combined through one-by-one convolution kernels and softmax to predict whether the residues are binding residues. The state-of-the-art ligand-binding method COACH and some of its submethods are selected as baselines. The methods are tested on a set of 151 nonredundant proteins and three extended test sets. Experiments show that the improvement of the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) is no less than 0.05. In addition, a training data augmentation method that slightly improves the performance is discussed in this study.ConclusionsWithout using any templates that include 3D-structure data, DeepCSeqSite significantlyoutperforms existing sequence-based and 3D-structure-based methods, including COACH. Augmentation of the training sets slightly improves the performance. The model, code and datasets are available at https://github.com/yfCuiFaith/DeepCSeqSite.